CN111552914A - Electric load calculation method and device based on motor shaft power - Google Patents

Electric load calculation method and device based on motor shaft power Download PDF

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CN111552914A
CN111552914A CN202010450587.1A CN202010450587A CN111552914A CN 111552914 A CN111552914 A CN 111552914A CN 202010450587 A CN202010450587 A CN 202010450587A CN 111552914 A CN111552914 A CN 111552914A
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CN111552914B (en
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李刚
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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Abstract

The disclosure relates to the field of electrical technologies, and in particular to a method and a device for calculating an electrical load based on motor shaft power. The power load calculation method is used for calculating the power load of a power system to which a motor is connected, and includes: acquiring the maximum shaft power and rated power of a motor; acquiring operation parameters of the motor corresponding to rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate; calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters; and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power. The power load calculation method can realize quantitative calculation of the power load, and does not depend on experience coefficients or experience indexes, so that the calculation result is closer to the actual operation condition.

Description

Electric load calculation method and device based on motor shaft power
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of electrical technologies, and in particular to a method and a device for calculating an electrical load based on motor shaft power.
Background
In an electric power system, the calculation of the power load is not only an important component for electrical design, but also a basis for designing a power supply and distribution system. At present, common power load calculation methods include a coefficient method, a utilization coefficient method and a unit index method, but these methods all depend on a selected empirical coefficient or an empirical index in the calculation process, the calculation result is greatly influenced by human factors, and if the calculation result is improperly selected, the calculation result is easily deviated from the actual operation condition.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute prior art that is known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power load calculation method and a power load calculation device based on motor shaft power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows:
according to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power load calculation method based on motor shaft power for calculating a power load of a power system to which a motor is connected, the power load calculation method including:
acquiring the maximum shaft power and rated power of the motor;
acquiring operation parameters of the motor corresponding to the rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate;
calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters;
and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameters include shaft power, efficiency, and power factor.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculated active power satisfies a first relation as follows:
Figure BDA0002507372170000021
in the formula ,PCIs that it isCalculating active power; pZIs the maximum shaft power; pZ1Is the shaft power, P, of the motor at a first reference load factorZ2η for the shaft power of the motor at a second reference load factor1For the efficiency of the motor at a first reference load factor, η2Is the efficiency of the motor at a second reference load rate.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculated reactive power satisfies the following second relation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000022
in the formula ,QCCalculating reactive power for the said; and is
Figure BDA0002507372170000023
wherein ,
Figure BDA0002507372170000024
is the power factor of the motor at a first reference load rate,
Figure BDA0002507372170000025
is the power factor of the motor at a second reference load rate.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first reference load factor is 100%, and the second reference load factor is 75%.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the electric machines is plural, and the calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power includes:
summing the calculated active power of each motor, and multiplying the sum by a coefficient of the calculated active power so as to obtain the total active load of the power system;
and summing the calculated reactive power of each motor, and multiplying the sum by a coefficient of the calculated reactive power so as to obtain the reactive total load of the power system.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the active total load is in a third relationship as follows:
Figure BDA0002507372170000031
wherein, P is the total active load; pCiCalculating active power for each of said electrical machines, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑pAnd calculating the active power simultaneous coefficient.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the reactive total load is a fourth relation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000032
in the formula, Q is the reactive total load; qCiCalculating reactive power for each of said motors, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑qCalculating a reactive power simultaneous coefficient for the calculating.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, K∑pHas a value range of 0.85-1, K∑qThe value range of (a) is 0.95-1.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power load calculation apparatus based on motor shaft power for calculating a power load of a power system to which a motor is connected, the power load calculation apparatus including:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum shaft power and the rated power of the motor; and the number of the first and second groups,
the method comprises the steps of obtaining operation parameters of the motor corresponding to rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters; and the number of the first and second groups,
and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
According to the method and the device for calculating the electric load based on the motor shaft power, in the actual calculation process, firstly, the maximum shaft power and the rated power of a motor are obtained; secondly, acquiring operation parameters of the motor corresponding to the rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate; then, calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor at rated power by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters; and finally, calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
That is to say, the method and the device for calculating the power load are based on the maximum shaft power of the motor, sample parameters of the motor are selected based on the rated power of the motor, then the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor at the rated power are calculated, and finally a specific calculation formula of the power load is obtained according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
Therefore, the method and the device for calculating the power load based on the motor shaft power can realize the quantitative calculation of the power load, and on one hand, the method and the device do not depend on experience coefficients or experience indexes any more, so that the calculation result is closer to the actual operation condition; on the other hand, the power and the quantity of the motors can be adjusted by staff based on the power load, and stable operation of the motors and the power system can be further guaranteed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating an electrical load based on motor shaft power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a simplified circuit diagram of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure.
