CN111554894A - Fluidized bed spraying coating equipment - Google Patents
Fluidized bed spraying coating equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111554894A CN111554894A CN202010338866.9A CN202010338866A CN111554894A CN 111554894 A CN111554894 A CN 111554894A CN 202010338866 A CN202010338866 A CN 202010338866A CN 111554894 A CN111554894 A CN 111554894A
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- spray coating
- air inlet
- fluidized bed
- coating
- liquid
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019122 CoaMnb(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014336 LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014446 LiNi1−x-yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014825 LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015450 Ni1-x-yCoxMny(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011206 ternary composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
- B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a fluidized bed spray coating device, which comprises: the crystal nucleus coating device comprises a fixed base, wherein a material mixing device is arranged on the fixed base and used for uniformly mixing material liquid or slurry for coating crystal nuclei; the spraying coating device is provided with a spraying coating chamber, is arranged above the fixed base, is connected with the mixing device, and is used for feeding the feed liquid or the slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device into the spraying coating chamber, and coating and drying the crystal nucleus fed into the spraying coating chamber; and the well-shaped air inlet screening device is connected with the spray coating device and is used for dividing the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area and suspending the crystal nucleus fed into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area to form a fluidized bed. The invention can obtain solid gradient anode material coated particles with uniform particle size and coating layer, so as to meet the requirements of the anode material of the battery on the sphericity degree, the particle size distribution and the tap density of a finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy and new energy material preparation, in particular to fluidized bed spray coating equipment.
Background
Powder metallurgy products are often far beyond the material and metallurgical categories and are often a technology that spans multiple disciplines. The spray drier is one kind of continuous normal pressure drier, and the spray drying process includes spraying material liquid with special equipment into fog and direct contact between hot air or other gas and fog drops to obtain product in powder form. Spray drying has the advantage of being fast, requiring only seconds to complete, is suitable for drying heat-sensitive materials, and is mainly used for drying some heat-sensitive liquids, suspensions and viscous liquids, such as medicines, materials and the like. Because the drying process is completed instantly, the produced finished product particles can basically keep the similar spherical shape of liquid drops, the product has good dispersibility, fluidity and solubility, the production process is simplified, and the operation and the control are convenient. However, products produced by the traditional spray drying equipment are often in powder, particle, hollow sphere or granule shapes, products are easy to agglomerate, accurate control on the shape, size distribution, residual moisture content, stacking density and the like of finished product particles cannot be realized, so that various problems such as uneven coating, broken hollow spheres and the like are easy to generate in the working process of material coating, and the requirements of the battery anode material on the sphericity, particle size distribution and tap density of finished products cannot be met.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a fluidized bed spray coating apparatus to solve the problems of non-uniform coating and broken hollow spheres easily generated in the material coating process of the conventional spray drying apparatus, so as to meet the requirements of the battery anode material on the sphericity degree, the particle size distribution and the tap density of the finished product.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fluidized bed spray coating apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the crystal nucleus coating device comprises a fixed base, wherein a material mixing device is arranged on the fixed base and used for uniformly mixing material liquid or slurry for coating crystal nuclei;
the spraying coating device is provided with a spraying coating chamber, is arranged above the fixed base, is connected with the mixing device, and is used for feeding the material liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device into the spraying coating chamber, and coating and drying the crystal nucleus fed into the spraying coating chamber; and
the well-shaped air inlet screening device is connected with the spray coating device and used for separating the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area and suspending the crystal nucleus sent into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area so as to form a fluidized bed.
The equipment further comprises a solid material collecting device, wherein the solid material collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the spray coating device and is used for collecting crystal nuclei coated and dried by the spray coating device.
