CN111539148A - Method for evaluating current-carrying capacity of submarine umbilical cable conductor - Google Patents
Method for evaluating current-carrying capacity of submarine umbilical cable conductor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for evaluating current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor relates to the field of transmission submarine cable simulation. At present, the internal structure of the submarine umbilical cable is complex, and the materials of all layers are different and the performance difference is overlarge. When the current-carrying capacity of the device is analyzed by simulation, simulation data is large and complex in calculation, the determination of the current-carrying capacity is troublesome, and the risk that an analysis result is uncertain exists. The method comprises the following specific steps: establishing a geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable; setting an electrothermal coupling finite element model and material parameters; dividing finite element grids by adopting different methods and grid densities; setting boundary conditions, liquid temperature in the pipe and initial voltage and current load values; and analyzing the temperature field distribution conditions under different current sizes, and solving and calculating whether the conductor temperature reaches the highest allowable temperature during continuous working. The technical scheme overcomes the defects of difficult test, difficult data acquisition and the like, realizes the evaluation of the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor in the conventional environment, and has convenient and efficient calculation and analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transmission submarine cable simulation analysis, in particular to a method for evaluating current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor.
Background
China has long coastlines, numerous islands and frequent offshore activities, and submarine cables play a vital role in the aspects of remote power supply, high-voltage power transmission, communication and the like. In recent years, subsea umbilicals have received increasing attention as an emerging product of subsea cables for their exceptional performance as a result of their unique characteristics. The current-carrying capacity of the umbilical is the current amount passed by one umbilical when transmitting electric energy, and under the condition of thermal stability, the current-carrying capacity of the umbilical when the electrified conductor of the umbilical reaches the long-term allowable working temperature is called the long-term allowable current-carrying capacity of the umbilical.
In the center of the prior art, the calculation mainstream adopts the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) calculation standard IEC 60287. through years of correction and supplement, the calculation result tends to be perfect, but still has certain defects, mainly in the aspect of adapting to the diversified use of cables, although the current-carrying capacity can be conveniently calculated according to a formula in the standard, part of algorithms are too complicated, and the calculation result is slightly conservative. In addition, only a single-loop cable proximity effect calculation formula is given, and multiple loops are often laid in a cluster mode actually. For the laying forms of the calandria, the tunnel and the like, a calculation formula summarized according to experience is given in the standard, coupling of heat conduction modes such as natural convection, heat radiation and heat conduction exists in practice, and a certain error also exists in a simple empirical formula. In the standard, no accurate current-carrying capacity calculation method is provided for submarine cables laid on the seabed.
The finite element method is used as a numerical calculation method, the whole temperature field is analyzed under the given submarine cable laying, arrangement conditions and load conditions, the surface temperature of the umbilical cable and the temperature of the optical unit are good in autumn and are closer to the actual boundary conditions, and the method has greater flexibility for analyzing a complex submarine umbilical cable system. And temperature field distribution can be formed, the temperature field distribution of the surrounding environment of the submarine umbilical cable can be visually observed and analyzed, the transformation of the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable can be vividly reflected, and a foundation is provided for the design and research of related equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem and provides a method for evaluating the current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor, aiming at innovatively working on new products at present, so as to realize the purpose of obtaining the relationship between the temperature and the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor by using low cost. Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) establishing a geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable, and making the following assumptions; the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable, wherein the geometric model is formed by twisting a plurality of completely identical conductor wire cores, one or more infusion pipelines and one or more optical units and wrapping an outer layer material; the outer layer of the outer package comprises a filling layer, a binding belt, an armor layer and an outer tegument layer, wherein the filling layer wraps the conductive wire core, the infusion pipeline and the optical unit, the conductive wire core comprises a conductor wire core, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, an inner sheath and an inner sheath which are arranged from inside to outside, and the infusion pipeline consists of a heat insulation layer and an external steel pipe;
