CN111542997A - Active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger - Google Patents

Active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111542997A
CN111542997A CN201980006624.5A CN201980006624A CN111542997A CN 111542997 A CN111542997 A CN 111542997A CN 201980006624 A CN201980006624 A CN 201980006624A CN 111542997 A CN111542997 A CN 111542997A
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China
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port
capacitor
transistor
winding
circuit
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CN201980006624.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈丽君
赵德琦
吴壬华
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock

Abstract

The invention discloses an active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger. The embodiment of the invention can improve the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit.

Description

Active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to an active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger.
Background
Currently, an active clamp forward and flyback combined circuit is widely applied to a power supply, such as a vehicle-mounted switching power supply of a new energy automobile. An active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit is a topological circuit suitable for occasions with large conversion power, low output voltage and large output current. In order to further satisfy higher input voltage and satisfy the requirements of low voltage and large current output, the active clamp forward and reverse excitation combined circuit needs to be further optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger, a switching power supply and vehicle-mounted equipment, which can improve the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger, which comprises:
the transformer comprises a first primary side winding, a second primary side winding, an iron core and a secondary side winding, wherein:
the first primary side circuit is connected in series with the second primary side circuit, the first primary side circuit is connected with the first primary side winding, the second primary side circuit is connected with the second primary side winding, and the first primary side winding is connected in series with the second primary side winding; the secondary winding is connected with the secondary rectifying circuit;
the first primary side circuit and the second primary side circuit respectively generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal based on an input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are respectively converted into a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the transformer, the direction of the first magnetic flux is the same as that of the second magnetic flux, a third magnetic flux formed by superposing the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux is converted into an induced electromotive force, and the induced electromotive force is converted into a low voltage signal in the secondary side winding and is output.
In one embodiment, the first primary side circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first transistor, and a second transistor, wherein:
the first port of the first capacitor is connected with the first port of the second capacitor, the second port of the second capacitor is connected with the drain electrode of the first transistor, the source electrode of the first transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second transistor, the source electrode of the second transistor is connected with the second port of the first capacitor, the first port of the first primary winding is connected with the first port of the first capacitor and the first port of the second capacitor, and the second port of the first primary winding is connected with the source electrode of the second transistor and the second port of the first capacitor.
In one embodiment, the second primary side circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third transistor, and a fourth transistor, wherein:
a first port of the third capacitor is connected with a first port of the fourth capacitor, a second port of the third capacitor is connected with a drain of the third transistor, a source of the third transistor is connected with a drain of the fourth transistor, a source of the fourth transistor is connected with a second port of the third capacitor, a first port of the second primary winding is connected with a first port of the third capacitor and a first port of the fourth capacitor, and a second port of the second primary winding is connected with a source of the fourth transistor and a second port of the third capacitor;
the second port of the first primary side circuit is connected with the first port of the second primary side circuit, and the first port of the first primary side circuit and the second port of the second primary side circuit are connected with an input voltage.
In one embodiment, a first port of the first primary winding is connected to a first port of the first primary winding, a second port of the first primary winding is connected to a source of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor, a first port of the second primary winding is connected to a second port of the first primary winding and a first port of the second primary winding, and a second port of the second primary winding is connected to a source of the third transistor and a drain of the fourth transistor.
In one embodiment, the secondary rectifier circuit includes a first rectifier diode, a second rectifier diode, a first inductor, and a fifth capacitor, wherein:
and a first port of the fifth capacitor is connected with one end of the first inductor, and a second port of the fifth capacitor is connected with the anode of the second rectifier diode and the anode of the first rectifier diode.
In one embodiment, the secondary winding includes a first port of the secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding, and a third port of the secondary winding, wherein:
and a first port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the second rectifier diode, a second port of the secondary winding is connected with the other end of the first inductor, and a third port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the first rectifier diode.
In one embodiment, the secondary side rectification circuit includes: a third rectifier diode, a fourth rectifier diode, a second inductor, a third inductor, a sixth capacitor, a fourth port of the secondary winding, and a fifth port of the secondary winding, wherein:
the cathode of the third rectifying diode is connected with one end of the second inductor, the anode of the third rectifying diode is connected with the anode of the fourth rectifying diode, the second port of the sixth capacitor is connected with the anode of the third rectifying diode and the anode of the fourth rectifying diode, and one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the second inductor and the first port of the sixth capacitor;
and a fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the third rectifier diode and one end of the second inductor, and a fifth port of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode and the other end of the third inductor.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a switching power supply, which comprises an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger disclosed by the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention.