The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the primary technical ideas of the disclosure.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the "up" component will become the "down" component. Other relative terms, such as "high," "low," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," and the like are also intended to have similar meanings.
When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure. The terms "a," "an," "the," and the like are used to denote the presence of one or more elements/components/parts; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first" and "second", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a power load calculation method based on motor shaft power, which is used for calculating the power load of a power system connected with a motor.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the electric load based on the shaft power of the motor may include the following steps:
step S110, acquiring the maximum shaft power and rated power of the motor;
step S120, acquiring operation parameters of the motor corresponding to rated power and at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate;
step S130, calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters;
and step S140, calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
That is to say, the power load calculation method is based on the maximum shaft power of the motor, selects the sample parameters of the motor based on the rated power of the motor, calculates the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor at the rated power, and finally obtains the specific calculation formula of the power load according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
Therefore, the power load calculation method based on the motor shaft power can realize the quantitative calculation of the power load, and on one hand, the calculation result is closer to the actual operation condition without depending on experience coefficients or experience indexes; on the other hand, the power and the quantity of the motors can be adjusted by staff based on the power load, and stable operation of the motors and the power system can be further guaranteed.
The following describes in detail the steps of the method for calculating an electrical load based on the power of a motor shaft according to the embodiment of the present disclosure:
in step S110, the maximum shaft power and the rated power of the motor are acquired.
Specifically, firstly, the maximum shaft power of the motor can be determined according to the operation condition of the motor; then, the rated power corresponding to the maximum shaft power can be obtained by multiplying the maximum shaft power by a constant coefficient (the constant coefficient is more than 1, and the specific value is not specially limited).
For example, when the motor is a water pump, the maximum shaft power of the water pump can be calculated by the flow and the lift required by the water pump when the water pump operates under the maximum working condition; when the motor is a fan, the maximum shaft power of the fan can be calculated by the air volume and the air pressure required by the fan when the motor operates under the maximum working condition; in this way, the rated power of the water pump corresponding to the maximum shaft power of the water pump and the rated power of the fan corresponding to the maximum shaft power of the fan can be obtained.
It is to be noted that the shaft power of the electric machine in actual operation may be smaller than the maximum shaft power, and accordingly, the rated power of the electric machine in actual operation may be smaller than the maximum rated power (rated power corresponding to the maximum shaft power), that is: the number of rated powers of the motor may be plural and will not be described in detail here.
In engineering practice, of course, the maximum shaft power and the rated powers of the motor are displayed on the nameplate, so that the maximum shaft power and the rated power of the motor can be directly read from the nameplate of the motor.
In step S120, operating parameters of the electric machine at the first reference load factor and the second reference load factor are acquired, corresponding to the rated power.
As already mentioned, the number of rated powers of the electric machine can be multiple, so that after selecting one rated power, the operating parameters of the electric machine at the first reference load factor and the second reference load factor, in particular, the shaft power, the efficiency and the power factor of the electric machine at different load factors can be read from the name plate of the electric machine, and will not be described in detail here.
The first and second reference load rates are typically available from a motor manufacturer sample, for example, the first reference load rate may be 100% and the second reference load rate may be 75%; alternatively, the first reference load factor may be 75%, and the second reference load factor may be 50%, which is not particularly limited herein.
