CN111554934A - Biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for lithium-sulfur battery electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for lithium-sulfur battery electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biochar loaded titanium dioxide for a lithium-sulfur battery electrode and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) carbonizing the dandelion to obtain a carbonized product, namely biochar; (2) regulating and controlling the proportioning relation of the biochar and the surfactant, and preparing a surfactant solution; (3) preparing titanium dioxide in a surfactant solution to ensure that the titanium dioxide is fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar; (4) growing titanium dioxide on the surface of the biochar in a high-temperature environment to obtain TiO2A structure of/C; (5) taking sulfur powder and TiO2Mixing the structure of/C to adsorb sulfur to TiO2Structure of/C. The preparation method has low production cost and easy industrial production, and the prepared biomass carbon-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode can adsorb sulfurThe lithium polysulfide electrolyte has strong capacity, is not easy to dissolve in the electrolyte when used for the lithium sulfur battery, has excellent electrochemical performance, and can improve the capacity of the lithium sulfur battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of novel batteries, in particular to biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for a lithium-sulfur battery electrode and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lithium ion battery is widely applied to daily life as a secondary battery, but with the advance of science and technology, the current mainstream lithium ion battery with lower energy density (200-300 Wh/kg) cannot meet the requirements of people. Therefore, researchers are continuously pushing the energy density of lithium batteries to a higher level, and with respect to the existing lithium ion battery systems, the energy density of the batteries depends on the specific capacity of the cathode material to a great extent, but from the theoretical specific capacity of the existing cathode material, it is difficult to significantly improve the energy density of the lithium ion battery systems.
Compared with the mainstream lithium ion battery anode material in the market, the sulfur electrode has high theoretical specific capacity which can reach 1675mAh/g, and the metal lithium has extremely high theoretical capacity (3861 mAh/g) as the battery cathode, and meanwhile, the lithium sulfur battery works based on an electrochemical two-electron reaction system, the theoretical specific energy of the lithium sulfur battery reaches 2600Wh/kg, and can reach more than 5 times of the capacity of the current mainstream battery product. In addition, the sulfur element has various advantages, such as abundant reserves, easy acquisition, capability of reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery, environmental friendliness and the like. Therefore, lithium-sulfur batteries are becoming a hot spot for the current development of batteries.
The biochar can be used as a carbon substrate of sulfur and widely applied to lithium-sulfur batteries, is an environment-friendly material, accords with the concept of sustainable development of the current society, has a natural pore structure, and has the advantage of high sulfur-carrying rate of the obtained biochar material, but has weak fastness to sulfur adsorption, and lithium polysulfide is easily dissolved in electrolyte after multiple charging and discharging, so that the development of a novel sulfur carrier based on biochar is still a potential challenge.
Titanium dioxide (TiO)2) The lithium ion battery cathode material has the advantages of low acquisition cost, abundant resources, environmental friendliness, extremely stable chemical properties, special energy band structure and intrinsic defects, excellent conductivity and the like, and is applied to the lithium ion battery cathode material, and researchers make extensive research on the lithium ion battery cathode material. Titanium dioxide is a meta-acidic amphoteric oxide, hardly reacts with other substances at normal temperature, and in a lithium-sulfur battery, different crystal structures of titanium dioxide show different adsorption capacities for sulfur.
Therefore, the crystal structure of the titanium dioxide is fully researched, the structure is controlled by adopting an effective synthesis process, the aim of effectively improving the actual sulfur-carrying amount of the composite powder can be achieved, the electrochemical performance is further improved, and the actual capacity of the battery is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide biomass carbon-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode, which has strong sulfur adsorption capacity and excellent electrochemical performance, and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of biochar loaded titanium dioxide for a lithium-sulfur battery electrode comprises the following specific steps:
step (1), carbonizing 2g of dandelion to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, and recording the precursor as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1: (1-5) taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), taking titanium isopropoxide and dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze according to the volume ratio of 20 (1-1.5) of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2), dropwise adding ammonia water into the solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1 of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water, and marking the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring to enable titanium dioxide to be adsorbed on the surface of biological carbon, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biological carbon, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 5000-8000 r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biological carbon in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ for drying, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 400-800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and then carrying out heat preservation to enable titanium dioxide to grow on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling the sample E and the sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, placing the sample E and the sulfur powder into a mortar, grinding until the two are uniformly mixed, then scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, preserving the temperature, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
Further, before the dandelion is taken in the step (1), the dandelion is cleaned.
