CN111551045B - A method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece - Google Patents

A method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece Download PDF

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CN111551045B
CN111551045B CN202010327174.4A CN202010327174A CN111551045B CN 111551045 B CN111551045 B CN 111551045B CN 202010327174 A CN202010327174 A CN 202010327174A CN 111551045 B CN111551045 B CN 111551045B
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heated
temperature
burner
workpiece
heating
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CN111551045A (en
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高新亮
任善银
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Huizhou Nanotec Alloy Technology Co ltd
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Yanshan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/02—Observation or illuminating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0087—Automatisation of the whole plant or activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/02—Observation or illuminating devices
    • F27D2021/026—Observation or illuminating devices using a video installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a control device for the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece, which comprises a control device body, the control device body is provided with a bracket for supporting a plurality of workpieces to be heated, the workpieces to be heated are uniformly and symmetrically distributed in the heating furnace, temperature thermocouples are arranged at the positions where the bracket is contacted with a plurality of workpieces to be heated, a temperature measuring camera is arranged on the inner furnace surface of the heating furnace, a left burner and a right burner are respectively arranged on the furnace surfaces at the two sides, the heating furnace is electrically connected with a computer for acquiring, processing and heating regulation and control of heating temperature signals of a plurality of workpieces to be heated, the traditional control method taking the temperature in the furnace as an object is abandoned, the workpieces to be heated are directly taken as targets for temperature regulation and control, and the heating control precision, the effective heating rate of the workpieces to be heated and the heating quality are greatly improved.

Description

Control method for heating temperature of cylindrical workpiece
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a control device and a control method for the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece.
Background
The regenerative heating furnace can preheat fuel by using the waste heat of the flue gas in the heating process, has the advantages of low fuel consumption, relatively uniform temperature in the furnace, high heating quality, environmental protection and the like, and is widely applied to the heating process of various workpieces. Because the regenerative heating furnace relates to a dynamic continuous reversing process in the combustion process, the temperature of the upper part of the furnace has the fluctuation characteristic; a viscous turbulent layer is formed at the bottom of the workpiece to be heated, which is not beneficial to heat exchange around the workpiece to be heated; the mutual interference of the burner gas flow and the furnace tail flue backflow gas causes different flow velocity directions at different positions; the temperature of the upper part and the lower part of the workpiece to be heated is layered.
At present, in order to overcome the above problems and fully exert the advantages of the regenerative heating furnace, many enterprises and researchers mostly adopt a field experience or numerical simulation method to study the heating process in the heating furnace, so as to optimize the heating process. But still have the following disadvantages: the effectiveness of field experience is limited only to specific plants and products and the heating process is poorly repeatable. The numerical simulation method has the advantages of complex process, overlong consumed time, properly simplified calculation model during simulation, low simulation result accuracy, reduced production efficiency and increased production cost. In addition, the method of field experience or numerical simulation is mainly used for researching the environment condition in the furnace, and the real-time adjustment of the heating process is not performed according to the heating condition of the workpiece to be heated, so that the effective heating rate and the heating quality are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a control device and a control method for the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece, starting from the realization of taking the workpiece to be heated as a target control object, regulating and controlling the heating working condition by using machine vision temperature measurement, and improving the heating efficiency and the heating quality of the workpiece to be heated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a controlling means of cylindrical work piece heating temperature, includes the controlling means body, the controlling means body is provided with the bracket that supports a plurality of work pieces of waiting to heat, and is a plurality of the even, symmetrical distribution of work piece of waiting to heat is in the heating furnace, the bracket all is provided with the temperature thermocouple with the position of a plurality of work piece contacts of waiting to heat, be provided with temperature measurement camera on the interior furnace face of heating furnace, be provided with left side nozzle and right side nozzle on the furnace face of both sides respectively, heating furnace electric connection has carries out the computer of collection processing and heating regulation and control to a plurality of work pieces of waiting to heat temperature signal.