neglecting uneven heat dissipation, considering that the inner and outer surfaces of each layer of the seabed umbilical cable are isothermal surfaces; the geometrical parameters of the submarine umbilical cable are assumed to be unchanged, namely the geometrical parameters are constants;
setting a water area around the submarine umbilical cable, wherein the length of the water area is consistent with that of the submarine umbilical cable, and the umbilical cable is positioned in the center of the water area;
2) setting an electrothermal coupling finite element model and material parameters;
3) adopting different methods and different grid densities to divide finite element grids, comprising the following steps:
conductor sinle silk, light unit, infusion pipeline adopt the regular grid division mode of sweeping, and its net size is in proper order: 2mm, 1.5mm, 3 mm; the other layers adopt an irregular grid division mode, and the grid size is 3-6 mm;
4) setting boundary conditions, liquid temperature in a pipe and initial voltage and current load values;
5) analyzing the temperature field distribution conditions under different currents; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature change conditions of the conductor wire core, the optical unit, the insulating layer and the outer tegument layer along with the current;
6) solving and calculating whether the temperature of the conductor reaches the maximum allowable temperature during continuous working;
7) if the conclusion obtained in the step 6) is yes, finishing the simulation, and obtaining the current when the maximum allowable temperature is reached, namely the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor; if the conclusion in step 6) is negative, changing the current value passed by the conductor, and repeatedly circulating steps 4) -6) until the conclusion is positive.
The technical scheme effectively overcomes the defects of difficult implementation, high cost of entity tests, difficult data acquisition and the like, utilizes finite element analysis software to establish a model between the internal current-carrying capacity and the temperature during the operation of the submarine umbilical cable, efficiently realizes the simulation of the current-carrying capacity evaluation of the submarine umbilical cable, obtains the rule of internal temperature field distribution and change along with the current during the normal operation of the submarine umbilical cable, provides a basis for the distributed optical fiber sensing technology to evaluate the operation state of the submarine umbilical cable, and is convenient and rapid to calculate.
As a further improvement and supplement to the above technical solutions, the present invention further includes the following additional technical features.
In the first step, a geometric model adopts three completely same conductive wire cores and three optical units, and is coated with an outer layer material; the conductive wire cores are distributed in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin' in the submarine umbilical cable; the three light units and the infusion pipeline are symmetrically distributed around the center.
Further: in the third step, the water area around the submarine umbilical cable is set to be a square of 1m × 1 m.
Further: in the step 2), a Thermal-electric analysis module in ANSYS Workbench is adopted; analyzing by adopting a simplified geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable; the evaluation analysis of the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor belongs to electromagnetic-thermal steady state analysis.
Further: in step 4), setting a boundary condition; assuming that the temperature of the lower boundary of the water area model is constant, setting the temperature of the lower layer of seawater to be 17 ℃, and taking the temperature as a first type of boundary condition; the temperature gradient of the whole model in the horizontal direction is set to be 0, the normal heat flux density of the left and right boundaries is 0, and the left and right boundaries are completely insulated; the upper boundary of the water area model is air, and convection heat exchange exists between the air and the water area, which is a third type of boundary condition; when the current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor is simulated and evaluated, a certain voltage and current load is applied to the conductor; when a finite element method is used for solving, steady-state thermal analysis is selected; after current flows through the conductor, the conductor generates heat due to self loss and carries out heat transfer in the conductor; the upper limit of the conductor temperature is 90 ℃, the current magnitude is changed to enable the conductor temperature to reach the upper limit, and the observed current magnitude is the current-carrying capacity.
Further: according to joule's law, when the current flowing through the conductor is stable, the internal temperature field tends to be stable; and obtaining the change condition of the conductor wire core along with the current at the highest temperature point of the conductor wire core when the generated current is stable.