Further, the carbonization treatment in the step (1) comprises the following specific steps: putting 2g of dandelion into a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, then lowering the temperature to 300 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5-10 ℃/min, cooling the porcelain boat to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid washing and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
Further, the drying time in the step (1) is 15-30 h.
Further, the ammonia water extraction in the step (3) is carried out in a fume hood.
Further, the stirring time in the step (4) is 12-24 hours, and the drying time is 12-24 hours.
Further, the heat preservation time in the step (5) is 2 hours.
Further, the heat preservation time in the step (6) is 12 hours.
Further, the stirring is to place the container on a magnetic stirrer for stirring.
The biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the invention uses the biochar as the base to load the titanium dioxide, regulates the structure of the titanium dioxide by regulating the proportion of the biochar and the surfactant, and obtains the titanium dioxide with the characteristic of strong sulfur adsorption, the titanium dioxide with the characteristic of strong sulfur adsorption and the TiO formed by the biochar with strong conductivity2the/C sulfur-carrying structure has a good ion transmission channel, the surface of the biological carbon is fully activated, and the biological carbon has strong adsorption capacity on titanium dioxide, so that sulfur is firmly adsorbed and combined on the structure of the biological carbon through the titanium dioxide; meanwhile, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of abundant raw material resources, low production cost and easiness in industrial production.
The biomass carbon-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the preparation method has strong adsorption capacity to sulfur, and lithium polysulfide is not easy to dissolve in electrolyte when the biomass carbon-loaded titanium dioxide is applied to the lithium-sulfur battery; the electrochemical performance is excellent, and the capacity of the lithium-sulfur battery can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD (X-ray diffraction) diagram of sulfur adsorbed by biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode prepared by the preparation method of the invention;
fig. 2a, 2b and 2c are SEM images of biochar-supported titanium dioxide for lithium-sulfur battery electrodes prepared in example 1, example 2 and example 3, respectively, according to the present invention;
fig. 3a and 3b are performance graphs of biochar-supported titanium dioxide for lithium-sulfur battery electrodes prepared by the preparation method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
weighing 2g of cleaned dandelion, putting the dandelion into a porcelain boat, heating the dandelion to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, then cooling the dandelion to 300 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10 ℃/min, cooling the dandelion to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid washing and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product for 15 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, namely biological carbon, which is marked as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1:1, taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the container on a magnetic stirrer, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), sucking 0.5mL of titanium isopropoxide by using a liquid transfer gun and slowly dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide according to the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2) of 20:1, sucking 0.25mL of ammonia water by using the liquid transfer gun in a fume hood according to the volume ratio of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water of 2:1, dropwise adding the ammonia water into the solution B with the titanium isopropoxide, and recording the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring for 12 hours to enable titanium dioxide to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 5000r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for drying for 24 hours, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 2 hours after the heating is finished, so that titanium dioxide grows on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling 0.16 g of sample E and 0.24g of sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, fully grinding the samples in a mortar, after grinding the samples until the samples and the sulfur powder are uniformly mixed, scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 2:
weighing 2g of cleaned dandelion, putting the dandelion into a porcelain boat, heating the dandelion to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, then cooling the dandelion to 300 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10 ℃/min, cooling the dandelion to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid washing and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product for 20 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, namely biological carbon, which is marked as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1: taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the container on a magnetic stirrer, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), sucking 0.65mL of titanium isopropoxide by using a liquid transfer gun and slowly dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide according to the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2) being 20:1.3, sucking 0.32mL of ammonia water by using the liquid transfer gun in a fume hood according to the volume ratio of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water being 2:1, dropwise adding the ammonia water into the solution B with the titanium isopropoxide, and marking the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring for 18h to enable titanium dioxide to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 6500r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 90 ℃ for drying for 18h, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 2 hours after the heating is finished, so that titanium dioxide grows on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling 0.16 g of sample E and 0.24g of sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, fully grinding the samples in a mortar, after grinding the samples until the samples and the sulfur powder are uniformly mixed, scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 3:
