CN111546880A - Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111546880A
CN111546880A CN202010438698.0A CN202010438698A CN111546880A CN 111546880 A CN111546880 A CN 111546880A CN 202010438698 A CN202010438698 A CN 202010438698A CN 111546880 A CN111546880 A CN 111546880A
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oil tank
plate
fiber reinforced
metal
bullet
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CN202010438698.0A
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CN111546880B (en
Inventor
翟文
甄建军
何金迎
魏汝斌
陈青香
王小伟
冯永强
董彬
李金鹿
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Shandong Sanda Technology Development Co ltd
Shandong Non Metallic Material Research Institute
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Shandong Sanda Technology Development Co ltd
Shandong Non Metallic Material Research Institute
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/02—Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0084—Foaming
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03407—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling to protect tanks against projectiles

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of special fuel tanks for vehicles, in particular to a fuel tank with a brand new structure and capable of preventing oil leakage after impact, wherein the impact surface and the back surface of the fuel tank are both of a double-wall structure, and the impact surface respectively comprises a metal plate outside a tank body of the fuel tank, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer and a metal plate inside the fuel tank from outside to inside; the back elastic surface oil tank structure sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside, the tearing of the metal back surface by the elastic penetration is inhibited through the fiber reinforced resin composite material, the phenomenon that the elastomer cannot self-contract due to the metal tearing of the oil tank body after the elastic penetration is avoided, the elastic body layer can self-contract after the elastic penetration, and an elastic hole is sealed; the oil tank is prevented from leaking after being impacted by storing micro-leaked fuel through the supporting metal plate and the open-cell foam. Compared with the oil tank hanging bulletproof material, the invention has obvious weight reduction effect.

Description

Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of special fuel tanks for vehicles, in particular to a fuel tank capable of preventing oil leakage after impact and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Oil is a power source for running various motor vehicles and is flammable and explosive liquid, so that the oil is one of the key points of being used as an oil tank of a military vehicle. Once the oil tank of a military vehicle is hit by a bullet, firstly, oil is quickly leaked, so that the power of the military vehicle is lost, and a non-combat depreciation is caused; and secondly, oil leakage easily causes combustion and explosion, and causes serious injury to vehicles and personnel. The safety of the fuel tank of the vehicle is an important precondition for ensuring the safety of weaponry and personnel and the performance of the weaponry.
The oil tank of the traditional military vehicle is generally a steel and aluminum metal oil tank, when the metal oil tank is struck by bullets, due to the self rotation of high-speed flying bullets, the bullet holes of the bullet-facing surface are generally larger than the diameter of the bullets by 0.5-2 mm, and the inner side of the bullet-facing surface is torn in a round hole stretching shape; if the bullet penetrates through the fuel tank, the back of the fuel tank is torn open and turned outwards, and the damage state is completely different from the bullet-facing surface, so that a large amount of fuel oil is leaked instantly. To the protection of military vehicle oil tank, science and technology personnel have carried out more research.
CN 107825957A discloses a military bulletproof protection oil tank shell and a preparation method thereof. This military oil tank casing is by outer to interior according to doing: the composite bulletproof and explosion-proof composite material comprises five structural levels, namely an impact-resistant layer, a hard bulletproof layer, a composite bulletproof and explosion-proof layer, a composite sealing layer and a metal shell core layer. The anti-oil-seepage composite oil tank has the advantages that the anti-oil-seepage composite oil tank can be integrally assembled with a metal shell core layer through a metal bolt connecting device, and the anti-oil-seepage composite oil tank can be integrally guaranteed through the external composite oil tank fittings of the multilayer structure, and meanwhile has the protection capability of various robbers (such as handguns, rifle bullets and explosive fragments).
CN 207160646U discloses a bulletproof oil tank with leakage prevention. This oil tank includes oil tank body and inhales oil pipe mechanism, and the oil tank body includes the anticorrosion coating that sets gradually from inside to outside, the shaping metal level, first foam metal buffer layer, the rubber layer, first flame retardant coating, interior steel sheet layer, second foam metal buffer layer, the shellproof layer of fiber fabric and outer steel sheet layer, inhales oil pipe mechanism and includes inhaling oil pipe and sealed lid, sealed lid protrusion oil tank body surface, the inside trompil metal cylinder that stretches into the oil tank body that is equipped with of sealed lid, the sealed lid outside is equipped with heat dissipation mechanism. The product has good bulletproof performance, can effectively prevent oil gas leakage and oil tank explosion, and greatly improves the reliability. Therefore, the protective performance of the oil tank can be obviously improved by hanging the bulletproof composite material on the oil tank, but the weight is obviously increased.
The principle of protecting the oil tank by adding and hanging the composite armor is to realize that bullets cannot enter the oil tank and ensure the safety of the oil tank, but the protective performance of the composite armor has strict requirements on the types of the bullets, for example, if the added and hung composite armor prevents 53-type 7.62mm armor-piercing combustion bullets, the composite armor cannot protect the oil tank when meeting high-power bullets, so the protective effect is single, and the weight gain influence on a vehicle body is serious.
The lightweight military equipment is an effective guarantee for improving maneuverability and fighting capacity, and by the structural design of the oil tank and the application of a new material, the oil tank is prevented from leaking or generating only trace leakage after being impacted under the condition of minimum weight increment, so that the lightweight military equipment has an important significance for improving the fighting capacity of the military equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at various defects of the existing bulletproof oil tank, the invention provides a new-structure oil tank capable of preventing oil leakage after bullet landing, wherein the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-backing surface of the oil tank are both of double-wall structures, and the bullet-facing surface is respectively provided with a metal plate-metal grid and a perforated soft foam-fiber reinforced resin plate-an elastomer layer-a metal plate in the oil tank from outside to inside; the back elastic surface oil tank structure sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside, the tearing of the metal back surface by the elastic penetration is inhibited through the fiber reinforced resin composite material, the phenomenon that the elastomer cannot self-contract due to the metal tearing of the oil tank body after the elastic penetration is avoided, the elastic body layer can self-contract after the elastic penetration, and an elastic hole is sealed; the oil tank is prevented from leaking after being impacted by supporting the metal pipe and storing micro-leaked fuel by the open-cell foam. Compared with the oil tank hanging bulletproof material, the invention realizes the effect that bullets hit or penetrate the oil tank without oil leakage, and has the effects of wider bulletproof variety and obvious weight reduction.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the oil tank with a brand new structure for preventing oil leakage after impact is characterized in that an impact surface and an impact surface of the oil tank are both of a double-wall structure, and the impact surface is respectively provided with a metal plate outside the oil tank body, a metal grid and an open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer, a primer and a metal plate inside the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a primer, an adhesive, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside;
the scheme can be suitable for clearly determining the conditions of the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank in the using process, such as the oil tank of a vehicle with common protection requirements;
on the basis of the technical scheme, the inventor further expands a more comprehensive technical scheme as follows:
the oil tank is characterized in that the five other surfaces of the oil tank are designed into a double-wall structure outside the top of the oil tank, and a metal plate outside the oil tank body, a metal grid and open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer, a primer, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an adhesive, a primer and a metal plate inside the oil tank are arranged inside the double-wall structure from outside to inside in sequence. The technical scheme can realize penetration of bullets on any surface and penetration of bottom explosive fragments to the oil tank without oil leakage, so that better protection can be provided for the vehicle oil tank with high protection requirements;
no matter which of the above technical solutions, the materials and compositions adopted therein are the same and are not distinguished by the difference of the protection grade, wherein:
in the two technical schemes, the double-wall distances of the double-wall structures of the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank shell or the rest five surfaces outside the top of the oil tank can be the same or different, preferably 10-200 mm, and further preferably 15-80 mm.
