CN111547939A - High-concentration wastewater dephosphorization process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-concentration wastewater dephosphorization process, which comprises the following steps: (1) the primary treatment process comprises the following steps: removing insoluble particulate matter, suspended solids and floating matter in the wastewater by a physical method, and discharging the liquid 1; (2) an anaerobic process: carrying out anaerobic treatment on the liquid 1, and discharging a liquid 2; (3) the electrochemical dephosphorization process comprises the following steps: the liquid 2 enters an integrated electrochemical water treatment device for electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation, and low-phosphorus waste liquid is discharged; (4) a secondary sedimentation tank process; (5) and (3) a deamination process. The invention provides a new wastewater treatment process, which effectively reduces COD (chemical oxygen demand), total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations, better separates C, N, P element from wastewater, reduces the over-standard risk of nitrogen and phosphorus in a sewage plant, and has very important significance for saving cost and protecting environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a high-concentration wastewater dephosphorization process.
Background
In view of the fact that the national restriction requirement on the water environment quality is higher and higher, the discharge standard of urban domestic sewage treatment plants in part of China is promoted to the surface water VI type water quality standard, and the discharge standard has the tendency of further promoting the surface water to quasi III type and tightening the total nitrogen discharge, and the tightening tendency of the industrial wastewater discharge standard is also obvious. At present, the treatment technology of industrial wastewater is mainly a biological method with lower operation cost, but partial industrial wastewater has high nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and easy unbalance of carbon nitrogen ratio, so that the phenomenon that total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen or total nitrogen of water after biological treatment cannot reach the standard is caused. And the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is discharged into the water body, so that the proportion of nutrient substances in the water is changed, the water body is eutrophicated, and the algae are rapidly propagated. The secretion of algae can secrete toxic substances and reduce the water transparency and dissolved oxygen, and finally part of aquatic animals die; in addition, nitrogen and phosphorus can also increase the cost of water treatment, and the scale deposits block or corrode pipelines and equipment, so that the normal operation of the pipelines and the equipment is influenced. Therefore, the method is very important for more effectively treating the high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus wastewater.
The existing wastewater treatment methods mainly comprise a physical method, a chemical method, a biological method, an ion exchange method and an electrochemical method, wherein the physical method, the biological method, the ion exchange method and other methods have certain limitations, the chemical method can generally meet most treatment requirements for removing nitrogen and phosphorus, but has large dosage and high cost, and the generated chemical sludge is difficult to treat harmlessly and has the risk of secondary pollution. Particularly, in a drainage basin with higher requirements on emission standards, the standard reaching difficulty is higher. Moreover, with the stricter and stricter discharge standards, the electrochemical method is more and more concerned as an effective method for treating heavy metal wastewater, and has the advantages of good effect, low operation cost, short construction period, easy management and operation, wide application range and the like. The electrochemical method utilizes the electrolytic process without adding chemicals such as flocculant, oxidant and the like, has small occupied area of equipment and simple and convenient post-treatment, and is often called as a clean treatment process. The electrochemical treatment technology mainly comprises the following steps: (1) the electric flocculation method is that under the action of direct current, iron or aluminum anode loses electrons and is dissolved in water to become iron ions or aluminum ions, iron hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide micro-floc are formed through hydrolysis, and flocculation is performed to adsorb and remove pollutants in water. Meanwhile, in the electrolytic process, intermediate products (such as hydroxyl radicals and atomic oxygen) generated on the surface of the anode have a certain degradation effect on organic pollutants. The pollutant particles are polarized, destabilized and electrophoresed, and strong oxidation and strong reduction are carried out at the two poles, so that the water-soluble pollutants are reduced or oxidized into low-toxicity or non-toxic substances. (2) Electrolytic floatation, namely electrolyzing the wastewater under the action of a direct current electric field to generate gases such as oxygen, hydrogen and the like on an anode and a cathode respectively, wherein the gases exist in a micro-bubble form and can be adhered to colloid or formed floc to form scum, so that pollutants in water are removed. (3) Electrochemical oxidation, in which pollutants are reduced or removed from wastewater by direct electrochemical reaction or indirect electrochemical conversion at electrodes. (4) And (3) electrodeposition, namely separating out the soluble metal in a free state or a combined state at a cathode by utilizing the potential difference of different metal components in the electrolyte. The appropriate potential is critical to the occurrence of electrodeposition. (5) Electro-adsorption, electrodialysis, ion exchange assisted electrodialysis, electrochemical membrane separation, and the like. However, the existing electrochemical treatment method has the problems of high energy consumption, small water treatment amount, great limitation of catalytic activity of electrode materials and the like, and the independent electrochemical treatment cannot meet the standard requirement of wastewater discharge.
