CN111535819B - High drop shaft and mining method using same - Google Patents
High drop shaft and mining method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111535819B CN111535819B CN202010352845.2A CN202010352845A CN111535819B CN 111535819 B CN111535819 B CN 111535819B CN 202010352845 A CN202010352845 A CN 202010352845A CN 111535819 B CN111535819 B CN 111535819B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/04—Transport of mined material in gravity inclines; in staple or inclined shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high drop shaft and a mining method using the same, the high drop shaft at least comprises: an inspection auxiliary shaft passage which is arranged in parallel with the high-pass shaft passage; one end of the inspection gallery is communicated to the inspection auxiliary well channel; the first protection door can be installed in the inspection roadway in an opening and closing manner, and the high-speed shaft is characterized by further comprising a multi-section telescopic rod which is used for being matched with the first protection door and is provided with a rocket projectile, wherein: in the process that the first protection door is converted from a first closing state to a second closing state different from the opening and closing direction of the first closing state, the multi-section telescopic rod transfers the rocket projectile which is kept on the rod body and the installation direction of which meets the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft to the high-speed shaft channel through the inspection drift in a non-electric driving mode by utilizing the action of first external force so as to dredge the blocking in the shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a high drop shaft and a mining method using the same.
Background
The ore drawing orepass is used for connecting an upper middle section and a lower middle section and temporarily storing ores or waste rocks, and the quality of the ore drawing ability of the ore drawing orepass directly influences the economic benefit and the production ability of the whole mine. Once a blockage occurs, normal production of the mine is severely affected, and even production stop is caused. Therefore, the prevention of ore drawing ore pass blockage and effective dredging after blockage are highly important problems of underground mines. When the ore is drawn, the ore passes are blocked, and the normal production is seriously influenced. After the ore pass is blocked, safe and quick dredging is needed to recover production in time, a treatment method needs to be determined according to local conditions, and a safe and effective method needs to be selected in a targeted manner.
The main reason that the ore drawing of the ore pass is adopted at home and abroad to influence the normal production is that the ore pass is often blocked, so that the normal production of the mine is seriously influenced. For example, Lanjian 2# ore pass is delivered in 1972 (diameter is 5m and depth is 244m) in China, due to 6 serious blocking accidents, only 123.2 thousands of ore is removed, and the service life is less than 10 years. The last blockage was resolved only 17 years after treatment. The normal production of the mine is seriously influenced, so that enterprises cause huge economic loss, and millions of yuan of economic cost is invested only by dredging blockage.
Particularly for blocks of 300 to 500mm, the high pass shaft is adopted as a more efficient conveying method at present. However, when the height of the phosphate rock high pass exceeds 300 meters, the excessive height difference thereof constitutes a great challenge and bottleneck for the plugging treatment, and also limits the high pass height for the phosphate rock mining operation to be generally set to 100 to 200 meters or more. At present, the phosphate rock high-pass shaft with the length of more than 300 meters does not exist in China.
The conventional water-jet dredging method has low effect on the problem of ore pass blockage existing in the mining industry all the time, and the prior art provides a large number of solutions by utilizing the high-effect advantage of blasting dredging. The current mainstream methods for blasting and dredging include a drilling blasting method, a hydrogen balloon blasting method and an unmanned aerial vehicle blasting method.
Patent document with the publication number of CN102997764B discloses a method for efficiently removing obstruction of a chute and an obstruction removing device. The blockage removing device comprises a traction rope guide pipe and a traction rope, and the traction rope penetrates through the traction rope guide pipe to fix explosives. The invention skillfully utilizes the chute connecting channel matched with the chute, utilizes the chute connecting channel with a lower plugging point to measure the plugging point position and set explosives, utilizes the chute connecting channel with a higher plugging point to determine the drilling direction, arranges the opening of the guide hole below the plug (close to the plug), and ensures that the explosives are close to the plug by the cooperation of the upper chute connecting channel and the lower chute connecting channel, thereby ensuring the blasting effect; meanwhile, the use of the guide hole can naturally separate the operating personnel from the explosive, thereby ensuring the construction safety.