In a further aspect of the present invention, the spray coating device comprises:
the fixing columns are arranged on the fixing base;
a spray coating tower disposed on the fixed column; wherein the spray coating tower is hollow to form the spray coating chamber; the top and the bottom of the spray coating tower are both provided with exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes extend into the spray coating chamber;
the superfine atomizer is arranged at the top of the spray coating tower; the superfine atomizer is provided with a liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet pipe, the first liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet is perpendicular to the spray coating tower and extends to the fluidized bed coating area;
the heat pump system component is provided with a first liquid inlet pipe, two ends of the first liquid inlet pipe are respectively connected with the material mixing device and the heat pump system component, and two ends of the first liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected with the liquid inlet and the heat pump system component and used for feeding liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the material mixing device into the liquid inlet.
In a further arrangement of the present invention, the spray coating tower comprises:
a housing on which the heat pump system assembly is disposed;
the outer box body and the inner box body are arranged at intervals, a cavity is formed between the outer box body and the inner box body, and the shell is arranged on the outer box body;
the heating wire is arranged in the cavity and is electrically connected with the heat pump system component; and
the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation materials, and the heat insulation materials are filled between the outer box body and the electric heating wire.
In a further aspect of the present invention, the well-shaped intake air screening device comprises:
the well-shaped air inlet screening component is arranged in the spray coating chamber and divides the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area;
the driving assembly is arranged below the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly and used for driving the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly to lift in the spray coating chamber;
the air blower is arranged on the fixed base, connected with the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly and located below the spraying coating device and used for providing an air source for the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly so as to suspend the crystal nucleus forming fluidized bed in the spraying coating chamber.
In a further arrangement of the present invention, the well-shaped intake air screening assembly comprises:
the air inlet sieve plate is connected with the air blower through an air pipe;
the grid type air inlet channel is in a grid shape and is arranged on the air inlet sieve plate;
the air inlet is arranged at the intersection of the grid type air inlet channel;
the filter screen is connected with the air inlet sieve plate and is positioned at the bottom of the grid type air inlet channel; and
the cleaning brush, the cleaning brush sets up air inlet sieve side and with the indoor inner wall butt of spraying cladding.
According to the further arrangement, the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly further comprises an air cap, the air cap is arranged on the air inlet, and the air cap is detachably connected with the air inlet; the blast cap is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, and the air inlet directions of the air inlet holes face downwards and form an included angle with the horizontal plane; wherein the included angle is 30-50 degrees.
The fluidized bed is further provided with crystal nucleus feeding holes symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the coating area of the fluidized bed, and the crystal nucleus feeding holes penetrate through the shell, the outer box body and the inner box body.
According to the further arrangement of the invention, the driving assembly comprises a telescopic rod and a driving motor arranged on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is arranged at the bottom end inside the spray coating tower and is connected with the grid type air inlet channel.
According to the invention, a first valve is arranged between the solid material collecting device and the solid material collecting region, and a second valve is connected between the solid material collecting device and the outside.
The invention provides fluidized bed spray coating equipment, which comprises: the crystal nucleus coating device comprises a fixed base, wherein a material mixing device is arranged on the fixed base and used for uniformly mixing material liquid or slurry for coating crystal nuclei; the spraying coating device is provided with a spraying coating chamber, is arranged above the fixed base, is connected with the mixing device, and is used for feeding the material liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device into the spraying coating chamber, and coating and drying the crystal nucleus fed into the spraying coating chamber; and the well-shaped air inlet screening device is connected with the spray coating device and is used for dividing the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area and suspending the crystal nucleus sent into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area so as to form a fluidized bed. The invention can obtain solid gradient anode material coated particles with uniform particle size and coating layer, so as to meet the requirements of the anode material of the battery on the sphericity degree, the particle size distribution and the tap density of a finished product.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a fluidized-bed spray coating apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the well-type air intake screen assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of another angle of the well-type air intake screen assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the hood of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the hood of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the hood of the present invention from another angle.
