CN111541339A

CN111541339A - Small-size energy-conserving PMSM

Info

Publication number: CN111541339A
Application number: CN202010344599.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 符曰新; 陈利军; 宋世敏
Original assignee: Qiaoli Electric Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Qiaoli Electric Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-27
Also published as: CN111541339B

Abstract

The invention discloses a small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor, which relates to the field of motors and comprises a shell and a rotating shaft, wherein the shell comprises a shell and a rear end cover covering the rear end of the shell; radiating fins are distributed on the outer side wall of the shell along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, adjacent radiating fins are spliced with the outer side wall of the shell to form a radiating flow channel, a plurality of air outlets correspondingly communicated with the radiating flow channel are arranged at one end, close to the shell, of the rear end cover, and an air inlet is formed in the end face, far away from the shell, of the rear end cover; the rear end cover is also internally provided with a cooling fan, the cooling fan comprises a fixed disc and fan blades, and the fan blades comprise fixed parts, movable parts and elastic parts. The movable part can be deflected according to the rotating speed of the rotating shaft, so that the wind resistance of the fan blades is reduced, the loss of the heat radiation fan to electric energy is smaller, and the effects of more energy conservation and low loss are achieved.

Description

Small-size energy-conserving PMSM

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background

The permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly comprises a rotor, an end cover, a stator and other parts, and has the advantages of simple structure, small size, high efficiency, high power factor and the like.

Small permanent magnet synchronous machines have in many cases begun to gradually replace the most common ac asynchronous machines. The cage-type winding is additionally arranged on the permanent magnet rotor of the small permanent magnet synchronous motor, and when a power supply is switched on and a rotating magnetic field is established, current can be induced in the cage-type winding, and the rotor can start to rotate like an alternating current asynchronous motor. The asynchronous starting small permanent magnet synchronous motor realizes the starting of the motor by the induced current of the cage winding, so that the starting of the motor is more energy-saving, and the effects of energy conservation and low energy consumption of the starting of the motor are realized.

For example, chinese patent with patent publication No. CN208337265U discloses an energy-saving and efficient remanufacturing permanent magnet synchronous motor, which has therein a stator and a rotor that are mutually matched and have coaxial central axes, the rotor includes a rotating shaft and a rotor body, each rotor core module is composed of a plurality of rotor punching sheets, the plurality of rotor punching sheets are fixed by a connecting piece, each rotor punching sheet has a plurality of magnetic steel slots annularly distributed around the central axis thereof, a plurality of connecting holes for insertion of the connecting piece and a groove for insertion of a protruding head of the connecting piece are provided between the through hole and the magnetic steel slots; in two adjacent rotor core modules, the protruding head of the connecting piece of one rotor core module is inserted into the groove of the other rotor core module, so that the adjacent surfaces of the two adjacent rotor core modules are completely contacted; the two ends of the casing are respectively provided with a front end cover and a rear end cover which are fixedly connected with the casing, and the centers of the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively provided with a bearing matched with the rotating shaft.