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: a plurality of workpieces to be heated are equally divided into four temperature measuring cameras for temperature monitoring, and the four temperature measuring cameras are uniformly distributed at four top points of the external square of the end face of the corresponding workpiece to be heated.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the injection angles of the left burner and the right burner can be adjusted.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: a control method of a cylindrical workpiece heating temperature control device comprises the following steps:
numbering workpieces to be heated from right to left as follows: 1, 2, · n; dividing the heating temperature of the workpiece to be heated into heating stages: t isr＝T1、T2、T3、…、TmWhich isWhere r is 1 … m, and T1＜T2＜T3＜…＜Tm；
Secondly, dividing the injection angle of the left burner into: thetaL0、θL1、θL2、...、θLj、...、θLnAnd the injection angle of the right burner is divided into: thetaR0、θR1、θR2、...、θRk、...θRn，
Wherein: l represents a left burner, and R represents a right burner;
θL0: an included angle is formed between a horizontal ray which is made by taking the left burner as a starting point and a tangent position at the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the number i being 1;
θLj: an included angle between a ray which is made by taking the left burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-j and a ray which is made by taking the left burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-j +1 is formed, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and is less than N, and j belongs to N;
θLn: an included angle between a ray which is made by taking the left burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-n and a ray which is made by taking the left burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-n;
θR1: an included angle between a ray which is made by taking the right burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i being 1 and a ray which is made by taking the right burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i being 1;
θRk(ii) a An included angle between a ray taken by taking the right burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-k-1 and a ray taken by taking the right burner as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-k is larger than 1 and smaller than or equal to N, and k belongs to N;
θR0an included angle is formed between a horizontal ray which is made by taking the right burner as a starting point and a tangent position at the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-n;
thirdly, numbering according to the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis asi to-be-heated workpiece is uniformly divided into A, B, C, D four areas, and four corresponding temperature measuring cameras MiA、MiB、MiC、MiDCarry out temperature monitoring, temperature measurement camera M to A, B, C, D four regions respectivelyiA、MiB、MiC、MiDWithin the range of working angle beta, the working period is 2 delta t1The uniform-speed reciprocating scanning monitoring can finish the temperature image shooting of a monitoring area twice in one period, wherein: the working angle beta is the maximum included angle between the temperature measuring camera and two end faces of the monitoring area;
fourthly, assigning an initial value: r is 1;
assigning an initial value: when i is 1, the left burner starts to burn;
sixthly, adjusting the injection angle of the left burner to thetaLiPosition, heating the left part of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i, and simultaneously two temperature measuring cameras MiA、MiCMonitoring the temperature of the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i;
seventhly, every Δ t for computer1Time-pair temperature-measuring camera MiA、MiCThe shot temperature image is collected, and the temperature is calculated to reach TrSum of image areas Se；
The effective heating rate was calculated as:
Figure GDA0003101598910000041
wherein: s is temperature measuring camera MiA、MiCThe total area of the photographed temperature image;
judging that the effective heating rate sigma is more than or equal to sigmaeIf yes, switching to a step (b), and if not, switching to a step (c), wherein: sigmaeIs the standard effective heating rate;
judging that i is larger than or equal to n, if the i is not equal to i +1, turning to the step (sixthly), and if the i is equal to i +1, stopping combustion of the left burner;
ninthly, if the value i is equal to n, the right burner starts to burn;
adjusting injection angle of right burner to thetaRiPosition, heating the right part of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i, and simultaneously carrying out two temperature measurement camerasImage head MiB、MiDMonitoring the temperature of the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number i;
Figure GDA0003101598910000042
every delta t of the computer1Time-pair temperature-measuring camera MiB、MiDThe shot temperature image is collected, and the temperature is counted to reach TrSum of image areas Se；
The effective heating rate was calculated as:
Figure GDA0003101598910000043
wherein: s is temperature measuring camera MiB、MiDThe total area of the photographed temperature image;