The outer metal plate of the oil tank and the inner metal plate of the oil tank are respectively selected from one or more of steel, special steel, armored aluminum, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and other common metal materials of the oil tank. The choice of such materials is a routine matter in the art and is not individually limited by the inventors.
Preferable examples of the metal grid material are not limited to steel, special steel, armored aluminum, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy.
The thickness of the metal grid plate is preferably 0.5-10 mm, and further preferably 1-5 mm.
The section of the metal grating plate is L-shaped, the inner angle of the L-shaped is an obtuse angle, the length of the inner angle is not more than the width of the oil tank surface, and further, the short side length of the metal grating plate is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2The short edge is connected to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank in a welding or riveting mode, the distance H between the two metal grid plates in the vertical direction is equal to the value range of H2<h<H2+DBullet diameter，
In addition, a flat plate type grating can be adopted, the shape of the flat plate type grating is shown in fig. 5, the length of the flat plate type grating is not more than the width of the surface of the oil tank, the non-welding surface is inclined to the top of the oil tank, the included angle between the non-welding surface and the outer metal plate of the oil tank body is an acute angle α, as shown in fig. 6, the distance h between two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is b × cos α -b × cos α + DBullet diameterWherein b is the width of the flat grid,
the two grid patterns can be selected according to requirements, for example, a light-weight grid can be selected when the weight is strictly required.
The open-cell soft foam is a foam material which is insoluble in gasoline or diesel oil for corresponding vehicles, the open-cell rate is preferably more than or equal to 50%, and more preferably more than or equal to 80%, for example, but not limited to one or more of polyurethane open-cell soft foam, PE open-cell soft foam or EVA open-cell soft foam, or a finished product of the foam material with the performance is directly foamed in situ in a grid gap.
The fiber reinforced resin plate is a plate formed by compounding fibers and resin after the fibers are treated by a certain means; wherein the fiber is glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene-bis
Figure BDA0002502004950000031
One or more fibers selected from azole fibers (PBO fibers), carbon fibers or basalt fibers; in addition, the composite material can also be one or a plurality of mixed layer structures of unidirectional cloth, UD cloth, woven cloth or felt cloth which are composed of the fibers, and the two modes both need to be compounded with resin to form corresponding plates;
the resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is not limited to thermoplastic film which is formed by one or more of EVA resin, polyurethane resin, vinyl resin, epoxy resin and phenolic resin and can be used for hot-press forming or liquid resin used for infusion process; the weight content of the resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is preferably 20-70%, and more preferably 30-60%.
The thickness of the fiber reinforced resin plate is preferably 2-30 mm, and more preferably 5-15 mm;
the fiber reinforced resin plate can be directly prepared by adopting the materials by utilizing the prior art, and can also be a product meeting the requirements in the market, and the preparation method is specifically determined according to the requirements;
the elastomer resin is preferably elastomer resin with the hardness of between Shore A0 and Shore A99, and is further preferably elastomer resin with the hardness of between Shore A65 and Shore A90 and containing isocyanate groups in molecular chains. Examples of the prepolymer include but are not limited to polyurethane prepolymers of V6060, E455, LF1900, polyurethane prepolymer of XJ-4092, WST5028 ultra-thick film protective coating WS T601, etc. of Corps.
The thickness of the elastomer resin in the oil tank interlayer is preferably 1-100 mm, and more preferably 3-50 mm.
The separator is preferably 0.02 to 1mm thick, and examples are not limited to polyester films or polycarbonate films.
The primer is a material having surface adhesion improvement known in the art, and is not limited to a compound or mixture containing epoxy groups or isocyanate groups.
Except for special descriptions, the components are all products directly purchased in the market, and the inventor does not need to describe the components again.
The functional layers have the following functions and effects:
the metal grating is mainly used for changing the trajectory of shot or explosive fragments and attenuating energy, and meanwhile, a space formed by the inclined metal grating can also store trace leaked fuel to avoid external leakage of the fuel.
The open-cell foam is arranged between the metal grids, so that the aperture between the metal grids is filled, and when the open-cell foam is broken down, the open-cell foam can absorb leaked trace fuel by utilizing the space of the open-cell foam;
the metal grids and the fiber reinforced resin plate can be fixedly connected without fixed connection, and can also be fixedly connected by adopting an adhesive or other modes, the fiber reinforced resin plate prevents the elastomer liquid resin from flowing into the grids when the elastomer resin is poured subsequently, and meanwhile, the energy of the shot is further attenuated by utilizing the fiber strength of the fiber reinforced resin plate and the elasticity of the resin;
the elastomer resin can automatically shrink after being punctured by utilizing the self-shrinkage characteristic so as to seal the bullet hole and prevent fuel leakage;
the fiber reinforced resin plate with the back elastic surface or the fiber reinforced resin plate close to the metal plate in the oil tank has the main functions of inhibiting the tearing of the elastic penetration to the metal substrate by utilizing the self strength, preventing the condition that the elastomer resin cannot shrink by itself due to the outward turning tearing of the metal of the tank body of the oil tank, and simultaneously consuming the energy of the shot, thereby avoiding the leakage of fuel from a penetration port;
the isolation film mainly has the function of isolating the outer metal plate of the elastic body back elastic surface oil tank, and if the shot breaks through the outer metal plate of the oil tank, a certain space is formed by the breakdown deformation of the outer metal plate to store trace leaked fuel; due to the action of the previous layers, the bullet speed of the bullet is greatly reduced, and the bullet cannot be torn too much even if the bullet penetrates through the oil tank, so that a certain space is formed between the deformed part of the metal plate outside the oil tank and the isolating membrane, and the fuel can be leaked in a small amount to prevent leakage;
synthesize above-mentioned advantage, the oil tank that this application provided seals the bullet hole through the self-contraction characteristic of elastomer layer, and through fibre reinforced resin board restrain the metal substrate and run through tearing, stores the fuel of trace seepage through metal grid space and trompil foam, realizes that the oil tank is leakagely after the bullet. Compared with the oil tank hanging bulletproof material, the invention has the advantages of wider protection applicability and obvious weight reduction.
