CN111537617A - GIS shell defect detection method based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves - Google Patents
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVYYOKWPCQYKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Co] Chemical compound [Fe].[Co] QVYYOKWPCQYKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting GIS shell defects based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves, which comprises the following steps: selecting a position of a GIS shell, and installing an exciter tape at the position; fixing a detection type sensor on the excitation belt, and carrying out integral defect screening on the GIS shell through the detection type sensor; and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell along the surface of the excitation band by using a scanning sensor. In the implementation of the invention, the problems of complicated instrument operation steps, low detection sensitivity and difficulty in accurate positioning of defects are solved, and the charged detection of the GIS shell defects is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of electrical equipment, in particular to a method for detecting defects of a GIS shell based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves.
Background
The gas insulated totally enclosed combined electrical apparatus (GIS for short) seals various high-voltage electrical apparatus such as circuit breaker, disconnecting switch, earthing switch, bus bar, etc. in the metal casing, and fills sulfur hexafluoride gas with certain pressure as insulating and arc extinguishing medium. Once sulfur hexafluoride gas inside leaks due to GIS shell defects, the reliable operation of an electric power system can be seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the surrounding environment can be polluted, and the health and life safety of workers can be harmed.
At present, the common nondestructive testing of metal structure defects mainly comprises ray testing and eddy current testing. However, the detection rate of the area type defects of the ray detection is influenced by various factors such as the transillumination angle and the like, and the ray detection effect is limited because electrical equipment is already installed in the running GIS; eddy current inspection must scan point by point, needs to scan the whole volume of the whole housing, has large workload, cannot detect the GIS housing wall-penetrating part which is easy to corrode in operation, and has poor detection effect because the eddy current field and the electric field in the GIS are mutually interfered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for detecting the defects of a GIS shell based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves, which is used for realizing the electrified detection of the defects of the GIS shell, realizing the online monitoring and continuous tracking and ensuring the safety of a power system.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a GIS housing defect based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves, where the method includes:
selecting a position of a GIS shell, and installing an exciter tape at the position;
fixing a detection type sensor on the excitation belt, and carrying out integral defect screening on the GIS shell through the detection type sensor;
and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell along the surface of the excitation band by using a scanning sensor.
Optionally, the selecting a position of the GIS housing, and installing the exciter tape at the position includes:
cutting an excitation band which is consistent with the perimeter of the GIS shell and has a width of a first preset value, and coating a couplant with a thickness of a second preset value on one side of the excitation band to obtain the excitation band with the couplant;
and selecting a position of the GIS shell, and winding the exciter tape with the coupling agent at the position in the circumferential direction and fixing the exciter tape with an adhesive tape.
Optionally, the coupling agent comprises sugar, a dispersing agent and water;
the coupling agent is used for preventing the protective paint on the surface of the GIS shell from being stripped, corroded or swelled.
Optionally, the fixing the detection sensor on the excitation belt, and performing defect overall screening on the GIS housing through the detection sensor includes:
winding the detection type sensor for one circle along the circumferential direction of the excitation belt, and fixing the detection type sensor on the excitation belt through a sealing clamp;
controlling a detector host of the detection type sensor to excite and receive guided wave signals through an upper computer;
the guided wave signals are processed by the upper computer to determine the range and the direction of the defects.
Optionally, the detector main machine is a torsional mode guided wave device based on widemann effect.
Optionally, the accurately positioning the defect of the GIS housing along the surface of the excitation strip by using a scanning sensor includes:
determining a scanning starting position on the excitation band;
scanning the scanning sensor from the initial position along the surface of the excitation band for a circle, and acquiring data once when the stepping distance of the scanning sensor is a third preset value;
counting the acquired data through a button on an encoder, and storing a scanned image in the upper computer;
and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell according to the distance between the defects in the scanned image and the initial position.
Optionally, the detection sensor comprises a first coil, and a first adapter;
the detection type sensor is used for carrying out defect overall screening on the GIS shell.
Optionally, the detection sensor further comprises a remote transmission module; through the remote transmission module, the detection type sensor is fixed on the GIS shell and can run for a long time, and the detection type sensor is used for monitoring the state of the GIS shell in real time.