judging that the effective heating rate sigma is more than or equal to sigmaeIf not, go to step R, if yes, go to step R
Figure GDA0003101598910000045
Wherein sigmaeIs the standard effective heating rate;
Figure GDA0003101598910000046
judging that i is less than or equal to 1, if the i is not equal to i-1, switching to the step (R), and if the i is equal to i-1, switching to the step (R), and stopping combustion of the right burner;
Figure GDA0003101598910000047
computer reading temperature thermocouple O1、O2、...、Oi、...、OnTemperature monitoring value TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn；
Calculating TO＝min{TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn}；
Judgment of TO≥TrIf not, the step is carried out
Figure GDA0003101598910000051
If yes, switching to the step
Figure GDA0003101598910000052
Figure GDA0003101598910000053
Adjusting the injection angle of the left burner to thetaL0At the position, the left burner starts to burn, the left part of the workpiece to be heated is heated, and delta t is heated2After the time, the left burner stops burning;
adjusting the injection angle of the right burner to thetaR0At the position, the right burner starts to burn, and the right part of the workpiece to be heated is heated by delta t2After the time, the right burner stops burning, and the step is shifted to
Figure GDA0003101598910000054
Figure GDA0003101598910000055
And (4) judging that r is larger than or equal to m, if not, assigning r to r +1, turning to the fifth step, if so, finishing heating, and stopping heating.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. the invention abandons the traditional control method taking the temperature in the furnace as an object, directly takes the workpiece to be heated as a target to carry out temperature regulation and control, and greatly improves the control precision of heating and the effective heating rate and the heating quality of the workpiece to be heated.
2. The invention provides a novel temperature measurement camera arrangement mode and a working method, each workpiece to be heated is divided into four regions, each region is monitored in an all-dimensional scanning mode by using one temperature measurement camera, the ratio of the monitoring area to the surface area of the workpiece to be heated is increased to more than ninety percent, the problem of low ratio of the monitoring area caused by mutual shielding of the workpieces to be heated at different positions is solved, and the reliability of the workpiece to be heated is greatly improved.
3. The invention divides the burner angles, so that heating can be performed aiming at workpieces to be heated appointed at different positions, the utilization rate and the heating efficiency of fuel are improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operation of a furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a temperature measuring camera of a workpiece to be heated, which is numbered i according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the invention in the direction E shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of different working angle positions of the left burner and the left burner of the present invention;
in fig. 1: 1. a computer; 2. a bracket; 3. a workpiece to be heated; 4. a left burner; 5. a right burner; 6. and (5) heating the furnace.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
the workpiece 3 to be heated adopts a round steel pipe, and the specification and the size are as follows: phi 200mm x 2300mm, inner diameter
Figure GDA0003101598910000062
The heating temperature is required to be more than or equal to 650 ℃ and less than or equal to 700 ℃; the serial number n of the round steel pipe is 5; standard effective heating rate sigmae＝90％。
As shown in a working schematic diagram of a heating furnace shown in fig. 1, a control device for heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece comprises a control device body, wherein the control device body is provided with a bracket 2 for supporting a plurality of workpieces 3 to be heated, the plurality of workpieces 3 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the front side and the rear side in the heating furnace 6, temperature thermocouples are arranged at the positions where the bracket 2 is contacted with the plurality of workpieces 3 to be heated, a temperature measuring camera is arranged on the inner furnace surface of the heating furnace 6, a left burner 4 and a right burner 5 are respectively arranged on the furnace surfaces on the two sides, the heating furnace 6 is electrically connected with a computer 1 for collecting, processing and heating and regulating heating temperature signals of the plurality of workpieces 3 to be heated, the plurality of workpieces 3 to be heated are respectively subjected to temperature monitoring by four temperature measuring cameras, the four temperature measuring cameras are uniformly distributed at four vertex points of a square externally connected with the end surface of the corresponding workpieces 3 to be heated, the injection angles of the left burner 4 and the right burner 5 can be adjusted.
Although the existing method for realizing the temperature control of the heat accumulating type heating furnace through a numerical simulation mode can well improve the temperature distribution in the heating furnace, the technology takes the furnace temperature as a target control object and belongs to a rough heating mode, so that the effective heating rate of a workpiece to be heated is not matched with the production cost of the workpiece to be heated.