Patent document with publication number CN102927864B discloses a device and method for treating high-position blockage of a draw shaft by balloon suspension explosive blasting: the device comprises an explosive combination, a positioning pulley mechanism, a pull rope and an overhanging member, wherein the explosive combination is composed of a balloon, an explosive and a detonating tube, the gravity stress direction of the explosive combination, the buoyancy force stress direction and the pulling force stress direction are on the same plumb line, and the overhanging member is arranged above the explosive combination and can be close to or far away from the explosive combination. The method comprises the steps of controlling the gravity stress direction, the buoyancy force and the pulling force stress direction of an explosive combination body to be on the same plumb line during installation; in the process of floating the balloon, the horizontal displacement of the balloon stopped at the collapse part of the well wall is corrected so as to control the gravity stress direction of the explosive combination body and the buoyancy and tension stress directions to be on the same plumb line.
Patent document with the granted publication number of CN110567331A discloses a blasting fixing device and a chute dredging system and method using the same, wherein the blasting fixing device comprises a vertical rod and at least one group of umbrella-shaped supporting mechanisms arranged on the vertical rod; a supporting platform for fixing an explosive bag is arranged at the top of the vertical rod; the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of inclined supporting rods which are arranged around the vertical rods in an umbrella shape, one ends of the inclined supporting rods are connected to the vertical rods in an open state, and the other ends of the inclined supporting rods are supported on the inner wall of the blasting channel in an abutting mode under the gravity action of the self weight of the explosive package and the device. The invention uses the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism to fix the explosive package, after the explosive package is lifted and conveyed to the position below the blocking object position, the one-way supporting structure of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism is used for supporting and fixing the explosive package in the draw shaft for dredging and blasting.
However, in practical applications, the drilling blasting method (the method and the blockage removing device for efficiently removing the blockage of the chute disclosed in the patent document CN 102997764B) not only has complicated operation procedures and high cost, but also has a serious problem that the specific drilling position cannot be determined along with the deviation of the drill hole. If a hydrogen balloon blasting method (such as a device and a method for blasting by balloon suspension explosives to treat high-position blockage of a draw shaft disclosed in patent document CN 102927864B) and an unmanned aerial vehicle blasting method (such as a blasting fixing device disclosed in patent document CN110567331A and a draw shaft blockage removing system and a method applied by the blasting fixing device) are adopted, a plurality of workers are required to manually install auxiliary mechanisms on site in a channel communicated with the draw shaft, the working strength is high, and no personnel protection measures are provided at all. Especially for the phosphate rock high pass shaft of up to 300 meters, which is not mature in the domestic mining technology, the hydrogen balloon blasting method and the unmanned blasting method, which are difficult to carry when going down the shaft due to too many required auxiliary mechanisms in the prior art, or the drilling blasting method, which is long in time consumption and low in reliability, cannot be applied to the high pass shaft with a large height difference, and meanwhile, the safe operation rule of the high pass shaft construction cannot be met.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
The method is characterized in that a large number of solutions are provided by utilizing the high-efficiency advantage of blasting dredging in the prior art on the basis of the conventional low-efficiency water flushing dredging method for the problem of ore pass blockage in the mining industry at present, and the mainstream methods for blasting dredging at present comprise a drilling blasting method, a hydrogen balloon blasting method and an unmanned aerial vehicle blasting method. However, in practical applications, the drilling blasting method has the serious problems that the operation procedure is complex, the cost is high, and the specific drilling position cannot be judged along with the deviation of the drilling hole, while the hydrogen balloon blasting method and the unmanned aerial vehicle blasting method both require a plurality of workers to manually install auxiliary mechanisms on site in a channel communicated with the draw shaft, have high working strength, and do not have any personnel protection measures at all. Especially for the phosphate rock high pass shaft of up to 300 meters, which is not mature in the domestic mining technology, the hydrogen balloon blasting method and the unmanned blasting method, which are difficult to carry when going down the shaft due to too many required auxiliary mechanisms in the prior art, or the drilling blasting method, which is long in time consumption and low in reliability, cannot be applied to the high pass shaft with a large height difference, and meanwhile, the safe operation rule of the high pass shaft construction cannot be met.