CN111554541B - Vacuum circuit breaker - Google Patents

Vacuum circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111554541B
CN111554541B CN202010602982.7A CN202010602982A CN111554541B CN 111554541 B CN111554541 B CN 111554541B CN 202010602982 A CN202010602982 A CN 202010602982A CN 111554541 B CN111554541 B CN 111554541B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pushing
permanent magnet
limiting
contact
block
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CN202010602982.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111554541A (en
Inventor
罗兆聪
谢振雄
李锐
周冠恒
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Application filed by Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd, Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Priority to CN202010602982.7A priority Critical patent/CN111554541B/en
Publication of CN111554541A publication Critical patent/CN111554541A/en
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Publication of CN111554541B publication Critical patent/CN111554541B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666Operating arrangements

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum circuit breaker, which comprises an insulating shell, wherein a vacuum arc extinguishing cavity is arranged in the insulating shell, one end of the vacuum arc extinguishing cavity is fixedly connected with a static contact, the other end of the vacuum cavity is connected with a moving contact matched with the static contact in a sliding way, a first permanent magnet block is fixedly arranged on one side of the moving contact far away from the static contact through a support rod, at least two pushing assemblies respectively arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet block are arranged on the insulating shell, and one end of the insulating shell far away from the static contact is also connected with a pushing plate connected with an external spring energy storage device in a sliding way, when in use, the pushing assemblies can be driven by the external spring energy storage device to move, the control on the position of the moving contact is further realized through the repulsion force between permanent magnets, the action of the vacuum circuit breaker can be realized under the condition of not contacting the moving contact, when the safety protection device is used, an additional power supply or an air pump does not need to be arranged, and the safety and the reliability are better.

Description

Vacuum circuit breaker
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum circuit breakers, in particular to a vacuum circuit breaker.
Background
The vacuum circuit breaker is a switching device which takes vacuum as an arc extinguishing medium and an insulating medium, can close, bear and break normal current of an operation loop, and can also close, bear and break specified overload current at specified time, and the vacuum circuit breaker is mainly used for rapidly cutting off a fault part from a power grid when a power line or equipment has a fault so as to ensure normal movement of the fault-free part in the power grid.
Current vacuum circuit breaker is mostly through spring energy memory, pneumatic means and electromagnetic drive device drive, wherein pneumatic means and electromagnetic drive's mode, it all can not direct contact with the moving contact, its security is higher, but its limitation is great, need dispose corresponding power or air pump when using, receive external factor's influence easily during the action, and the problem of easy trouble appears, drive vacuum circuit breaker to spring energy memory, it directly contacts with the moving contact, in long-time use, the problem of electric leakage appears very easily in equipment ageing, there is certain potential safety hazard, do not accord with the user demand of high current reliability and portability.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a vacuum circuit breaker, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the normal action of the vacuum circuit breaker is realized in a pneumatic device or electromagnetic driving mode, the vacuum circuit breaker cannot respond in time easily due to external factors, a spring energy storage device is adopted for driving, and the electric leakage is easily caused by equipment aging when the vacuum circuit breaker is used for a long time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a vacuum circuit breaker comprises an insulating shell, wherein a vacuum arc extinguishing cavity is formed in the insulating shell, a fixed contact is fixedly connected to one end of the vacuum arc extinguishing cavity, and a moving contact matched with the fixed contact is slidably connected to the other end of the vacuum arc extinguishing cavity;
a first permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on one side of the moving contact far away from the static contact through a support rod, at least two pushing assemblies which are used for repelling the first permanent magnet are arranged on the insulating shell, and the pushing assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the first permanent magnet in an enclosing manner; and one end of the insulating shell, which is far away from the static contact, is also connected with a pushing plate in a sliding manner, the pushing plate is connected with an external spring energy storage device, and the pushing plate is connected with each pushing assembly through at least two fixing rods and is used for pushing the pushing assembly to be close to or far away from the first permanent magnet block and driving the moving contact to be far away from or close to the static contact.