The effective heating rate is the ratio of the sum of the areas of the sampling part reaching the qualified temperature to the sum of the areas of the sampling part, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003101598910000061
wherein: σ — effective heating Rate;
Se-the sum of the areas of the sampling site that reach the acceptable temperature;
s is the sum of the areas of the sampling parts;
in order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a control method for targeting a workpiece 3 to be heated as shown in fig. 2, which is based on a machine vision technology, takes images shot by a temperature measurement camera as a criterion, adjusts the injection angles and the working states of a left burner 4 and a right burner 5 in real time, and circularly heats the workpiece 3 to be heated at different axial positions in sequence, and specifically comprises the following steps:
numbering the workpieces 3 to be heated from right to left in sequence as follows: 1, 2, · n; the heating temperature of the workpiece 3 to be heated is divided into heating stages: t isr＝T1、T2、T3、…、TmWherein r is 1 … m, and T1＜T2＜T3＜…＜Tm；
Secondly, dividing the injection angle of the left burner 4 into: thetaL0、θL1、θL2、...、θLj、...、θLnAnd the injection angle of the right burner 5 is divided into: thetaR0、θR1、θR2、...、θRk、...θRn，
Wherein: l represents a left burner, and R represents a right burner;
θL0: an included angle between a horizontal ray which is made by taking the left burner 4 as a starting point and a tangent position at the right side of the workpiece to be heated 3 with the serial number of i being 1;
θLj: an included angle between a ray taken by taking the left burner 4 as a starting point and a tangent position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-j and a ray taken by taking the left burner 4 as a starting point and a tangent position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-j +1, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and is less than N, and j belongs to N;
θLn: an included angle between a ray which is made by taking the left burner 4 as a starting point and a tangent position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-n and a ray which is made by taking the left burner 4 as a starting point and a tangent position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated with the serial number of i-n;
θR1: an included angle between a ray which is made by taking the right burner 5 as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i being 1 and a ray which is made by taking the right burner 5 as a starting point and a tangential position on the right side of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i being 1;
θRk(ii) a An included angle between a ray taken by taking the right burner 5 as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated 3 with the serial number of i-k-1 and a ray taken by taking the right burner 5 as a starting point and a tangential position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated 3 with the serial number of i-k is larger than 1 and smaller than or equal to N, and k belongs to N;
θR0an included angle is formed between a horizontal ray taking the right burner 5 as a starting point and a tangent position on the left side of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number of i-n;
thirdly, the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i is evenly divided into A, B, C, D four areas according to the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis, and four corresponding temperature measuring cameras MiA、MiB、MiC、MiDA, B, C, D four zones were separately temperature monitoredTemperature measuring camera MiA、MiB、MiC、MiDWithin the range of working angle beta, the working period is 2 delta t1The uniform-speed reciprocating scanning monitoring can finish the temperature image shooting of a monitoring area twice in one period, wherein: the working angle beta is the maximum included angle delta t between the temperature measuring camera and two end faces of the monitoring area1Selecting a numerical value according to the sensitivity of the equipment, wherein the smaller the numerical value is, the better the numerical value is;
fourthly, assigning an initial value: r is 1;
assigning an initial value: when i is 1, the left burner 4 starts to burn;