When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is adopted, the motor is easy to scald in a long-term use process, and the whole heat dissipation performance is poor due to the fact that the motor is not provided with a heat dissipation related structure, so that use is affected, and improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor which has the advantage of better heat dissipation performance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a small-sized energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a casing and a rotating shaft, wherein the casing comprises a casing body and a rear end cover covering the rear end of the casing body, a stator and a rotor are arranged in the casing body, the rotor and the rotating shaft are coaxially fixed and are rotationally connected with the casing body through the rotating shaft, two axial ends of the rotating shaft penetrate through the casing body, and one end, close to the rear end cover, of the rotating shaft is positioned in the rear end cover; radiating fins are distributed on the outer side wall of the shell along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, adjacent radiating fins are spliced with the outer side wall of the shell to form a radiating flow channel, a plurality of air outlets correspondingly communicated with the radiating flow channel are formed in one end, close to the shell, of the rear end cover, and an air inlet is formed in the end face, far away from the shell, of the rear end cover; still be provided with radiator fan in the rear end cap, radiator fan includes coaxial coupling in the epaxial fixed disk of pivot, a plurality of sets up in the fixed disk be close to air intake one end and be the flabellum of circumference evenly distributed along the axis of pivot.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up radiator fan, when motor shaft rotated, the pivot drove radiator fan and rotates, and radiator fan throws away the air towards the outer lane and assaults the inside wall of rear end cap, then the air enters into heat dissipation flow channel through the air outlet and has accelerated the air flow between the radiating fin, has strengthened radiating fin heat-sinking capability. After the heat dissipation fan rotates to enable air to be thrown out, the axial center of the heat dissipation fan is in a low-pressure state, and external air is fed through the air inlet, so that the heat dissipation fan can continuously blow air flow into the heat dissipation flow channel to dissipate heat. Through setting up radiator fan, air intake and air outlet to make holistic heat dispersion better, be favorable to permanent magnet synchronous machine's long-term continuous operation.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fan blade comprises a fixed part fixedly connected with the fixed disc, a movable part arranged at one end of the fixed part far away from the axis of the rotating shaft and an elastic part connected between the fixed part and the movable part.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up elasticity portion and movable part, when the pivot drove the flabellum and rotates, the flabellum rotated and can received air resistance, and the elasticity that the movable part of flabellum overcome the elasticity portion under the effect of air resistance this moment takes place to deflect, through the bending slope of movable part along the elasticity portion to the area of cutting air has been reduced, thereby air resistance has been reduced, makes radiator fan's rotation to the loss of countershaft electric energy littleer. Because the overall heat generation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is less than that of a common asynchronous motor, the air quantity can be reduced after the movable part deflects, but the overall heat dissipation requirement can still be met. In addition, through the setting of elastic part and movable part, when pivot slew velocity is faster, the movable part bending deflection is bigger to make the area of cutting the air littleer, make radiator fan littleer to the loss of electric energy, thereby reach and use energy-conserving low-loss effect more.

In addition, when the motor rotating shaft rotates at a medium-low speed, the deflection amount of the movable part is small, the integral air volume is sufficient, and when the motor rotates at a high speed, the movable part deflects, but because the rotating speed of the fan blades is high, the airflow formed by the cooling fan cannot be obviously reduced, so that the integral cooling is in a stable state.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the one end that the pivot axis was kept away from to the fixed part and the one end parallel and level setting of pivot axis are kept away from to the fixed disk, the lateral wall setting of elastic component along the axial extension of pivot and fixed connection to fixed disk simultaneously, the movable part extends towards the casing direction along the axial of pivot.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the increase is realized to the area of movable part for holistic radiating effect is more, also makes the windage grow that the movable part received in addition, makes the movable part more convenient according to slew velocity's deflection.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: one end of the movable part, which is far away from the shell, is gradually close to the shell in the direction of being far away from the axis of the rotating shaft and is obliquely arranged.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, after the movable part deflected, the one end that the casing was kept away from to the movable part had reduced the condition that produces the separation to the air current that the fixed part formed through the slope setting to holistic radiating effect has been optimized.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fixed disc comprises a disc body connected with the rotating shaft and a cover plate arranged at one end of the disc body, which is far away from the shell; the one end that the fixed part is close to the disk body is fixed with the locating plate, the constant head tank that supplies locating plate embedding and location is seted up to the one end that the disk body is close to the apron, correspond on the apron and set up the breach that a plurality of confession fixed parts correspond to pass through, be provided with on the apron and be used for being fixed in the solid piece on the disk body with the apron, the fixed part compress tightly the locating plate through the apron in the constant head tank with the fixed disk is fixed continuous.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, set up locating plate and constant head tank for the flabellum realizes dismantling with the fixed disk and is connected, when the flabellum appears the damage in the long-term use elastic component and leads to movable part and fixed part to break away from, can change the flabellum, and the convenience is maintained radiator fan.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the elastic part is made of rubber, and the fixed part and the movable part are both made of hard plates.

Through the technical scheme, the thickness of the fan blade is 0.8-1mm, the fixed part and the movable part are usually plastic plates, steel plates or iron plates, and the length of the elastic part along the radial direction of the rotating shaft is usually 2-3 mm. Bond through the rubber material for the connection of fixed part and movable part is more stable, and can bond fixedly through heat generally, makes holistic operation more convenient.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the outer side wall of each fan blade is wrapped with a flexible sleeve.