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the pushing assembly comprises a limiting assembly for limiting the first permanent magnet and a control rotating shaft rotationally connected to a fixing rod through a torsion spring, and a push rod fixedly connected with the control rotating shaft is arranged on one side of the fixing rod; the one end fixedly connected with of catch bar with first permanent-magnet complex second permanent-magnet, the other end of catch bar has spacing axle through spring sliding connection, be provided with the control panel of being connected with spacing axle on the insulating casing, the control panel is used for promoting the second permanent-magnet uses the control pivot to rotate as rotation center.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet have opposite magnetic poles.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the control plate includes a guide groove in fitting connection with the stopper shaft, and a plurality of rollers are provided on a side wall of the guide groove.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the maximum rotation angle of the second permanent magnet rotated around the control rotation shaft is 90 degrees.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, an inclined sliding groove is formed in a side of the control plate away from the limiting shaft, and the limiting shaft passes over the control plate through the sliding groove when moving towards the control plate.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the insulation housing is slidably connected to a limiting bar through a spring, the limiting bar is located on one side of the control rotating shaft away from the control board, a limiting groove is formed on one side of the control rotating shaft facing the limiting bar, and the limiting groove is engaged with the limiting bar when the second permanent magnet rotates 90 degrees around the control rotating shaft as a rotation center.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting block slidably connected to the insulating housing through a spring, a first pushing block in a trapezoidal structure is arranged on the limiting block, and a second pushing block which is matched with the first pushing block and used for accommodating the first pushing block into the insulating housing is arranged on the pushing plate.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the fixed contact includes an electrical connection block connected to an external circuit, the electrical connection block is slidably connected to a fixed contact piece for contacting the fixed contact through a spring, and a length range of the limit strip is between a minimum movement distance and a maximum movement distance of the fixed contact and the movable contact.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, at least two limiting assemblies are provided, and a numerical range of a distance between the limiting assemblies is between a minimum moving distance and a maximum moving distance of the static contact and the moving contact when the static contact and the moving contact are in contact.
The invention has the following advantages:
when the vacuum circuit breaker is used, the external spring energy storage device can drive the pushing assembly to move, the control on the position of the moving contact is further realized through the repulsive force between the permanent magnets, and the action of the vacuum circuit breaker can be realized under the condition of not contacting the moving contact; when the safety protection device is used, an additional power supply or an air pump does not need to be arranged, and the safety and the reliability are better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a push plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting block in an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.
In the figure:
1-an insulating housing; 2-vacuum arc extinguishing chamber; 3, static contact; 4-moving contact; 5-a first permanent magnet; 6-a pushing assembly; 7-pushing the board; 8-fixing the rod; 9-a limiting component; 10-a limit bar; 11-a limiting groove;
301-a power connection block; 302-static contact piece;
601-control the rotating shaft; 602-a push rod; 603-a second permanent magnet; 604-a limit shaft; 605-a control panel; 606-a guide groove; 607-a roller; 608-a chute;
901-a limiting block; 902-a first pusher block; 903-second pusher block.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a vacuum circuit breaker, which includes an insulating housing 1, a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 2 is disposed in the insulating housing 1, a fixed contact 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 2, and a movable contact 4 matched with the fixed contact 3 is slidably connected to the other end of the vacuum chamber.
The static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 are respectively connected with two ends of a circuit to realize that the circuit can be closed or disconnected by contacting or keeping away from the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4, in order to avoid the problem that poor contact is easy to occur, the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 can be provided with an embedded groove and an embedded block which are matched, and stable connection is realized by matching the embedded groove and the embedded block.
The side, far away from the static contact 3, of the moving contact 4 is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet 5 through a support rod, at least two pushing assemblies 6 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet 5 are arranged on the insulating shell 1, one end, far away from the static contact 3, of the insulating shell 1 is also connected with a pushing plate 7 connected with an external spring energy storage device in a sliding mode, the pushing plate 7 is respectively connected with the two pushing assemblies 6 through a fixing rod 8, the pushing assemblies 6 are driven through the pushing plate 7, and the pushing assemblies 6 are used for being matched with the first permanent magnet 5 to generate a pushing force to enable the moving contact 4 to be far away from or close to the static contact 3.