sixthly, adjusting the injection angle of the left burner 4 to thetaLiPosition, heating the left part of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i, and simultaneously two temperature measuring cameras MiA、MiCMonitoring the temperature of the left side of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i;
seventhly, every other delta t of the computer 11Time-pair temperature-measuring camera MiA、MiCThe shot temperature image is collected, and the temperature is calculated to reach TrSum of image areas Se；
The effective heating rate was calculated as:
Figure GDA0003101598910000081
wherein: s is temperature measuring camera MiA、MiCThe total area of the photographed temperature image;
judging that the effective heating rate sigma is more than or equal to sigmaeIf yes, switching to a step (b), and if not, switching to a step (c), wherein: sigmaeIs the standard effective heating rate;
judging that i is larger than or equal to n, if the i is not equal to i +1, turning to the step (sixthly), and if the i is equal to i +1, stopping combustion of the left burner 4;
ninthly, if the value i is equal to n, the right burner 5 starts to burn;
adjusting the injection angle of the right burner 5 to thetaRiPosition, heating the right part of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i, and simultaneously two temperature measuring cameras MiB、MiDMonitoring the temperature of the right side of the workpiece 3 to be heated with the serial number i;
Figure GDA0003101598910000091
every delta t of the computer1Time-pair temperature-measuring camera MiB、MiDThe shot temperature image is collected, and the temperature is counted to reach TrSum of image areas Se；
The effective heating rate was calculated as:
Figure GDA0003101598910000092
wherein: s is temperature measuring camera MiB、MiDThe total area of the photographed temperature image;
judging that the effective heating rate sigma is more than or equal to sigmaeIf not, go to step R, if yes, go to step R
Figure GDA0003101598910000093
Wherein sigmaeIs the standard effective heating rate;
Figure GDA0003101598910000094
judging that i is less than or equal to 1, if the i is not equal to i-1, switching to the step (R), and if the i is equal to i, switching to the step (R), and stopping combustion of the right burner 5;
Figure GDA0003101598910000095
computer 1 reads temperature thermocouple O1、O2、...、Oi、...、OnTemperature monitoring value TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn；
Calculating TO＝min{TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn}；
Judgment of TO≥TrIf not, the step is carried out
Figure GDA0003101598910000096
If yes, switching to the step
Figure GDA0003101598910000097
Figure GDA0003101598910000101
Adjusting the injection angle of the left burner 4 to thetaL0At the position, the left burner 4 starts to burn, and the left part of the workpiece 3 to be heated is heated by delta t2After the time, the left burner 4 stops burning;
adjusting the injection angle of the right burner 5 to thetaR0At the position, the right burner 5 starts to burn, and the right part of the workpiece 3 to be heated is heated by delta t2After the time, the right burner 5 stops burning, and the process is shifted to the step
Figure GDA0003101598910000102
Figure GDA0003101598910000103
And (4) judging that r is larger than or equal to m, if not, assigning r to r +1, turning to the fifth step, if so, finishing heating, and stopping heating.
The temperature measuring cameras used in the heating furnace 6 have the problems that shielding exists between workpieces to be heated 3 at different positions, the ratio of the monitored area of the temperature measuring cameras to the surface area of the workpieces to be heated is low, and the reliability is poor. According to the phenomenon, the invention provides a novel temperature measurement camera arrangement mode and a working method, the monitoring area is increased to more than ninety percent, and the reliability of regulating and controlling the heating temperature in the steps of the method is greatly improved.
In addition, because the contact part of the workpiece 3 to be heated and the bracket 2 is shielded, the temperature measuring camera cannot monitor the temperature of the contact part, and the temperature measuring thermocouples O are arranged at the contact positions of the workpiece 3 to be heated and the bracket 2 with the serial numbers of 1, 2, 11、O2、...、Oi、...、OnAnd the temperature of the sheltered part is subjected to supplementary monitoring.

