CN111544601A - 具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂 - Google Patents

具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂 Download PDF

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CN111544601A
CN111544601A CN202010405180.7A CN202010405180A CN111544601A CN 111544601 A CN111544601 A CN 111544601A CN 202010405180 A CN202010405180 A CN 202010405180A CN 111544601 A CN111544601 A CN 111544601A
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drug delivery
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马克·米奇尼克
加里·托马斯·格沃茨
安德鲁·罗克斯雷
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Lubrizol Life Science Health Inc
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    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
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    • A61K9/1617—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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Abstract

提供一种靶向药物递送复合物，其含有粒子、与所述粒子静电连接的靶向部分、和与所述粒子连接或分散或溶解在所述粒子内的活性药物成分。还提供含有多个所述复合物的药物制剂以及用于将活性药物成分靶向至选择的细胞或组织的方法和制备此类制剂的方法。

Description

具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂
本申请是申请日为2013年10月29日、发明名称为“具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂”的中国专利申请No.201380057229.2的分案申请。
本专利申请要求来自2012年10月30日提交的美国申请序列号61/720,112的优先权的权益，其教导通过引用以其整体并入。
发明领域
本发明涉及一种靶向药物递送复合物，其包含粒子、与所述粒子连接的靶向部分和与所述粒子连接或分散或溶解在所述粒子内的药物活性成分。本发明还涉及含有多个这些靶向药物递送复合物的粒子制剂。本发明还涉及通过将活性药物成分配制为靶向药物递送复合物来将活性药物成分靶向至细胞或组织的方法。在一个实施方案中，活性药物成分是毒素。
发明概述
本发明的一个方面涉及一种靶向药物递送复合物，其包含粒子、与所述粒子连接的靶向部分、和与所述粒子连接或分散或溶解在所述粒子内的活性药物成分。在一个实施方案中，活性药物成分是毒素。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种药物制剂，所述药物制剂包含多个所述靶向药物递送复合物和药用载体。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种用于将活性药物成分靶向至选择的细胞或组织的方法，所述方法包括将所述活性药物成分配制为靶向药物递送复合物。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种用于制备靶向至选择的细胞或组织的药物制剂的方法。所述方法包括将针对选择的细胞或组织的靶向部分与多个粒子连接，以及进一步将活性药物成分分散或溶解在所述多个粒子内或与所述多个粒子连接。
附图简述
图1是本发明的靶向药物递送复合物的一个实施方案的示意图。在这个实施方案中，与粒子连接的靶向部分是抗体。这个实施方案还含有分散在粒子内的活性药物成分，尤其是毒素。
发明详述
本发明提供靶向药物递送复合物、在药用载体中含有多个这些靶向药物递送复合物的药物制剂、其用于将活性药物成分靶向至选择的细胞或组织的方法以及制备这些靶向药物递送复合物的方法。
本发明的靶向药物递送复合物包含粒子、活性药物成分(API)、和靶向部分。
本发明的靶向药物递送复合物的粒子可以由任何数量的材料或基质制成，所述材料或基质包括，但决不限于，蜡、天然聚合物、和合成聚合物。粒子可以是可生物降解的，如全部或部分由聚(乳酸-共-羟基乙酸)(PLGA)构成的粒子。
在一个实施方案中，使用脂质作为靶向药物递送复合物的粒子的基质。可以使用的脂质的实例包括，但不限于，巴西棕榈蜡、蜂蜡、山嵛醇(二十二烷醇)、十六烷醇、微晶甘油三酯如dynasan 118(三硬脂酸甘油酯)和聚乙烯蜡。在一个实施方案中，脂质是巴西棕榈蜡，其包括包含4-羟基肉桂酸、ω-羟基羧酸和脂肪酸醇的脂族酯、二酯的巴西棕榈。
然而，如本领域技术人员在阅读本公开时将会理解的，粒子基质也可以包含非脂质。
在一个实施方案中，粒子的基质还包含表面活性剂。可以在粒子基质中使用的表面活性剂包括阳离子型、阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂。此类表面活性剂的实例包括，但不限于，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、N-[1-(2,3-二油酰氧基)]-N,N,N-三甲基铵丙烷甲基硫酸盐DOTAP、溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)、聚山梨醇酯表面活性剂如Tween 20,Tween 80(聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯)、聚乙烯硬脂基醚如Brij 70、硬脂酸钠、肉豆蔻酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠如AOT以及它们的组合。表面活性剂可以以约0.01％至约10％、或约0.05％至约5％或约0.1％至约2％或约0.5％至约2％或约1.0％至约2.0％的水平存在。
在一个实施方案中，通过连接带电部分或调节在靶向药物递送复合物的制备中使用的表面活性剂和/或基质的类型，改变基质上的表面电荷以优化靶向部分的连接。
粒子尺寸优选小于1μm，并且粒子的尺寸的范围为约10nm至1000nm，或约20nm至约900nm，或约30nm至约800nm，或约40nm至约700nm，或约50nm至约650nm，或约100nm至约750nm，或约200nm至约750nm，或约300nm至约750nm，或约300nm至约650nm，或约400nm至约750nm，或约400nm至约660nm，或约500nm至约750nm，或约500nm至约650nm之间。粒子形状可以是，但不限于球形、长球和扁球形、圆柱形、和不规则的形状。
粒子可以是中性的或者可以是带正电的或带负电的，并且可以具有产生净中性、正电或负电的表面电荷的组合。
本发明的靶向药物递送复合物还包含API。API可以通过以下方式中的一种或多种结合至本发明的药物递送粒子中。在一个实施方案中，可以将API溶解在粒子中，得到API在粒子材料或基质中的固体或液体溶液。在备选的实施方案中，可以将API分散在粒子材料或基质内，从而存在API的离散的多原子单元。在又一个实施方案中，可以将API以分子或粒子形式与粒子的外部连接。
可用于本发明中的API的实例包括，但不限于，镇痛药、抗心绞痛药、平喘药、抗心律不齐药、抗血管形成药、抗菌药、抗良性前列腺肥大药、抗囊性纤维化药、抗凝血剂、抗抑郁药、抗糖尿病药、抗癫痫药、抗真菌药、抗痛风药、抗高血压药、抗炎药、抗疟疾药、抗偏头痛药、抗毒蕈碱药、抗肿瘤药、抗肥胖药、抗骨质疏松药、抗帕金森氏病药、抗原生动物药、抗甲状腺药、抗尿失禁药、抗病毒药、抗焦虑药、β-受体阻断剂、心肌收缩药、认知增强药、皮质类固醇、COX-2抑制剂、利尿药、勃起功能障碍改善药、必需脂肪酸、胃肠药、组氨酸受体拮抗剂、激素、免疫抑制药、角质离解剂、白细胞三烯拮抗剂、脂质调节剂、大环内酯、肌肉松弛药、非必需脂肪酸、营养剂、营养油、蛋白酶抑制剂和刺激剂。
在一个实施方案中，活性药物成分是毒素。
本发明的靶向药物递送复合物还包含与粒子的外部连接的靶向部分。所述靶向部分与粒子静电连接，从而该连接不需要靶向部分的任何共价改变。在一个实施方案中，靶向部分与选择的细胞或组织结合。靶向部分的实例包括，但不限于，抗体、Fab、适体、寡核苷酸、小分子和碳水化合物。
包含粒子、API和靶向部分的整个复合物在本文中被称为靶向药物递送复合物。本发明的靶向药物递送复合物具有小于100μm、更优选小于10μm、更优选小于1μm的平均直径。
根据本发明的药物制剂包含多个靶向药物递送复合物和药用载体。
用于与本发明的靶向药物递送复合物一起使用的药用载体是在本领域内公知的并且在标准参考文献如Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences(雷明顿药物科学),MackPublishing Co.,Easton,PA,1985中教导。
本发明的靶向药物递送复合物可用于将活性药物成分靶向至选择的细胞或组织的方法以及制备被靶向至选择的细胞或组织的药物制剂的方法。在这些方法中，针对选择的细胞或组织的靶向部分与粒子静电连接。粒子还包含分散或溶解在粒子内或者与粒子连接的被靶向至细胞至组织的活性药物成分。