Chinese patent application CN102849893A discloses a method for treating high-concentration refractory organic wastewater, which removes suspended matters in water and partially reduces COD of the wastewater through coagulation air flotation pretreatment; through the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process, the organic matters in the wastewater are partially removed through electrochemical action, redox action and the like, the B/C value is improved, and the one-time removal rate of COD can reach more than 50%; adding H under the irradiation of ultraviolet lamp with corresponding power in the ultraviolet Fenton oxidation process2O2After ultraviolet Fenton oxidation, adjusting the pH value to carry out coagulating sedimentation; warp A2the/O biochemical process decomposes the pollutants into carbon dioxide and water finally, and the quality of the produced water is stable. However, the method adopts complicated equipment and has higher cost, and the COD content of the effluent of the organic wastewater which is difficult to degrade is still higher (200mg/L) after the organic wastewater is treated by the method.
Chinese patent application CN108358261A discloses another wastewater treatment method, which comprises mixing wastewater, biochemical sludge, inorganic powder and metal powder to obtain a first mixture, and spraying the first mixture at high altitude for reaction. The wastewater treatment method can carry out electrochemical, physical evaporation and biochemical coupling modes, effectively remove COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the wastewater, and has good treatment effect on the wastewater difficult to degrade. However, the COD content of the effluent of the urban domestic sewage treated by the method is 53-148 mg/L, and still needs to be further reduced.
Therefore, by utilizing the high flexibility of the electrochemical method, the method is effectively combined with other wastewater treatment processes, a process which can effectively reduce the concentration of organic matters, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the wastewater and can effectively reduce the amount of chemical sludge is developed, and the method has very important significance for saving cost and protecting environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dephosphorization process for high-concentration wastewater.
The invention provides a high-concentration wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the primary treatment process comprises the following steps: discharging the wastewater into a primary treatment tank, removing insoluble particulate matter, suspended solids and floating matter in the wastewater by a physical method, and discharging a liquid 1;
(2) an anaerobic process: degrading macromolecular substances into small molecular substances by the liquid 1 through anaerobic treatment, and discharging the liquid 2;
(3) the electrochemical dephosphorization process comprises the following steps: allowing the liquid 2 to enter electrochemical water treatment equipment, and discharging low-phosphorus waste liquid after electrochemical water treatment;
(4) a secondary sedimentation tank process: adjusting the pH value of the low-phosphorus waste liquid discharged in the step (3) to be more than or equal to 10, then, allowing the low-phosphorus waste liquid to enter a secondary sedimentation tank, performing secondary sedimentation to obtain sludge and supernatant, and discharging the supernatant;
(5) the deamination process comprises the following steps: and (4) deaminating the supernatant liquid discharged in the step (4) by adopting a deamination membrane technology, and discharging the supernatant liquid after reaching the standard.
Further, in the step (1), the physical method is one or two of screening and sedimentation, and the device included in the pretreatment tank is one or more of a coarse grid, a fine grid and a grit chamber.
Further, in the step (2), the anaerobic treatment method is one or more than two of a hydrolysis acidification process, an anaerobic reaction tank, a facultative reaction tank and a UASB process, and preferably is the UASB process.