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-speed shaft which meets the construction safety operation regulations of the high-speed shaft and simultaneously realizes a more efficient blockage dredging effect, the high-speed shaft is provided with the first protective door and the multi-section telescopic rod which are matched with each other for use, workers only need to carry a rocket projectile and a simple and portable multi-section telescopic rod to get into the shaft, the working strength is low, the cost is greatly reduced, the workers always realize accurate observation of the blockage position, installation and emission of the rocket projectile and other work under the absolute safety condition, the safety performance is superior to any one of the traditional blockage dredging methods, the liquid carbon dioxide can quickly expand by over 600 times and over 1000 times in a very short time under the action of the electric heating device by combining the dredging method adopted by the rocket projectile in the application, and great kinetic energy is provided for the rocket projectile, compared with the explosive, the explosive is safer and more stable.
The invention provides a high pass, which at least comprises: an inspection auxiliary shaft passage which is arranged in parallel with the high-pass shaft passage; one end of the inspection gallery is communicated to the inspection auxiliary well channel; the first protection door can be installed in the inspection roadway in an opening and closing manner, and the high-speed shaft is characterized by further comprising a multi-section telescopic rod which is used for being matched with the first protection door and is provided with a rocket projectile, wherein: in the process that the first protection door is converted from a first closing state to a second closing state different from the opening and closing direction of the first closing state, the multi-section telescopic rod transfers the rocket projectile which is kept on the rod body and the installation direction of which meets the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft to the high-speed shaft channel through the inspection drift in a non-electric driving mode by utilizing the action of first external force so as to dredge the blocking in the shaft.
The first closed state refers to the side of the first protection door facing the inspection drift and the side of the first protection door facing the high-speed shaft. The second closed state refers to the side of the first protection door facing the high-speed shaft and the side of the first protection door facing the inspection drift. The first protective doors in the two closed states both cut off the gas circulation between the inspection gallery and the high-speed shaft. The safety of staff has been guaranteed to the first guard gate under the closed condition. The first protective door may be a revolving door structure as is common. The staff only need with the rocket bomb of carrying install on the multisection telescopic link can. Through the linkage relation between the multi-section telescopic rod and the first protection door, the opening and closing of the first protection door can drive the multi-section telescopic rod to move back and forth at the side where the inspection gallery is located and the side where the high-speed shaft is located, and the rocket bomb is transferred into the high-speed shaft channel. The multi-section telescopic rod does not need to consume electric energy, and the automatic positioning of the rocket projectile can be realized only under the action of the self gravity of the rocket projectile (namely the action of the first external force). Under this setting, the structure of multisection telescopic link is very simple and easy and manufacturing cost is extremely low, need not any electronic chip or circuit connection and can guarantee the rocket bullet of high reliability and shift, even multisection telescopic link is hit by the ore accident because of blockking up the mediation process and decreases, the cost of maintenance of changing new multisection telescopic link is also very low.
According to a preferred embodiment, when the rocket projectile is detached from the multi-section telescopic rod, the multi-section telescopic rod can be restored to an initial state in the inspection roadway in a non-electrically driven manner by means of the application body of a second external force action different from the application body of the first external force action, and the initial state can be recovered by means of the process of reversely switching from the second closed state to the first closed state by means of the first protective door.