weighing 2g of cleaned dandelion, putting the dandelion into a porcelain boat, heating the dandelion to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, cooling the dandelion to 300 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, cooling the dandelion to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid cleaning and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product for 30 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, namely biological carbon, which is marked as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1:5, taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the container on a magnetic stirrer, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), sucking 0.75mL of titanium isopropoxide by using a liquid transfer gun and slowly dropwise adding the sucked titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide according to the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2) being 20:1.5, sucking 0.38mL of ammonia water by using the liquid transfer gun in a fume hood according to the volume ratio of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water being 2:1, dropwise adding the sucked ammonia water into the solution B with the titanium isopropoxide, and marking the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring for 24 hours to enable titanium dioxide to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 8000r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 100 ℃ for drying for 12 hours, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 2 hours after the heating is finished, so that titanium dioxide grows on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling 0.16 g of sample E and 0.24g of sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, fully grinding the samples in a mortar, after grinding the samples until the samples and the sulfur powder are uniformly mixed, scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 4:
weighing 2g of cleaned dandelion, putting the dandelion into a porcelain boat, heating the dandelion to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, then cooling the dandelion to 300 ℃ at a cooling rate of 8 ℃/min, cooling the dandelion to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid cleaning and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product for 25 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, namely biological carbon, which is marked as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1:1, taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the container on a magnetic stirrer, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), sucking 0.5mL of titanium isopropoxide by using a liquid transfer gun and slowly dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide according to the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2) of 20:1, sucking 0.25mL of ammonia water by using the liquid transfer gun in a fume hood according to the volume ratio of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water of 2:1, dropwise adding the ammonia water into the solution B with the titanium isopropoxide, and recording the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring for 15h to enable titanium dioxide to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 5000r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for drying for 15h, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 2 hours after the heating is finished, so that titanium dioxide grows on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling 0.16 g of sample E and 0.24g of sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, fully grinding the samples in a mortar, after grinding the samples until the samples and the sulfur powder are uniformly mixed, scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 5:
weighing 2g of cleaned dandelion, putting the dandelion into a porcelain boat, heating the dandelion to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, then cooling the dandelion to 300 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, cooling the dandelion to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, carrying out acid cleaning and suction filtration on the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product for 18 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, namely biological carbon, which is marked as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1:1, taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the container on a magnetic stirrer, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), sucking 0.5mL of titanium isopropoxide by using a liquid transfer gun and slowly dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide according to the volume ratio of the anhydrous ethanol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2) of 20:1, sucking 0.25mL of ammonia water by using the liquid transfer gun in a fume hood according to the volume ratio of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water of 2:1, dropwise adding the ammonia water into the solution B with the titanium isopropoxide, and recording the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring for 15h to enable titanium dioxide to be fully adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 5000r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 85 ℃ for drying for 22h, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 2 hours after the heating is finished, so that titanium dioxide grows on the surface of biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling 0.16 g of sample E and 0.24g of sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, fully grinding the samples in a mortar, after grinding the samples until the samples and the sulfur powder are uniformly mixed, scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
The results shown in fig. 1, fig. 2a, fig. 2b, fig. 2c, fig. 3a, and fig. 3b were obtained by analyzing and characterizing the biochar-supported titanium dioxide for lithium sulfur battery electrodes prepared in example 1, example 2, and example 3.
In fig. 1, the ratios of biochar to surfactant are 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the biochar loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the present invention successfully adsorbs and firmly bonds sulfur element on the substrate.