The various symbols in the drawings: 1. a fixed base; 2. a mixing device; 3. a spray coating device; 31. fixing a column; 32. spraying a coating tower; 321. a housing; 322. an inner box body; 323. an outer case; 324. an electric heating wire; 325. a thermal insulation layer; 326. a crystal nucleus feeding hole; 327. an exhaust hole; 33. an ultra-fine atomizer; 331. a first liquid outlet pipe; 34. a heat pump system component; 341. a first liquid inlet pipe; 4. a well-shaped air inlet screening device; 41. the well-shaped air inlet screening component; 411. an air inlet sieve plate; 412. a grid type air inlet channel; 413. an air inlet; 414. a filter screen; 415. cleaning brushes; 416. a hood; 4161. a hood body; 4162. an air inlet hole; 42. a drive assembly; 421. a telescopic rod; 422. a drive motor; 43. a blower; 431. an air duct; 5. a solid material collecting device; 51. a first valve; 52. a second valve.
Detailed Description
The invention provides fluidized bed spraying coating equipment which can be used for preparing and regenerating a lithium battery anode material. The invention is based on the fluidized bed technology and the spray drying principle, combines the fluidized bed technology and the spray drying technology, realizes the uniform coating and the rapid drying of the anode material, and can realize the low-cost preparation of the gradient anode material. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the embodiments and claims, the terms "a" and "an" can mean "one or more" unless the article is specifically limited.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
For better understanding of the present invention, the positive electrode material is explained first: the positive electrode material is one of the key materials determining the performance of the lithium ion battery, and is also the main lithium ion source in the current commercial lithium ion battery, and the performance and the price of the positive electrode material have great influence on the lithium ion battery. The positive electrode materials which are successfully researched and applied at present mainly comprise lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, ternary materials of lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM), lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminate (NCA) and the like. The ternary positive electrode material can be divided into different grades such as 111, 523, 622, 811 and the like according to the mole fraction ratio of each metal. With the increase of the nickel content, the specific capacity of the ternary cathode material is gradually increased, but the cycle performance and the safety performance are correspondingly deteriorated, the surface coating can effectively inhibit the side reaction of the high-nickel material and the electrolyte, and the cycle stability of the material is improved. The coating layer is too thin, and the material performance is not obviously improved; the coating layer is too thick, the specific capacity loss of the material is more, and after the cycle is repeated for many times, the film falls off. If the positive electrode material with the same structure is coated, the coating layer has larger thickness and is completely coated outside the particles to form a core-shell structure, the defects can be inhibited. The ternary cathode material with the core-shell structure generally comprises a core with high specific capacity and a shell with high stability, wherein the core and the shell both have electrochemical activity and have the advantages of high specific capacity, good cycling stability and the like.
The invention couples the seed crystal fluidized bed technology and the spray drying principle, can realize the mutual coating of different materials by controlling different component proportions of the seed crystal and the spray drying feed liquid, for example, the seed crystal adopts 811 grade ternary anode material, and the spray drying feed liquid adopts 111 proportion of nickel, cobalt and manganese, thus realizing the preparation of 811-doped 111 gradient anode material.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a fluidized bed spray coating apparatus.
As shown in figure 1, the fluidized bed spray coating equipment provided by the invention comprises a fixed base 1, a mixing device 2, a spray coating device 3, a well-shaped air inlet screening device 4 and a solid material collecting device 5. Specifically, the mixing device 2 is installed on the fixed base 1 and located on one side of the spray coating device 3, the mixing device 2 can be used for mixing materials by ultrasonic waves or forcibly stirring the materials, and the material liquid or the material slurry for coating crystal nuclei can be uniformly mixed by the mixing device 2. The spraying coating device 3 is arranged above the fixed base 1 and connected with the mixing device 2, wherein the spraying coating device 3 is provided with a spraying coating chamber, the spraying coating device 3 can send feed liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device 2 into the spraying coating chamber, and coat and dry crystal nuclei sent into the spraying coating chamber. The well-shaped air inlet screening device 4 is connected with the spray coating device 3, is partially positioned in the spray coating chamber, can divide the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area, and suspends the crystal nucleus sent into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area to form a fluidized bed. The solid material collecting device 5 is disposed at the bottom of the spray coating device 3, and in some embodiments, the solid material collecting device 5 may be a material collecting tank for collecting the crystal nuclei coated and dried by the spray coating device 3.