The first external force applying main body mainly refers to a rocket projectile mounted on the multi-section telescopic rod, and the second external force applying main body different from the first external force applying main body mainly refers to an elastic component mounted inside the multi-section telescopic rod. The multi-section telescopic rod can keep a contraction state under the elastic action of the elastic part, and the multi-section telescopic rod is short in length and can pass through the first protective door completely and smoothly. The multi-section telescopic rod is extended after the rocket projectile is installed. When the rocket projectile is separated from the multi-section telescopic rod, the multi-section telescopic rod is not influenced by the gravity of the rocket projectile any more and retracts to a shorter length under the elastic release of the elastic component. The multi-section telescopic rod after the rocket projectile is released can be smoothly recovered to the inspection roadway through the first protective door. The staff can reuse the multi-section telescopic rod or replace the multi-section telescopic rod for new use.
According to a preferred embodiment, the inspection drift is connected to the high-speed shaft tunnel through an inspection inclined tunnel for providing a movable passage for the multi-section telescopic rod after being separated from the inspection drift.
The inspection inclined drift is arranged obliquely, and the height difference of two ends of the inspection inclined drift in the vertical direction is utilized, so that the ore accumulation in the inclined drift is avoided in the daily unloading or blocking and dredging process; and secondly, after the multi-section telescopic rod is transferred into the inclined tunnel for inspection, under the height difference, the rocket bomb positioned at the tail end of the multi-section telescopic rod is driven to slide downwards under the action of the self weight of the rocket bomb, and the multi-section telescopic rod extends and extends, so that the rocket bomb is automatically positioned in the drop shaft. The process of rocket projectile transfer is also completed when the first protection door is in a closed state, so that the safety protection of workers is further ensured.
According to a preferred embodiment, a wind power generation module capable of storing electric energy by using air volume in the high-speed shaft during ore unloading and blockage dredging is arranged in the inclined inspection roadway.
When unloading and dredging blockage in the high pass, a large amount of ores move downwards at high speed to generate strong impact wind pressure, and particularly the mining depth of the high pass of the phosphorite up to 300 meters is increased, so that the impact wind pressure is linearly increased. In this respect, the high drop shaft provided by the application is provided with the wind power generation module, the wind power generation module is arranged above the inner wall of the inspection inclined roadway, the position is not easy to accumulate dust and cannot be hit by falling ores, the service life is long, the reliability is high, meanwhile, strong wind in the inspection inclined roadway under the effect of a narrow tube effect is fully utilized, and wind energy is converted into electric energy to be stored. The narrow tube effect here refers to a narrowed air duct similar to that between streets or buildings in a city, and the air speed and the air quantity at the air duct are obviously increased. The staff can communicate the stored electric energy to each electric equipment through the way of opening the floodgate after going down to the inspection gallery.
According to a preferred embodiment, the inside wall of the high-speed shaft channel is provided with an observation device channel, so that an observation device which is assembled inside the observation device channel and is positioned at a storage position can be moved to a working position for acquiring the information of the blocking position in the high-speed shaft.
The high drop shaft that this application provided is provided with and is particularly suitable for the observation device (for example laser charge level indicator) under the big application scenario of this kind of the little degree of depth of diameter of high drop shaft, and the staff need not the high dust environment of direct contact, only need adopt the laser charge level indicator to carry out indirect observation, look over behind the first protection door that is in the closed condition observation result can, not only be favorable to observing the effect, also improved staff's work efficiency and the operating efficiency of drop shaft ore drawing system simultaneously.
According to a preferred embodiment, the observation equipment is mounted on an observation equipment rack, and a small fan mounted on the observation equipment rack can be actuated by means of a relative movement of the observation equipment rack within the observation equipment aisle.
The observation equipment is directly placed in the high-dust environment of the high-pass shaft after being moved out of the channel of the observation equipment, and dust is easy to accumulate. To this, this application has proposed the observation equipment frame that is provided with little fan, and little fan is being driven in step and is rotating with the help of the removal of observation equipment frame to this, need not to consume unnecessary electric energy, and observation equipment has little fan to sweep its mirror surface around using simultaneously, improves observation equipment's observation effect, and the reduction of dust can effectively improve observation equipment's life.