Further: in the step 5), the average value of all the node temperatures in the cross section of the optical unit is calculated to serve as the temperature of the optical unit, the method is repeated to extract the change condition of the temperatures of the insulating layer, the sheath and the like along with the change of the current, and theoretical basis is provided for estimating the temperature of the conductor core by using the distributed optical fiber sensing technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a subsea umbilical structure
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conductive core structure
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a light unit structure
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the structure of the infusion tube
FIG. 6 is a simplified geometric model of a submarine umbilical cable
FIG. 7 is a geometric model of the entire submarine umbilical cable and surrounding water
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional gridding effect chart of the model of the present invention
FIG. 9 shows the temperature behavior of the light unit at different currents
FIG. 10 is a graph of the current-dependent temperature of the various layers of the subsea umbilical of the present invention
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
1. establishing geometric model of submarine umbilical cable
The submarine umbilical cable is formed by twisting three identical conductive wire cores, three optical units, three infusion pipelines and an outer layer material, the cross section of the submarine umbilical cable is shown as a figure 2, and the cross section of the conductive wire core is shown as a figure 3; the section of the light unit is shown in figure 4, and the section of the infusion pipeline is shown in figure 5.
The outer layer materials in the submarine umbilical cable sequentially comprise a filling layer 1, a binding belt 2, an armor cushion layer 3, a galvanized steel wire armor layer 4 and an outer tegument layer 5 from inside to outside, wherein in the filling layer, conductive wire cores are arranged in the umbilical cable in a 'pin' shape, and sequentially comprise a conductor copper core 6, a conductor shielding layer 7, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 8, an insulating shielding layer 9, a water-blocking layer 10, a lead sheath 11, an anticorrosive layer 12 and a polyethylene inner sheath 13 from inside to outside. In the filling layer, three optical units are symmetrically distributed, the optical units comprise a polyethylene inner sheath 14 and a steel pipe 15, and a communication single-mode optical fiber 16 is placed in the steel pipe 15 in a relaxed state. The conductor copper core is formed by twisting conductive round single wires layer by layer; the wire core and the optical unit are respectively wrapped in the filler in a twisting mode; the galvanized steel wire armor layer is formed by winding armor steel wires on a submarine cable making layer in a layer-stranding mode. The infusion pipeline is composed of a heat insulation anticorrosive layer 17 and an external steel pipe 18.
The internal stranded structure of seabed umbilical cable is because the mechanical strength who increases umbilical cable self, and the influence of stranded structure to heat bed end, temperature etc. is all less, consequently when building seabed umbilical cable geometric model, on the prerequisite basis of guaranteeing the simulation result exactness, can not all adopt the transposition to conductor copper core and galvanized steel wire armor. Meanwhile, in order to control the number of grids and improve the simulation calculation speed, the model can be simplified according to the IEC international standard, and the water-resistant layer, the lead sheath and the anticorrosive layer are combined into one layer. A simplified geometric model of the subsea umbilical is shown in fig. 6.
The cross section of a water area around the submarine umbilical cable is set to be a square with the size of 1m multiplied by 1m, the length of the square is consistent with that of the submarine umbilical cable, and the submarine umbilical cable is positioned at the center of the water area. The three-dimensional geometric model of the constructed subsea umbilical and surrounding water is shown in fig. 7.
2. Setting electrothermal coupling finite element model and material parameters
Adopting a Thermal-electric analysis module in ANSYS Workbench; analyzing by adopting a simplified geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable; the evaluation analysis of the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor belongs to electromagnetic-thermal steady state analysis.
TABLE 1 submarine umbilical cable finite element model material parameter table
3. Dividing finite element mesh by adopting different methods and different mesh densities
The submarine umbilical cable is complex in structure, most of geometric structures are regular cylinders after reasonable simplification, and finite element meshing can be carried out on the regular cylinders by adopting a sweeping method. The partition mesh density may be adjusted according to its geometry size and whether it is the main subject. The conducting wire core is used as the only influence quantity of a temperature field in the umbilical cable, the grid density is selected to be 2mm, and the grid density of the optical unit and the infusion pipeline is 1.5mm and 3mm due to the geometrical size of the optical unit and the infusion pipeline. The influence quantity of other structures is small, so that excessive consideration can be avoided, and intelligent grid division is adopted, and the grid size is different from 3-6 mm. The divided umbilical cable mesh is shown in fig. 7, and the mesh dividing effect graph of the umbilical cable and the surrounding water area is shown in fig. 8.