According to the invention, the fluidized bed technology and the spray drying technology are combined, namely, the crystal nucleus is formed into a uniform fluidized bed layer through the well-shaped air inlet screening device 4, and then the uniform fluidized bed layer is coated and quickly dried through the spray coating device 3, so that the accurate control of the shape, size distribution, residual moisture content, stacking density and the like of the finished particles of the cathode material can be realized, the coated particles of the solid gradient cathode material with uniform particle size and uniform coating can be obtained, the requirements of the cathode material of the battery on the sphericity degree, particle size distribution and tap density of the finished product are met, and the preparation of the gradient cathode material is further realized. It should be noted that the fluidized bed has a selective sieving function for particles with different particle sizes: that is, the suspended material particles exceed the critical dimension of the fluidized bed and settle downwards, and when the particle size is too small, the particles are blown away from the fluidized bed along with the air flow, thereby realizing the particle size control of the product.
When the equipment is used for preparing the lithium ion battery anode material, Q is used as fluidized bed seed crystal, wherein. The Q component can be lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate or LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2(0<x+y≦0.66)、LiNi1-a-bCoaAlbO2(0<a + b ≦ 0.2), or Ni1-x-yCoxMny(OH)2(0<x+y≦0.66)、Ni1-a-bCoaMnb(OH)2(0<a + b ≦ 0.2), and the like. The feed liquid or slurry used by the spray coating device 3 may be a solution of Ni, Co, Mn or Ni, Co, Al salts mixed according to the molar ratio of the components of the target coating layer, or may be a feed liquid or slurry composed of one or more of a ternary composite precursor, a soluble metal lithium compound, and a rare earth compound. When the equipment is used for regenerating the anode material of the waste lithium ion battery, the anode material obtained by disassembling the waste battery is pre-leached by adopting a salt solution, an organic acid or an inorganic acid to remove a Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) with thickened surface or a surface pollution layer, and then the pre-leached anode material particles are used as fluidized bed crystal seeds. And purifying the leachate in which the SEI film or the surface layer on the surface of the waste anode material is dissolved after the pre-leaching, and batching according to the molar ratio of the components of the target coating layer, wherein the batched leachate is used as feed liquid or slurry added into the spray coating device 3. With continued reference to fig. 1, in a further embodiment of an embodiment, the spray coating device 3 includes a plurality of fixed posts 31. Spray coating tower 32, ultra-fine atomizer 33, and heat pump system assembly 34. Specifically, the fixing posts 31 are disposed on the fixing base 1, in some embodiments, two fixing posts 31 are disposed and fixed on the fixing base 1 at intervals, and the spray coating tower 32 is disposed on the fixing posts 31 such that the spray coating tower 32 is spaced apart from the fixing base 1.
With reference to fig. 1, in a further aspect, the spray coating tower 32 is hollow to form the spray coating chamber, the ultra-fine atomizer 33 is disposed at the top of the spray coating tower 32, wherein the ultra-fine atomizer 33 is provided with a liquid inlet (not shown) and a first liquid outlet pipe 331, the first liquid outlet pipe 331 is connected to the liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is perpendicular to the spray coating tower 32 and extends to the fluidized bed coating region, the heat pump system component 34 is provided with a first liquid inlet pipe 341, two ends of the first liquid inlet pipe 341 are respectively connected to the mixing device 2 and the heat pump system component 34, and two ends of the first liquid outlet pipe 331 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet and the heat pump system component 34. More specifically, the heat pump system component 34 includes a temperature controller, a heat pump, etc., the first liquid outlet pipe 331 is connected to the heat pump and the liquid inlet, and the first liquid inlet pipe 341 is connected to the heat pump and the mixing device 2. In the invention, the heat pump system component 34 can send the feed liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device 2 into the liquid inlet, and then the uniformly mixed feed liquid or slurry is atomized by the superfine atomizer 33 and enters the spray coating chamber (drying chamber) to coat and dry the crystal nucleus forming the fluidized bed in the spray coating chamber. Further, the spray coating tower 32 is provided with air vents 327 at the top and the bottom, and the air vents 327 extend into the spray coating chamber to prevent the air pressure in the spray coating chamber from being too high.