The third aspect of the invention provides a vehicle-mounted device, which comprises the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention or the switching power supply disclosed in the second aspect of the embodiment of the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first primary side circuit is connected in series with a second primary side circuit, the first primary side circuit is connected with a first primary side winding, the second primary side circuit is connected with a second primary side winding, and the first primary side winding is connected in series with the second primary side winding; the secondary winding is connected with the secondary rectifying circuit. The first primary circuit generates a first electric signal through a first input voltage, the second primary circuit generates a second electric signal through a second input voltage, the transformer converts the first electric signal and the second electric signal into a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux respectively, the direction of the first magnetic flux is the same as that of the second magnetic flux, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux are superposed to obtain a third magnetic flux, the third magnetic flux is converted into induced electromotive force through a secondary winding, and the induced electromotive force is converted into a low-voltage signal through a secondary rectifying circuit and is output. Compared with an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit in the traditional scheme, the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit has the advantages that the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit is connected in series to form two working branches, the two active clamping forward and flyback combined circuits simultaneously bear input voltage, the voltage is kept consistent, and accordingly the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit is widened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present invention, the drawings related to the embodiments or the background art of the present invention will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the primary side circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a secondary rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transformer shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another secondary rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another transformer configuration shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of another integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7B is a current schematic diagram of the working flow of the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle charger shown in fig. 7A at a first stage in a cycle;
FIG. 7C is a current schematic diagram of the second stage of the operation flow of the active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in FIG. 7A within a cycle;
fig. 7D is a current schematic diagram of the third stage of the work flow of the active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A within a cycle;
fig. 7E is a current schematic diagram of the working flow of the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A at a fourth stage in a cycle;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of another integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, system, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
The highest input voltage of the active clamping forward and flyback circuit is about 750V, and the requirement of higher input voltage cannot be met; in order to improve the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit, a feasible way is to use two active clamping forward and backward excitation circuits, the two active clamping forward and backward excitation circuits are respectively a first active clamping forward and backward excitation circuit and a second active clamping forward and backward excitation circuit, the first active clamping forward and backward excitation circuit comprises a first primary side circuit, a first primary side winding and a secondary side rectification circuit, the second active clamping forward and backward excitation circuit comprises a second primary side circuit, a second primary side winding and a secondary side rectification circuit, the first primary side circuit and the second primary side circuit are connected in series, the first primary side circuit and the second primary side circuit bear the input high voltage together, the first primary side circuit bears a first voltage, the second primary side circuit bears a second voltage, the first voltage generates a first electric signal in the first primary side circuit, the second voltage generates a second electric signal in the second primary side circuit, the first electric signal generates a first magnetic flux in the first primary winding, the second electric signal generates a second magnetic flux in the second primary winding, the first magnetic flux generates a first induced electromotive force through the secondary winding, the second magnetic flux generates a second induced electromotive force through the secondary winding, and a third induced electromotive force formed by superposing the first induced electromotive force and the second induced electromotive force generates a low-voltage signal through the secondary winding and outputs the low-voltage signal.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of an integrated vehicle charger according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the vehicle active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit includes: the transformer comprises a first primary side winding, a second primary side winding, an iron core and a secondary side winding. The first primary side circuit is connected with the first primary side winding, the second primary side circuit is connected with the second primary side winding, and the first primary side winding is connected with the second primary side winding in series; the secondary winding is connected with a secondary rectifying circuit; the secondary winding includes: a first port of the secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding, and a third port of the secondary winding.
