CN111553565B - Performance evaluation method and system for online monitoring device of transformer substation - Google Patents
Performance evaluation method and system for online monitoring device of transformer substation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance evaluation method and a system for online monitoring devices of a transformer substation, and relates to the field of power grid monitoring. The invention effectively removes the influence and the evaluation uncertainty caused by subjectivity, and enhances the evaluation rationality of the on-line monitoring device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power grid monitoring, in particular to a performance evaluation method and system for a transformer substation online monitoring device.
Background
At present, an online monitoring technology provides important technical support for safe and reliable operation of power grid equipment, and the safe and stable operation of the whole power system is maintained in a more efficient mode. However, in practice, the online monitoring device has the problems of poor operation accuracy, much device data interference, poor data stability and the like, and an operation and maintenance unit is required to recalibrate the system, so that the practicability of online monitoring data is reduced while a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. On one hand, the problems are caused because the product quality of each manufacturer is good and irregular, and the device is not regularly detected before being networked, so that the accuracy of new installation and the operation process is problematic; on one hand, the data transmission of the device is not standard, and the manufacturer does not configure according to a specified uniform template; on the other hand, the online monitoring method is caused by improper management modes of various parts of cities, and most importantly, different experts have different preferences in the online monitoring process, and the evaluation process is based on autonomous evaluation, so that great subjective factors exist among monitoring and evaluation results.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the evaluation result is not objective enough due to subjective factors in the online monitoring process in the prior art, the invention provides the performance evaluation method and the system for the online monitoring device of the transformer substation
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a performance evaluation method for a transformer substation online monitoring device comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining an evaluation main body in the evaluation process of the online monitoring device according to the evaluated equipment type, and giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at various evaluation indexes according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests by the evaluation main body to form evaluation vectors;
step 2: normalizing the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject to the evaluation object, so that the score is only kept in a set constant interval;
and step 3: calculating dispersion of virtual evaluation values, calculating the weight of each evaluation index based on a subjective weakening method, determining subjective participation coefficients of each evaluation subject according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting the given evaluation values based on the subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects, repeating the process until the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values is kept in a set error range, and determining the virtual evaluation values as group evaluation values;
and 4, step 4: and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation value.
A performance evaluation system for on-line monitoring device of transformer substation comprises
The input unit is used for giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at all the evaluation indexes according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests so as to form evaluation vectors;
a first calculation unit configured to perform normalization processing on an evaluation value given to an evaluation target by an evaluation subject so that a score remains only in a section set to be constant;
a second calculation unit for calculating dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, calculating weights of the evaluation indexes based on a subjective weakening method, determining subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting evaluation values given by the evaluation subjects based on the subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects, repeating the above process until the difference between two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values remains within a set error range, determining the virtual evaluation values as group evaluation values, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation values; and
an output unit for outputting the integrated evaluation value result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts an evaluation method for weakening the subjective factors of experts to reduce the objective influence of the subjective factors of the experts to the minimum, establishes a undetermined virtual evaluation value aiming at the evaluation index of each online monitoring device, circularly optimizes the virtual evaluation values by utilizing the expert evaluation result and the virtual evaluation value dispersion minimization method, and leads the final result to be continuously close to the objective value after one-time optimization. Through the operation, influences and evaluation uncertainty caused by subjectivity are effectively removed, and evaluation rationality of the online monitoring device is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an on-line monitoring device performance evaluation index system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Example (b):
due to the simplicity of subjective autonomous evaluation, the method is popular in evaluation application, and in the application of the evaluation method of the online monitoring device, the evaluation method adopting the subjective autonomous evaluation is relatively more. However, in subjective autonomous evaluation, the difference of evaluation values between different evaluation members is large, and different experts have own bias on evaluation indexes, so that the quality of online monitoring equipment of different manufacturers cannot be objectively reflected by adopting the subjective autonomous evaluation method.
Referring to fig. 1, a performance evaluation method for a transformer substation online monitoring device includes the following steps:
step 1: and determining an evaluation main body in the evaluation process of the online monitoring device according to the evaluated equipment type, and giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at each evaluation index according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests by the evaluation main body so as to form an evaluation vector.
In this embodiment, the performance evaluation content of the on-line monitoring device is divided into seven major parts, namely, information collection and processing capability, communication capability, data storage capability, correct alarm capability of equipment, insulation protection capability, test experiment parameters, and intelligentization and reliability level, each part is composed of a plurality of evaluation indexes, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) information collection and processing capabilities: the information collection capability comprises state parameters such as data accuracy, collection speed and collection precision of the sensor;
(2) communication capability: including state parameters such as data transmission rate, data transfer function, data transmission accuracy, data transmission complexity, etc.
(3) Data storage capacity: the term includes state parameters such as data extraction speed, data storage capacity, and data loss rate.