Referring to fig. 1, in a further embodiment of an embodiment, the spray coating tower 32 includes a housing 321, an inner box 322, an outer box 323, a heating wire 324, and a thermal insulation layer 325. Specifically, the heat pump system component 34 is disposed on the casing 321, the outer casing 323 and the inner casing 322 form a double-layer structure, that is, the outer casing 323 and the inner casing 322 are disposed at an interval and form a cavity with the inner casing 322, the casing 321 is disposed on the outer casing 323, and the heating wire 324 is disposed in the cavity and electrically connected to a temperature controller of the heat pump system component 34. Furthermore, the heat insulation layer 325 is made of a heat insulation material, and the heat insulation material is filled between the outer box 323 and the heating wire 324, so that the heat pump system assembly 34 can adjust the temperature of the heating wire 324, and the superfine atomizer 33 can achieve different temperature setting requirements during spray coating.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, in a further embodiment of an embodiment, the well-shaped intake air screening device 4 includes a well-shaped intake air screening assembly 41, a driving assembly 42 and a blower 43. Specifically, well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 sets up in the spraying coating room and will fluidized bed cladding district and solid material collecting region are separated into to the spraying coating room, drive assembly 42 sets up perpendicularly well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 below for the drive well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 is in go up and down in the spraying coating room, air-blower 43 sets up unable adjustment base 1 go up and with well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 is connected, and is located spraying cladding device 3 below, be used for well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 provides the air supply in order to incite somebody to action the crystal nucleus forms the fluidized bed suspension in the spraying coating room. Furthermore, crystal nucleus feed inlets 326 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the fluidized bed coating area, and the crystal nucleus feed inlets 326 penetrate through the shell 321, the outer box 323 and the inner box 322.
Specifically, well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 pass through tuber pipe 431 with air-blower 43 is connected, wherein well form air inlet screening subassembly 41 adopts the mode of bottom air inlet with air-blower 43 links to each other, in addition, crystal nucleus feed inlet 326 has solitary air supply, and under the drive of this air supply, crystal nucleus accessible crystal nucleus feed inlet 326 enters into to spray the cladding indoorly. In some embodiments, a pair of crystal nucleus feeding holes 326 is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the fluidized bed coating region, and it is understood that two pairs of crystal nucleus feeding holes 326 or a plurality of pairs of crystal nucleus feeding holes 326 can be symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the fluidized bed coating region according to actual needs. The invention can send the crystal nucleus into the spray coating chamber from the crystal nucleus feeding hole 326 through the blast air flow (single air source), and simultaneously, under the action of the blast blower 43, the air enters from the bottom of the well-shaped air inlet screening component 41 to form a fluidized bed for the crystal nucleus entering into the spray coating chamber, and then the fluidized bed is coated and dried by the superfine atomizer 33, so that the solid gradient anode material coated particles with uniform particle size and uniform coating layer can be obtained. It should be noted that, considering that the spray drying reaction is rapid, the thickness of the reaction zone where the liquid flow (feed liquid) is sprayed into the fluidized bed layer from the liquid inlet is limited, the well-shaped air inlet screening component 41 is designed to be liftable, the contact time and contact area of crystal nuclei of different sizes and types and the feed liquid can be controlled by adjusting the lifting speed and lifting position height of the well-shaped air inlet screening component 41, and thus the thickness and uniformity of the surface coating layer of the crystal nuclei can be adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 6, in a further implementation manner of an embodiment, the well-shaped intake air screening assembly 41 includes an intake air screening plate 411, a grid-shaped intake air channel 412, an intake opening 413, a filtering screen 414, and a cleaning brush 415. Specifically, air inlet sieve 411 pass through tuber pipe 431 with air-blower 43 connects, net type inlet air channel 412 is latticed and sets up on the air inlet sieve 411, air intake 413 sets up net type inlet air channel 412's cross section, filter screen 414 with air inlet sieve 411 is connected and is located net type inlet air channel 412 bottom, cleaning brush 415 sets up air inlet sieve 411 side and with the indoor inner wall butt of spraying cladding, wherein, cleaning brush 415 with the connection can be dismantled to air inlet sieve 411. Furthermore, the well-shaped intake air screening assembly 41 further comprises a hood 416, the hood 416 is disposed on the intake opening 413, the hood 416 comprises a hood body 4161 and a plurality of intake openings 4162 disposed on the hood body 4161, and the intake direction of the intake openings 4162 faces downward and forms an included angle α with the horizontal plane. Wherein the included angle α is 30-50 °, in one implementation, the included angle α may be set to 45 °. More specifically, the hood 416 is detachably connected to the intake port 413, for example, the hood 416 may be sleeved on the intake port 413, or the hood 416 may be screwed to the intake port 413.
