CN111537018A - Estimating sequestered CO2Automatic carbon sequestration estimation system and method for quantities of - Google Patents
Estimating sequestered CO2Automatic carbon sequestration estimation system and method for quantities of Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537018A CN111537018A CN201910589532.6A CN201910589532A CN111537018A CN 111537018 A CN111537018 A CN 111537018A CN 201910589532 A CN201910589532 A CN 201910589532A CN 111537018 A CN111537018 A CN 111537018A
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- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
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- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic network carbon sequestration/sequestration estimation system and method, which are used for estimating CO fixed/sequestered by various types of plants2And will help to estimate the impact of forestation, forest deforestation and forest protection, etc. on carbon sequestration. The CO2 sequestration estimation system includes a battery/AC operated auto-sensing CSE device (carbon sequestration estimation device) to estimate the carbon sequestration by using CO2Sensor, O2Sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors, among others, measure the rate of respiration and photosynthesis to monitor the amount of carbon sequestration occurring in a given land area. Sensor device (CSE device)Useful for various physical parameters (e.g. O)2Concentration, CO2Concentration, light intensity, temperature and humidity, etc.). The CSE devices form a wired/wireless network using any suitable communication protocol. The CSE device sends the data to an administrator at the back-end server through a jump device.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an automatic network carbon sink estimation system and method that estimates the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide fixed by various types of plants. More specifically, the invention provides a CO for assessing the impact of afforestation, forest logging and forest protection in carbon sequestration2A sequestration evaluation system and method.
Background
Carbon dioxide (CO)2) Is one of the major greenhouse gases. The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is a major cause of artificial greenhouse effect and also a major cause of global warming. According to the paris protocol, india promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions per GDP (total domestic production) by 33-35% compared to 2005 levels by 2030 as part of the INDC (national voluntary contribution program). The main focus for achieving INDC is turning to clean energy utilization, adapting to green technology and increasing tree coverage. The aim is to increase carbon sequestration, which means long term storage of carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon. India intends to increase the area covered by trees nationwide to create an additional carbon sink of 25 to 30 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. Plants aid carbon sequestration through the process of photosynthesis. Dead remains of plants also cause carbon sequestration in the form of humus. The national green indian mission and the national green highway mission are some of the measures taken by the indian government in this regard.
Carbon sequestration is generally measured by calculating the amount of organic carbon present in the soil over a period of time. Changes over time give CO fixed by photosynthesis2An estimate of the amount of (c). Some of the methods used by national and international organizations are listed below:
a) Walkley-Black chromic acid wet oxidation method
Oxidizable content of soil by K2Cr2O7The solution is oxidized. Addition of H2SO4To assist the reaction by generating heat. The resulting dichromate solution was titrated with ferrous sulfate. The concentration determined by titration is inversely related to the amount of carbon in the soil sample.
b) Diffuse Reflection Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy
It is used in conjunction with multivariate data analysis and is an inexpensive and rapid method of determining the morphology of different carbons in soils and sediments. The major infrared absorption bands are assigned to the bonds, deform at specific frequencies, and help to identify carbon in both inorganic and organic forms.
Some patent applications known in the art include CN104374882A, which discloses that the wireless intelligent carbon sink monitoring system is a carbon sink and carbon emission monitoring system. The provided system is based on real-time sensor network technology and data acquisition of a wireless sensor network.
CN107173156A discloses a method for carbon sequestration capacity in desert areas by understory crusting of elms and elms. The method comprises selecting elm for afforestation, plantation construction, improving survival elm, using its preferred carbon sequestration, and increasing atmospheric vegetation fixed CO2The amount of the fertilizer and soil organic carbon which helps the elm to grow and fix root systems, and simultaneously improves the forest coverage of human biological crust, improves the soil, increases the organic carbon content of the soil on the surface layer of the desert, improves the ecological environment of the desert, enhances the carbon sequestration desert area and actively deals with the contribution of climate change.