(4) Correct alarm capability of the device: namely, the state parameters including alarm speed, alarm accuracy, device false alarm rate and the like.
(5) Insulation protection capability: the insulating performance parameters obtained in various insulating performance tests are used for describing the quality of the insulating performance, so that the insulating performance of the device is described, and the device mainly comprises the insulating performance and the shell protection performance.
(6) Testing experimental parameters: the state quantity of the item comprises state parameters obtained by mechanical performance tests, electromagnetic compatibility tests, environmental adaptability tests and the like.
(7) Intelligentized and reliable level: including the number of self-diagnoses and the device failure rate describing the reliability of the device, which is an important state parameter describing the reliability of the device.
The performance evaluation of the on-line monitoring device has certain complexity. Although the experimental indexes have strong objectivity, the non-experimental indexes have different preferences due to different experts in the evaluation process, the evaluation process is based on autonomous evaluation, and great subjective factors exist among evaluation results. In order to obtain more accurate evaluation results, subjective factors in the evaluation process must be filtered out.
According to the performance evaluation index system of the on-line monitoring device, E ═ E1, E2, … and E17 of evaluation objects can be set, namely 17 evaluation indexes in the performance evaluation index system of the on-line monitoring device, and the index set N of the evaluation objects is {1,2, … and 17}, in practical application, the index number is selected according to an actual device. In order to accurately evaluate the performance of the monitoring device, the degree of performance is represented by a score. Determining, from the type of equipment evaluated, the expert studying the type of monitoring device, i.e. the subject of evaluation O during the evaluation of the on-line monitoring devicei. Evaluation subject OiAccording to parameters obtained by various equipment evaluative tests, corresponding scores are marked for various evaluation indexes, the performance of the index ai is evaluated in a marking mode, and an evaluation vector is xi＝{xi1,xi2,…,xin}，OiThe evaluation value for each index is noted as: x is the number ofi＝{x1,x2,…,xn}. If the evaluation subject is missing or some index gives missing evaluation value in the scoring process of the device, the i value of the evaluation subject and the n value of the evaluation vector should be changed correspondingly, and the changed values are substituted into the model calculation again. For example, 1 value of evaluation index is missing, the ith missing, i.e., the evaluation vector is xi＝{xi1,xi2,…,xi(n-1)}。
In order to better evaluate the performance of the on-line monitoring device, the scoring process of the evaluation subject follows a certain scoring principle, the scoring principle scores according to the test results of the test items of each index in the established evaluation index system, each test item is strictly carried out according to the general technical specification of the on-line monitoring device of the convertor equipment, the technical guide of the on-line monitoring system of the convertor equipment and the corresponding national standard, and each evaluation expert autonomously scores each index after comparing the test results of each item with the corresponding national standard.
Step 2: and normalizing the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject to the evaluation object so that the score is only kept in a set constant interval. In order to make the evaluation results easier to compare and more intuitive, the evaluation scores given by the evaluation subjects to the evaluation objects are normalized, so that the scores are only kept in a constant interval, and the problems of large difference of the evaluation results and no comparability are prevented.
In the present embodiment, the evaluation value is normalized according to the following equation:
in the formula
For normalized evaluation value, i is equipment type, j is evaluation index, and score normalized value is in interval [ m0,m1]In the following, for convenience, x is still usedijIndicating normalized evaluation value
And step 3: calculating the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, calculating the weight of each evaluation index based on a subjective weakening method, determining the subjective participation coefficient of each evaluation subject according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting the given evaluation value based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject, repeating the above processes until the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values is kept in a set error range, and determining the virtual evaluation value as a group evaluation value.
In this embodiment, after the evaluation values are normalized, the virtual evaluation value dispersion is calculated
Let the virtual evaluation value be
Virtual evaluation value
In the interval [ m0,m1]In the method, the dispersion of the virtual evaluation value is calculated according to the following formula, and the virtual evaluation value is calculated for the first time because the subsequent optimization needs to be continuously circulated
Virtual time-of-flight evaluation value
Can be in the interval [ m0,m1]The method is arbitrarily selected.
In the formula
To evaluate subject OiFor evaluation index eiThe deviation of the evaluation value of (a) from the virtual evaluation value.
The number of indexes in a performance evaluation index system of the online monitoring device of the converter equipment is numerous, and the weight of each index does not have a perfect measuring standard at present, so that a weight calculation method in a comprehensive evaluation method based on a subjective weakening method is adopted in the system, and the weight of each evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula
For the evaluation ofFor the index of (1), evaluation subject OiThe weight of (c); alpha and beta are respectively undetermined variables participating in evaluation.