The inventor further provides a preparation method of the bullet-facing surface interlayer:
① preparing metal grating by cutting metal plate, bending into L-shaped section with inner angle of L-shape being obtuse angle, wherein the length of short side of metal grating is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2；
② processing the metal grid H1The surface of the metal grid plate is welded on the inner side of the outer metal plate of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body, and the distance between the two metal grid plates in the vertical direction is H2～H2+DBullet diameterCleaning the interlayer, wherein no oil stain residue or other visible dirt exists;
polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body, and smearing priming paint;
filling open-cell soft foam in the gaps of the grids or foaming the gaps of the grids by adopting a field foaming process, and repairing the foam along the grids to enable the outer sides of the foams to be smooth, so that the subsequent attachment of the fiber reinforced resin plate is facilitated;
fifthly, vertically placing the fiber reinforced resin plate subjected to surface treatment between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface in a manner of being tightly attached to the metal grating, and enabling the fiber reinforced resin plate to be tightly attached to the metal grating, wherein if necessary, an adhesive can be adopted for bonding;
and sixthly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, injecting elastomer resin into a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate and the metal plate in the oil tank body, and curing to finish the preparation of the bullet-facing surface. If the elastomer plate is adopted, the two bonding surfaces of the elastomer plate are coated with adhesives which are verified to be firmly bonded, so that the two surfaces of the elastomer plate are fixedly connected with the fiber reinforced resin plate and the inner metal plate respectively;
through the steps, the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body is manufactured.
The preparation method of the back elastic surface interlayer comprises the following steps:
polishing the outer side of a metal plate in a back elastic surface of an oil tank body, cleaning the metal plate, and smearing a primer containing an isocyanate structure without oil stain residues or other visible dirt;
secondly, treating the surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate, coating primer containing isocyanate structures on the two surfaces, and firmly bonding the fiber reinforced resin plate and the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank by using adhesive containing isocyanate structures;
thirdly, laying an isolation membrane on the inner side of the metal plate outside the elastic surface of the oil tank body;
fourthly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, the elastomer resin is injected into a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate and the isolating membrane, and the preparation of the back elastic surface is finished after the elastomer resin is cured; if the elastomer plate is adopted, the surface of the elastomer plate which needs to be bonded with the fiber reinforced resin plate needs to be coated with an adhesive which is proved to be firmly bonded, so that the elastomer plate is fixedly connected with the fiber reinforced resin plate
Through the steps, the manufacturing of the back elastic surface of the oil tank body is completed.
And fixing the upper cover of the oil tank and the tank body of the oil tank well to finish the preparation of the oil tank.
The preparation method of the anti-leakage oil tank after full protection and bullet catching comprises the following specific steps:
① preparing metal grating by cutting metal plate, bending into L-shaped section with inner angle of L-shape being obtuse angle, wherein the length of short side of metal grating is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2；
② processing the metal grid H1The surface of the metal grating plate is welded on the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank body, and the distance between the two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is H2～H2+DBullet diameterCleaning the interlayer, wherein no oil stain residue or other visible dirt exists;
polishing the outer side of a metal plate in the oil tank body, and smearing priming paint;
filling open-cell soft foam in gaps of the metal grids or foaming in the gaps of the grids by adopting a field foaming process, and repairing the foam along the grids to enable the outer sides of the foams to be flat, so that the subsequent attachment of the fiber reinforced resin plate is facilitated;
fifthly, vertically placing the fiber reinforced resin plate subjected to surface treatment between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface in a manner of being tightly attached to the metal grating, and enabling the fiber reinforced resin plate to be tightly attached to the metal grating, wherein if necessary, an adhesive can be adopted for bonding;
sixthly, treating the surface of the other fiber reinforced resin plate, coating primer containing isocyanate structure on two bonding surfaces of the other fiber reinforced resin plate, and then firmly bonding the fiber reinforced resin plate and the outer side of the metal plate in the oil tank by using adhesive containing isocyanate structure;
seventhly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, elastomer resin is injected into a gap between the two fiber reinforced resin plates, and the bullet-facing surface preparation is completed after curing; if the elastomer plate is adopted, the two bonding surfaces of the elastomer plate are coated with the adhesive which is verified to be firmly bonded, and the adhesive is placed into the gap between the two fiber reinforced resin plates and is firmly bonded.
When the flat plate grating is adopted, the welding process is only required to be firmly welded on the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank according to the designed included angle alpha, and other steps are completely the same as the steps.
The double-wall structure of the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank shell or other five surfaces of the full-protection oil tank except the top surface can be designed before the oil tank is produced, and the oil tank can also be additionally installed on the existing oil tank through a necessary processing means.
The double-wall spacing of the double-wall structure of the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank shell or the double-wall spacing of the other five surfaces of the full-protection oil tank except the top surface can be the same or different, preferably 10-200 mm, and further preferably 15-80 mm; the thickness of each functional layer can be adjusted according to the actual condition.