Claims (3)

1.一种圆柱形工件加热温度的控制方法，其特征在于，包括控制装置，所述控制装置包括控制装置本体，所述控制装置本体设置有支撑多个待加热工件(3)的托架(2)，多个所述待加热工件(3)均匀、对称的分布在加热炉(6)内，所述托架(2)与多个待加热工件(3)接触的位置均设置有测温热电偶，所述加热炉(6)的内炉面上设置有对多个待加热工件(3)进行温度监测的测温摄像头、两侧炉面上分别设置有左侧烧嘴(4)和右侧烧嘴(5)，所述加热炉(6)电性连接有对多个待加热工件(3)加热温度信号进行采集处理和加热调控的计算机(1)；1. A method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece, characterized in that it comprises a control device, and the control device comprises a control device body, and the control device body is provided with a bracket ( 2), a plurality of the workpieces (3) to be heated are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the heating furnace (6), and the positions of the bracket (2) in contact with the plurality of workpieces (3) to be heated are provided with temperature measuring devices; Thermocouple, the inner furnace surface of the heating furnace (6) is provided with a temperature measuring camera for monitoring the temperature of a plurality of workpieces (3) to be heated, and left burners (4) and the right burner (5), the heating furnace (6) is electrically connected with a computer (1) that collects, processes and regulates the heating temperature signals of a plurality of workpieces (3) to be heated; 控制方法包括以下步骤：The control method includes the following steps: ①、将待加热工件(3)从右至左依次编号为：i＝1、2、...、n；将待加热工件(3)的加热温度划分加热阶段为：Tr＝T1、T2、T3、…、Tm，其中r＝1…m，且T1＜T2＜T3＜…＜Tm；①. The workpieces (3) to be heated are numbered sequentially from right to left as: i = 1 , 2, . . . , n; T 2 , T 3 , ..., T m , where r=1 ... m and T 1 <T 2 <T 3 < ... < T m ; ②、将左侧烧嘴(4)的喷射角度依次划分为：θL0、θL1、θL2、...、θLj、...、θLn，右侧烧嘴(5)的喷射角度依次划分为：θR0、θR1、θR2、...、θRk、...θRn，②. Divide the injection angle of the left burner (4) into: θ L0 , θ L1 , θ L2 , ..., θ Lj , ..., θ Ln , and the injection angle of the right burner (5) Divided into: θ R0 , θ R1 , θ R2 , ..., θ Rk , ... θ Rn , 其中：L代表左侧烧嘴，R代表右侧烧嘴；Among them: L stands for the left burner, R stands for the right burner; θL0：以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点所作水平射线和以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点与编号为i＝1的待加热工件(3)右侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角；θ L0 : between the horizontal ray made with the left burner (4) as the starting point and the ray made with the left burner (4) as the starting point and the tangent position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated (3) numbered i=1 the included angle; θLj：以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点与编号为i＝j待加热工件(3)右侧相切位置所做射线和以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点与编号为i＝j+1待加热工件(3)右侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角，其中1≤j＜n且j∈N；θ Lj : Take the left burner (4) as the starting point and the number i=j to be heated at the tangent position on the right side of the workpiece (3) and take the left burner (4) as the starting point and the number is i=j +1 The angle between the rays made at the tangent position on the right side of the workpiece to be heated (3), where 1≤j<n and j∈N; θLn：以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点与编号为i＝n待加热工件(3)右侧相切位置所做射线和以左侧烧嘴(4)为起点与编号i＝n待加热工件(3)左侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角；θ Ln : Take the left burner (4) as the starting point and the number i=n to be heated at the tangent position on the right side of the workpiece (3), and take the left burner (4) as the starting point and the number i=n to be The angle between the rays made at the tangent position on the left side of the heated workpiece (3); θR1：以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点与编号为i＝1待加热工件(3)左侧相切位置所做射线和以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点与编号i＝1待加热工件(3)右侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角；θ R1 : Take the right burner (5) as the