When the blower 43 is started, the blast air flow enters the grid-type air inlet channel 412 from the air inlet screen plate 411, then passes through the air inlet 413 and flows out of the air inlet holes 4162 of the blast cap 416, wherein the air inlet holes 4162 are air inlet holes 4162 with uniform inner diameters, so that the crystal nuclei sprayed from the crystal nucleus feeding holes 326 can be ensured to float in the spray coating chamber and form a fluidized bed by adjusting the positions of the air inlet holes 4162 on the blast cap 416, the sizes and the opening angles of the air inlet holes 4162 and the size of the blast air flow, and the fluidized bed can be formed in the equipment by crystal nuclei with different sizes and densities. When the crystal nuclei forming the fluidized bed are coated and dried by the ultrafine atomizer 33 and when the density of the coated and grown crystal nuclei (positive electrode material) exceeds the average density of the fluidized bed provided, the crystal nuclei settle downward and pass through the filter screen 414 into the solids collection device 5 below. Through the design of the counter-flow structure, the coating liquid and the crystal nucleus can be uniformly mixed, so that the particle size homogenization control in the coating and drying process of the anode material is realized. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the crystal nuclei are in the fluidized bed state, the number of the air inlet holes 4162, the aperture and the opening angle of the hood 416 may be selected according to the size and physical parameters of the crystal nuclei used in the actual process of preparing or regenerating the cathode material.
Referring to fig. 1, in a further implementation manner of an embodiment, the driving assembly 42 includes a telescopic rod 421 and a driving motor 422 disposed on the telescopic rod 421, and the telescopic rod 421 is disposed at the bottom end inside the spray coating tower 32 and is connected to the grid-type air inlet channel 412. Specifically, the telescopic rod 421 is fixed at the bottom end inside the spray coating tower 32, and is connected to the grid type air inlet channel 412, so as to play a role in supporting and operating the well-shaped air inlet sieve plate assembly 411, and realize the lifting control of the well-shaped air inlet sieve plate assembly 411, so as to form an optimal fluidized bed spray coating area, and specifically, the telescopic rod 421 is fixed at the middle position of the grid type air inlet channel 412. In addition, because the edge of the air inlet sieve plate 411 is provided with the cleaning brush 415, the driving component 42 can drive the cleaning brush 415 to move up and down in the process of driving the air inlet sieve plate 411 to move up and down, so that the particles adhered to the inner wall of the spray coating chamber (drying chamber) can be cleaned in the process of driving the air inlet sieve plate 411 to move up and down. In one implementation, the air duct 431 of the blower 43 may be connected to the telescopic rod 421, and the blowing air flow is transmitted to the grid-type air intake channel 412 through the telescopic rod 421.