Compared with an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit, the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit has the advantages that the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit is connected in series to form two working branches, the two active clamping forward and flyback combined circuits simultaneously bear input voltage, the voltage is kept consistent, and accordingly the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit is enlarged.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the primary side circuit shown in fig. 1, which includes a first primary side circuit 110 and a second primary side circuit 120, wherein:
the first primary side circuit 110 includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first transistor Q1, and a second transistor Q2, a first port of the first capacitor C1 is connected to a first port of the second capacitor C2, a second port of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a drain of the first transistor Q1, a source of the first transistor Q1 is connected to a drain of the second transistor Q2, a source of the second transistor Q2 is connected to a second port of the first capacitor C1, the first port of the first primary side circuit is connected to the first port of the first capacitor C1 and the first port of the second capacitor C2, and the second port of the first primary side circuit is connected to the source of the second transistor Q2 and the second port of the first capacitor.
The second primary side circuit 120 comprises a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a third transistor Q3 and a fourth transistor Q4, a first port of the third capacitor C3 is connected with a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, a second port of the third capacitor C3 is connected with a drain of the third transistor Q3, a source of the third transistor Q3 is connected with a drain of the fourth transistor Q4, a source of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected with a second port of the third capacitor C3, a first port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected with a first port of the third capacitor C3 and a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, and a second port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected with a source of the fourth transistor Q4 and a second port of the third capacitor C3;
the second port of the first primary circuit 110 is connected to the first port of the second primary circuit 120, and the first port of the first primary circuit 110 and the second port of the second primary circuit 120 are connected to the input voltage.
The first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 may be NMOS transistors, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary rectifier circuit shown in fig. 1, which includes a first rectifying diode D1, a second rectifying diode D2, a first inductor L1, and a fifth capacitor C5, a first port of the secondary rectifier circuit, a second port of the secondary rectifier circuit, and a third port of the secondary rectifier circuit, wherein a first port of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1, and a second port of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to an anode of the second rectifying diode D2 and an anode of the first rectifying diode D1.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transformer shown in fig. 1, the transformer including: the transformer comprises a magnetic core, a first port i11 of a first primary winding, a second port i12 of the first primary winding, a first port i21 of a second primary winding, a second port i22 of the second primary winding, a first port of a secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding and a third port of the secondary winding.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another secondary side rectifier circuit shown in fig. 1, the secondary side rectifier circuit includes a third rectifier diode D3, a fourth rectifier diode D4, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a sixth capacitor C6, wherein a cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to one end of the second inductor L2, an anode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to an anode of the fourth rectifier diode D4, a second port of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to an anode of the third rectifier diode D3 and an anode of the fourth rectifier diode D4, and one end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the other end of the second inductor L2 and a first port of the sixth capacitor C6.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another transformer shown in fig. 1, which includes a magnetic core, a first port i11 of a first primary winding, a second port i12 of the first primary winding, a first port i21 of a second primary winding, a second port i22 of the second primary winding, a fourth port of a secondary winding, and a fifth port of the secondary winding.
Referring to fig. 7A, fig. 7A is a schematic diagram of an active clamping forward-flyback combined type structure of another integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the active clamping forward-flyback combined type circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger includes a primary circuit 100, a transformer 200, and a secondary rectifier circuit 300, the primary circuit 100 includes a first primary circuit 110 and a second primary circuit 120, a first port i11 of the first primary winding, a second port i12 of the first primary winding, a first port i21 of the second primary winding, and a second port i22 of the second primary winding, where:
the first primary side circuit 110 comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2, wherein a first port of the first capacitor C1 is connected with a first port of the second capacitor C2, a second port of the second capacitor C2 is connected with a drain of the first transistor Q1, a source of the first transistor Q1 is connected with a drain of the second transistor Q2, a source of the second transistor Q2 is connected with a second port of the first capacitor C1, a first port of the first primary side circuit 110 is connected with a first port of the first capacitor C1 and a first port of the second capacitor C2, and a second port of the first primary side circuit 110 is connected with a source of the second transistor Q2 and a second port of the first capacitor;
the second primary side circuit 120 comprises a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a third transistor Q3 and a fourth transistor Q4, a first port of the third capacitor C3 is connected with a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, a second port of the third capacitor C3 is connected with a drain of the third transistor Q3, a source of the third transistor Q3 is connected with a drain of the fourth transistor Q4, a source of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected with a second port of the third capacitor C3, a first port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected with a first port of the third capacitor C3 and a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, and a second port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected with a source of the fourth transistor Q4 and a second port of the third capacitor C3.