In step S130, the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor are calculated by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters, and detailed analysis is performed:
a simplified circuit diagram of the motor is shown in fig. 2, in which: resistance R0And a resistance R1Inductance X, related to the iron, copper and mechanical loss characteristics of the machine0And an inductor X1Resistance R, related to excitation and leakage characteristics of the machine0Resistance R1Inductor X0And an inductance X1The motor has inherent characteristics, namely: resistance R0Resistance R1Inductor X0And an inductance X1Are all fixed values; resistance RZShaft power corresponding to the motor output, namely: rZTo varying values, at RZWhen the maximum value is taken, the shaft power output by the motor is the maximum shaft power PZ。
Recording resistor R0The active loss generated is P'0Due to R0Is a fixed value, so P'0The loss is fixed. According to the principles of electromechanics, RZImpedance of (2) is far greater than R1 and X1Sum, so RZThe voltage across may be approximately U0A current flowing therethrough is
Figure BDA0002507372170000071
Further can obtain the value of R1The active power loss is generated as
Figure BDA0002507372170000072
And is
Figure BDA0002507372170000073
Then, the shaft power P of the motor at the first reference load factor is determinedZ1Shaft power P of the motor at the second reference load factorZ2Efficiency η of the motor at the first reference load factor1And efficiency η of the motor at a second reference load rate2In the above formula, η1 and η2Available from the motor manufacturer and not described in detail herein.
Since the derivation of the above equation is based on a single phase circuit diagram (fig. 2), and the motor is actually three-phase, consider that three phases can be transformed into the equation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000081
wherein the rated voltage
Figure BDA0002507372170000082
The two formulas are subjected to subtraction and arrangement to obtain R1 and P‘0The values are respectively:
Figure BDA0002507372170000083
thereby, the maximum shaft power P is obtained at the shaft power of the motorZWhile its active loss PDecrease in the thickness of the steelIs composed of
Figure BDA0002507372170000084
Note the book
Figure BDA0002507372170000085
Then
Figure BDA0002507372170000086
Thus, the calculated active power P of the motorCThe following first relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0002507372170000087
in addition, the inductance X is recorded0The resulting reactive loss is Q'0Due to X0Is a fixed value, so Q'0The loss is fixed. At the same time, the inductance X1Generating a reactive loss of
Figure BDA0002507372170000088
From this the following equation can be derived:
Figure BDA0002507372170000091
then, the shaft power P of the motor at the first reference load factor is determinedZ1Shaft power P of the motor at the second reference load factorZ2Efficiency η of the motor at the first reference load factor1And efficiency η of the motor at a second reference load rate2Substituting into the above equation, and considering three phases to transform the above equation into:
Figure BDA0002507372170000092
the two formulas are differentiated and are obtained by sorting:
Figure BDA0002507372170000093
thereby, the maximum shaft power P is obtained at the shaft power of the motorZWhile it calculates the reactive power QCIs composed of
Figure BDA0002507372170000094
Note the book
Figure BDA0002507372170000095
Then
Figure BDA0002507372170000096
wherein ,
Figure BDA0002507372170000097
Figure BDA0002507372170000098
is the power factor of the motor at a first reference load rate,
Figure BDA0002507372170000099
is the power factor of the motor at the second reference load rate,
Figure BDA00025073721700000910
and
Figure BDA00025073721700000911
available from the motor manufacturer and not described in detail herein.
Therefore, the reactive power Q is calculatedCSatisfies the following second relation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000101
in step S140, the power load of the power system is calculated from the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
For example, the number of the motors may be plural, and accordingly, the step S140 may include the steps of:
step S1401, summing the calculated active power of each motor, and multiplying by the calculated active power simultaneous coefficient to obtain the active total load of the power system;
step S1402, summing the calculated reactive power of each motor, and multiplying by the calculated reactive power simultaneous coefficient to obtain the reactive total load of the power system.
Specifically, the total active load P may satisfy the following third relation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000102
in the formula ,PCiCalculating the active power for each motor, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑pFor calculating active power simultaneous coefficientAnd K is∑pThe value range of (1) is 0.85-1, and is not described in detail here.