4. Setting boundary conditions, liquid temperature in pipe and initial voltage and current load values
Setting the temperature of the lower boundary of a water area to be kept constant, and taking the temperature of seawater as 17 ℃ to be a first type of boundary condition; the temperature gradient of the whole model in the horizontal direction is 0, namely the normal heat flux density of the left and right boundaries is 0, and the left and right boundaries are completely insulated and are the second type of boundary conditions; the upper boundary of the model is air, convective heat transfer exists between the air and the seawater, and the convective heat transfer coefficient is 5, which is the third type of boundary condition.
The infusion pipeline in the umbilical cable mainly conveys various chemical substances, and the working process can assume that the internal liquid is a constant temperature source, and the temperature of the liquid in the infusion pipeline is 25 ℃.
When the submarine umbilical cable is subjected to conductor current-carrying capacity evaluation simulation, voltage and current loads are mainly applied. In the invention, steady-state temperature analysis is selected when finite element solution is carried out. When the current flows through the conductive copper core, the self-heating and the internal temperature field are kept stable when the current is kept stable due to self joule loss heating. When voltage and current loads are applied, a constant voltage is applied to two ends of the conductive wire core, so that stable current is generated in the conductive wire core. The voltage and current load should keep the gradual increasing trend to ensure that the current-carrying capacity evaluation of the umbilical cable conductive wire core reaches the optimal condition when the temperature of the umbilical cable conductive wire core reaches 90 ℃ or approaches 90 ℃.
5. Analyzing the temperature field distribution under different currents
When the submarine umbilical cable runs normally, the temperature of the conductor wire core is not allowed to exceed 90 ℃ after the conductor wire core works continuously for 24 hours, but the temperatures of other positions still need to be concerned, such as an optical unit, an insulating layer, a tegument layer and the like. Since the optical unit is wound on the designated layer of the umbilical cable in a layer-twisted manner and penetrates through the whole umbilical cable, the temperature of each node in the cross section may have a difference, and therefore, the average value of the temperature of all nodes in the cross section is obtained, and the change relationship between the temperature of the optical unit and the current is obtained as shown in fig. 9.
The same procedure was used to extract the temperature versus current for the umbilical copper conductor, XLPE insulation and jacket as shown in fig. 10.
As can be seen from FIG. 10, the temperature of each layer increases with the increase of the current, when the current rises to 1400A, the maximum temperature of the conductor core reaches 90 ℃, which is the maximum allowable temperature of the XLPE insulating layer, and the current is the current carrying capacity of the umbilical cable.
The method for evaluating the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor shown above is a specific embodiment of the invention, has shown the substantial characteristics and progress of the invention, and can make equivalent modifications in terms of shape, structure and the like according to the practical use requirements and under the teaching of the invention, and the method is within the protection scope of the scheme.
Claims (6)
1. A method of subsea umbilical conductor ampacity estimation, the method comprising:
1) establishing a geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable, and making the following assumptions; the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable, wherein the geometric model is formed by twisting a plurality of completely identical conductor wire cores, one or more infusion pipelines and one or more optical units and wrapping an outer layer material; the outer layer of the outer package comprises a filling layer, a binding belt, an armor layer and an outer tegument layer, wherein the filling layer wraps the conductive wire core, the infusion pipeline and the optical unit, the conductive wire core comprises a conductor wire core, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, an inner sheath and an inner sheath which are arranged from inside to outside, and the infusion pipeline consists of a heat insulation layer and an external steel pipe;
neglecting uneven heat dissipation, considering that the inner and outer surfaces of each layer of the seabed umbilical cable are isothermal surfaces; the geometrical parameters of the submarine umbilical cable are assumed to be unchanged, namely the geometrical parameters are constants;
setting a water area around the submarine umbilical cable, wherein the length of the water area is consistent with that of the submarine umbilical cable, and the umbilical cable is positioned in the center of the water area;
2) setting an electrothermal coupling finite element model and material parameters;
3) adopting different methods and different grid densities to divide finite element grids, comprising the following steps:
conductor sinle silk, light unit, infusion pipeline adopt the regular grid division mode of sweeping, and its net size is in proper order: 2mm, 1.5mm, 3 mm; the other layers adopt an irregular grid division mode, and the grid size is 3-6 mm;
4) setting boundary conditions, liquid temperature in a pipe and initial voltage and current load values;
5) analyzing the temperature field distribution conditions under different currents; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature change conditions of the conductor wire core, the optical unit, the insulating layer and the outer tegument layer along with the current;
6) solving and calculating whether the conductor temperature reaches the maximum allowable temperature during continuous working;
7) if the conclusion obtained in the step 6) is yes, finishing the simulation, and obtaining the current when the maximum allowable temperature is reached, namely the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor; if the conclusion in step 6) is negative, changing the current value passed by the conductor, and repeatedly circulating steps 4) -6) until the conclusion is positive.