starting point and the tangent position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated (3) with the number i=1, and take the right burner (5) as the starting point and the number i=1 to be The included angle between the rays made at the tangent position on the right side of the heated workpiece (3); θRk；以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点与编号为i＝k-1待加热工件(3)左侧相切位置所做射线和以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点与编号为i＝k待加热工件(3)左侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角，其中1＜k≤n且k∈N；θ Rk ; take the right burner (5) as the starting point and the numbering as i=k-1 to be heated at the left tangent position of the workpiece (3) and make the ray and take the right burner (5) as the starting point and the numbering is i =k the angle between the rays made at the tangent position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated (3), where 1<k≤n and k∈N; θR0:以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点所作水平射线和以右侧烧嘴(5)为起点与编号为i＝n的待加热工件(3)左侧相切位置所做射线之间的夹角；θ R0 : between the horizontal ray made with the right burner (5) as the starting point and the ray made with the right burner (5) as the starting point and the tangent position on the left side of the workpiece to be heated (3) numbered i=n the included angle; ③按水平对称轴和竖直对称轴将编号为i的待加热工件(3)均匀划分为A、B、C、D四个区域，相应的四个测温摄像头MiA、MiB、MiC、MiD分别对A、B、C、D四个区域进行温度监测，测温摄像头MiA、MiB、MiC、MiD在工作角度β范围内作周期为2Δt1的匀速往返式扫描监测，一个周期可完成两次对监测区域的温度图像拍摄，其中：工作角度β为测温摄像头与监测区域两端面之间最大夹角；③ According to the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis, the workpiece to be heated (3) numbered i is evenly divided into four areas A, B, C, D, and the corresponding four temperature measuring cameras M iA , M iB , M iC , M iD respectively monitor the temperature of the four areas A, B, C and D, and the temperature measuring cameras M iA , M iB , M iC , and M iD are used for uniform reciprocating scanning monitoring with a period of 2Δt 1 within the working angle β range. , two temperature images of the monitoring area can be taken in one cycle, wherein: the working angle β is the maximum angle between the temperature measurement camera and the two ends of the monitoring area; ④赋初值：r＝1；④Assign initial value: r=1; ⑤赋初值：i＝1,左侧烧嘴(4)开始燃烧；⑤Assign initial value: i=1, the left burner (4) starts to burn; ⑥调整左侧烧嘴(4)的喷射角度至θLi位置，对编号为i的待加热工件(3)左侧部位进行加热，同时两个测温摄像头MiA、MiC对编号为i的待加热工件(3)左侧进行温度监测； ⑥ Adjust the injection angle of the left burner (4) to the position of θ Li , and heat the left part of the workpiece (3) numbered i Temperature monitoring is performed on the left side of the workpiece to be heated (3); ⑦计算机(1)每隔Δt1时间对测温摄像头MiA、MiC所拍摄温度图像进行采集，计算温度达到Tr的图像面积总和Se；⑦ The computer (1) collects the temperature images captured by the temperature measuring cameras MiA and MiC every Δt 1 time, and calculates the sum S e of the image areas where the temperature reaches Tr ; 计算有效加热率为：
Figure FDA0003101598900000031
其中：S为测温摄像头MiA、MiC所拍摄温度图像总面积；Calculate the effective heating rate:
Figure FDA0003101598900000031
Among them: S is the total area of the temperature images captured by the temperature measuring cameras M iA and M iC ; 判断有效加热率σ≥σe，若成立转入步骤⑧，若不成立则转入步骤⑥，其中：σe为标准有效加热率；Judging the effective heating rate σ≥σ e , if it is established, go to step ⑧, if not, go to step ⑥, where: σ e is the standard effective heating rate; ⑧判断i≥n，若不成立则赋值i＝i+1，转入步骤⑥，若成立则左侧烧嘴(4)停止燃烧；⑧ Judgment i≥n, if not, assign i=i+1, go to step ⑥, if it is true, the left burner (4) stops burning; ⑨赋值i＝n，右侧烧嘴(5)开始燃烧；⑨ Assign i=n, and the right burner (5) starts to burn; ⑩调整右侧烧嘴(5)喷射角度至θRi位置，对编号为i的待加热工件(3)右侧部位进行加热，同时两个测温摄像头MiB、MiD对编号为i的待加热工件(3)右侧进行温度监测；⑩ Adjust the injection angle of the right burner (5) to the position of θ Ri , and heat the right part of the workpiece (3) numbered i to be heated. At the same time, the two temperature measuring cameras M iB and M iD Temperature monitoring is performed on the right side of the heated workpiece (3);