Further, in the step (3), the electrochemical water treatment comprises electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation; an electrode is arranged in the electrochemical water treatment equipment, and the material of the electrode is any one or more than two of titanium, iron, aluminum or graphite material, preferably iron or aluminum; the electrode is plate-shaped or mesh-shaped, preferably plate-shaped.
Further, the electrode distance is adjustable between 1 cm and 12cm, and is preferably 6 cm.
Further, in the step (3), a pulse type power supply is adopted during the electrochemical water treatment, and the pulse output peak current is 50-2000A; the average current of pulse output is 5A-1000A; the pulse frequency is 100 HZ-3000 HZ; the pulse duty ratio is 10% -60%; the output waveform is a pulse square wave.
Further, in the step (3), the electrochemical water treatment time is 5 minutes or more, preferably 5 to 30 minutes.
Further, in the step (5), the deamination film technology adopts deamination film equipment which comprises a deamination film and an acidic aqueous solution, and the introduced supernatant and the acidic aqueous solution are respectively positioned on two sides of the deamination film.
Further, in the step (5), the deamination is one-stage or multi-stage deamination; when the multistage deamination is carried out, the discharge liquid after the first stage deamination is returned to the deamination membrane equipment for circular treatment, and multistage countercurrent is carried out to continue deamination until the discharge liquid reaches the standard.
Further, in the step (5), the deamination film is a polymer film, the acidic aqueous solution is dilute sulfuric acid, and the deamination time is less than 10 min.
"COD", i.e., Chemical Oxygen Demand (Chemical Oxygen Demand), is a Chemical method for measuring the amount of reducing substances to be oxidized in a water sample. The method is characterized in that the quantity of an oxidant consumed by oxidizing reducing substances in 1 liter of water sample is used as an index of the water sample under a certain condition, and the required oxygen milligram is converted into the required oxygen milligram in mg/L after each liter of water sample is completely oxidized. It reflects the degree of contamination of the water by reducing substances. The index is also one of the comprehensive indexes of the relative content of organic matters.
"COD removal rate" is (total amount at COD inlet-total amount at COD outlet)/total amount at COD inlet.
"electrolytic flocculation" refers to the removal of pollutants from waste water or the conversion of toxic materials into non-toxic materials by means of electrical dissociation with the aid of chemical coagulants.
The electrolytic air floatation is a kind of air floatation water treatment method, which is characterized by that in the course of electrolysis, under the action of D.C. electric field, the tiny bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen are respectively produced at cathode and anode, and the pollutants in the waste water are chemically oxidized and reduced, and the flocculate or oil component can be attached to the bubbles, and floated to the liquid surface to remove them.
The "secondary sedimentation tank", i.e. secondary sedimentation tank, is an important component of an activated sludge system, and mainly functions to separate sludge, clarify mixed liquor, concentrate and return activated sludge.
The invention relates to a method for multistage deamination, which is characterized in that wastewater is circulated in a deamination membrane device and is subjected to multistage countercurrent to adsorb ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater.
The invention adopts a specific process sequence, and obtains the following beneficial effects: (1) effectively reduces COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration, and makes the sewage discharge up to the standard; (2) the sludge production is reduced; (3) partial N element is separated from the wastewater, the risk that the total nitrogen of the sewage plant exceeds the standard is reduced, the N element discharged into the environment is reduced, and the risk of water eutrophication is reduced.
Therefore, the invention provides a novel high-concentration wastewater dephosphorization process, which can effectively reduce the concentration of organic matters, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in wastewater, the concentration of the total phosphorus in effluent is as low as 0.48mg/L, the concentration of COD is as low as 24.79mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is as low as 1.0mg/L, the removal rate of the total phosphorus is more than or equal to 97.1%, the removal rate of the COD is more than or equal to 93.3%, and the removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen is more than or equal to 96.1%.