2. A method of subsea umbilical conductor current carrying evaluation according to claim 1, characterised in that: in the first step, a geometric model adopts three completely same conductive wire cores and three optical units, and is coated with an outer layer material; the conductive wire cores are distributed in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin' in the submarine umbilical cable; the three light units and the infusion pipeline are symmetrically distributed around the center; in the third step, the water area around the submarine umbilical cable is set to be a square of 1m × 1 m.
3. A method of subsea umbilical conductor ampacity estimation according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 2), a Thermal-electric analysis module in ANSYS Workbench is adopted; analyzing by adopting a simplified geometric model of the submarine umbilical cable; the evaluation analysis of the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor belongs to electromagnetic-thermal steady state analysis.
4. The method for evaluating the current carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor according to claim 3, wherein in step 4), a boundary condition is set; assuming that the temperature of the lower boundary of the water area model is constant, setting the temperature of the lower layer of seawater to be 17 ℃, and taking the temperature as a first type of boundary condition; the temperature gradient of the whole model in the horizontal direction is set to be 0, the normal heat flux density of the left and right boundaries is 0, and the left and right boundaries are completely insulated; the upper boundary of the water area model is air, and convection heat exchange exists between the air and the water area, which is a third type of boundary condition; when the current-carrying capacity of a submarine umbilical cable conductor is simulated and evaluated, a certain voltage and current load is applied to the conductor; when a finite element method is used for solving, steady-state thermal analysis is selected; after current flows through the conductor, the conductor generates heat due to self loss and carries out heat transfer in the conductor; the upper limit of the conductor temperature is 90 ℃, the current magnitude is changed to enable the conductor temperature to reach the upper limit, and the observed current magnitude is the current-carrying capacity.
5. The method for evaluating the current carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor according to claim 4, wherein: according to joule's law, when the current flowing through the conductor is stable, the internal temperature field tends to be stable; and obtaining the change condition of the conductor wire core along with the current at the highest temperature point of the conductor wire core when the generated current is stable.
6. The method for evaluating the current-carrying capacity of the submarine umbilical cable conductor according to claim 5, wherein in the step 5), the average value of all the node temperatures in the cross section of the optical unit is obtained as the temperature of the optical unit, and the method is repeated to extract the change condition of the temperature of the insulating layer, the sheath and the like along with the change of the current magnitude, so as to provide a theoretical basis for estimating the conductor core temperature by using the distributed optical fiber sensing technology.
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| CN113032939A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Submarine cable burial depth prediction method based on hot-circuit model analysis |
| CN113051803A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for detecting resistance of cable core in production process |
| CN114442077A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Cable type acoustic emission submerged buoy capable of monitoring underwater equipment in real time and monitoring method thereof |
| CN115561564A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-01-03 | 广东电网有限责任公司中山供电局 | ARIMA sequence prediction method for dynamic current-carrying capacity of cable joint |
| CN115561564B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-10 | 广东电网有限责任公司中山供电局 | ARIMA sequence prediction method for dynamic current-carrying capacity of cable joint |
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