Compared with the oil tank with the added bulletproof material, the oil tank obtained by the method has the advantages that the surface of the oil tank can be treated by the surface treatment process of the traditional oil tank, such as sand blasting, stealth paint coating and the like, the penetration of various bullets and explosive fragments to the oil tank can be prevented, the fuel leakage is avoided, and the weight reduction is obvious. The preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, easily-purchased raw materials, low and controllable cost, good leakage-proof effect and easy popularization, and is suitable for striking bullets with bullet diameters of 12.7mm and below without oil leakage.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the cross-section of a tank obtained according to the present application,
figure 2 is a schematic view of the longitudinal section of the tank obtained by the present application,
as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both of a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate-metal grid and an open-cell soft foam-fiber reinforced resin plate-an elastomer layer-a primer-an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a primer, an adhesive, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a full-protection oil tank,
as can be seen from the figure, the oil tank is sequentially provided with an outer metal plate of the oil tank, a metal grid, open-cell foam materials filled between the grids, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer, the fiber reinforced resin plate and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an L-shaped metal grid used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a flat metal grid used in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the welding and fixing of the flat metal grid in the fuel tank when the invention is used.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter is limited to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention, and the following embodiments are all completed by adopting the conventional prior art except for the specific description.
In the following embodiments, the oil tank may follow the design scheme of the external structure of the original oil tank, the used metal may be any one of steel, special steel, armored aluminum, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, and the like, the bullet facing surface and the bullet backing surface of the oil tank are determined, the interlayer may be designed by welding or riveting a plate material with the same or different material as the oil tank body externally connected to the bullet facing surface and the bullet backing surface of the oil tank or respectively welded or riveted to the inner sides of the bullet facing surface and the bullet backing surface, and it is ensured that the welded or riveted part does not leak, and the distance between the double walls is preferably 10-200 mm, and is further preferably 15-80 mm. The specific scheme can be flexibly selected according to requirements.
Preferable examples of the metal grid material are not limited to steel, special steel, armored aluminum, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy.
The thickness of the metal grid plate is preferably 0.5-10 mm, and further preferably 1-5 mm.
The section of the metal grating plate is L-shaped, the inner angle of the L-shaped is an obtuse angle, the length of the inner angle is not more than the width of the oil tank surface, and further, the short side length of the metal grating plate is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2The short edge is connected to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank in a welding or riveting mode, the distance H between the two metal grid plates in the vertical direction is equal to the value range of H2<h<H2+DBullet diameter，
In addition, the cross section of the flat plate type grating can be a flat plate type grating, the length of the flat plate type grating is not more than the width of the surface of the oil tank, the non-welding surface is inclined to the top of the oil tank, the included angle between the non-welding surface and the outer metal plate of the oil tank body is an acute angle α, the distance h between two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is the value range of b × cos α -b × cos α + DBullet diameterWherein b is the width of the flat grid,
the open-cell soft foam is a foam material which is insoluble in gasoline or diesel oil for corresponding vehicles, the open-cell rate is preferably more than or equal to 50%, and more preferably more than or equal to 80%, for example, but not limited to one or more of polyurethane open-cell soft foam, PE open-cell soft foam or EVA open-cell soft foam, or a finished product of the foam material with the performance is directly foamed in situ in a grid gap.
The fiber reinforced resin plate is a plate formed by compounding fibers and resin after the fibers are treated by a certain means; wherein the fiber is glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene-bis
Figure BDA0002502004950000061
One or more fibers selected from azole fibers (PBO fibers), carbon fibers or basalt fibers; in addition, the composite material can also be one or a plurality of mixed layer structures of unidirectional cloth, UD cloth, woven cloth or felt cloth which are composed of the fibers, and the two modes both need to be compounded with resin to form corresponding plates;
the resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is not limited to thermoplastic film which is formed by one or more of EVA resin, polyurethane resin, vinyl resin, epoxy resin and phenolic resin and can be used for hot-press forming or liquid resin used for infusion process; the weight content of the resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is preferably 20-70%, and more preferably 30-60%.
The thickness of the fiber reinforced resin plate is preferably 2-30 mm, and more preferably 5-15 mm;
the fiber reinforced resin plate can be directly prepared by adopting the materials by utilizing the prior art, and can also be a product meeting the requirements in the market, and the preparation method is specifically determined according to the requirements;
for example:
the hot-press forming process comprises the following steps: taking an EVA resin adhesive film as an example, cutting aramid fiber woven cloth with a certain surface density and an EVA resin film into designed sizes, orderly and alternately laying the aramid fiber woven cloth and the EVA resin film together, putting the aramid fiber woven cloth and the EVA resin film into a preheated flat press, cutting the aramid fiber woven cloth and the EVA resin film by using high-pressure water cutting equipment according to the designed sizes after pressing is finished, and airing the cut aramid fiber woven cloth and the EVA resin film to finish the preparation of the fiber reinforced resin layer;
the vacuum infusion process comprises the steps of taking swancor905 vinyl resin as an example, cutting aramid fiber woven cloth according to the designed layers and sizes, putting the cut cloth on a glass workbench in an orderly mode, then sequentially laying demolding cloth and a flow guide net, sealing a vacuum bag, checking whether air leakage exists, adding a catalyst and an initiator into the weighed vinyl resin, stirring uniformly, guiding the mixture into the laid vacuum bag by using pressure difference, and cutting the mixture according to requirements after curing to finish the preparation of the fiber reinforced resin layer. The fiber reinforced resin layer on the bullet-facing surface needs to be firmly bonded with the elastomer layer, and the fiber reinforced resin layer on the bullet-back surface needs to be firmly bonded with the metal plate in the bullet-back surface.
The elastomer resin is preferably elastomer resin with the hardness of between Shore A0 and Shore A99, and is further preferably elastomer resin with the hardness of between Shore A65 and Shore A90 and containing isocyanate groups in molecular chains. Examples of the prepolymer include but are not limited to polyurethane prepolymers of V6060, E455, LF1900, polyurethane prepolymer of XJ-4092, WST5028 ultra-thick film protective coating WS T601, etc. of Corps.
In addition to the above products, they can be prepared by existing processes, such as:
taking a casting polyurethane elastomer as an example, the molding process comprises the following steps: the pouring equipment adopts a Bolei match type pouring machine, the melted prepolymer and the melted curing agent are respectively added into corresponding charging pots, pouring parameters are set, the molten prepolymer and the melted curing agent are respectively poured into a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate in the bullet-facing surface and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface and a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate in the bullet-facing surface and the isolating membrane, and after the complete curing is finished, the preparation of the elastomer layer is finished.
The elastomer layer is required to be firmly bonded with the inner metal plate on the bullet-facing surface, the bonding strength is larger than or equal to 2MPa, the elastomer layer is required to be firmly bonded with the fiber reinforced resin layer on the bullet-back surface, the bonding strength is larger than or equal to 0.5MPa, and the thickness of the elastomer resin in the oil tank interlayer is preferably 1-100 mm, and is further preferably 3-50 mm.