Claims (11)

1.一种靶向药物递送复合物，所述靶向药物递送复合物包含粒子、与所述粒子静电连接的靶向部分、和分散或溶解在所述粒子内或与所述粒子连接的活性药物成分，所述粒子包含基质，所述基质具有通过添加表面活性剂而改变的表面电荷以优化靶向部分的连接，所述靶向药物递送复合物具有小于10μm的直径，条件是所述靶向药物递送复合物不包含干细胞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述粒子由包含蜡、天然聚合物和/或合成聚合物的基质制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述靶向部分与选择的细胞或组织结合。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述靶向部分包括抗体、Fab、适体、寡核苷酸、小分子或碳水化合物。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述活性药物成分选自包括下列各项的组：镇痛药、抗心绞痛药、平喘药、抗心律不齐药、抗血管形成药、抗菌药、抗良性前列腺肥大药、抗囊性纤维化药、抗凝血剂、抗抑郁药、抗糖尿病药、抗癫痫药、抗真菌药、抗痛风药、抗高血压药、抗炎药、抗疟疾药、抗偏头痛药、抗毒蕈碱药、抗肿瘤药、抗肥胖药、抗骨质疏松药、抗帕金森氏病药、抗原生动物药、抗甲状腺药、抗尿失禁药、抗病毒药、抗焦虑药、β-受体阻断剂、心肌收缩药、认知增强药、皮质类固醇、COX-2抑制剂、利尿药、勃起功能障碍改善药、必需脂肪酸、胃肠药、组氨酸受体拮抗剂、激素、免疫抑制药、角质离解剂、白细胞三烯拮抗剂、脂质调节剂、大环内酯、肌肉松弛药、非必需脂肪酸、营养剂、营养油、蛋白酶抑制剂和刺激剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述活性药物成分以液体或固体溶液溶解在所述粒子基质中和/或分散在所述粒子基质内和/或粘附于粒子表面。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述活性药物成分未被共价修饰。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物，其中所述靶向部分未被共价修饰。
9.一种药物制剂，所述药物制剂包含多个根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物和药用载体。
10.活性药物成分用于制备靶向至选择的细胞或组织的药物的用途，其中将所述活性药物成分配制为根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的靶向药物递送复合物。
11.一种用于制备靶向至选择的细胞或组织的药物制剂的方法，所述方法包括：
将活性药物成分分散或溶解在粒子内或连接在粒子中或上；以及
将针对所述选择的细胞或组织的靶向部分与所述粒子静电连接，
其中所述粒子包含基质，所述基质具有通过添加表面活性剂而改变的表面电荷以优化靶向部分的连接。
CN202010405180.7A 2012-10-30 2013-10-29 具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂 Pending CN111544601A (zh)

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US61/720,112 2012-10-30
CN201380057229.2A CN104780911A (zh) 2012-10-30 2013-10-29 具有靶向部分的药物递送粒子制剂

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