According to a preferred embodiment, a supporting plate for slidably guiding the telescopic rods is arranged in the inclined inspection lane, and the supporting plate can reciprocate in a predetermined range relative to the inclined inspection lane so as to minimize the residue on the plate surface.
In the process of unloading ore or dredging blockage, blasting impact or ore impact on the wall of the ore pass can cause vibration of the local structure of the ore pass, so that the bearing plate can shake in the inclined inspection roadway in a small amplitude, and the residual ore or dust and the like possibly remaining on the bearing plate can be shaken off under the inclined angle. Firstly, guarantee the extension of multisection telescopic link smoothly and expand, on the other hand can be when multisection telescopic link expandes not smoothly, through the smooth extension of small amplitude shake impel its body of rod.
The application also provides a mining method using the high drop shaft, which is characterized by at least comprising at least one of the following steps: under the condition that the observation equipment acquires the information of the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, when the second protection door is in a closed state, the electronic terminal indicates that the first protection door is switched from a current first closed state to a second closed state, so that the rocket projectiles on the rod body of the multi-section telescopic rod on the first protection door are transferred into the high-speed shaft channel; the wireless remote controller operated by the working personnel indicates the rocket bomb to be separated from the multi-section telescopic rod so as to realize blasting and dredging of the blockage in the high-speed shaft.
According to a preferred embodiment, the mining method further comprises at least one of the following steps: when the inspection gallery and the high-speed shaft channel are relatively isolated from each other through a first protective door in a first closing state, the electronic terminal drives the observation equipment positioned in the observation equipment channel to move between a storage position and a working position of the observation equipment so as to obtain the blocking azimuth information in the high-speed shaft; based on the received information of the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, the electronic terminal outputs the information of the installation direction of the rocket projectile meeting the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, and the information is displayed to be checked for workers.
According to a preferred embodiment, the mining method further comprises at least one of the following steps: the electronic terminal acquires air volume information in the high-speed shaft channel through the wind power generation module, and when the air volume information meets a preset safe air volume threshold value, the electronic terminal indicates that the first protective door is reversely converted from the second closed state to the first closed state, so that the multiple sections of telescopic rods separated from the rocket projectiles are recovered to the inspection roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified overall schematic diagram of a preferred inspection inclined roadway of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified overall structure of the preferred multi-section telescopic rod of the present invention;
figure 3 is a simplified overall structure schematic diagram of the safety door of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified overall structure schematic of a high-speed shaft of the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a simplified overall structure diagram of the inspection drift of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: and (3) inspecting the auxiliary well channel 2: high pass shaft channel 3: upper centralized transportation lane
4: lower centralized transport lane 5: the ladder compartment 6: inspection gallery
7: and (4) checking an inclined drift 8: a rest platform 9: mounting groove
10: and (4) unloading lane 11: the connection lane 12: first protective door
13: observation device channel 14: observation equipment rack 15: attachment rod
16: the observation device 17: the screw rod 18: sliding block
19: second guard door 20: rotating shaft 21: multi-section telescopic rod
22: the support rod 23: the limiting part 25: mounting rack
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a high-pass shaft and a mining method using the same.
Aiming at the main body structure of the high drop shaft provided by the invention: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the high pass comprises at least a high pass shaft passage 2 and an inspection supplementary shaft passage 1 arranged in parallel. The top end of the high pass shaft channel 2 is provided with an ore discharging roadway 10 and an upper centralized transportation roadway 3 which are communicated with each other. And a lower concentrated transportation lane 4 communicated with the ore unloading lane 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the high drop shaft channel 2. The workers transport the ore to the ore discharge lane 10 through the upper central haulage lane 3. The top end of the inspection auxiliary well channel 1 is provided with a connecting roadway 11. Rest platforms 8 for resting the staff are arranged between adjacent ladders 5. The staff enters the inspection auxiliary shaft channel 1 through the connecting roadway 11 and moves up and down through a plurality of ladders 5 arranged in the inspection auxiliary shaft channel 1 to observe the blocking conditions at different positions.