Wherein, the first transistor Q1 is switched synchronously with the third transistor Q3, the second transistor Q2 is switched synchronously with the fourth transistor Q4, and when the first transistor Q1 is switched synchronously with the third transistor Q3, and the second transistor Q2 is switched synchronously with the fourth transistor Q4, the direction of the first magnetic flux of the first electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the left, and the direction of the second magnetic flux of the second electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the left; in the case where the second transistor Q2 is turned on in synchronization with the fourth transistor Q4 and the first transistor Q1 is turned off in synchronization with the third transistor Q3, the direction of the first magnetic flux of the first electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the right, and the direction of the second magnetic flux of the second electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the right.
The second port of the first primary side circuit 110 is connected with the first port of the second primary side circuit 120, and the first port of the first primary side circuit 110 and the second port of the second primary side circuit 120 are connected with the input voltage;
the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 may be NMOS transistors, which is not limited herein.
The first primary circuit 110 and the second primary circuit 120 jointly carry input high voltage, a first electric signal is generated in the first primary circuit 110, a second electric signal is generated in the second primary circuit 120, the first electric signal generates a first magnetic flux in the first primary winding, the second electric signal generates a second magnetic flux in the second primary winding, the first magnetic flux generates a first induced electromotive force through the secondary winding, the second magnetic flux generates a second induced electromotive force through the secondary winding, and a third induced electromotive force obtained by superposing the first induced electromotive force and the second induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the secondary rectifying circuit 300.
The first port i11 of the first primary winding is connected with the first port of the first capacitor C1 and the first port of the second capacitor C2, the second port i12 of the first primary winding is connected with the source of the second transistor and the second port of the first capacitor C1, the first port i21 of the second primary winding is connected with the first port of the third capacitor C3 and the first port C4 of the fourth capacitor, and the second port i22 of the second primary winding is connected with the source of the fourth transistor and the second port of the third capacitor C3.
The secondary winding comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding, the first port of the secondary winding is connected with the first port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300, the second port of the secondary winding is connected with the second port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300, the third port of the secondary winding is connected with the third port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300, the first port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300 is connected with the negative electrode of a second rectifying diode D2, the second port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300 is connected with the other end of a first inductor L1, the third port of the secondary rectifying circuit 300 is connected with the negative electrode of a first rectifying diode D1, the first port of a fifth capacitor C5 is connected with one end of a first inductor L1, and the second port of a fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the positive electrode of a second rectifying diode D2 and the positive electrode of the first rectifying diode D1.
The secondary rectification circuit 300 includes a first rectifying diode D1, a second rectifying diode D2, a first inductor L1, and a fifth capacitor C5, a first port of the secondary rectification circuit 300, a second port of the secondary rectification circuit 300, and a third port of the secondary rectification circuit 300, wherein the first port of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1, and the second port of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the positive electrode of the second rectifying diode D2 and the positive electrode of the first rectifying diode D1.
The first primary winding, the second primary winding, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are wound on a magnetic core, and the windings are connected in series in a transformer composite mode through magnetic pole layers.
The following describes, with reference to the schematic structural diagram of the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A, four stages of a working flow of the vehicle-mounted active clamping forward and flyback circuit in one cycle, specifically as follows:
the first stage is as follows: the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 are in an off state, and the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 are in an on state.
In the first stage, the current directions of the first primary side circuit 110, the second primary side circuit 120 and the secondary side rectifying circuit 300 are as shown in fig. 7B, and fig. 7B is a current schematic diagram of the first stage of the working flow of the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A in one cycle, wherein the first primary side winding discharges electricity through the second transistor Q2 by the first resistor R1; the third transistor Q3 discharges through the fourth transistor Q4, the second primary winding, at which time the current increases linearly; the first primary winding, the second primary winding, the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding form directions of induced electromotive force of up-down positive and negative directions, wherein the direction of the induced electromotive force of the second secondary winding is cut off, the induced electromotive force of the first primary winding conducts the first rectifier diode D1, the first inductor L1 and the fifth capacitor C5 are charged, and the current linearly increases.
And a second stage: the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 are simultaneously in an off state, and the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 are in an on state.