Obviously, many modifications, substitutions, and variations are possible in light of the above teachings of the invention, without departing from the basic technical spirit of the invention, as defined by the following claims.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples. This should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the wastewater treatment process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are known products and are obtained by purchasing commercial products.
Example 1 wastewater treatment Process according to the invention
The high-concentration wastewater is treated according to the process flow shown in figure 1. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) first-level treatment process (pretreatment section)
The high-concentration wastewater enters a sewage treatment plant, is pretreated by adopting a primary treatment process, and removes insoluble particulate matters, suspended solids and floating matters in the wastewater by using a physical method (such as screening and precipitation). And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(2) Anaerobic process
And (2) delivering the effluent treated in the step (1) into an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), converting the macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade into the micromolecular organic matters which are easy to biodegrade, improving the biodegradability of the wastewater, and removing part of the organic matters. And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(3) Electrochemical phosphorus removal process
And (3) enabling the effluent treated in the step (2) to enter an electrochemical dephosphorization working section, and performing electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation by adopting electrochemical water treatment equipment to obtain the effluent. After electrochemical treatment, most of phosphorus in the wastewater can be combined into precipitable particles, and part of organic matters are removed.
In the electrochemical water treatment equipment, (1) the electrode is a plate-shaped electrode plate, the electrode plate can be replaced according to the requirement, and the electrode plate is made of aluminum; (2) the distance between the polar plates is 6 cm; (3) the equipment adopts a pulse type power supply, and the pulse output peak current is 50-2000A; the average current of pulse output is 5A-1000A; the pulse frequency is 100 HZ-3000 HZ and can be continuously adjusted; the pulse duty ratio is continuously adjustable within the range of 10% -60%; the output waveform is a pulse square wave; (4) after the air floatation function is started, the slag removing device can be used for removing slag. The electrochemical water treatment time was 30 minutes.
(4) Two heavy ponds
And (4) adjusting the pH of the effluent treated in the step (3) to be alkaline (the pH is more than or equal to 10), then, entering a secondary sedimentation tank, then, discharging the sludge to a sludge concentration tank, and entering the supernatant into the next working section.
(5) Deaminizing process
And (4) enabling the supernatant (containing ammonia nitrogen wastewater) treated in the step (4) to enter a deamination section, wherein the deamination section is an ammonia adsorption process.
The ammonia adsorption process is carried out in a deamination membrane device by adopting a deamination membrane technology. TheIn the deamination membrane equipment, a deamination membrane is a polymer deamination membrane sold in the market, wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen flows in the shell side of a membrane component, acid absorption liquid (dilute sulfuric acid) flows in the tube side of the membrane component, and ammonium ions NH are generated when the pH value or the temperature of the wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is increased4+Becomes free gaseous NH3The wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen in the shell pass enters the acid absorption liquid phase of the tube pass through the micropores on the surface of the hollow fiber, is absorbed by the acid liquid and immediately turns into NH in an ionic state4+And circulating the multistage deamination until the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater reaches the standard, and directly discharging the effluent after regulating the pH value to 6-9. The ammonia removal time of the ammonia adsorption process is less than 10 min.
Example 2 wastewater treatment Process according to the invention
The high-concentration wastewater is treated according to the process flow shown in figure 1. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) first-level treatment process (pretreatment section)
The high-concentration wastewater enters a sewage treatment plant, is pretreated by adopting a primary treatment process, and removes insoluble particulate matters, suspended solids and floating matters in the wastewater by using a physical method (such as screening and precipitation). And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(2) Anaerobic process
And (2) delivering the effluent treated in the step (1) into an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), converting the macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade into the micromolecular organic matters which are easy to biodegrade, improving the biodegradability of the wastewater, and removing part of the organic matters. And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(3) Electrochemical phosphorus removal process
And (3) enabling the effluent treated in the step (2) to enter an electrochemical dephosphorization working section, and performing electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation by adopting electrochemical water treatment equipment to obtain the effluent. After electrochemical treatment, most of phosphorus in the wastewater can be combined into precipitable particles, and part of organic matters are removed.