As shown in fig. 1, an inspection drift 6 and a first guard gate 12 installed in the inspection drift 6 are provided in the inspection additional shaft passage 1. The staff can go down to the inspection gallery 6 through the inspection auxiliary shaft channel 1, and observe and process the blocking condition in the high-pass shaft channel 2. A first guard gate 12 is provided to isolate the inspection gallery 6 from the high-speed shaft passage 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the inspection gallery 6 is connected to the high-speed shaft passage 2 via an inspection inclined gallery 7. The inspection additional well channel 1 is communicated to the inspection additional well channel 1 through an inspection gallery 6 and an inspection inclined gallery 7 in sequence. The inspection inclined drift 7 is used for providing a movable passage for the multi-section telescopic rod 21 after being separated from the inspection drift 6. The inspection inclined drift 7 is arranged obliquely. By utilizing the height difference of the two ends of the inspection inclined drift 7 in the vertical direction, the ore accumulation in the inclined drift is avoided in the daily unloading or blocking and dredging process.
By utilizing the height difference of the two ends of the inspection inclined roadway 7 in the vertical direction, after the multi-section telescopic rod 21 is transferred into the inspection inclined roadway 7, under the height difference, the rocket projectile positioned at the tail end of the multi-section telescopic rod 21 is prompted to slide downwards under the action of the self weight of the rocket projectile, and the multi-section telescopic rod 21 extends and extends, so that the rocket projectile is automatically positioned in the drop shaft. The process of rocket projectile transfer is also completed when the first protection door 12 is in a closed state, so that the safety protection of workers is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, an observation equipment passage 13 is formed on the inner wall of the high-pass shaft passage 2. The scope channel 13 is internally fitted to a scope 16. The observation device 16 is in a storage position while inside the observation device tunnel 13 and may be actuated to move to a working position within the blast shaft. The observation equipment 16 in the working position can acquire the information of the blocking position in the high-speed shaft. The jam azimuth information in the high pass refers to whether the jam position is above or below the current inspection inclined drift 7. Thereby being capable of indicating the installation direction of a worker when installing the rocket projectile.
The inspection inclined drift 7 and the observation equipment channel 13 are in inclined postures relative to a first direction, and the first direction is the longitudinal extension direction of the inspection drift 6. The inclined arrangement is beneficial to avoiding the ore accumulation at the intersection between the inspection drift 6 and the high-ore pass channel 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the observation device passage 13 is provided therein with an observation device rack 14 that can move along the inner wall of the passage in a direction toward or away from the inspection attachment well passage 1. The observation device frame 14 includes at least a screw rod 17 having both ends fixed to the inner wall of the observation device tunnel 1, respectively, and a slider 18 slidably connected to the screw rod 17. The screw rod 17 can rotate relative to the inner wall of the observation device channel 13, and the slide block 18 moves back and forth under the rotation motion of the screw rod 17. The screw rod 17 is driven to rotate, so that the observation equipment 16 can be controlled to move back and forth in the channel, and workers only need to operate the laser level meter to carry out indirect observation without directly contacting a high-dust environment.
The scope housing 14 includes at least an attachment rod 15 slidably attached to the inner wall of the scope channel 13. The attachment bar 15 is parallel to the screw 17. The rod body of the attachment rod 15 is fixed to the slider 18. One end of the attachment rod 15 is provided with at least one observation device 16 for observing the high-speed shaft tunnel 2. As shown in fig. 2, when the observation device 16 is conveyed into the high-speed shaft passage 2 along the observation device passage 13 for observation, it can be ensured that the observation device 16 is aligned with the vertical direction of the high-speed shaft passage 2.