Figure FDA0003101598900000036
计算机每隔Δt1时间对测温摄像头MiB、MiD所拍摄温度图像进行采集，统计出温度达到Tr的图像面积总和Se；
Figure FDA0003101598900000036
The computer collects the temperature images captured by the temperature measuring cameras MiB and M iD every Δt 1 time, and counts the sum S e of the image areas whose temperature reaches Tr ; 计算有效加热率为：
Figure FDA0003101598900000032
其中：S为测温摄像头MiB、MiD所拍摄温度图像总面积；Calculate the effective heating rate:
Figure FDA0003101598900000032
Among them: S is the total area of the temperature images captured by the temperature measuring cameras M iB and M iD ; 判断有效加热率σ≥σe，若不成立则转入步骤⑩，若成立转入步骤
Figure FDA0003101598900000033
其中σe为标准有效加热率；Determine the effective heating rate σ≥σ e , if not, go to step ⑩, if yes, go to step
Figure FDA0003101598900000033
where σ e is the standard effective heating rate;
Figure FDA0003101598900000034
判断i≤1，若不成立则赋值i＝i-1，转入步骤⑩，若成立转入步骤则右侧烧嘴(5)停止燃烧；
Figure FDA0003101598900000034
Judging i≤1, if not established, assign i=i-1, go to step ⑩, if established and go to step, the right burner (5) stops burning;
Figure FDA0003101598900000035
计算机(1)读取测温热电偶O1、O2、...、Oi、...、On温度监测值TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn；
Figure FDA0003101598900000035
The computer (1) reads the temperature measurement thermocouples O 1 , O 2 , ..., O i , ..., On temperature monitoring values T O1 , T O2 , ... On ; 计算TO＝min{TO1、TO2、...、TOi、...、TOn}；Calculate T O = min {T O1 , T O2 , ..., T Oi , ..., T On }; 判断TO≥Tr，若不成立则转入步骤
Figure FDA0003101598900000041
若成立转入步骤
Figure FDA0003101598900000042
Judge T O ≥ T r , if not, go to step
Figure FDA0003101598900000041
If established, transfer step
Figure FDA0003101598900000042
Figure FDA0003101598900000043
调整左侧烧嘴(4)喷射角度至θL0位置，左侧烧嘴(4)开始燃烧，对待加热工件(3)左侧部位进行加热，加热Δt2时间后左侧烧嘴(4)停止燃烧；
Figure FDA0003101598900000043
Adjust the injection angle of the left burner (4) to the position θ L0 , the left burner (4) starts to burn, the left part of the workpiece (3) to be heated is heated, and the left burner (4) stops after heating for Δt 2 time. combustion; 调整右侧烧嘴(5)喷射角度至θR0位置，右侧烧嘴(5)开始燃烧，对待加热工件(3)右侧部位进行加热，加热Δt2时间后右侧烧嘴(5)停止燃烧，转入步骤
Figure FDA0003101598900000044
Adjust the injection angle of the right burner (5) to the θ R0 position, the right burner (5) starts to burn, the right part of the workpiece (3) to be heated is heated, and the right burner (5) stops after heating for Δt 2 time. burn, go to step
Figure FDA0003101598900000044
Figure FDA0003101598900000045
判断r≥m，若不成立则赋值r＝r+1，转入步骤⑤，若成立则加热完成，停止加热。
Figure FDA0003101598900000045
Judgment r≥m, if not established, assign r=r+1, go to step ⑤, if established, the heating is completed, and the heating is stopped. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种圆柱形工件加热温度的控制方法，其特征在于：多个所述待加热工件(3)均分别由四个测温摄像头进行温度监测，四个所述测温摄像头均布设置在相对应的待加热工件(3)端面外接正方形的四个顶点处。2. The method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the workpieces (3) to be heated is monitored by four temperature measuring cameras respectively, and the four described workpieces (3) are The temperature measuring cameras are uniformly arranged at the four vertices of the square circumscribed on the end face of the corresponding workpiece to be heated (3). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种圆柱形工件加热温度的控制方法，其特征在于：所述左侧烧嘴(4)和右侧烧嘴(5)的喷射角度可以调节。3 . The method for controlling the heating temperature of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 2 , wherein the spray angles of the left burner ( 4 ) and the right burner ( 5 ) can be adjusted. 4 .
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