CN111541485A - Visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel - Google Patents

Visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel Download PDF

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CN111541485A
CN111541485A CN202010325231.5A CN202010325231A CN111541485A CN 111541485 A CN111541485 A CN 111541485A CN 202010325231 A CN202010325231 A CN 202010325231A CN 111541485 A CN111541485 A CN 111541485A
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signal vector
communication system
channel
mimo
visible light
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CN111541485B (en
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郑迪
邱长泉
荣利霞
王医民
袁延荣
李谨
刘宇航
曹娟娟
张洪明
宋健
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Tsinghua University
Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/502—LED transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems

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Abstract

A visible light MIMO communication system under a high correlation channel is an N multiplied by N MIMO-VLC system and comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter comprises N light emitting diodes which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, and the receiver comprises N photodetectors which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, so that the gain of each channel is different in magnitude, and multiplexing gain can be realized. The present invention is compact in the sense that the distance between adjacent light emitting diodes and the distance between adjacent photodetectors is considered zero in the system. The invention also provides a method for optimizing the transmitted signal vector, and simulation experiments prove that the method is superior to the traditional repeated coding method, the error rate of the MIMO-VLC communication system is reduced, and the performance of the communication system is further improved.

Description

Visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of visible light communication, and particularly relates to a visible light MIMO communication system under a high-correlation channel.
Background
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is considered as a promising technology for future wireless communication due to advantages such as no need of spectrum license and large capacity. However, the bandwidth used in practical visible light communication systems is subject to instrument characteristic limitations. Therefore, in order to further increase the capacity of the visible light communication system, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology has been widely studied because it utilizes spatial diversity. Spatial Multiplexing (SMP) techniques enable MIMO-VLC systems to transmit multiple independent data streams, thereby achieving multiplexing gains and increasing the overall communication capacity of the system. However, the existing research can only realize the spatial multiplexing of MIMO-VLC under the scenario with low channel correlation, which requires a large distance between the transmitting device and the receiving device. However, miniaturization and integration of communication devices are the current trend of development, and thus it is necessary to research a visible light MIMO communication system capable of realizing a multiplexing gain under a high correlation channel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channels, which can make the gain of each channel different in magnitude and can realize spatial multiplexing gain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a visible light MIMO communication system under a high correlation channel is an N multiplied by N MIMO-VLC system and comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter comprises N light emitting diodes which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, and the receiver comprises N photodetectors which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, so that the gain of each channel is different in magnitude, and multiplexing gain can be realized.
The present invention is compact in the sense that the distance between adjacent light emitting diodes and the distance between adjacent photodetectors is considered zero in the system.
The invention also provides a method for optimizing the transmitted signal vector, and the communication performance of the system is further improved.
Simulation experiments prove that the method is superior to the traditional repeated coding method, and the performance of a communication system is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a visible light MIMO communication system with closely arranged LEDs and PDs according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating simulation results in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
1. System model
For an N × N MIMO-VLC system, it includes a transmitter and a receiver, where the transmitter includes N Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and the receiver includes N Photodetectors (PDs).
An original bit information stream is modulated into a signal vector x ═ x1,x2,…,xN]TThe received signal vector is expressed as y ═ Hx + n (1)
Wherein x isNAnd representing the Nth element in the signal vector, wherein N is the number of the signal elements, H is a channel matrix of the system, and N is a Gaussian white noise vector with the mean value of zero. Each element H in Hi,jIs the channel gain of the wireless visible light link between the ith LED and the jth PD. In the invention, only LOS links in the system are considered, and each channel gain hi,jCan be expressed as
Figure BDA0002462943030000021