In the second stage, the current directions of the first primary side circuit 110, the second primary side circuit 120 and the secondary side rectification circuit 300 are as shown in fig. 7C, and fig. 7C is a current schematic diagram of the second stage of the working flow of the active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A in one cycle, wherein the induced electromotive forces of the first primary side winding and the second primary side winding are inverted to be negative positive and positive because the currents of the first primary side winding and the second primary side winding cannot change suddenly and the currents start to decrease. The currents of the first primary winding and the second primary winding charge the junction capacitance of the DS ports of the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 when the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 are connectedThe voltages of the four transistors Q4 are: u shapeQ2＝UC1+UC2、UQ4＝UC3+UC4When, the internal diodes of the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 are turned on; the currents of the first primary winding and the second primary winding flow into the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4 through the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3, and simultaneously, the induced electromotive forces of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are also reversed to be positive at the bottom and negative at the top, the second rectifier diode D2 is turned on, the first inductor L1 discharges through the first secondary winding, the second rectifier diode D2 and the fifth capacitor C5, and the current linearity is reduced.
The current directions of the first primary circuit 110, the second primary circuit 120 and the secondary rectifier circuit 300 in the third stage are shown in fig. 7D, fig. 7D is a current schematic diagram of the working flow of the active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A at a third stage of a cycle, the currents of the first primary winding and the second primary winding are continuously reduced, before the currents are reduced to 0 ampere, the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 are driven to be conducted in the positive direction, the second capacitor C2 discharges through the first transistor Q1 and the first primary winding, the fourth capacitor C4 discharges through the third transistor Q3 and the second primary winding, the negative current directions of the first primary winding and the second primary winding are increased, and the induced electromotive forces of the first primary winding, the second primary winding, the third secondary winding and the fourth secondary winding are all positive, negative and negative. The second rectifying diode D2 is turned on, and the first secondary winding and the induced electromotive force of the inductor L1 discharge the fifth capacitor C5 together, so that the current linearly decreases.
A fourth stage: the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 are simultaneously in an off state, and the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 are in an on state.
In a fourth stage, the current directions of the first primary side circuit 110, the second primary side circuit 120 and the secondary side circuit 300 are shown in fig. 7E, fig. 7E is a current schematic diagram of a fourth stage of the working flow of the active clamp forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 7A in one cycle, wherein the currents of the first primary side winding and the second primary side winding cannot suddenly change, the currents firstly flow through the junction capacitors at the DS ports of the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4, after the voltages at the DS ports of the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4 are reduced to 0 ampere, the currents flow into the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 through the diodes inside the second transistor Q2 and the fourth transistor Q4, at this time, the induced electromotive directions of the first primary side winding, the second primary side winding, the first secondary side winding and the second secondary side winding are positive and negative, and the magnitudes of the currents of the first primary side winding and the second primary side winding are reduced in a trend, the first rectifying diode D1 is turned on, the induced electromotive force of the first inductor L1 is positive left and negative right, and the induced electromotive force of the second secondary winding charges the first inductor L1 and the fifth capacitor C5.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger includes a primary circuit 100, a transformer 400, and a secondary rectification circuit 500, the primary circuit 100 includes a first primary circuit 110 and a second primary circuit 120, a first port i11 of the first primary winding, a second port i12 of the first primary winding, a first port i21 of the second primary winding, and a second port i22 of the second primary winding, where:
the first primary side circuit 110 comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2, wherein a first port of the first capacitor C1 is connected with a first port of the second capacitor C2, a second port of the second capacitor C2 is connected with a drain of the first transistor Q1, a source of the first transistor Q1 is connected with a drain of the second transistor Q2, a source of the second transistor Q2 is connected with a second port of the first capacitor C1, a first port of the first primary side circuit is connected with a first port of the first capacitor C1 and a first port of the second capacitor C2, and a second port of the first primary side circuit is connected with a source of the second transistor Q2 and a second port of the first capacitor;
the second primary side circuit 120 includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a third transistor Q3, and a fourth transistor Q4, a first port of the third capacitor C3 is connected to a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, a second port of the third capacitor C3 is connected to a drain of the third transistor Q3, a source of the third transistor Q3 is connected to a drain of the fourth transistor Q4, a source of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to a second port of the third capacitor C3, a first port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected to a first port of the third capacitor C3 and a first port of the fourth capacitor C4, and a second port of the second primary side circuit 120 is connected to a source of the fourth transistor Q4 and a second port of the third capacitor C3.