CN106426534A describes a concept of carbon sequestration by inorganic building materials and discloses a reaction device system that allows inorganic building materials to rapidly absorb carbon dioxide. The system includes a reaction vessel 1 for allowing carbon dioxide gas to react with inorganic materials, a control instrument system 2 for controlling the pressure, gas concentration, temperature and humidity of the reaction vessel, a vacuum decompression system 3 for removing air in the reaction vessel in advance, and a carbon dioxide gas supply device system 4.
These methods require a large number of manual operations and are time-consumingAnd may still not give accurate results. We intend to develop an automatic carbon sequestration estimation system and method based on wireless/wired sensor networks to estimate the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide fixed by a given forest cover (vegetation). Such a system would help quantify the efficiency of carbon dioxide reduction by forest cover, and in turn provide government/research organizations and the like with an accurate measure of their efficiency. This will help predict CO due to different types of vegetation, environmental parameters, soil type, climate conditions, surrounding human activity, etc2The effect of the sequestration process.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an automated network carbon sequestration/sequestration estimation system for the assessment of CO sequestration/sequestration by various types of plants2And will help to estimate the impact of forestation, forest deforestation and forest protection, etc. on carbon sequestration.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic network carbon sequestration/sequestration estimation system that includes a Carbon Sequestration Estimation (CSE) device, a CO2Sensor, O2Sensors, temperature and Relative Humidity (RH) sensors, and illumination intensity sensors.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a system to measure temperature, relative humidity, illumination intensity, CO by using2And O2The sensors on the CSE device of (a) measure the rate of respiration and photosynthesis to monitor the amount of carbon sequestration occurring in a given area of land. This data will communicate with the microprocessor via a serial communication protocol such as UART, I2C, SPI, etc.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a system for monitoring carbon seal inventory that uses data analysis algorithms to predict the coverage area of each CSE unit and analyzes the CO for different types of environmental physical parameters by each CSE unit2And (7) sealing and storing.
Yet another object of the present invention related to a system is to help develop tree planting strategies, i.e. to determine which trees are suitable for sequestration of CO present in a given area of a given environment, soil, climatic conditions, etc2。
The following summary is provided to facilitate an understanding of some of the innovative features unique to the embodiments disclosed and is not intended to be a full description. A full appreciation of the various aspects of the preferred embodiments disclosed herein can be gained by taking the entire specification, claims, drawings, and abstract as a whole.
The present invention has been designed and developed to meet the needs presented in the O-based2Concentration, CO2Correlations between concentration, photosynthesis, respiration rate, light intensity, temperature and humidity were used to estimate carbon sequestration/sequestration.
The invention relates to an automatic network carbon sequestration/sequestration estimation system, which comprises a measuring device for measuring CO around trees2Concentration, O2Concentration, light intensity, temperature and humidity sensing means (CSE means).
In addition, the carbon sequestration estimation devices have utility for various physical parameters (e.g., O)2Concentration, CO2Concentration, light intensity, temperature and humidity, etc.).
In another aspect of the invention, the CSE device will be solar powered and will also have a back-up main power supply.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosed system are: a data analysis algorithm for predicting the coverage area of each CSE unit and CO for different types of vegetation (types and forms of forest/plant coverage), environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil type, climatic conditions, human activity (anthropogenic activity) in the surrounding environment, etc.) by each CSE unit2And (7) sealing and storing.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the invention.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The invention itself, however, both as to organization and method of operation, may best be understood by reference to the detailed description which follows taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram depicting a system of carbon sequestration evaluation devices in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention for describing a data analysis summary of an automated network carbon sequestration/sequestration estimation system;
fig. 3 shows the working mechanism of the proposed system.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will fully and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth of specific components, devices, and methods in order to provide a thorough understanding of the preferred embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that preferred embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the invention. In some example embodiments, well-known methods, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
In describing preferred embodiments of the present invention, reference will be made herein to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings in which like numerals refer to like features of the invention.