In the electrochemical water treatment equipment, (1) the electrode is a plate-shaped electrode plate, the electrode plate can be replaced according to the requirement, and the electrode plate is made of aluminum; (2) the distance between the polar plates is 6 cm; (3) the equipment adopts a pulse type power supply, and the pulse output peak current is 50-2000A; the average current of pulse output is 5A-1000A; the pulse frequency is 100 HZ-3000 HZ and can be continuously adjusted; the pulse duty ratio is continuously adjustable within the range of 10% -60%; the output waveform is a pulse square wave; (4) after the air floatation function is started, the slag removing device can be used for removing slag. The electrochemical water treatment time was 15 minutes.
(4) Two heavy ponds
And (4) adjusting the pH of the effluent treated in the step (3) to be alkaline (the pH is more than or equal to 10), then, entering a secondary sedimentation tank, then, discharging the sludge to a sludge concentration tank, and entering the supernatant into the next working section.
(5) Deaminizing process
And (4) enabling the supernatant (containing ammonia nitrogen wastewater) treated in the step (4) to enter a deamination section, wherein the deamination section is an ammonia adsorption process.
The ammonia adsorption process is carried out in a deamination membrane device by adopting a deamination membrane technology. In the deamination membrane equipment, a deamination membrane is a polymer deamination membrane sold in the market, wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen flows in the shell side of a membrane component, acid absorption liquid (dilute sulfuric acid) flows in the tube side of the membrane component, and ammonium ions NH are generated when the pH value or the temperature of the wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is increased4+Becomes free gaseous NH3The wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen in the shell pass enters the acid absorption liquid phase of the tube pass through the micropores on the surface of the hollow fiber, is absorbed by the acid liquid and immediately turns into NH in an ionic state4+And circulating the multistage deamination until the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater reaches the standard, and directly discharging the effluent after regulating the pH value to 6-9. The ammonia removal time of the ammonia adsorption process is less than 10 min.
Example 3 wastewater treatment Process according to the invention
The high-concentration wastewater is treated according to the process flow shown in figure 1. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) first-level treatment process (pretreatment section)
The high-concentration wastewater enters a sewage treatment plant, is pretreated by adopting a primary treatment process, and removes insoluble particulate matters, suspended solids and floating matters in the wastewater by using a physical method (such as screening and precipitation). And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(2) Anaerobic process
And (2) delivering the effluent treated in the step (1) into an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), converting the macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade into the micromolecular organic matters which are easy to biodegrade, improving the biodegradability of the wastewater, and removing part of the organic matters. And (5) delivering the effluent to the next working procedure.
(3) Electrochemical phosphorus removal process
And (3) enabling the effluent treated in the step (2) to enter an electrochemical dephosphorization working section, and performing electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation by adopting electrochemical water treatment equipment to obtain the effluent. After electrochemical treatment, most of phosphorus in the wastewater can be combined into precipitable particles, and part of organic matters are removed.
In the electrochemical water treatment equipment, (1) the electrode is a plate-shaped electrode plate, the electrode plate can be replaced according to the requirement, and the electrode plate is made of aluminum; (2) the distance between the polar plates is 6 cm; (3) the equipment adopts a pulse type power supply, and the pulse output peak current is 50-2000A; the average current of pulse output is 5A-1000A; the pulse frequency is 100 HZ-3000 HZ and can be continuously adjusted; the pulse duty ratio is continuously adjustable within the range of 10% -60%; the output waveform is a pulse square wave; (4) after the air floatation function is started, the slag removing device can be used for removing slag. The electrochemical water treatment time was 5 minutes.