α thereinijAnd βijRespectively, the radiation angle of the ith LED with respect to the jth PD. A represents the detection area size of the PD. Since the LEDs and PDs are closely arranged, the distance between any LED and any PD can be considered as a constant value, denoted by d. m is the Lambertian radiation order, the half-power angle phi at which the LED can pass1/2,tAnd (3) calculating:
Figure BDA0002462943030000031
k is the field of view coefficient of the PD, the half-power angle phi through the PD1/2,rAnd (3) calculating:
Figure BDA0002462943030000032
the subscripts t and r are only used as distinguishing symbols and are respectively the english initials of the transmitting end (transmit) and the receiving end (receive).
In the emitting end, the LEDs are arranged closely, and the distance between the adjacent LEDs can be regarded as zero in the system model in the traditional MIMO-VLC system, the LEDs are arranged vertically, the invention provides a visible light MIMO communication system as shown in figure 1, which mainly comprises an emitting end 1 with closely arranged LEDs and a receiving end 2 with closely arranged PDs, wherein α is shown in the figureijAnd βijRespectively representing the radiation angle of the ith light emitting diode relative to the jth photodetector,lvis the vertical distance of the transmitting end from the receiving end, lhIs the horizontal distance of the transmitting end from the receiving end. The inclination angle of each LED is different, and the inclination angle of each PD is also different, so that the gain of each channel is different, and multiplexing gain can be realized.
Since the LEDs and PDs are closely arranged, the channel matrix is highly correlated and the rank of the matrix is 1. Nevertheless, the various tilt angles of the LEDs and PDs cause the channel matrix to have different elements. Thus, the signal vector can be recovered by using a Maximum Likelihood (ML) detector, and the demodulated signal vector is represented as
Figure BDA0002462943030000033
Wherein
Figure BDA0002462943030000034
Is the set of all possible transmitted signal vectors,
Figure BDA0002462943030000035
representing the square of the 2-norm. Although the channel matrix is highly correlated, as long as there is a channel matrix from
Figure BDA0002462943030000036
To
Figure BDA0002462943030000037
The transmitted signal can be recovered.
2. Method for optimizing transmission signal
The invention optimizes the design of signal vectors and further improves the performance of the MIMO-VLC system. The Euclidean distance between different received signal vectors can be defined as
Figure BDA0002462943030000038
Wherein xiAnd xjIs a set
Figure BDA0002462943030000039
Of the different elements. The error rate (SER) of ML detection is determined by the minimum euclidean distance between the received signal vectors. Can be obtained by designing the optimal signal set under the constraint of total transmission power
Figure BDA00024629430300000413
The minimum euclidean distance is maximized. The optimization problem can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002462943030000041
Wherein X represents a matrix of vectors of transmitted signals, each column of X being a set
Figure BDA0002462943030000042
Of a single transmission signal vector, PTRepresenting the total transmission power. Since the channels in the proposed MIMO-VLC system are highly correlated and the rank of the channel matrix is equal to 1, the received signal vectors of Y ═ HX are linearly correlated, which indicates that all received constellation points lie on a straight line. By using
Figure BDA0002462943030000043
Representing a set of best transmitted signals
Figure BDA0002462943030000044
The generated vector of the transmission signal is transmitted,
Figure BDA0002462943030000045
represents the best received signal vector, thereby having
Figure BDA0002462943030000046
Set of assumptions
Figure BDA0002462943030000047
There are M elements. Since the received signal vector is located on a line, it can be used
Figure BDA0002462943030000048
Represents the best received signal vector, whereinΛ denotes a transformation matrix, which is a diagonal matrix with M rows and M columns, where the elements in the ith row and the jth column are represented by λi,jIs shown, can be represented as
Figure BDA0002462943030000049
By X0Representing any one of the transmitted signal vector matrices that satisfies the total power constraint. The initial received signal vector is Y0＝HX0And y is0,iRepresents Y0Column i. As shown in equation (6), each element of the signal vector should be non-negative in the MIMO-VLC system. Furthermore, the optimal euclidean distance is reached when the distances between adjacent received constellation points are the same and the total power remains the same. Therefore, the optimal received signal vector should satisfy the following equation
Figure BDA00024629430300000410
Where i is 1,2, …, M,
Figure BDA00024629430300000411
i-th column representing Y;
solving the optimal received signal vector by the above equation
Figure BDA00024629430300000412
Thereafter, each element of the transformation matrix Λ may be derived:
Figure BDA0002462943030000051
‖‖2represents a 2-norm;
thereby can pass through
Figure BDA0002462943030000052
And obtaining an optimal transmitting signal vector matrix. The signal vector optimization method provided by the invention can calculate the optimal transmitted signal vector aiming at different channel matrixes H, thereby improving the performance of MIMO-VLC.
A4 multiplied by 4 tight MIMO-VLC system adopting the scheme of the invention is simulated, and the simulation parameters are as follows:
Figure BDA0002462943030000053
referring to fig. 2, wherein RC represents repetition coding (repetition coding), and OSV-SMP represents the proposed method (optimal signal vector with spatial multiplexing), it can be seen that the present invention is superior to the conventional repetition coding method, and reduces the error rate of the MIMO-VLC communication system.