The undetermined virtual evaluation value of the evaluation index is continuously close to the objective performance of the evaluation index through cyclic optimization, so that the deviation between the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject and the virtual evaluation value is determined for the evaluation object
The larger the score, the more subjective factors of the evaluation subject participate, and the weight of the score
The smaller the value of (c) will be, and vice versa.
Determining subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects according to the dispersion of the evaluation values of the evaluation indexes given by the evaluation subjects and the virtual evaluation values; on the basis, the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject is adjusted based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject so as to reduce the subjective factor of the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject. The subjective participation coefficient of each subject was determined according to the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the subjective participation coefficient,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
in order to filter out subjective factors from the evaluation result, the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject is adjusted according to the subjective participation coefficient. The method for adjusting the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject comprises the following steps:
in the formula
For adjusted evaluation value, xijIn order to evaluate the value before the adjustment,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
performing loop optimization according to the adjusted values, and performing the above calculation again until the group evaluation value and the virtual evaluation value are kept within the required error range, such as the difference between two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values in the present embodiment
If the virtual evaluation value is kept within the set error range, the virtual evaluation value is determined as a group evaluation value, where yjTo be the group evaluation value,
is a virtual evaluation value.
And 4, step 4: and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation value.
The subjective weakened evaluation values obtained according to the algorithm are converted into a single parameter through a corresponding comprehensive algorithm, so that the comprehensive parameter can be used for performance evaluation of the monitoring device. Obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation value:
Y＝wjyj,(j∈N)
wherein Y is a comprehensive evaluation value, wjTo evaluate the weight value, yjIs a group evaluation value.
The final group evaluation value is a result obtained by multiple subjective weakening, and the value directly reflects the size of the evaluation quantity, so that the final group evaluation value is used as a reference evaluation value of each evaluation component, and seven major parts of information collection and processing capacity, communication capacity, data storage capacity, equipment correct alarm capacity, insulation protection capacity, test experiment parameters and intelligentization and reliability levels in the embodiment can be obtained
Y＝w1*y1+w2*y2…wj*yj…+w7*y7
Wherein, wjThe estimated weight value of the jth parameter value can be obtained by applying an expert method; y isjAnd obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value Y according to the formula for the jth group evaluation value, evaluating the performance of the monitoring devices by utilizing the size of Y, and completing the optimization of the monitoring devices of the same type.
The invention adopts an evaluation method for weakening the subjective factors of experts to reduce the objective influence of the subjective factors of the experts to the minimum, establishes a undetermined virtual evaluation value aiming at the evaluation index of each online monitoring device, circularly optimizes the virtual evaluation values by utilizing the expert evaluation result and the virtual evaluation value dispersion minimization method, and leads the final result to be continuously close to the objective value after one-time optimization. Through the operation, influences and evaluation uncertainty caused by subjectivity are effectively removed, and evaluation rationality of the online monitoring device is enhanced.
Meanwhile, the performance evaluation system of the online monitoring device of the transformer substation comprises an input unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit and an output unit, wherein the input unit is used for giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at various evaluation indexes according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests to form evaluation vectors; the first calculation unit is used for carrying out standardization processing on an evaluation value given by an evaluation subject to an evaluation object, so that the score is only kept in a set constant interval; the second calculation unit is used for calculating the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, calculating the weight of each evaluation index based on a subjective weakening method, determining the subjective participation coefficient of each evaluation subject according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting the given evaluation value based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject, repeating the process until the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values is kept in a set error range, determining the virtual evaluation value as a group evaluation value, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation value; the output unit is used for outputting the comprehensive evaluation value result.
Further, in the first calculation unit, the evaluation value is normalized according to the following expression:
in the formula
For normalized evaluation value, i is equipment type, j is evaluation index, and score normalized value is in interval [ m0,m1]And (4) the following steps.
Further, in the second calculation unit, the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values is calculated according to the following equation
In the interval [ m0,m1]Internal:
in the formula
Evaluation value x of evaluation index for evaluation subjectijAnd virtual evaluation value
Dispersion of (2);
the weight of each evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula
A weight as an evaluation index; alpha and beta are respectively undetermined variables participating in evaluation.
Further, in the second calculation unit, the subjective participation coefficient of each evaluation subject is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the subjective participation coefficient,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
the method for adjusting the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject comprises the following steps:
in the formula
For adjusted evaluation value, xijIn order to evaluate the value before the adjustment,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
when the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values
If the virtual evaluation value is kept within the set error range, the virtual evaluation value is determined as a group evaluation value, where yjTo be the group evaluation value,
is a virtual evaluation value.