Wherein, the first transistor Q1 is switched synchronously with the third transistor Q3, the second transistor Q2 is switched synchronously with the fourth transistor Q4, and when the first transistor Q1 is switched synchronously with the third transistor Q3, and the second transistor Q2 is switched synchronously with the fourth transistor Q4, the direction of the first magnetic flux of the first electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the left, and the direction of the second magnetic flux of the second electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the left; in the case where the second transistor Q2 is turned on in synchronization with the fourth transistor Q4 and the first transistor Q1 is turned off in synchronization with the third transistor Q3, the direction of the first magnetic flux of the first electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the right, and the direction of the second magnetic flux of the second electric signal in the transformer is horizontal to the right.
The second port of the first primary circuit 110 is connected to the first port of the second primary circuit 120, and the first port of the first primary circuit 110 and the second port of the second primary circuit 120 are connected to the input voltage.
The first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 may be NMOS transistors, which is not limited herein.
The first primary circuit 110 and the second primary circuit 120 jointly carry input high voltage, a first electrical signal is generated in the first primary circuit 110, a second electrical signal is generated in the second primary circuit 120, the first electrical signal generates a first magnetic flux in the first primary winding, the second electrical signal generates a second magnetic flux in the second primary winding, the first magnetic flux generates a first induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the first primary winding, the second magnetic flux generates a second induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the second primary winding, and a third induced electromotive force obtained by superimposing the first induced electromotive force and the second induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the secondary rectifying circuit 300.
The first port i11 of the first primary winding is connected with the first port of the first capacitor C1 and the first port of the second capacitor C2, the second port i12 of the first primary winding is connected with the source of the second transistor and the first port of the first capacitor C1, the second port i22 of the second primary winding is connected with the first port of the third capacitor C3 and the first port of the fourth capacitor C4, and the fourth port of the second primary winding is connected with the source of the fourth transistor and the second port of the third capacitor C3.
The fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the fourth port of the secondary rectifying circuit, the fifth port of the secondary winding is connected with the fifth port of the secondary rectifying circuit, the fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the third rectifying diode D3 and the other end of the second inductor L2, and the fifth port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the fourth rectifying diode D4 and the other end of the third inductor L3.
The secondary side rectifying circuit comprises a third rectifying diode D3, a fourth rectifying diode D4, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3 and a sixth capacitor C6, wherein the cathode of the third rectifying diode D3 is connected with one end of a second inductor L2, the anode of the third rectifying diode D3 is connected with the anode of the fourth rectifying diode D4, the second port of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with the anode of the third rectifying diode D3 and the anode of the fourth rectifying diode D4, and one end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the other end of the second inductor L2 and the first port of the sixth capacitor C6.
The first primary winding, the second primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on a magnetic core, and the windings are connected in series in a composite mode of a magnetic pole layer and a transformer.
Compared with an active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit, the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit has the advantages that the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit is connected in series to form two working branches, the two active clamping forward and flyback combined circuits simultaneously bear input voltage, the voltage is kept consistent, and accordingly the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit is enlarged.
In a possible example, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching power supply, where the switching power supply includes an active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger provided in any one of the above embodiments of the present invention.
The active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger in the switching power supply is the same as the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger described in any embodiment of the invention, and a description thereof is omitted.
In a possible example, an embodiment of the present invention provides an on-board device, where the on-board device includes any one of the active-clamp forward-flyback combined circuits of the integrated on-board charger provided in the embodiment of the present invention, or the switching power supply provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
The active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger in the vehicle-mounted device is the same as the active clamping forward and flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger described in any embodiment of the invention, and a description thereof is omitted here.