(4) Two heavy ponds
And (4) adjusting the pH of the effluent treated in the step (3) to be alkaline (the pH is more than or equal to 10), then, entering a secondary sedimentation tank, then, discharging the sludge to a sludge concentration tank, and entering the supernatant into the next working section.
(5) Deaminizing process
And (4) enabling the supernatant (containing ammonia nitrogen wastewater) treated in the step (4) to enter a deamination section, wherein the deamination section is an ammonia adsorption process.
The ammonia adsorption process is carried out in a deamination membrane device by adopting a deamination membrane technology. In the deamination membrane equipment, a deamination membrane is a polymer deamination membrane sold in the market, wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen flows in the shell side of a membrane component, acid absorption liquid (dilute sulfuric acid) flows in the tube side of the membrane component, and ammonium ions NH are generated when the pH value or the temperature of the wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is increased4+Becomes free gaseous NH3Acid absorption from the ammonia nitrogen-containing waste water phase in the shell side into the tube side through the micropores on the surface of the hollow fiberLiquid phase, absorbed by the acid liquor, immediately changed into ionic NH4+And circulating the multistage deamination until the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater reaches the standard, and directly discharging the effluent after regulating the pH value to 6-9. The ammonia removal time of the ammonia adsorption process is less than 10 min.
The beneficial effects of the process of the invention are demonstrated by the following experimental examples.
Experimental example 1 influence of the treatment Process of the present invention on the quality of wastewater
The results of measuring COD, total nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the high-concentration wastewater before treatment, the influent effluent of the electrochemical phosphorus removal process of step (3) in example 1 and the influent effluent of the deamination process of step (5) in example 1 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 evaluation of the quality of wastewater before and after treatment
As can be seen from Table 1, after the high-concentration wastewater sequentially passes through the primary treatment process → the anaerobic process → the electrochemical phosphorus removal process (i.e., the steps (1) - (3) of the example 1), the total phosphorus concentration of the effluent is less than 0.5mg/L, the total phosphorus removal rate is more than or equal to 98.8%, and the COD removal rate is more than or equal to 97.6%. After the steps (4) - (5), the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than or equal to 96.4%.
The total phosphorus concentration of the process effluent of the embodiment 1 of the invention is as low as 0.5mg/L, the COD concentration is as low as 109.4mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is as low as 3.42mg/L, so that the concentrations of organic matters, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the wastewater can be effectively reduced.
Experimental example 2 influence of the treatment Process of the present invention on the quality of wastewater
The results of measuring COD, total nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the high-concentration wastewater before treatment, the influent effluent of the electrochemical phosphorus removal process in step (3) in example 2 and the influent effluent of the deamination process in step (5) in example 2 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 evaluation of the quality of wastewater before and after treatment
As can be seen from Table 2, after the high-concentration wastewater sequentially passes through the primary treatment process → the anaerobic process → the electrochemical phosphorus removal process (i.e., the steps (1) - (3) of the example 2), the total phosphorus concentration of the effluent is less than 0.5mg/L, the total phosphorus removal rate is greater than or equal to 97.2%, and the COD removal rate is greater than or equal to 96.8%. After the steps (4) - (5), the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than or equal to 97.9%.
The total phosphorus concentration of the process effluent of the embodiment 2 of the invention is as low as 0.5mg/L, the COD concentration is as low as 129.4mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is as low as 2.6mg/L, so that the concentrations of organic matters, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the wastewater can be effectively reduced.
Experimental example 3 influence of the treatment Process of the present invention on the quality of wastewater
The results of measuring COD, total nitrogen concentration, and total phosphorus concentration of the high-concentration wastewater before treatment, the influent and effluent of the electrochemical phosphorus removal process of step (3) in example 3, and the influent and effluent of the deamination process of step (5) in example 3 are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 evaluation of the quality of wastewater before and after treatment
As can be seen from Table 3, after the high-concentration wastewater sequentially passes through the primary treatment process → the anaerobic process → the electrochemical phosphorus removal process (i.e., the steps (1) - (3) of the example 3), the total phosphorus concentration of the effluent is less than 0.5mg/L, the total phosphorus removal rate is greater than or equal to 96.5%, and the COD removal rate is greater than or equal to 95.5%. After the steps (4) to (5), the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than or equal to 96.1 percent.