The separator is preferably 0.02 to 1mm thick, and examples are not limited to polyester films or polycarbonate films.
The primer is a material having surface adhesion improvement known in the art, and is not limited to a compound or mixture containing epoxy groups or isocyanate groups.
Except for special instructions, the components are directly purchased in the market.
Example 1
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 30mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 15 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing an epoxy group.
The metal grid is made of Q235 steel plates with the thickness of 1 mm. Firstly, a steel bar with the width of 25mm and the width of 21.2mm is cut, the steel bar with the length of 135 degrees is bent at the position 21.2mm in the width direction of the steel bar with the width of 25mm, the steel bar with the length of 21.2mm is welded at the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank is 45 degrees, and the short edge of the bent steel bar is welded on the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank.
The polyurethane soft foam with the aperture ratio of more than 90 percent is cut into prisms with the side length of 16mm, and the prisms are sequentially placed in the gaps of the grids.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: the surface density of the square cloth woven by k129 fiber of DuPont is 410g, and the EVA adhesive film with the thickness of 0.03mm is alternately layered, and the square cloth and the EVA adhesive film are hot pressed into a 5mm plate by a flat vulcanizing machine, the resin content is 30 percent, and the plate is cut according to the size. Brushing primer containing epoxy groups on one surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface, and putting the primer-brushed surface facing the metal plate in the oil tank and tightly attached to the grating into a gap between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface; the back elastic surface is coated with special primer containing epoxy groups on two sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate, after the primer is dried, one side of the primer is coated with two-component polyurethane structural adhesive purchased in the market, such as but not limited to YB2003/YB8001 two-component polyurethane structural adhesive of Shanghai Hansi industry Co., Ltd, and then the coated surface is firmly bonded with the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank, wherein the bonding strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polyester film with the thickness of 0.02mm, and sticking the polyester film to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: XJ-4092 polyurethane prepolymer produced by Shandong non-metallic materials research institute is poured into gaps between a fiber reinforced resin plate on a bullet-facing surface and an inner metal plate and between a fiber reinforced resin plate on a bullet-back surface and an isolation film by a pouring process with tensile strength of more than 30MPa and hardness of Shore A80, a Bolei match type pouring machine and a Bolei match type pouring machine, and the gap is solidified to finish the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 30kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface being 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface is increased by 17kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-back surface being 1 multiplied by 1m, and through shooting tests, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by bullets with the caliber being less than 12.7 mm.
Example 2
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 50mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 25 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing isocyanate groups.
The metal grid is made of stainless steel plates with the thickness of 2 mm. Firstly, a steel bar with the width of 55mm and the width of 50mm is cut, the steel bar with the length of 150 mm is bent at the position 50mm in the width direction of the steel bar with the width of 55mm, the steel bar with the length of 50mm is welded at the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, the included angle between the steel bar and the bottom of the oil tank is 60 degrees, and the short edge of the bent steel bar is welded on the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank according to the distance.
Cutting the PE soft foam with the aperture ratio of more than 90% into prisms with the side length of 44mm, and sequentially placing the prisms into gaps of the grids.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: the high-strength glass fiber reinforced resin plate with the thickness of 10mm is prepared by adopting a vacuum flow guide process for plaid cloth with the surface density of 400g woven by high-strength glass fibers and swancor905 vinyl resin, the resin content is 40%, and the plate is cut according to the size. Coating special primer containing epoxy groups on two sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate, coating primer containing isocyanate groups on one side of the fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing side, and putting the primer facing the metal plate in the oil tank and clinging to the grating into a gap between the grating and the metal plate on the bullet-facing side; the back elastic surface is formed by brushing special primer containing epoxy groups on two surfaces of a fiber reinforced resin plate, smearing commercially available UK8103/UK5400 two-component polyurethane structural adhesive for Shanghai thicknessee fine chemical engineering on one surface after the primer is dried, and then firmly adhering the adhesive surface to the outer side of a metal plate in a back elastic surface oil box, wherein the adhesive strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polyester film with the thickness of 0.05mm, and sticking the polyester film on the inner side of the metal plate outside the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: the preparation method comprises the steps of using LF1900 polyurethane prepolymer produced by Korea company, wherein the tensile strength is more than 35MPa, the hardness is Shore A90, adopting a manual pouring process, uniformly stirring the LF1900 polyurethane prepolymer and dimethyl-thio-toluene diamine (E300), pouring a defoamed glue solution into gaps between a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface and an inner metal plate and a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-back surface and an isolation membrane, and solidifying to finish the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 58kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface of 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface of the protective structure is increased by 37kg calculated according to the diameter of 1 multiplied by 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by bullets with the caliber of less than 12.7 mm.
Example 3
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 80mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 66 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing an epoxy group.
The metal grid is made of a titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 5 mm. Firstly cutting a 30mm wide strip, cutting a 21.2mm titanium alloy strip, bending the titanium alloy strip into a position with an angle a of 135 degrees at a position 21.2mm in the width direction of the 30mm wide titanium alloy strip according to the width of the oil tank, welding the 21.2mm titanium alloy strip at the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the bottom of the oil tank, and riveting the short edge of the bent titanium alloy strip on the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank at an interval of 15 mm.
And cutting the EVA soft foam with the aperture ratio of more than 80% into prisms with the side length of 16mm, and sequentially placing the prisms into the gaps of the grids.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: pressed into 15mm thick sheets with a PEUD cloth of areal density 160g and cut to size. Coating special primer containing carbamate groups on two sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate, and putting the bullet-facing side close to the grating into the interlayer; the fiber reinforced resin plate on the back elastic surface is coated with a two-component polyurethane structural adhesive of UK88/UK5400 of Shanghai Youpu trade company purchased in the market and is adhered to the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface, and the adhesion strength is more than or equal to 0.5 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polycarbonate sheet with the thickness of 1mm, and sticking the sheet to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: WS T601 polyurethane prepolymer produced by Shandong non-metallic materials institute is vulcanized into a polyurethane plate with the thickness of 50mm, the tensile strength is more than 25MPa, the hardness is Shore A85, an adhesive is smeared, and the polyurethane plate is respectively put into gaps between a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface and an inner metal plate and between a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface and an isolation film, so that the bonding strength is ensured to be more than or equal to 1MPa, and the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body is completed.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 110kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface of 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface of the protective structure is increased by 66kg calculated according to the diameter of 1 multiplied by 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by a bullet with the caliber of 12.7 mm.