As can be seen from fig. 2a, 2b and 2c, the biochar-supported titanium dioxide substrate for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the invention has a large number of substances participating in the electrochemical reaction on the surface, and as can be seen from comparing fig. 2a, 2b and 2c, when the proportion of biochar and surfactant is 1:1, the substances participating in the electrochemical reaction on the surface of the substrate are the most, further, when the proportion of biochar and surfactant is 1:1, the structure of the obtained titanium dioxide has a more beneficial effect on the performance, and the electrochemical performance can be improved.
From fig. 3a and fig. 3b, it can be seen that the biochar-supported titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the invention has high first-cycle discharge capacity in practical application and can be used for long cycle, when the proportion of the biochar and the surfactant is 1:1, as shown in fig. 3a, the first-cycle discharge capacity is 798 mAh/g, after long cycle, the capacity can be maintained at 237mAh/g, and as shown in fig. 3b, the reversible capacity can be maintained at 284mAh/g under high current density.
Therefore, when the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the invention is actually applied to a lithium-sulfur battery, the electrochemical performance of the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide is obviously superior to that of the conventional mainstream lithium battery and lithium-sulfur battery.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of biochar loaded titanium dioxide for a lithium-sulfur battery electrode is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step (1), carbonizing 2g of dandelion to obtain a biological carbon skeleton precursor, and recording the precursor as a sample A;
step (2), preparing a surfactant solution: according to the mass ratio of the sample A to the surfactant hexadecylamine of 1: (1-5) taking a surfactant hexadecylamine, pouring the surfactant hexadecylamine into a container filled with 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring until the surfactant hexadecylamine is completely dissolved, and marking the obtained solution as a solution B;
step (3), taking titanium isopropoxide and dropwise adding the titanium isopropoxide into the solution B to hydrolyze according to the volume ratio of 20 (1-1.5) of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the titanium isopropoxide in the step (2), dropwise adding ammonia water into the solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1 of the titanium isopropoxide to the ammonia water, and marking the obtained solution as a solution C;
adding the sample A into the solution C, stirring to enable titanium dioxide to be adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, then carrying out centrifugal operation on the biochar, setting the centrifugal rotation speed to be 5000-8000 r/min, carrying out alcohol washing after the centrifugal operation is finished, finally placing the biochar in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ for drying, collecting the dried sample and marking the dried sample as a sample D;
step (5), paving the sample D in a porcelain boat, putting the porcelain boat into a quartz tube protected by hydrogen-argon mixed gas, heating the porcelain boat from room temperature to 400-800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and then carrying out heat preservation to enable titanium dioxide to grow on the surface of the biochar to obtain a sample E;
and (6) sampling the sample E and the sulfur powder according to the mass ratio of 4:6, placing the sample E and the sulfur powder into a mortar, grinding until the two are uniformly mixed, then scattering the obtained mixture into a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat into a quartz tube filled with argon, raising the temperature to 155 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, preserving the temperature, and obtaining the biochar-loaded titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode after the heat preservation is finished.
2. The method of preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) cleaning the dandelion before the dandelion is taken in the step (1).
3. The method for preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium-sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization treatment in the step (1) comprises the following specific steps: putting 2g of dandelion into a porcelain boat, placing the porcelain boat in a tubular atmosphere furnace in an argon atmosphere, raising the temperature to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, then lowering the temperature to 300 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5-10 ℃/min, cooling the porcelain boat to room temperature to obtain a carbonized product, pickling and filtering the carbonized product, and then drying the carbonized product at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
4. The method of producing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drying time in the step (1) is 15-30 h.
5. The method of preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the ammonia water extraction operation in the step (3) is carried out in a fume hood.
6. The method of preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring time in the step (4) is 12-24 hours, and the drying time is 12-24 hours.
7. The method of preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation time in the step (5) is 2 hours.
8. The method of preparing biochar-supported titanium dioxide for a lithium sulfur battery electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation time in the step (6) is 12 hours.
9. The method for preparing the biochar-supported titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode according to any one of the above items, characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring is to place the container on a magnetic stirrer for stirring.
10. The biochar-supported titanium dioxide for the lithium-sulfur battery electrode prepared by the preparation method.
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