The observation device stand 14 is provided with two observation devices 16, and the two observation devices 16 are arranged in parallel but have opposite lens orientations to each other. When the observation equipment 16 is sent into the high-speed shaft channel 2 for observation, the upper side and the lower side of the high-speed shaft channel 2 can be observed at the same time, and the blocking direction can be quickly determined.
After moving out of the observation device channel 13, the observation device 16 is directly placed in a high-dust environment of a high-speed shaft, and dust is easily accumulated. In this regard, the present application proposes an observation equipment stand 14 provided with a small fan. The small fan is aimed at the upper mirror of the viewing device 16. The small fan is a rope-pull type driving structure, and an external power supply or a built-in battery is not needed. Stay cord one end is fixed on observation device passageway 13 inner wall, and the rope body rolling is on the elastic reel, and when observation device frame 14 outwards removed, the rope body was elongated, and when observation device frame 14 inwards removed, the elastic reel was automatic to be turned round, and the rope body shortens, orders about little fan and rotates. Unnecessary electric energy does not need to be consumed, and the observation equipment 16 has the small fan to sweep the mirror surface before and after being used, so that the observation effect of the observation equipment 16 is improved, and the reduction of dust can effectively prolong the service life of the observation equipment 16.
Preferably, a small fan may be provided in one end wall of the scope channel 13. One end of the pull rope is fixed on the observation equipment frame 14, when the observation equipment frame 14 moves outwards, the rope body is stretched, when the observation equipment frame 14 moves inwards, the elastic winding drum automatically rotates, the rope body shortens, and the small fan is driven to rotate. The small fan arranged under the device not only can sweep the mirror surface of the observation device 16, but also can clean residual ash in the channel 13 of the observation device.
The high-pass shaft also comprises a second guard door 19. The second guard door 19 is installed in the inspection gallery 6 on the side closer to the inspection side shaft passage 1 than the first guard door 12. Through setting up two emergency exits, when having effectively strengthened the inspection operation, isolation between staff and the high dust environment of high drop shaft 2 inside. The isolation function between the workers and the high negative pressure environment inside the high-pass shaft channel 2 during dredging operation is strengthened.
At least one dust-settling device is arranged on the inner wall of the inspection gallery 6 between the two safety doors. The dust falling device can be a water mist dust falling device adopting dust falling modes such as a water spray gun and the like.
The structure to the emergency exit that this application provided: as shown in fig. 3, at least one safety gate is fixed into the inspection shaft 6 by at least one rotating shaft 20. Both ends of the rotary shaft 20 are rotatably connected to upper and lower inner walls of the inspection drift 6, respectively. The rotating shaft 20 is provided at a position where the central axis of the safety door is located. The safety gate is fixed into the inspection shaft 6 in the manner of a conventional revolving gate. The wind-receiving surface area is reduced in the arrangement mode, and the isolation capability of the wind-receiving surface area to strong impact pressure or strong negative pressure formed between channels when blockage is relieved is effectively improved.
And at least one limiting part 23 is respectively arranged on the inner walls of the inspection gallery 6 at two sides of the safety door. The stopper 23 may be fixed to the inner wall of the inspection drift 6 by means of concrete casting. Under the setting of spacing portion 23, the emergency exit can only rotate in one direction all the time in order to open or the reverse rotation is in order to close. And the door parts positioned at the two sides of the rotating shaft 20 are stressed in a mutually balanced way, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the safety door.
At least one line is arranged on the inner wall of the passage between the two safety doors and between the second protection door 19 and the inspection auxiliary well passage 1, and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first protection door 12. The line for controlling the observation device 16 to open and close is arranged between the two safety doors along the inner wall of the channel, so that the staff can operate and obtain the information observed by the observation device 16.