Through the technical scheme, the flexible strips are the cloth sleeves with high transparency, the fan blades are further fixed through the flexible sleeves, when the elastic parts are aged and broken to cause the movable parts to throw away in a long-term use process, the flexible sleeves can limit the movable parts, and therefore the condition that the movable parts are thrown away in a motor rotating process is reduced. The service condition of the fan blades is regularly checked according to actual conditions, and the fan blades are replaced in time, so that the whole use is more stable and safer.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the flexible cover is inboard along the radial both ends of pivot are all corresponding including the conflict board, the conflict board is corresponding to be contradicted in the both ends of flabellum.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, set up and support the touch panel, the movable part is contradicted on the conflict board, and when the movable part broke away from with the fixed part, the conflict board can form the restriction, has reduced the direct circumstances of tightly supporting the flexible sleeve of movable part, has reduced the circumstances that the flexible sleeve was cut to the movable part for it is safer to wholly use.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the conflict board is fixed in the flexible cover and sheathes in, the one end that the conflict board is close to the flabellum offers the groove that slides that supplies the flabellum to correspond the embedding along the radial tip of pivot.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the groove of sliding, make the flexible cover and the further adaptation of fixed part through the groove of sliding, in addition, when the flabellum was emboliaed to the flexible cover, can carry out the guide orientation through the groove of sliding for the equipment of flexible cover and flabellum is more convenient.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the heat dissipation fan, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole motor is better, and the long-term continuous operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is facilitated;

(2) by arranging the elastic part and the movable part, the effects of saving more energy and reducing loss are achieved;

(3) through setting up the flexible sleeve, reduced the condition that the motor rotated the process movable part and thrown away for whole use is more stable safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation fan according to an embodiment;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 3.

Reference numerals: 1. a rotating shaft; 2. a housing; 21. a housing; 22. a rear end cap; 3. a heat dissipating fin; 4. a stator; 5. a rotor; 6. an air inlet; 7. an air outlet; 8. a heat radiation fan; 81. fixing the disc; 811. a tray body; 812. a cover plate; 82. a fan blade; 821. a fixed part; 822. a movable portion; 823. an elastic portion; 9. positioning a groove; 10. a fastener; 11. a notch; 12. positioning a plate; 13. a flexible sleeve; 14. a touch plate; 15. and (4) sliding grooves.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example (b):

a small-sized energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor is shown in figure 1 and comprises a shell 2 and a rotating shaft 1. The housing 2 includes a case 21 and a rear cover 22. The rotating shaft 1 and the shell 21 are coaxially arranged, the two axial ends of the rotating shaft 1 penetrate out of the shell 21, and the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected with the shell 21 through a bearing. The outer side wall of the shell 21 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 1 is distributed with radiating fins 3, and adjacent radiating fins 3 are spliced with the outer side wall of the shell 21 to form a radiating flow channel.

The stator 4 and the rotor 5 are arranged in the shell 21, and the rotor 5 is coaxially fixed with the rotating shaft 1 and is rotatably connected with the shell 21 through the rotating shaft 1. The rear end cover 22 covers the rear end of the housing 21, the end face, away from the housing 21, of the rear end cover 22 is provided with an air inlet 6, and the air inlet 6 comprises a plurality of through holes distributed on the rear end cover 22. One end of the rear end cover 22 close to the shell 21 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 7 correspondingly communicated with the heat dissipation flow channel. One end of the rotating shaft 1 close to the rear end cover 22 is located in the rear end cover 22, and one end of the rotating shaft 1 located in the rear end cover 22 is provided with a cooling fan 8.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the heat dissipation fan 8 includes a fixed disk 81 coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 1 (see fig. 1), and a plurality of fan blades 82 disposed at one end of the fixed disk 81 close to the air inlet 6 and uniformly distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft 1 in the circumferential direction. The fixed disk 81 includes a disk 811 connected to the rotating shaft 1 and having a disk shape, and a cover 812 disposed at an end of the disk 811 away from the housing 21. The constant head tank 9 has been seted up to the one end that the disk body 811 is close to apron 812, and constant head tank 9 sets up along disk body 811's radial, and the one end that disk body 811 axis was kept away from to constant head tank 9 does not run through the disk body 811 setting. Cover 812 is provided with a plurality of fasteners 10, fasteners 10 typically being screws threadedly attached to disc 811, and cover 812 is secured to disc 811 by fasteners 10. The cover 812 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of notches 11, and the notches 11 are arranged corresponding to the positions of the fan blades 82.