With reference to fig. 1, in a further implementation manner of an embodiment, a first valve 51 is disposed between the solid material collecting device 5 and the solid material collecting area, and a second valve 52 is connected between the solid material collecting device 5 and the outside. Specifically, when the spray drying is performed, the solids collection device 5 is closed with the second valve 52 connected to the outside, and the first valve 51 connected to the solids collection area is opened. When discharging (when the density of the anode material coated with the large size exceeds the set average density of the fluidized bed), the solid material collecting device 5 is closed with the second valve 52 connected with the outside, and the first valve 51 connected with the solid material collecting region is opened, so that the pressure in the spraying coating region can be ensured to be stable, and the continuous anode material product discharging can be realized.
In specific implementation, that is, when the spray coating equipment works, the menu type control panel is started, the material mixing device 2 uniformly mixes the material liquid or slurry for coating, the material liquid or slurry uniformly mixed is sent to the liquid inlet of the superfine atomizer 33 through the heat pump, and the material liquid or slurry is atomized into the drying chamber through the superfine atomizer 33. In addition, the crystal nucleus feeding hole 326 on the side wall sends the crystal nucleus into the spray coating chamber through the blast airflow, and meanwhile, the blower 43 connected with the grid type air inlet channel 412 at the bottom is started, and the uniform airflow is blown upwards to the grid type air inlet channel 412 at the bottom, the airflow enables the crystal nucleus to form a fluidized bed through the hood 416 and is suspended in the spray coating tower 32, the telescopic rod 421 (the motor-driven telescopic rod 421) is started and moves upwards to form an optimal fluidized bed spray coating area, and the crystal nucleus is coated and dried, and the grown anode material particles are coated and subsided downwards when the size exceeds the critical size corresponding to the average density of the fluidized bed layer, and enter the solid material collecting device 5 through the filter screen 414 on the well-shaped air inlet sieve plate 411, so that the purposes of uniform coating and rapid drying of the anode material are achieved.
In summary, the present invention provides a fluidized bed spray coating apparatus, which includes: the crystal nucleus coating device comprises a fixed base, wherein a material mixing device is arranged on the fixed base and used for uniformly mixing material liquid or slurry for coating crystal nuclei; the spraying coating device is provided with a spraying coating chamber, is arranged above the fixed base, is connected with the mixing device, and is used for feeding the material liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device into the spraying coating chamber, and coating and drying the crystal nucleus fed into the spraying coating chamber; and the well-shaped air inlet screening device is connected with the spray coating device and is used for dividing the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area and suspending the crystal nucleus sent into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area so as to form a fluidized bed. The invention has the advantages of low cost, accuracy and controllability, and can realize automatic control and save manual operation. In addition, the invention can uniformly mix the coating liquid and the crystal nucleus through the counter-flow structural design, and can generate the gradient spherical particles with uniform solid and coating layers by combining the seed crystal fluidized bed technology. Therefore, the equipment can realize accurate control of the shape, size distribution, residual moisture content, stacking density and the like of the finished anode material particles, and can obtain solid gradient anode material coated particles with uniform particle size and uniform coating layers so as to meet the requirements of the battery anode material on the sphericity degree, the particle size distribution and the tap density of the finished product, thereby realizing the preparation of the gradient anode material.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fluidized bed spray coating apparatus, comprising:
the crystal nucleus coating device comprises a fixed base, wherein a material mixing device is arranged on the fixed base and used for uniformly mixing material liquid or slurry for coating crystal nuclei;
the spraying coating device is provided with a spraying coating chamber, is arranged above the fixed base, is connected with the mixing device, and is used for feeding the material liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the mixing device into the spraying coating chamber, and coating and drying the crystal nucleus fed into the spraying coating chamber; and
the well-shaped air inlet screening device is connected with the spray coating device and used for separating the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area and suspending the crystal nucleus sent into the spray coating chamber in the fluidized bed coating area so as to form a fluidized bed.
2. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a solid material collecting device disposed at the bottom of the spray coating device for collecting the crystal nuclei coated and dried by the spray coating device.
3. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spray coating device comprises:
the fixing columns are arranged on the fixing base;
a spray coating tower disposed on the fixed column; wherein the spray coating tower is hollow to form the spray coating chamber; the top and the bottom of the spray coating tower are both provided with exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes extend into the spray coating chamber;
the superfine atomizer is arranged at the top of the spray coating tower; the superfine atomizer is provided with a liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet pipe, the first liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet is perpendicular to the spray coating tower and extends to the fluidized bed coating area;
the heat pump system component is provided with a first liquid inlet pipe, two ends of the first liquid inlet pipe are respectively connected with the material mixing device and the heat pump system component, and two ends of the first liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected with the liquid inlet and the heat pump system component and used for feeding liquid or slurry uniformly mixed by the material mixing device into the liquid inlet.
4. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus of claim 3, wherein the spray coating tower comprises:
a housing on which the heat pump system assembly is disposed;
the outer box body and the inner box body are arranged at intervals, and a cavity is formed between the outer box body and the inner box body; the shell is arranged on the outer box body;
the heating wire is arranged in the cavity and is electrically connected with the heat pump system component; and
the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation materials, and the heat insulation materials are filled between the outer box body and the electric heating wire.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the well-shaped air intake screen comprises:
the well-shaped air inlet screening component is arranged in the spray coating chamber and divides the spray coating chamber into a fluidized bed coating area and a solid material collecting area;
the driving assembly is arranged below the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly and used for driving the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly to lift in the spray coating chamber;
the air blower is arranged on the fixed base, connected with the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly and located below the spraying coating device and used for providing an air source for the well-shaped air inlet screening assembly so as to suspend the crystal nucleus forming fluidized bed in the spraying coating chamber.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the well-type intake air screening assembly comprises:
an air inlet sieve plate;
the grid type air inlet channel is in a grid shape and is arranged on the air inlet sieve plate; the grid type air inlet channel is connected with the blower through an air pipe;
the air inlet is arranged at the intersection of the grid type air inlet channel;
the filter screen is connected with the air inlet sieve plate and is positioned at the bottom of the grid type air inlet channel; and
the cleaning brush, the cleaning brush sets up air inlet sieve side and with the indoor inner wall butt of spraying cladding.
7. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus of claim 6, wherein the well-shaped intake air screening assembly further comprises a hood, the hood is disposed on the intake opening, and the hood is detachably connected to the intake opening; the blast cap comprises a blast cap body and a plurality of air inlet holes arranged on the blast cap body, and the air inlet direction of the air inlet holes faces downwards and forms an included angle with the horizontal plane; wherein the included angle is 30-50 degrees.
8. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the fluidized bed coating region is symmetrically provided with crystal nucleus feeding holes on the side wall, and the crystal nucleus feeding holes penetrate through the shell, the outer box and the inner box.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the driving assembly comprises a telescopic rod and a driving motor disposed on the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is disposed at the bottom end inside the spray coating tower and connected to the grid-type air inlet channel.
10. The fluidized bed spray coating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a first valve is disposed between the solid material collecting device and the solid material collecting region, and a second valve is connected between the solid material collecting device and the outside.
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| CN202010338866.9A CN111554894A (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Fluidized bed spraying coating equipment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113522125A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-10-22 | 海安智川电池材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum cladding device for lithium ion battery anode material |
| CN114191832A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-03-18 | 宜宾锂宝新材料有限公司 | Integrated drying and coating equipment for ternary cathode material and using method of integrated drying and coating equipment |
| CN116504983A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-28 | 宜宾锂宝新材料有限公司 | Spinel lithium nickel manganese oxide positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and battery |
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2020
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113522125A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-10-22 | 海安智川电池材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum cladding device for lithium ion battery anode material |
| CN114191832A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-03-18 | 宜宾锂宝新材料有限公司 | Integrated drying and coating equipment for ternary cathode material and using method of integrated drying and coating equipment |
| CN116504983A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-28 | 宜宾锂宝新材料有限公司 | Spinel lithium nickel manganese oxide positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and battery |
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