One embodiment of the proposed automatic carbon sequestration system 1 comprises an area 2, an environmental physical parameter 3, a sensing device being a Carbon Sequestration Estimation (CSE) device 4, a plurality of sensors 5, a CO2Sensor 6, O2Sensor 7, temperature sensor 8, humidity sensor 9, light intensity sensor 10, charging IC11, solar panel 12, primary battery 13, secondary battery 14, voltage regulator 15, data 16, user 17, input 18, at least one soil 19, at least one vegetation type 20, at least one climate condition 21, human activity 22, relative humidity 23 and at least light intensity 24, respiration rate 25, photosynthesis rate 26, administrator 27, server 28, wired or wireless network 29, 30, microprocessor 31, communication protocol 32, communication network 33, uniqueData analysis algorithm 34, concentration of gas exchange 35, coverage area 36, and tree planting strategy 37.
In another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a carbon sequestration evaluation device 4 to estimate carbon sequestration by measuring various environmental physical parameters 3 (e.g., using a temperature sensor 8, a humidity sensor 9, an illumination intensity 10, CO)2Sensor 6 and O2Respiration rate 25 and photosynthesis rate 26 of sensors 7, etc.) to monitor the amount of carbon sequestration occurring in a given land area 2.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a typical data analysis summary of the system 1 is shown in FIG. 2. At the back end, a unique data analysis algorithm 34 is applied to estimate the CO of a particular plant type for a given set of environmental physical conditions 32And (7) sealing and storing. O released according to the photosynthesis equation given below2The concentration will help to directly estimate the consumed CO2And (4) concentration. Respiration processes in trees occur both day and night and consume O2CO release2. On the other hand, the photosynthesis process only takes place in the daytime, since it depends on sunlight and consumes CO2With simultaneous release of O2。
O released according to the photosynthesis equation given below2The concentration will help to directly estimate the consumed CO2And (4) concentration. O consumed during respiration2Compensation of (a) will be based on respiration data collected at night, since photosynthesis is not taking place at night. For the same type of tree, the coverage and CO should be in the crown2A correlation is established between consumption. This will ensure that only one sensing device will be able to estimate the large forest coverage of a particular type of tree.
The CSE unit 4 is powered by solar energy and a back-up mains power supply. The sensor 5 will communicate with the microprocessor 31 via a serial communication protocol 32 (e.g., UART, 12C, SPI, etc.). The sensed data 16 will be transmitted over the communication network 33. The data 16 is collected at the server 28,and the pattern and concentration 35 of gas exchange between the trees and the atmosphere will be understood by the unique data analysis algorithm 34. The algorithm 34 will be used to analyze the CO for different types of vegetation, environmental parameters 3, soil types, climate conditions, human activity in the surrounding environment, etc. by each CSE device 42And (7) sealing and storing.
Different data analysis algorithms are used to predict the coverage area 36 of each sensing CSE unit 4 and analyze the CO for different environmental parameters 3, soil types 19, vegetation types 20, climate conditions 21, human activity in the surrounding environment, etc. by each CSE unit 42And (7) sealing and storing. The system 1 may also be used to quantify the effects of various human activities 22. It will also be applied to develop tree planting strategies 37, i.e. to determine which trees are suitable for sequestration of CO present in a given area 2 of a given environment, soil, climatic conditions, etc2。
The proposed invention as shown in fig. 3, the sensed carbon sequestration evaluation means 4 is a battery/AC operated automatic means for monitoring the amount of carbon sequestration occurring in a given area of land 2 by a plurality of sensors 5. It is powered by batteries, solar energy, and can be used as an ac operated device. The CSE devices 4 form a wired 29/wireless 30 network using any suitable communication protocol 32. The CSE device 4 sends the data 16 to an administrator 27 at a back-end server 28 via a hopping device (if needed). The carbon sequestration evaluation means 4 will also have a back-up main power supply.
The automated carbon sequestration system 1 of the present invention provides the following practical uses and benefits:
the automatic network hardware device (CSE device 4) is able to estimate the carbon sequestration/sequestration for various types of plants.
The process being according to O2Concentration, CO2Correlations between concentration, photosynthesis, respiration rate, light intensity, temperature and humidity were used to estimate carbon sequestration/sequestration.
Data analysis algorithms for predicting the coverage area of each CSE unit and analyzing the CO by each CSE unit for the following conditions of different type2Sealing and storing:
vegetation (type and form of forest/plant cover)
Environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc
Soil type
Climatic conditions
Human activity in the surrounding environment (human activity), etc.