Optionally, the scanning sensor comprises a second coil, a support frame, a pulley and a second adapter;
the scanning sensor is used for accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell.
Optionally, the material of the excitation tape is one of an iron-cobalt binary or iron-cobalt ternary soft magnetic alloy material.
In the implementation of the invention, the magnetostrictive transducer is used for exciting the guided wave of the T (0, 1) mode with non-frequency dispersion T (0, 1) mode in the T (0, 1) mode within the range of 0-1MHz, the guided wave energy is strong, and the magnetostrictive sensor is suitable for detecting the defects of the large-diameter GIS shell; when the defects of the wall penetrating part of the GIS shell are detected, the energy attenuation is reduced, and the defects of the GIS shell positioned in the wall can be effectively identified; in addition, the design of the scanning sensor realizes the space positioning of the defects, the detection sensitivity is high, the detection effect is greatly improved, meanwhile, the device is simple to operate, is not interfered by electromagnetism, can realize the quick electrified detection of the defects of the GIS shell, can also realize the online monitoring and continuous tracking, and ensures the safety of an electric power system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting defects of a GIS housing based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a sensor of the detection type in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of scan A in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a scanning sensor in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a scan C in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a GIS housing defect detection method based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for detecting defects of a GIS housing based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves, the method comprising:
s11: selecting a position of a GIS shell, and installing an exciter tape at the position;
in the implementation process of the invention, the selecting a position of the GIS housing, and the installing the exciter tape at the position comprises: cutting an excitation band which is consistent with the perimeter of the GIS shell and has a width of a first preset value, and coating a couplant with a thickness of a second preset value on one side of the excitation band to obtain the excitation band with the couplant; and selecting a position of the GIS shell, and winding the exciter tape with the coupling agent at the position in the circumferential direction and fixing the exciter tape with an adhesive tape.
It should be noted that the first preset value is 8 cm, and the second preset value is 1 mm.
Optionally, the coupling agent comprises sugar, a dispersing agent and water; the coupling agent is used for preventing the protective paint on the surface of the GIS shell from being stripped, corroded or swelled.
Optionally, the material of the excitation tape is one of an iron-cobalt binary or iron-cobalt ternary soft magnetic alloy material. In the embodiment of the invention, the excitation tape is made of the iron-cobalt binary soft magnetic alloy, and has an ordered structure, so that the alloy becomes brittle and has high saturation magnetic induction intensity.
S12: fixing a detection type sensor on the excitation belt, and carrying out integral defect screening on the GIS shell through the detection type sensor;
in a specific implementation process of the present invention, the fixing the detection sensor on the excitation strip, and performing the defect overall screening on the GIS housing by using the detection sensor includes: winding the detection type sensor for one circle along the circumferential direction of the excitation belt, and fixing the detection type sensor on the excitation belt through a sealing clamp; controlling a detector host of the detection type sensor to excite and receive guided wave signals through an upper computer; the guided wave signals are processed by the upper computer to determine the range and the direction of the defects.
Optionally, the detector main machine is a torsional mode guided wave device based on widemann effect. It should be noted that the excitation module and the receiving module are built in the detection host.
Optionally, the detection sensor comprises a first coil, and a first adapter; the detection type sensor is used for carrying out defect overall screening on the GIS shell.
In addition, the detection sensor also comprises a remote transmission module; through the remote transmission module, the detection type sensor is fixed on the GIS shell and can run for a long time, and the detection type sensor is used for monitoring the state of the GIS shell in real time.
S13: and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell along the surface of the excitation band by using a scanning sensor.
In a specific implementation process of the present invention, the accurately positioning the defects of the GIS housing along the surface of the excitation strip by using the scanning sensor includes: determining a scanning starting position on the excitation band; scanning the scanning sensor from the initial position along the surface of the excitation band for a circle, and acquiring data once when the stepping distance of the scanning sensor is a third preset value; counting the acquired data through a button on an encoder, and storing a scanned image in the upper computer; and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell according to the distance between the defects in the scanned image and the initial position.