Claims (4)

1. A visible light MIMO communication system under a high correlation channel is an N multiplied by N MIMO-VLC system, which comprises a transmitter and a receiver, and is characterized in that the transmitter comprises N light emitting diodes which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, and the receiver comprises N photodetectors which are closely arranged and have different inclination angles, so that the gain of each channel is different in magnitude.
2. The visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel of claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent light emitting diodes and the distance between adjacent photodetectors are considered as zero in the system, and the distance between any light emitting diode and any photodetector is a constant value d.
3. The visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the original bit information stream is modulated into a signal vector x ═ x in the MIMO-VLC system1,x2,…,xN]TThe received signal vector is represented as
y＝Hx+n (1)
Wherein x isNRepresenting the Nth element in the signal vector, N being the number of signal elements, H being the channel matrix of the system, N being the Gaussian white noise vector with mean zero, each element H in Hi,jIs the channel gain of the wireless visible light link between the ith LED and the jth photodetector, and each channel gain h only considers the LOS link in the systemi,jIs shown as
Figure FDA0002462943020000011
α thereinijAnd βijRespectively, the radiation angle of the ith light-emitting diode relative to the jth photoelectric detector, A represents the detection area size of the photoelectric detector, d represents the distance between any light-emitting diode and any photoelectric detector, m is Lambert radiation order, and the half-power angle phi passing through the light-emitting diode1/2,tAnd (3) calculating:
Figure FDA0002462943020000012
k is the field of view coefficient of the photodetector, the half-power angle through the photodetector phi1/2,rAnd (3) calculating:
Figure FDA0002462943020000013
recovering the signal vector by using a maximum likelihood detector, the demodulated signal vector being represented as
Figure FDA0002462943020000021
Wherein
Figure FDA0002462943020000022
Is the set of all possible transmitted signal vectors,
Figure FDA0002462943020000023
representing the square of the 2-norm.
4. The visible light MIMO communication system under high correlation channel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the optimal transmit signal vector is obtained by transmit signal vector optimization by:
the Euclidean distance between different received signal vectors is defined as
Figure FDA0002462943020000024
Wherein xiAnd xjIs a set
Figure FDA0002462943020000025
The error rate detected by the maximum likelihood detector is determined by the minimum euclidean distance between the received signal vectors by designing the best signal set under the constraint of total transmission power
Figure FDA0002462943020000026
Maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance, the optimization problem is expressed as
Figure FDA0002462943020000027
Wherein X represents a matrix of vectors of transmitted signals, each column of X being a set
Figure FDA0002462943020000028
Of a single transmission signal vector, PTRepresenting the total transmission power, the received signal vector Y ═ HX, is linearly related, i.e. all received constellation points lie on a straight line, using
Figure FDA0002462943020000029
Representing a set of best transmitted signals
Figure FDA00024629430200000210
The generated vector of the transmission signal is transmitted,
Figure FDA00024629430200000211
represents the best received signal vector, then
Figure FDA00024629430200000212
By using
Figure FDA00024629430200000213
Representing the best received signal vector, wherein Λ is a transformation matrix, which is a diagonal matrix having M rows and M columns, wherein the ith row and jth column have elements denoted by λi,jDenotes that M is a set
Figure FDA00024629430200000214
The number of elements in (1);
by X0Representing any one of the matrices of transmitted signal vectors that satisfies the total power constraint, the initial received signal vector being Y0＝HX0And y is0,iRepresents Y0According to equation (6), each element of the signal vector is non-negative in the MIMO-VLC system, and when the distances between adjacent received constellation points are the same and the total power remains the same, the optimal euclidean distance is reached, and the optimal received signal vector satisfies the following equation
Figure FDA00024629430200000215
Where i is 1,2, …, M,
Figure FDA00024629430200000216
i-th column representing Y;
solving the optimal received signal vector by equation (7)
Figure FDA00024629430200000217
Then, each element of the transformation matrix Λ is obtained:
Figure FDA0002462943020000031
‖ ‖2represents a 2-norm;
by passing
Figure FDA0002462943020000032
And obtaining an optimal transmitting signal vector matrix.
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