The total phosphorus concentration of the process effluent of the embodiment 3 of the invention is as low as 0.48mg/L, the COD concentration is as low as 247.9mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is as low as 1.0mg/L, so that the concentrations of organic matters, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the wastewater can be effectively reduced.
In conclusion, the invention provides a novel wastewater treatment process, and by adopting the specific process sequence, the COD, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus concentration are effectively reduced, and the sludge production is reduced; the N element is thoroughly separated from the wastewater, the risk of exceeding the total nitrogen of a sewage plant is reduced, the N element discharged into the environment is reduced, the risk of eutrophication of the water body is reduced, and the method has very important significance for saving the cost and protecting the environment.
Claims (10)
1. A high-concentration wastewater treatment process is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
(1) the primary treatment process comprises the following steps: discharging the wastewater into a primary treatment tank, removing insoluble particulate matter, suspended solids and floating matter in the wastewater by a physical method, and discharging a liquid 1;
(2) an anaerobic process: degrading macromolecular substances into small molecular substances by the liquid 1 through anaerobic treatment, and discharging the liquid 2;
(3) the electrochemical dephosphorization process comprises the following steps: allowing the liquid 2 to enter electrochemical water treatment equipment, and discharging low-phosphorus waste liquid after electrochemical water treatment;
(4) a secondary sedimentation tank process: adjusting the pH value of the low-phosphorus waste liquid discharged in the step (3) to be more than or equal to 10, then, allowing the low-phosphorus waste liquid to enter a secondary sedimentation tank, performing secondary sedimentation to obtain sludge and supernatant, and discharging the supernatant;
(5) the deamination process comprises the following steps: and (4) deaminating the supernatant liquid discharged in the step (4) by adopting a deamination membrane technology, and discharging the supernatant liquid after reaching the standard.
2. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the physical method is one or two of screening and sedimentation, and the device included in the pretreatment tank is one or more than two of a coarse grid, a fine grid and a grit chamber.
3. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the anaerobic treatment method is one or more than two of a hydrolysis acidification process, an anaerobic reaction tank, a facultative reaction tank and a UASB process, and preferably is the UASB process.
4. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the electrochemical water treatment comprises electrolytic flocculation and electrolytic air flotation; an electrode is arranged in the electrochemical water treatment equipment, and the material of the electrode is any one or more than two of titanium, iron, aluminum or graphite material, preferably iron or aluminum; the electrode is plate-shaped or mesh-shaped, preferably plate-shaped.
5. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the electrode distance is adjustable between 1 cm and 12cm, and is preferably 6 cm.
6. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (3), a pulse type power supply is adopted during electrochemical water treatment, and the pulse output peak current is 50-2000A; the average current of pulse output is 5A-1000A; the pulse frequency is 100 HZ-3000 HZ; the pulse duty ratio is 10% -60%; the output waveform is a pulse square wave.
7. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (3), the electrochemical water treatment time is more than 5 minutes, preferably 5-30 min.
8. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: in the step (5), the deamination membrane technology adopts deamination membrane equipment which comprises a deamination membrane and an acidic aqueous solution, and the introduced supernatant and the acidic aqueous solution are respectively positioned at two sides of the deamination membrane.
9. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step (5), the deamination is one-stage or multi-stage deamination; when the multistage deamination is carried out, the discharge liquid after the first stage deamination is returned to the deamination membrane equipment for circular treatment, and multistage countercurrent is carried out to continue deamination until the discharge liquid reaches the standard.
10. The high concentration wastewater treatment process according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step (5), the deamination film is a polymer film, the acidic aqueous solution is dilute sulfuric acid, and the deamination time is less than 10 min.
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