Example 4
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 60mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 60 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing an epoxy group.
The metal grid is made of bulletproof aluminum plates with the thickness of 4 mm. Firstly cutting a 55mm wide strip, additionally cutting a 50mm aluminum strip, bending the 50mm wide bulletproof aluminum strip into an angle a of 135 degrees at the 50mm position in the width direction of the 55mm wide bulletproof aluminum strip according to the width of the oil tank, and welding the 50mm aluminum strip at the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, wherein the included angle between the aluminum strip and the bottom of the oil tank is 45 degrees. And riveting the short edge of the bent bulletproof aluminum strip at the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank according to the distance of 35 mm.
The polyurethane soft foam with the aperture ratio of more than 80 percent is cut into prisms with the side length of 35mm, and the prisms are sequentially placed in gaps of the grids.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: alternately laying aramid fiber felt cloth and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive films with the thickness of 0.05mm on the bullet-facing surface, hot-pressing the layers into a 5mm plate by using a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the resin content is 60 percent, and cutting the plate according to the size. The method is characterized in that a high-strength glass fiber reinforced resin plate with the thickness of 20mm is prepared by adopting a vacuum flow guide process for a piece of checkered cloth with the surface density of 400g woven by basalt fibers and swancor905 vinyl resin, the resin content is 55%, and the resin plate is cut according to the size. Brushing primer containing epoxy groups on one surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface, and putting the primer-brushed surface facing the metal plate in the oil tank and tightly attached to the grating into a gap between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface; the back elastic surface is coated with special primer containing epoxy group on both sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate, after the primer is dried, toughened epoxy 2022AB glue produced by the Airlet investment company is coated on one side of the primer, and then the coated surface is firmly adhered to the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank, and the adhesive strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polycarbonate ester sheet with the thickness of 0.5mm, and sticking the sheet to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: the preparation method is characterized in that Graco-XP3 is adopted, a WS T5028 super-thick film elastomer produced by Shandong nonmetal material research institute is sprayed to gaps between a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface and an inner metal plate, and between a fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-back surface and an isolation film, the tensile strength of the material is greater than 20MPa, and the hardness is Shore A85, so that the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body is completed.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 84kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface of 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface of the protective structure is increased by 60kg calculated according to the diameter of 1 multiplied by 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by a bullet with the caliber of 12.7 mm.
Example 5
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 45mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 20 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing an epoxy group.
The metal grid is made of a magnesium alloy plate with the thickness of 3mm and a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1.5 mm. Firstly cutting a magnesium alloy plate into a strip with the width of 50mm, cutting another stainless steel strip with the length of 42.5mm, bending the magnesium alloy plate into a position with the width of 42.5mm in the width direction of the magnesium alloy strip with the width of 50mm to form an angle a of 135 degrees, and welding the stainless steel strip with the length of 42.5mm at the included angle between the missile-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, wherein the included angle between the stainless steel strip and the bottom of the oil tank is 45 degrees. And riveting the short edge of the bent magnesium alloy strip at the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank according to the distance of 30 mm.
And (3) sequentially injecting the polyurethane soft foam resin with the foaming opening rate of more than 95% into the gaps of the grids, and cutting and repairing the foam outside the grids after foaming is finished.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: the bullet-facing surface is formed by alternately laying 410g of checkered cloth woven by K129 fibers of DuPont and 0.03mm thick EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive films, hot-pressing the layers into a 5mm plate by a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the resin content is 30%, and cutting the plate according to the size. The back elastic surface is paved by an inclined grain cloth woven by carbon fiber with the surface density of 200g and a plain grain cloth woven by PBO fiber with the surface density of 170 in an interlayer mode, epoxy resin is used for preparing a high-strength glass fiber reinforced resin plate with the thickness of 10mm by adopting a vacuum flow guide process, the resin content is 50%, and the high-strength glass fiber reinforced resin plate is cut according to the size. Brushing primer containing epoxy groups on one surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface, and putting the primer-brushed surface facing the metal plate in the oil tank and tightly attached to the grating into a gap between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface; coating special epoxy group-containing primer on two sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate for the back elastic surface, and coating commercially available Shanghai Hansi industry Co., Ltd on one side of the primer after the primer is dried
Figure BDA0002502004950000111
And (3) curing the polyurethane adhesive by using the single component moisture, and then firmly bonding the adhesive surface with the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank, wherein the bonding strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polycarbonate ester sheet with the thickness of 0.5mm, and sticking the sheet to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: XJ 4095 polyurethane prepolymer produced by Shandong non-metallic material research institute is uniformly stirred with a curing agent, and is poured into an interlayer of a bullet-facing surface and a bullet-backing surface after being defoamed in a vacuum oven, the tensile strength of the material is more than 15MPa, and the hardness is Shore A65, so that the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body is completed.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 28kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface of 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface of the protective structure is increased by 21kg calculated according to the diameter of 1 multiplied by 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by a bullet with the caliber of 12.7 mm.
Example 6
Oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact and preparation method thereof
The bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both designed into a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface respectively comprises an outer metal plate, a metal grid, open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastic body layer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside.
The double-wall clearance of the bullet-facing surface is 45mm, and the double-wall clearance of the bullet-backing surface is 20 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank, the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-back surface of the oil tank and the bottom surface of the interlayer by using 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing an epoxy group.
The metal grid is made of 1.5mm stainless steel plates. A stainless steel plate is cut into 50mm wide strips, stainless steel strips are welded upwards at the included angle between the missile-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank in sequence, the included angle between the stainless steel strips and the inner side of the missile-facing surface of the oil tank is 45 degrees, and the distance between the stainless steel strips and the inner side of the missile-facing surface of the oil tank is selected at will between 35.4 mm and 42 mm.