The external spring energy storage device is a conventional driving component in vacuum circuit breaking, energy is stored mainly through a spring, when a circuit needs to be broken, the energy can be released through the spring, and normal action of the vacuum circuit breaker is achieved through the released energy.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the pushing assembly 6 includes a limiting assembly 9 for limiting the position of the first permanent magnet 5, and a control rotating shaft 601 rotatably connected to the fixing rod 8 through a torsion spring, and a pushing rod 602 fixedly connected to the control rotating shaft 601 is disposed on one side of the fixing rod 8, where the torsion spring is mainly used for controlling a relative angle between the pushing rod 602 and the fixing rod 8 under the condition of no external force, so as to facilitate subsequent normal use.
One end of the push rod 602 is fixedly connected with a second permanent magnet 603 matched with the first permanent magnet 5, the other end of the push rod 602 is connected with a limit shaft 604 through a spring in a sliding manner, and a control panel 605 which is matched with the limit shaft 604 and is used for enabling the second permanent magnet 603 to rotate by taking the control rotating shaft 601 as a rotating center is arranged on the insulating shell 1.
The first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 are both preferably made of neodymium magnets, so that the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 can keep a sufficient distance under the condition that like poles repel each other, the effect of preventing electric leakage can be achieved through the gap when a circuit or a connecting line is disconnected, and the safety is higher.
In the using process, the pushing plate 7 drives the fixing rod 8 to move, further, the fixing rod 8 can drive the pushing rod 602 to move through the control rotating shaft 601, and the pushing rod 602 can contact with the control board 605 in the moving process, so that the pushing rod 602 rotates by an angle through the control board 605, the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 are in a homopolar opposite state, and the purpose of driving the moving contact 4 to contact with the static contact 3 can be achieved through the action of repulsion force when the pushing plate 7 is continuously driven to move.
The magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 are arranged oppositely, so that after the push rod 602 rotates for a certain angle, the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 can be in a state that like poles repel each other, and further through the generated repulsion force, the moving contact 4 is pushed to contact with or be away from the static contact 3 under the condition of no contact, so that the problem that an external spring energy storage device is connected with the moving contact 4, the electric leakage problem is easy to occur when the device is used for a long time and the functional safety hazard exists.
The control board 605 comprises a guide groove 606 matched with the limit shaft 604, dense rollers 607 are arranged on the side wall of the guide groove 606, the opening position of one end of the guide groove 606 and the control rotating shaft 601 are on the same vertical plane, and the relative distance between the opening position and the other opening position is not larger than the distance between the limit shaft 604 and the control rotating shaft 601, so that in the using process, the limit shaft 604 can be gradually deflected through the guide groove 606 until the push rod 602 is driven to rotate for a certain angle on the original basis, and the purpose that the homopolar repulsion of the first permanent magnet 5 and the homopolar repulsion of the second permanent magnet 603 are realized.
The roller 607 is mainly used to convert the sliding friction between the limiting shaft 604 and the guiding groove 606 into rolling friction, so as to avoid the problem that the normal rotation of the push rod 602 is affected due to the large friction force therebetween.
The control plate 605 makes the maximum rotation angle of the second permanent magnet 603 to rotate around the control rotating shaft 601 as the rotation center 90 degrees by the engagement of the limit shaft 604 and the guide groove 606.
That is, after the push rod 602 rotates 90 degrees, the second permanent magnet 603 can be driven to move to a state parallel to the first permanent magnet 5, so as to further ensure the stability of the repulsive force.