It should be noted that the third preset value is 2 cm.
Optionally, the scanning sensor comprises a second coil, a support frame, a pulley and a second adapter; the scanning sensor is used for accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell.
In the specific implementation process of the invention, the detection sensor and the scanning sensor are both magnetostrictive sensors, and excite T (0, 1) mode guided waves, so that the function of self-excitation and self-collection can be realized, the influence of the service environment of the GIS shell is avoided, and the defect detection of the wall-through part of the shell can be realized; in addition, the adapter of the detection type sensor and the adapter of the scanning type sensor can excite guided waves in the frequency range of 64 k-1 MHz, the sensitivity of the defect detection low frequency on the GIS large-diameter shell is high, and the preferred frequency is 64kHz, 90kHz and 128 kHz; the coil impedance matching of the detection type sensor and the scanning type sensor is carried out through an adapter connected with a coil, the adapter adopts a dual-channel design, the direction control of guided wave propagation can be realized, and the impedance matching of the sensor is carried out by connecting a capacitor in parallel between the positive pole and the negative pole of each channel.
In the implementation of the invention, the magnetostrictive transducer is used for exciting the guided wave of the T (0, 1) mode with non-frequency dispersion T (0, 1) mode in the T (0, 1) mode within the range of 0-1MHz, the guided wave energy is strong, and the magnetostrictive sensor is suitable for detecting the defects of the large-diameter GIS shell; when the defects of the wall penetrating part of the GIS shell are detected, the energy attenuation is reduced, and the defects of the GIS shell positioned in the wall can be effectively identified; in addition, the design of the scanning sensor realizes the space positioning of the defects, the detection sensitivity is high, the detection effect is greatly improved, meanwhile, the device is simple to operate, is not interfered by electromagnetism, can realize the quick electrified detection of the defects of the GIS shell, can also realize the online monitoring and continuous tracking, and ensures the safety of an electric power system.
Example two
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a sensor of the detection type in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of scan A in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a scanning sensor in an embodiment of the invention; fig. 5 is a schematic view of a scan C in an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation steps are as follows, step 1, the excitation tape is installed: coating a special coupling agent on one surface of an excitation belt, selecting 1 position on a GIS shell, winding the excitation belt along the circumferential direction of the position and fixing the excitation belt by using an adhesive tape; step 2, carrying out defect overall screening by the detection type sensor: fixing a detection type sensor on the surface of an excitation band, detecting the defects of the whole shell, and determining the range and direction of the defects; step 3, scanning the sensor to accurately position the defects: and determining the initial scanning position on the surface of the excitation band, scanning the scanning sensor for a circle along the excitation band, and determining the position and size of the defect.
It should be noted that the detection sensor in step 2 realizes the a-scan function of the guided wave, and the scan sensor in step 3 realizes the C-scan function of the guided wave.
Specifically, in step 1, the excitation tape 2 needs to be pre-magnetized by a permanent magnet before being coated with the coupling agent 3. In step 2, as shown in fig. 2, the GIS shell 16 is screened integrally through the detection sensor 4, firstly, the detection sensor 4 is used for exciting and receiving 1 signal, the distance between one end surface of the GIS shell 16 and the detection sensor 4 is measured, the propagation speed of the excited guided wave on the GIS shell 16 material is calculated according to the relation between the signal position and the actual distance, and the guided wave propagation speed is input into the upper computer 7; and secondly, exciting forward and backward guided waves at the detection type sensor 4 respectively, and determining all axial positions and directions corresponding to the defects of the GIS shell 16 according to the signal image displayed by the upper computer 7, wherein the detection result is shown in figure 2. In step 3, as shown in fig. 3, an initial scanning position is determined on the surface of the excitation strip, and with the position as a scanning starting point, the scanning sensor 8 steps for 1 fixed distance every time (determined according to the diameter of the GIS shell 16, the step distance is short, the scanning times are many, the time consumption is long, the result is more accurate, and generally 2-3cm is optimal), a button 11 of an encoder 10 on the scanning sensor 8 is pressed, the scanning point data is stored to an upper computer, the scanning sensor is scanned for one circle along the excitation strip, the spatial position of the defect on the GIS shell 16 can be obtained through a C scanning image on the upper computer, the higher the signal brightness of the image is according to the design of the upper computer, the defect size can be judged according to the defect brightness, and the detection result is shown in fig. 5.