The algorithm helps to formulate a tree planting strategy, i.e. to determine which trees are suitable for sequestration of CO present in a given area of a given environment, soil, climatic conditions, etc2。
In certain embodiments, the automated carbon sequestration system 1 may be arranged in alternative configurations to estimate carbon sequestration:
different types of wired or wireless communication protocols may be used to form the network between CSE devices.
More environmental sensors may be added to the CSE device.
The data analysis algorithm can be altered by changing or adding different parameters or adding new analysis modules.
Different types of power supplies may be used for CSE devices.
While preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention includes advantages and features over and above the specifically illustrated structures. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the scope of the following claims, and not by the foregoing description, when interpreted in accordance with the relevant prior art.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic carbon sequestration system (1), the automatic carbon sequestration system (1) for monitoring the amount of carbon sequestration/sequestration occurring in an area (2) by measuring an environmental physical parameter (3), comprising:
a plurality of Carbon Sequestration Estimation (CSE) units (4), wherein the CSE units (4) comprise: a plurality of sensors (5) configured as CO2Sensor (6), O2A sensor (7), a temperature sensor (8), a humidity sensor (9) and an illumination intensity sensor (10); a charging IC (11); a solar panel (12); a primary battery (13); a secondary battery (14); a voltage regulator (15);
data (16) from the CSE device (4);
a user (17);
an input (18) of the user (17), wherein the input (18) comprises at least one type of soil (19), at least one vegetation type (20), at least one climate condition (21), human activity (22), relative humidity (23), at least light intensity (24), temperature, CO2Concentration, O2Concentration;
a respiration rate (25) of the input (18);
a rate of photosynthesis (26) of the input (18);
an administrator (27);
a server (28);
a wired network (29);
a wireless network (30);
a microprocessor (31);
at least one communication protocol (32);
a communication network (33);
a unique data analysis algorithm (34);
concentration of gas exchange between trees and atmosphere (35);
a coverage area (36) of the CSE device (4);
a tree planting strategy (37);
wherein the CSE device (4) measures a concentration (35) of the gas exchange between trees and atmosphere to monitor an amount of carbon consumption occurring in the area (2).
2. The automated carbon sequestration system (1) according to claim 1 wherein the method of operation of the system comprises the steps of:
collecting, by the CSE device (4), the data (16) from the environmental physical parameters (3) in the area (2) through the plurality of sensors (5);
selecting the communication protocol (32) from the wired network (29) and the wireless network (30);
-transferring said data (16) to said microprocessor (31) through said communication protocol (32);
sending, by the CSE device (4), the data to the administrator (27) at the server (28);
storing said data (16) in said server (28) by said unique data analysis algorithm (34) to analyze a concentration (35) of said gas exchange between trees and atmosphere;
analyzing the CO from the given environmental physical parameter and measured data (16) by the unique data analysis algorithm2And (7) sealing and storing.
3. The automated carbon sequestration system (1) system according to claim 2 wherein the method is configured to correlate between the environmental physical parameter (3) and the measured data (16).
4. The automated carbon sequestration system (1) of claim 1 wherein the unique data analysis algorithm predicts a coverage area (36) of the CSE device (4).
5. The automated carbon sequestration system (1) of claim 1 wherein the effect of the human activity (22) is quantified by the system (1).
6. The automatic carbon sequestration system (1) in accordance with claim 1 wherein the tree planting strategy (37) is enacted by the system.
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| IN201911004661 | 2019-02-06 | ||
| IN201911004661A IN201911004661A (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2019-02-06 |
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| CN112924648A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 大连理工大学 | Evaluation geological sequestration CO2Method for mineralizing evolution law and sealing storage quantity |
| CN113740196A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-03 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for measuring carbon sequestration amount of in-situ pyrolysis organic mineral layer |
| CN114544463A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Fractured reservoir geologic body CO2Buried storage evaluation method and device |
| WO2024050365A1 (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-03-07 | Heirloom Carbon Technologies, Inc. | Controls architecture for predicting and maintaining co2 uptake rates in direct air capture contactors, and methods of operating the same |
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| WO2024064057A1 (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-03-28 | DigiKerma, Inc. | System and method of tracking and reducing carbon emissions |
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