And (3) sequentially injecting the polyurethane soft foam resin with the foaming opening rate of more than 95% into the gaps of the grids, and cutting and repairing the foam outside the grids after foaming is finished.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: the cloth woven by K129 fiber of DuPont company with the surface density of 200g and EVA film with the thickness of 0.03mm are alternately layered, and the 5mm plate is hot pressed by a flat vulcanizing machine with the resin content of 30 percent and is cut according to the size. Brushing primer containing epoxy groups on one surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate on the bullet-facing surface, and putting the primer-brushed surface facing the metal plate in the oil tank and tightly attached to the grating into a gap between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface; coating special epoxy group-containing primer on two sides of the fiber reinforced resin plate for the back elastic surface, and coating commercially available Shanghai Hansi industry Co., Ltd on one side of the primer after the primer is dried
Figure BDA0002502004950000121
And (3) reacting polyurethane hot melt adhesive, and firmly bonding the adhesive coated surface with the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank, wherein the bonding strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
And (3) isolation film: cutting a polycarbonate ester sheet with the thickness of 0.5mm, and sticking the sheet to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the elastic back surface by using double-sided adhesive.
Elastomer layer: XJ 4095 polyurethane prepolymer produced by Shandong non-metallic material research institute is uniformly stirred with melted 4, 4-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline), and is poured into an interlayer of a bullet-facing surface and a bullet-backing surface after being defoamed in a vacuum oven, the tensile strength of the material is more than 15MPa, and the hardness is Shore A70, so that the preparation of the bulletproof oil tank body is completed.
The weight of the protective structure is increased by 28kg calculated according to the diameter of the bullet-facing surface of 1 multiplied by 1m, the weight of the bullet-back surface of the protective structure is increased by 21kg calculated according to the diameter of 1 multiplied by 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel oil leakage does not occur on the outer surface of the fuel oil tank under the condition that the fuel oil tank is punctured by a bullet with the caliber of 12.7 mm.
Example 7
Oil leakage prevention oil tank with full protection after bullet striking and preparation method thereof
Except the top of the oil tank, the rest surfaces are designed into double-wall structures, and the double-wall structures are respectively a metal plate outside the oil tank body, a metal grid and open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin layer, an elastomer layer, a fiber reinforced resin plate and a metal plate inside the oil tank from outside to inside.
The double wall gap was 40 mm.
Treating the base material of the oil tank: and (3) polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the oil tank by using a 60-mesh abrasive cloth, cleaning the metal plate by using acetone, and brushing a primer containing isocyanate.
The metal grid is made of Q235 steel plates with the thickness of 1 mm. Firstly, a steel bar with the width of 25mm and the width of 21.2mm is cut, the steel bar with the length of 135 degrees is bent at the position 21.2mm in the width direction of the steel bar with the width of 25mm, the steel bar with the length of 21.2mm is welded at the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank, the included angle between the bullet-facing surface and the bottom of the oil tank is 45 degrees, and the short edge of the bent steel bar is welded on the inner side of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank.
And (3) sequentially injecting the polyurethane soft foam resin with the foaming opening ratio of more than 90% into the gaps of the grids, and cutting and repairing the foam outside the grids after foaming is finished.
Fiber-reinforced resin sheet: pressed into a 5mm thick sheet with a PEUD cloth having an areal density of 160g and cut to size. One single surface and the other double-surface of the two fiber reinforced resin plates are brushed with special primer containing carbamate groups, and the single-surface-brushed primer-coated fiber resin plate has no primer surface and is tightly attached to the grating and placed in the gap between the grating and the inner metal plate; the fiber reinforced resin plate with the double surfaces coated with the primer is coated with a commercially available Dasen material science and technology HJ-966/GC-966 two-component epoxy structural adhesive on one surface and is bonded to the outer side of the metal plate in the oil tank, and the bonding strength is more than or equal to 1 MPa.
Elastomer layer: the preparation method comprises the steps of pouring the V6060 polyurethane prepolymer which is uniformly mixed with 1, 4-butanediol into a gap between fiber reinforced resin plates by using a Bolei compare type pouring machine with the tensile strength of more than 30MPa and the hardness of Shore A65 of the V6060 polyurethane prepolymer of Kehai polyurethane company, and curing to finish the preparation of the full-protection oil tank body.
The weight of the whole protective structure is increased by 35kg calculated according to 1 x 1m, and through a shooting test, the fuel tank can prevent fuel oil leakage on the outer surface of the fuel tank under the condition that the fuel tank is punctured by bullets and explosive fragments with the caliber of less than 12.7 mm.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a prevent oil leak tank after catching a bullet which characterized in that: the bullet-facing surface and the bullet-back surface of the oil tank are both of a double-wall structure, and the bullet-facing surface is respectively provided with an outer metal plate, a metal grid and an open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer, a primer and an inner metal plate of the oil tank from outside to inside; the structure of the back elastic surface oil tank sequentially comprises an inner metal plate of the oil tank, a primer, an adhesive, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer material, an isolation layer and an outer metal plate of the oil tank from inside to outside;
the metal grid is made of one of steel, special steel, armored aluminum, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy; the section of the metal grating plate is L-shaped or flat, and the inner angle of the L-shaped grating plate is an obtuse angle;
the open-cell soft foam is one or more of polyurethane open-cell soft foam, PE open-cell soft foam or EVA open-cell soft foam,
the fiber reinforced resin plate is a plate formed by processing fibers and compounding the fibers with resin; wherein the fiber is glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene-bis
Figure FDA0002502004940000011
One or more fibers of azole fibers, carbon fibers or basalt fibers; or one or more mixed layer structures of unidirectional cloth, UD cloth, woven cloth or felt cloth which are composed of the fibers, wherein the two modes both need to be compounded with resin to form corresponding plates;
the resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is not limited to thermoplastic film which is formed by one or more of EVA resin, polyurethane resin, vinyl resin, epoxy resin and phenolic resin and can be used for hot-press forming or liquid resin used for infusion process; the weight content of resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is 20-70%;
the elastomer resin is selected from elastomer resins with the hardness of between Shore A0 and Shore A99; the thickness of the elastomer resin in the interlayer of the oil tank is 1-100 mm;
the thickness of the isolation film is 0.02-1 mm, and the isolation film is selected from polyester films or polycarbonate films.
2. The oil tank of claim 1 for preventing oil leakage after impact, comprising: the oil tank is characterized in that the five other surfaces of the oil tank are designed into a double-wall structure outside the top of the oil tank, and a metal plate outside the oil tank body, a metal grid and open-cell soft foam, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an elastomer layer, a primer, a fiber reinforced resin plate, an adhesive, a primer and a metal plate inside the oil tank are arranged inside the double-wall structure from outside to inside in sequence.