The inclined sliding groove 608 is formed in one side, away from the limiting shaft 604, of the control plate 605, when the limiting shaft 604 moves towards the control plate 605, the limiting shaft 604 passes over the control plate 605 through the sliding groove 608, the sliding groove 608 mainly ensures that the limiting shaft 604 can normally pass over the control plate 605 when one of the pushing rods 602 resets, that is, when one of the pushing components 6 drives the movable contact 4 to contact with or move away from the fixed contact 3, the two pushing components 6 are driven by one pushing plate 7, so that the problem that the pushing rod 602 reciprocates is involved, and further, the problem that the control plate 605 influences the normal movement of the pushing rod 602 is avoided through the sliding groove 608.
The insulation shell 1 is connected with a limit strip 10 located on one side of the control rotating shaft 601 far away from the control board 605 through a spring in a sliding manner, a limit groove 11 is formed in one side of the control rotating shaft 601 facing the limit strip 10, the limit groove 11 is embedded with the limit strip 10 after the second permanent magnet 603 rotates for 90 degrees by taking the control rotating shaft 601 as a rotation center, and the length of the limit strip 10 is located between the minimum movement distance and the maximum movement distance of the static contact 3 and the movable contact 4 when in contact.
In the using process, the pushing rod 602 can drive the second permanent magnet 603 to rotate 90 degrees through the matching of the limiting shaft 604 and the guide groove 606, so that the first permanent magnet 5 is matched to generate repulsive force, after the pushing rod rotates 90 degrees, the limiting strip 10 and the limiting groove 11 can be located at the same position, further, the limiting strip 10 and the limiting groove 11 can be embedded under the action of the spring, the current angular position of the pushing rod 602 is fixed until the pushing rod pushes the moving contact 4 to be contacted with the fixed contact 3 through the repulsive force, the limiting strip 10 can be separated from the embedding with the limiting groove 11 after the pushing rod continues to move for a distance, further, under the action of the torsion spring and the repulsive force, the second permanent magnet 603 can be accommodated into the insulating shell 1, and the problem that the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 are in a repulsive state for a long time and demagnetization is easy to occur is solved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the limiting component 9 includes a limiting block 901 slidably connected to the insulating housing 1 through a spring and having an inclined structure on one side, a first pushing block 902 having a trapezoid structure is disposed on the limiting block 901, and a second pushing block 903 matched with the first pushing block 902 and used for accommodating the first pushing block 902 into the insulating housing 1 is disposed on the pushing plate 7.
After the second pushing block 903 is in contact with the first pushing block 902, the second pushing block 903 moves continuously to push the first pushing block 902 to move, and further the limiting block 901 can be accommodated in the insulating shell, so that the first permanent magnet 5 can move freely.
In the practical use process, the push rod 602 firstly rotates 90 degrees through the control board 605, in the process, the second push block 903 can be gradually close to the first push block 902, meanwhile, the limit strip 10 can be matched with the limit groove 11 due to the 90-degree rotation of the push rod 602, the current angle of the push rod 602 is fixed, the motion of the push rod 602 is continuously driven, the motion of the second push block 903 is synchronously driven, the limit block 901 is accommodated in the insulating shell 1 through the first push block 902, at this time, the first permanent magnet 5 can freely move, the motion of the first permanent magnet 5 is continuously pushed through the second permanent magnet 603, the first permanent magnet 5 can gradually move to another limit component 9, the position of the first permanent magnet 5 is limited through another limit component 9, the limit strip 10 can be separated from the limit groove 11 by the continuous motion, therefore, under the action of the repulsive force and the torsion spring, the second permanent magnet block 603 is accommodated in the insulating housing 1, and the moving contact 4 is contacted with or separated from the static contact 3.