In the implementation of the invention, the magnetostrictive transducer is used for exciting the guided wave of the T (0, 1) mode with non-frequency dispersion T (0, 1) mode in the T (0, 1) mode within the range of 0-1MHz, the guided wave energy is strong, and the magnetostrictive sensor is suitable for detecting the defects of the large-diameter GIS shell; when the defects of the wall penetrating part of the GIS shell are detected, the energy attenuation is reduced, and the defects of the GIS shell positioned in the wall can be effectively identified; in addition, the design of the scanning sensor realizes the space positioning of the defects, the detection sensitivity is high, the detection effect is greatly improved, meanwhile, the device is simple to operate, is not interfered by electromagnetism, can realize the quick electrified detection of the defects of the GIS shell, can also realize the online monitoring and continuous tracking, and ensures the safety of an electric power system.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by associated hardware instructed by a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic or optical disk, or the like.
In addition, the method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave provided by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, a specific example is adopted to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting defects of a GIS shell based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a position of a GIS shell, and installing an exciter tape at the position;
fixing a detection type sensor on the excitation belt, and carrying out integral defect screening on the GIS shell through the detection type sensor;
and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell along the surface of the excitation band by using a scanning sensor.
2. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 1, wherein the step of selecting a position of the GIS shell, and the step of installing the exciter tape at the position comprises the following steps:
cutting an excitation band which is consistent with the perimeter of the GIS shell and has a width of a first preset value, and coating a couplant with a thickness of a second preset value on one side of the excitation band to obtain the excitation band with the couplant;
and selecting a position of the GIS shell, and winding the exciter tape with the coupling agent at the position in the circumferential direction and fixing the exciter tape with an adhesive tape.
3. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 2, wherein the coupling agent comprises sugar, a dispersing agent and water;
the coupling agent is used for preventing the protective paint on the surface of the GIS shell from being stripped, corroded or swelled.
4. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 1, wherein the step of fixing a detection sensor on the excitation belt and integrally screening the GIS shell for the defects through the detection sensor comprises the following steps:
winding the detection type sensor for one circle along the circumferential direction of the excitation belt, and fixing the detection type sensor on the excitation belt through a sealing clamp;
controlling a detector host of the detection type sensor to excite and receive guided wave signals through an upper computer;
the guided wave signals are processed by the upper computer to determine the range and the direction of the defects.
5. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 4, wherein the detector main machine is torsional mode guided wave equipment based on the Wednman effect.
6. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 1, wherein the accurate defect positioning of the GIS shell along the surface of the excitation band by using a scanning sensor comprises the following steps:
determining a scanning starting position on the excitation band;
scanning the scanning sensor from the initial position along the surface of the excitation band for a circle, and acquiring data once when the stepping distance of the scanning sensor is a third preset value;
counting the acquired data through a button on an encoder, and storing a scanned image in the upper computer;
and accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell according to the distance between the defects in the scanned image and the initial position.
7. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the detection sensor comprises a first coil and a first adapter;
the detection type sensor is used for carrying out defect overall screening on the GIS shell.
8. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to claim 7, wherein the detection sensor further comprises a remote transmission module; through the remote transmission module, the detection type sensor is fixed on the GIS shell and can run for a long time, and the detection type sensor is used for monitoring the state of the GIS shell in real time.
9. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the scanning sensor comprises a second coil, a support frame, a pulley and a second adapter;
the scanning sensor is used for accurately positioning the defects of the GIS shell.
10. The method for detecting the defects of the GIS shell based on the magnetostrictive torsional guided wave according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the excitation tape is made of one of a ferromagnetic-cobalt binary material or a ferromagnetic-cobalt ternary soft alloy material.
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CN115469022A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Unidirectional torsion guided wave single-channel magnetostrictive transducer and using method |
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