In one possible example, the rectifying diode in the secondary side rectifying circuit in the embodiment of the present invention may also be a MOSFET transistor. It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments of the present application have been described for simplicity of explanation and are in no way intended to limit the invention to the particular sequence of acts described, as those skilled in the art will appreciate that some steps may occur in other sequences or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the above-described division of the units is only one type of division of logical functions, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific embodiments, which are merely used to help understand the present invention and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an active clamp positive and negative excitation combined circuit of integrated on-vehicle machine that charges which characterized in that, the circuit includes: the transformer comprises a first primary side winding, a second primary side winding, an iron core and a secondary side winding, wherein:
the first primary side circuit is connected in series with the second primary side circuit, the first primary side circuit is connected with the first primary side winding, the second primary side circuit is connected with the second primary side winding, and the first primary side winding is connected in series with the second primary side winding; the secondary winding is connected with the secondary rectifying circuit;
the first primary side circuit and the second primary side circuit respectively generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal based on an input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are respectively converted into a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the transformer, the direction of the first magnetic flux is the same as that of the second magnetic flux, a third magnetic flux formed by superposing the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux is converted into an induced electromotive force, and the induced electromotive force is converted into a low voltage signal in the secondary side winding and is output.
2. The active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, wherein the first primary-side circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first transistor and a second transistor, wherein:
the first port of the first capacitor is connected with the first port of the second capacitor, the second port of the second capacitor is connected with the drain electrode of the first transistor, the source electrode of the first transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second transistor, the source electrode of the second transistor is connected with the second port of the first capacitor, the first port of the first primary winding is connected with the first port of the first capacitor and the first port of the second capacitor, and the second port of the first primary winding is connected with the source electrode of the second transistor and the second port of the first capacitor.
3. The active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 2, wherein the second primary side circuit comprises a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third transistor and a fourth transistor, wherein:
a first port of the third capacitor is connected with a first port of the fourth capacitor, a second port of the third capacitor is connected with a drain of the third transistor, a source of the third transistor is connected with a drain of the fourth transistor, a source of the fourth transistor is connected with a second port of the third capacitor, a first port of the second primary winding is connected with a first port of the third capacitor and a first port of the fourth capacitor, and a second port of the second primary winding is connected with a source of the fourth transistor and a second port of the third capacitor;
the second port of the first primary side circuit is connected with the first port of the second primary side circuit, and the first port of the first primary side circuit and the second port of the second primary side circuit are connected with an input voltage.
4. The active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a first port of the first primary winding is connected to a first port of the first primary winding, a second port of the first primary winding is connected to a source of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor, a first port of the second primary winding is connected to a second port of the first primary winding and a first port of the second primary winding, and a second port of the second primary winding is connected to a source of the third transistor and a drain of the fourth transistor.
5. The active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 4, wherein the secondary rectification circuit comprises a first rectifying diode, a second rectifying diode, a first inductor and a fifth capacitor, wherein:
and a first port of the fifth capacitor is connected with one end of the first inductor, and a second port of the fifth capacitor is connected with the anode of the second rectifier diode and the anode of the first rectifier diode.
6. The active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 5, wherein the secondary winding comprises a first port of the secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding, and a third port of the secondary winding, wherein:
and a first port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the second rectifier diode, a second port of the secondary winding is connected with the other end of the first inductor, and a third port of the secondary winding is connected with the negative electrode of the first rectifier diode.
7. The active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 4, wherein the secondary rectification circuit comprises: a third rectifier diode, a fourth rectifier diode, a second inductor, a third inductor, a sixth capacitor, a fourth port of the secondary winding, and a fifth port of the secondary winding, wherein:
the cathode of the third rectifying diode is connected with one end of the second inductor, the anode of the third rectifying diode is connected with the anode of the fourth rectifying diode, the second port of the sixth capacitor is connected with the anode of the third rectifying diode and the anode of the fourth rectifying diode, and one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the second inductor and the first port of the sixth capacitor;
and a fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the third rectifier diode and one end of the second inductor, and a fifth port of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode and the other end of the third inductor.
8. The active clamping forward-flyback combined circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first primary winding, the second primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on a magnetic core.
9. A switching power supply, characterized in that it comprises an active clamped forward-flyback combined circuit of an integrated vehicle charger according to any of claims 1 to 8.
10. An on-board device, characterized in that the on-board device comprises an active clamp forward-flyback combined circuit of an integrated on-board charger according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a switching power supply according to claim 9.
CN201980006624.5A 2019-07-08 2019-07-08 Active clamping forward and reverse excitation combined circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger Pending CN111542997A (en)

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CN206452302U (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-08-29 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Asymmetrical half-bridge circuit of reversed excitation
CN106981993A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-07-25 深圳市奥耐电气技术有限公司 A kind of efficiently two-way DC DC converters
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