The static contact 3 comprises a power connection block 301 connected with an external circuit, the power connection block 301 is connected with at least two static contacts 302 in a sliding mode through springs, the distance between the two limiting assemblies 9 is located between the minimum movement distance and the maximum movement distance of the static contact 3 and the movable contact 4 when the static contact 3 and the movable contact 4 are in contact, the static contact 3 arranged here mainly achieves the buffering effect through the matching of the power connection block 301 and the static contacts 302 and is used for providing a certain buffering distance for the push rod 602, so that the second permanent magnet 603 can be accommodated into the insulating shell 1 after the position of the movable contact 4 is adjusted while the stable contact between the movable contact 4 and the static contact 3 is ensured, and the problem of demagnetization of the first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 603 can be effectively avoided.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. A vacuum circuit breaker is characterized by comprising an insulating shell (1), wherein a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (2) is arranged in the insulating shell (1), a static contact (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (2), and a movable contact (4) matched with the static contact (3) is slidably connected to the other end of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (2);
a first permanent magnet block (5) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the static contact (3), of the moving contact (4) through a support rod, at least two pushing assemblies (6) which are used for repelling the first permanent magnet block (5) are arranged on the insulating shell (1), and the pushing assemblies (6) are arranged on the outer side of the first permanent magnet block (5) in a surrounding manner; a pushing plate (7) connected with an external spring energy storage device is further connected to one end, far away from the static contact (3), of the insulating shell (1) in a sliding mode, the pushing plate (7) is connected with each pushing assembly (6) through at least two fixing rods (8) and used for pushing the pushing assemblies (6) to be close to or far away from the first permanent magnet block (5) and driving the moving contact (4) to be far away from or close to the static contact (3);
the pushing assembly (6) comprises a limiting assembly (9) for limiting the first permanent magnet (5) and a control rotating shaft (601) which is rotatably connected to a fixing rod (8) through a torsion spring, and a pushing rod (602) fixedly connected with the control rotating shaft (601) is arranged on one side of the fixing rod (8); one end of the push rod (602) is fixedly connected with a second permanent magnet (603) matched with the first permanent magnet (5), the other end of the push rod (602) is connected with a limiting shaft (604) in a sliding mode through a spring, a control plate (605) connected with the limiting shaft (604) is arranged on the insulating shell (1), and the control plate (605) is used for pushing the second permanent magnet (603) to rotate by taking the control rotating shaft (601) as a rotating center;
the first permanent magnet block (5) and the second permanent magnet block (603) have opposite magnetic poles.
2. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the control board (605) comprises a guide groove (606) engaged with the stopper shaft (604), and a plurality of rollers (607) are disposed on a side wall of the guide groove (606).
3. A vacuum interrupter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the maximum rotation angle of the second permanent magnet (603) around the control shaft (601) is 90 degrees.
4. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein a side of the control board (605) away from the limit shaft (604) is provided with a chute (608) in a tilted shape, and the limit shaft (604) passes over the control board (605) through the chute (608) when moving towards the control board (605).
5. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein a position-limiting bar (10) is slidably connected to the insulating housing (1) through a spring, the position-limiting bar (10) is located on a side of the control shaft (601) away from the control board (605), a position-limiting groove (11) is formed on a side of the control shaft (601) facing the position-limiting bar (10), and when the second permanent magnet (603) rotates 90 degrees around the control shaft (601), the position-limiting groove (11) is engaged with the position-limiting bar (10).
6. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the limiting assembly (9) comprises a limiting block (901) slidably connected to the insulating housing (1) through a spring, a first pushing block (902) having a trapezoid structure is disposed on the limiting block (901), and a second pushing block (903) matched with the first pushing block (902) and used for receiving the first pushing block (902) into the insulating housing (1) is disposed on the pushing plate (7).
7. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the fixed contact (3) comprises an electricity connection block (301) connected with an external line, a fixed contact piece (302) for contacting with the fixed contact (3) is slidably connected to the electricity connection block (301) through a spring, and the length of the limit strip (10) ranges between the minimum movement distance and the maximum movement distance of the fixed contact (3) contacting with the movable contact (4).
8. A vacuum interrupter as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that there are at least two limiting assemblies (9), and the distance between the limiting assemblies (9) ranges between the minimum moving distance and the maximum moving distance of the stationary contact (3) and the movable contact (4) when they are in contact.
CN202010602982.7A 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Vacuum circuit breaker Active CN111554541B (en)

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