3. The oil tank of claim 1 or 2 for preventing oil leakage after impact, characterized in that:
the thickness of the metal grating plate is 0.5-10 mm, and the length of the short side of the L-shaped metal grating plate is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2The short edge is connected to the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank in a welding mode, the distance between the two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is H, and the value range of H is H2<h<H2+DThe diameter of the warhead;
when a flat plate type grating is selected, the length of the flat plate type grating is not more than the width of the surface of the oil tank, the non-welding surface inclines to the top of the oil tank, the included angle between the non-welding surface and the outer metal plate of the oil tank body is an acute angle α, the distance h between the two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is equal to the range of b × cos α -b × cos α + DBullet diameterWherein b is the width of the flat grid.
4. The oil tank of claim 1 or 2 for preventing oil leakage after impact, characterized in that:
the open-cell soft foam has an open-cell rate of more than or equal to 50 percent, or the finished product of the foam material with the same performance as the open-cell soft foam is directly foamed in the gaps of the grating on site.
5. The oil tank of claim 3 for preventing oil leakage after impact, which is characterized in that:
the thickness of the metal grid plate is 1-5 mm, and the opening rate of the open-cell soft foam is more than or equal to 80%.
6. The oil tank of claim 1 or 2 for preventing oil leakage after impact, characterized in that:
the weight content of resin in the fiber reinforced resin plate is 30-60%, and the thickness of the fiber reinforced resin plate is 2-30 mm.
7. The oil tank of claim 1 or 2 for preventing oil leakage after impact, characterized in that:
the thickness of the fiber reinforced resin plate is 5-15 mm, and the elastomer resin is selected from elastomer resins with the hardness of Shore A65-Shore A90 and containing isocyanate groups in molecular chains.
8. The oil tank of claim 1 or 2 for preventing oil leakage after impact, characterized in that: the thickness of the elastomer resin in the interlayer of the oil tank is 3-50 mm.
9. The method for preparing the oil leakage prevention oil tank after the bullet is caught is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the preparation method of the bullet-facing surface interlayer comprises the following steps:
① preparing metal grating by cutting metal plate, bending into L-shaped section with inner angle of L-shape being obtuse angle, wherein the length of short side of metal grating is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2；
② processing the metal grid H1The surface of the metal grid plate is welded on the inner side of the outer metal plate of the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body, and the distance between the two metal grid plates in the vertical direction is H2～H2+DBullet diameterCleaning the interlayer, wherein no oil stain residue or other visible dirt exists;
polishing the outer side of the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body, and smearing priming paint;
filling open-cell soft foam in the gaps of the grids or foaming the gaps of the grids by adopting a field foaming process, and repairing the foam along the grids to enable the outer sides of the foams to be smooth, so that the subsequent attachment of the fiber reinforced resin plate is facilitated;
fifthly, vertically placing the fiber reinforced resin plate subjected to surface treatment between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface in a manner of being tightly attached to the metal grating, and enabling the fiber reinforced resin plate to be tightly attached to the metal grating, wherein if necessary, an adhesive can be adopted for bonding;
sixthly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, injecting elastomer resin into a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate and a metal plate in the oil tank body, and curing to finish the preparation of the bullet-facing surface; if the elastomer plate is adopted, the two bonding surfaces of the elastomer plate are coated with adhesives which are verified to be firmly bonded, so that the two surfaces of the elastomer plate are fixedly connected with the fiber reinforced resin plate and the inner metal plate respectively;
through the steps, the bullet-facing surface of the oil tank body is manufactured;
the preparation method of the back elastic surface interlayer comprises the following steps:
polishing the outer side of a metal plate in a back elastic surface of an oil tank body, cleaning the metal plate, and smearing a primer containing an isocyanate structure without oil stain residues or other visible dirt;
secondly, treating the surface of the fiber reinforced resin plate, coating primer containing isocyanate structures on the two surfaces, and firmly bonding the fiber reinforced resin plate and the outer side of the metal plate in the back elastic surface oil tank by using adhesive containing isocyanate structures;
thirdly, laying an isolation membrane on the inner side of the metal plate outside the elastic surface of the oil tank body;
fourthly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, the elastomer resin is injected into a gap between the fiber reinforced resin plate and the isolating membrane, and the preparation of the back elastic surface is finished after the elastomer resin is cured; if the elastomer plate is adopted, an adhesive which is proved to be firmly bonded needs to be coated on the bonding surface of the elastomer plate and the fiber reinforced resin plate, so that the elastomer plate and the fiber reinforced resin plate are fixedly connected; through the steps, the manufacturing of the back elastic surface of the oil tank body is completed.
10. The method for manufacturing the oil leakage prevention oil tank after the bullet is caught as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps: the oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact is a full-protection oil leakage prevention oil tank after impact,
① preparing metal grating by cutting metal plate, bending into L-shaped section with inner angle of L-shape being obtuse angle, wherein the length of short side of metal grating is H1The vertical height of the long side is H2；
② processing the metal grid H1The surface of the metal grating plate is welded on the inner side of the outer metal plate of the oil tank body, and the distance between the two metal grating plates in the vertical direction is H2～H2+DBullet diameterCleaning the interlayer, wherein no oil stain residue or other visible dirt exists;
polishing the outer side of a metal plate in the oil tank body until no visible dirt exists, and smearing priming paint on the outer side of an inner metal plate;
filling open-cell soft foam in gaps of the metal grids or foaming in the gaps of the grids by adopting a field foaming process, and repairing the foam along the grids to enable the outer sides of the foams to be flat, so that the subsequent attachment of the fiber reinforced resin plate is facilitated;
fifthly, vertically placing the fiber reinforced resin plate subjected to surface treatment between the grating and the metal plate in the bullet-facing surface in a manner of being tightly attached to the metal grating, and enabling the fiber reinforced resin plate to be tightly attached to the metal grating, wherein if necessary, an adhesive can be adopted for bonding;
sixthly, treating the surface of the other fiber reinforced resin plate, coating primer containing isocyanate structure on two bonding surfaces of the other fiber reinforced resin plate, and then firmly bonding the fiber reinforced resin plate and the outer side of the metal plate in the oil tank by using adhesive containing isocyanate structure;
seventhly, when a liquid resin pouring process is adopted, elastomer resin is injected into a gap between the two fiber reinforced resin plates, and the bullet-facing surface preparation is completed after curing; if the elastomer plate is adopted, the two bonding surfaces of the elastomer plate are coated with the adhesive which is verified to be firmly bonded, and the adhesive is placed into the gap between the two fiber reinforced resin plates and is firmly bonded.
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