The fan blades 82 are perpendicular to the end face, far away from the shell 21, of the fixed disc 81, the thickness of the fan blades 82 is 0.8-1mm, and the length direction of the fan blades 82 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 1. The fan 82 includes a fixed portion 821 fixedly connected to the fixed disk 81, a movable portion 822 disposed at one end of the fixed portion 821 away from the axis of the rotating shaft 1, and an elastic portion 823 connected between the fixed portion 821 and the movable portion 822. The fixed part 821 and the movable part 822 are both hard plates, the fixed part 821 and the movable part 822 are usually plastic plates, steel plates or iron plates, the elastic part 823 is made of rubber, and the length of the elastic part 823 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 1 is usually 2-3 mm.

The fixing portion 821 is disposed flush with an end of the fixed disk 81 away from the axis of the rotating shaft 1, the elastic portion 823 extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 and is fixedly connected to an outer side wall of the fixed disk 81, and the movable portion 822 extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 toward the housing 21. One end of the movable part 822 away from the housing 21 is inclined to be gradually close to the housing 21 in a direction away from the axis of the rotating shaft 1.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a positioning plate 12 is fixed at one end of the fixing portion 821 close to the tray body 811, when the fan blades 82 are installed, the positioning plate 12 can be positioned corresponding to the positioning groove 9 embedded in the tray body 811, and after the positioning plate 12 is embedded in the positioning groove 9, an end surface of the positioning plate 12 away from the groove bottom of the positioning groove 9 is flush with an end surface of the tray body 811. In the process of closing the cover 812, the notch 11 on the cover 812 is corresponding to the fixing portion 821, and the cover 812 abuts against the positioning plate 12 for fixing. During actual installation, the positioning plate 12 can be preliminarily fixed by gluing, so that the fan blades 82 can be conveniently and fixedly covered by the cover plate 812 after being installed.

When the fan blade 82 is processed, the fixed part 821 and the movable part 822 are produced, the fixed part 821 and the movable part 822 are assembled by a mold, and then the elastic part 823 is connected to the fixed part 821 and the movable part 822 by thermal injection. When the fan blades 82 are mounted on the fixed disk 81, the elastic portion 823 is further fixed by adhesion to the outer side wall of the fixed disk 81.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the outer side wall of each fan blade 82 is further wrapped with a flexible sleeve 13, and the flexible sleeve 13 is usually a cloth sleeve with high transparency. The radial both ends of edge pivot 1 are all corresponding including the touch panel 14 in the flexible cover 13 inboard, and the touch panel 14 is fixed in and sets up on the flexible cover 13. The touch panels 14 are correspondingly located at two ends of the fan blades 82, and a sliding groove 15 is formed at one end of each touch panel 14 close to the fan blades 82. The movable part 822 abuts against the abutting plate 14, and when the movable part 822 is separated from the fixed part 821, the abutting plate 14 can form a limit, so that the situation that the movable part 822 cuts the flexible sleeve 13 is reduced; in addition, when the flexible sleeve 13 is sleeved on the fan blade 82, two ends of the fan blade 82 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 1 can be embedded and slid along the sliding slots 15 correspondingly, guiding and positioning are carried out through the sliding slots 15, and after the flexible sleeve 13 is sleeved on, the opening of the flexible sleeve 13, close to one end of the shell 21, of the movable part 822 is further fixed through sewing, so that the movable part 822 is limited to be separated.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