Further, in the output unit, a comprehensive evaluation value is obtained from the group evaluation value:
Y＝wjyj,(j∈N)
wherein Y is a comprehensive evaluation value, wjTo evaluate the weight value, yjIs a group evaluation value.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A performance evaluation method for an online monitoring device of a transformer substation is characterized in that the performance evaluation method is used for performance evaluation of the online monitoring device, wherein the performance evaluation content of the online monitoring device is divided into seven major parts, namely information collection and processing capacity, communication capacity, data storage capacity, equipment correct alarm capacity, insulation protection capacity, test experiment parameters and intelligentization and reliability level, each part is composed of a plurality of evaluation indexes, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining an evaluation main body in the evaluation process of the online monitoring device according to the evaluated equipment type, and giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at various evaluation indexes according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests by the evaluation main body to form evaluation vectors;
step 2: normalizing the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject to the evaluation object, so that the score is only kept in a set constant interval;
and step 3: calculating dispersion of virtual evaluation values, calculating the weight of each evaluation index based on a subjective weakening method, determining subjective participation coefficients of each evaluation subject according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting the given evaluation values based on the subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects, repeating the process until the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values is kept in a set error range, and determining the virtual evaluation values as group evaluation values;
and 4, step 4: obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation value;
in step 3, the subjective participation coefficient of each evaluation subject is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the subjective participation coefficient,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
the method for adjusting the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject comprises the following steps:
in the formula
For adjusted evaluation value, xijIn order to evaluate the value before the adjustment,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
when the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values
If the virtual evaluation value is kept within the set error range, the virtual evaluation value is determined as a group evaluation value, where yjTo be the group evaluation value,
is a virtual evaluation value.
2. The performance evaluation method for the online substation monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the evaluation value is normalized according to the following formula:
in the formula
For normalized evaluation value, i is equipment type, j is evaluation index, and score normalized value is in interval [ m0,m1]And (4) the following steps.
3. The substation online monitoring device performance evaluation method according to claim 2,
in step 3, the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values is calculated according to the following formula
In the interval [ m0,m1]Internal:
in the formula
Evaluation value x of evaluation index for evaluation subjectijAnd virtual evaluation value
Dispersion of (2);
the weight of each evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula
A weight as an evaluation index; alpha and beta are respectively undetermined variables participating in evaluation.
4. The performance evaluation method of the online substation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the comprehensive evaluation value is obtained according to the group evaluation value:
Y＝wjyj,(j∈N)
wherein Y is a comprehensive evaluation value, wjTo evaluate the weight value, yjIs a group evaluation value.
5. A performance evaluation system of an online monitoring device of a transformer substation is characterized by comprising
The input unit is used for giving corresponding evaluation values aiming at all the evaluation indexes according to data obtained by various equipment evaluation tests so as to form evaluation vectors;
a first calculation unit configured to perform normalization processing on an evaluation value given to an evaluation target by an evaluation subject so that a score remains only in a section set to be constant;
a second calculation unit for calculating dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, calculating weights of the evaluation indexes based on a subjective weakening method, determining subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects according to the dispersion of the virtual evaluation values, adjusting evaluation values given by the evaluation subjects based on the subjective participation coefficients of the evaluation subjects, repeating the above process until the difference between two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values remains within a set error range, determining the virtual evaluation values as group evaluation values, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value according to the group evaluation values; and
an output unit for outputting a comprehensive evaluation value result;
wherein, in the second calculation unit, the subjective participation coefficient of each evaluation subject is determined according to the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the subjective participation coefficient,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
the method for adjusting the evaluation value given by the evaluation subject based on the subjective participation coefficient of the evaluation subject comprises the following steps:
in the formula
For adjusted evaluation value, xijIn order to evaluate the value before the adjustment,
is the deviation of the evaluation value from the virtual evaluation value;
when the difference value of two or more adjacent virtual evaluation values
If the virtual evaluation value is kept within the set error range, the virtual evaluation value is determined as a group evaluation value, where yjTo be the group evaluation value,
is a virtual evaluation value.
6. The substation online monitoring device performance evaluation system according to claim 5, wherein in the first calculation unit, the evaluation value is normalized according to the following formula:
in the formula
For normalized evaluation value, i is equipment type, j is evaluation index, and score normalized value is in interval [ m0,m1]And (4) the following steps.
7. The substation online monitoring device performance evaluation system according to claim 6, wherein in the second calculation unit, a dispersion of virtual evaluation values is calculated according to the following formula, wherein the virtual evaluation values
In the interval [ m0,m1]Internal:
in the formula
Evaluation value x of evaluation index for evaluation subjectijAnd virtual evaluation value
Dispersion of (2);
the weight of each evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula
A weight as an evaluation index; alpha and beta are respectively undetermined variables participating in evaluation.
8. The substation online monitoring device performance evaluation system according to claim 7, wherein in the output unit, a comprehensive evaluation value is obtained from a group evaluation value:
Y＝wjyj,(j∈N)
wherein Y is a comprehensive evaluation value, wjTo evaluate the weight value, yjIs a group evaluation value.
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