Meanwhile, the reactive total load Q may satisfy the following fourth relation:
Figure BDA0002507372170000103
in the formula ,QCiCalculating reactive power for each motor, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑qTo calculate the coefficient of reactive power simultaneity, and K∑qThe value range of (a) is 0.95-1.
Of course, the number of the electric machines may be one, and in this case, the total active load P of the power system is P ═ PCThe total reactive load Q of the power system is QCAnd will not be described in detail herein.
The disclosed embodiment also provides a power load calculation device based on motor shaft power, which is used for calculating the power load of a power system connected with a motor, and the power load calculation device can comprise an acquisition unit and a calculation unit, wherein:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum shaft power and rated power of the motor and operating parameters of the motor corresponding to the rated power and at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate; the calculating unit is used for calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters; and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
For example, the obtaining Unit and the calculating Unit may be a CPU (central Processing Unit) or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), etc., which are not described in detail herein.
It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of the components set forth in the specification. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the text and/or drawings. All of these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best mode known for carrying out the disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An electric load calculation method based on motor shaft power, for calculating an electric load of an electric system to which a motor is connected, the electric load calculation method comprising:
acquiring the maximum shaft power and rated power of the motor;
acquiring operation parameters of the motor corresponding to the rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate;
calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters;
and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
2. The electrical load calculation method of claim 1, wherein the operating parameters include shaft power, efficiency, and power factor.
3. The power load calculation method according to claim 2, wherein the calculated active power satisfies a first relation:
Figure FDA0002507372160000011
in the formula ,PCCalculating the active power for the power converter; pZIs the maximum shaft power; pZ1Is the shaft power, P, of the motor at a first reference load factorZ2η for the shaft power of the motor at a second reference load factor1For the motor at a first reference load rateEfficiency of time η2Is the efficiency of the motor at a second reference load rate.
4. A power load calculation method according to claim 3, wherein the calculated reactive power satisfies the following second relation:
Figure FDA0002507372160000012
in the formula ,QCCalculating reactive power for the said; and is
Figure FDA0002507372160000021
wherein ,
Figure FDA0002507372160000024
is the power factor of the motor at a first reference load rate,
Figure FDA0002507372160000025
is the power factor of the motor at a second reference load rate.
5. The power load calculation method according to claim 1, wherein the first reference load factor is 100% and the second reference load factor is 75%.
6. The power load calculation method according to claim 4, wherein the number of the electric machines is plural, and the calculating of the power load of the power system from the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power includes:
summing the calculated active power of each motor, and multiplying the sum by a coefficient of the calculated active power so as to obtain the total active load of the power system;
and summing the calculated reactive power of each motor, and multiplying the sum by a coefficient of the calculated reactive power so as to obtain the reactive total load of the power system.
7. The electrical load calculation method according to claim 6, wherein the total active load is in a third relation:
Figure FDA0002507372160000022
wherein, P is the total active load; pCiCalculating active power for each of said electrical machines, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑pAnd calculating the active power simultaneous coefficient.
8. The power load calculation method according to claim 7, wherein the reactive total load is in a fourth relation:
Figure FDA0002507372160000023
in the formula, Q is the reactive total load; qCiCalculating reactive power for each of said motors, i ═ 1,2, …, n; k∑qCalculating a reactive power simultaneous coefficient for the calculating.
9. The power load calculation method according to claim 8, wherein K is∑pHas a value range of 0.85-1, K∑qThe value range of (a) is 0.95-1.
10. An electric load calculation apparatus for calculating an electric load of an electric system to which a motor is connected based on a power of a motor shaft, the electric load calculation apparatus comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum shaft power and the rated power of the motor; and the number of the first and second groups,
the method comprises the steps of obtaining operation parameters of the motor corresponding to rated power when the motor is at a first reference load rate and a second reference load rate;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power of the motor by combining the maximum shaft power and the operation parameters; and the number of the first and second groups,
and calculating the power load of the power system according to the calculated active power and the calculated reactive power.
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