when the motor rotating shaft 1 rotates, the rotating shaft 1 drives the cooling fan 8 to rotate, the cooling fan 8 throws air out towards the outer ring and impacts the inner side wall of the rear end cover 22, then the air enters the cooling flow channel through the air outlet 7 to accelerate the air flow between the cooling fins 3, and the cooling capacity of the cooling fins 3 is enhanced. When pivot 1 drove flabellum 82 and rotates, flabellum 82 rotated and can receive air resistance, and the movable part 822 of flabellum 82 overcomes the elasticity of elastic part 823 and takes place to deflect under the effect of air resistance this moment, inclines along the turn of elastic part 823 through movable part 822 to the area of cutting air has been reduced, thereby has reduced air resistance, makes radiator fan 8's rotation to the loss of pivot 1 electric energy littleer. When the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 1 is faster, the movable part 822 bends and deflects more, so that the area for cutting air is smaller, the loss of the heat radiation fan 8 to electric energy is smaller, and the effect of using more energy conservation and lower loss is achieved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A small-sized energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a casing (2) and a rotating shaft (1), wherein the casing (2) comprises a shell (21) and a rear end cover (22) covering the rear end of the shell (21), a stator (4) and a rotor (5) are arranged in the shell (21), the rotor (5) is coaxially fixed with the rotating shaft (1) and is rotatably connected with the shell (21) through the rotating shaft (1), two axial ends of the rotating shaft (1) penetrate through the shell (21) to be arranged, and one end, close to the rear end cover (22), of the rotating shaft (1) is positioned in the rear end cover (22); the method is characterized in that: radiating fins (3) are distributed on the outer side wall of the shell (21) along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (1), adjacent radiating fins (3) are spliced with the outer side wall of the shell (21) to form a radiating flow channel, one end, close to the shell (21), of the rear end cover (22) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (7) correspondingly communicated with the radiating flow channel, and the end face, far away from the shell (21), of the rear end cover (22) is provided with an air inlet (6); still be provided with radiator fan (8) in rear end housing (22), radiator fan (8) include fixed disk (81) of coaxial coupling on pivot (1), a plurality of set up in fixed disk (81) be close to air intake (6) one end and be circumference evenly distributed's flabellum (82) along the axis of pivot (1).

2. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fan blade (82) comprises a fixed part (821) fixedly connected to the fixed disc (81), a movable part (822) arranged at one end, far away from the axis of the rotating shaft (1), of the fixed part (821) and an elastic part (823) connected between the fixed part (821) and the movable part (822).

3. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: fixed part (821) keep away from the one end of pivot (1) axis and fixed disk (81) and keep away from the one end parallel and level setting of pivot (1) axis, elasticity portion (823) sets up along the lateral wall of the axial extension of pivot (1) and fixed connection to fixed disk (81) simultaneously, activity portion (822) extend towards casing (21) direction along the axial of pivot (1).

4. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the movable part (822) far away from the shell (21) is gradually close to the shell (21) in the direction far away from the axis of the rotating shaft (1) and is obliquely arranged.

5. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fixed disc (81) comprises a disc body (811) connected with the rotating shaft (1) and a cover plate (812) arranged at one end of the disc body (811) far away from the shell (21); fixed part (821) are close to the one end of disk body (811) and are fixed with locating plate (12), constant head tank (9) that supply locating plate (12) embedding and location are seted up to the one end that disk body (811) are close to apron (812), correspond on apron (812) and set up a plurality of confession fixed part (821) and correspond breach (11) that pass through, be provided with on apron (812) and be used for being fixed in solid piece (10) on disk body (811) with apron (812) compressing tightly locating plate (12) in constant head tank (9) fixed plate (81) are fixed continuous.

6. The small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the elastic part (823) is made of rubber, and the fixed part (821) and the movable part (822) are both made of hard plates.

7. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer side wall of each fan blade (82) is wrapped with a flexible sleeve (13).

8. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: the flexible sleeve (13) is inboard along the radial both ends of pivot (1) all correspond including touch panel (14), touch panel (14) are corresponding to contradict in the both ends of flabellum (82).

9. A small energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: the contact plate (14) is fixed on the flexible sleeve (13), and one end, close to the fan blade (82), of the contact plate (14) is provided with a sliding groove (15) for the fan blade (82) to be correspondingly embedded along the radial end of the rotating shaft (1).