The information observed by the observation device 16 can be obtained by providing a display on the inner wall of the channel. Or the working personnel connects the handheld intelligent terminal to the data connecting port on the inner wall of the channel for reading. Preferably, a circuit for controlling the opening and closing of the second protection door 19 is arranged between the second protection door 19 and the inspection auxiliary well channel 1 along the inner wall of the channel. In this way, the worker can only close the second protective door 19 after completely exiting the second protective door 19. The closed state information of the second protective door 19, while indirectly identifying that the staff is in a safe area.
Preferably, the inspection ramp 7 may be provided with a vibration device on an inner wall below the chute plate, and in case that the worker observes that the mounting bracket 25 is not smoothly extended, the vibration device is turned on to vibrate the chute plate and the mounting bracket 25 to promote the smooth extension of the mounting bracket 25.
The high pass comprises a multi-section telescopic rod 21 and a mounting bracket 25. One end of the multi-section telescopic rod 21 is movably connected to the first protective door 12. By turning the first guard door 12, the mounting frame 25 can be transferred into the inspection ramp 7. The multi-section telescopic rod 21 comprises a plurality of struts 22 slidably connected to each other. The multi-section telescopic rod 21 can be extended or shortened in a manner of relative sliding among the plurality of supporting rods 22. The multi-section telescopic rod 21 in the inspection inclined roadway 7 drives the multi-section telescopic rod 21 to expand and extend due to the fact that the weight of a rocket projectile at the tail end is large.
The multiple struts 22 of the multi-section telescopic rod 21 can slide relatively in the length direction, but cannot rotate relatively in the rod body circumferential direction. The accurate positioning of the rocket projectile is ensured.
The mounting bracket 25 is fixed to one end of the multi-section telescopic rod 21. The mounting bracket 25 at least comprises a mounting groove 9 for stabilizing the rocket projectile. The staff fixes the rocket projectile on the mounting bracket 25 through the mounting groove 9.
Preferably, the mounting bracket 25 can be detachably connected to the multi-section telescopic rod 21. The mounting frame 25 can be turned over and then mounted on the multi-section telescopic rod 21. The mounting groove 9 after turning or before turning corresponds to the position right above the high pass or the position right below the high pass respectively. The staff can be after knowing the jam position, the orientation of adjusting mounting groove 9 by oneself for the rocket projectile aims at the jam position.
Preferably, the mounting bracket 25 is provided with mounting grooves 9 on both upper and lower sides of the bracket body. The worker only needs to select the mounting groove 9 aligned with the blocking position. The working steps of workers are reduced.
Preferably, the multi-section telescopic rod 21 can be movably connected to the first protection door 12 by means of buckling. Similarly, after the use is finished, the multi-section telescopic rod 21 can be taken down by opening the first protection door 12.
Preferably, the first protective door 12 is provided with a baffle plate at two sides of the joint for connecting the multi-section telescopic rod 21. The blind can slide back and forth on the inner wall of the inspection gallery 6. The baffle can position the rotation amplitude of the first protective door 12 when opening and closing. The baffle sets up the effect of having strengthened the blocking of first guard gate 12 to the door left and right sides space, improves the safety protection effect.
Preferably, the barrier is at a height from the ground level that allows for the smooth passage of the multiple telescoping rods 21.
Preferably, the rocket projectile comprises a solid bullet, a fuel cabin and a driving cabin which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The fuel tank comprises a tank body, an electric heating device and a constant pressure cracking device. The electric heating device and the constant pressure cracking device are respectively connected to the solid warhead connecting end and the driving cabin connecting end of the cabin body. The fuel tank body is filled with liquid carbon dioxide. The electric heating device comprises a heating powder column, a fire-guiding powder head, a constant current source, a power supply and a plug. The ignition powder head is embedded in one end of the heating powder column. The heating powder column is arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, the fire-leading powder head embedding end is a near convex arc-shaped sealing plate end, and the constant current source can control the electrifying time. It is connected with the power supply and is positioned at the outer side of the cylindrical shell corresponding to the convex arc-shaped sealing plate. The ignition powder head and the constant current source are connected through a cable penetrating through the plug. The plug is connected with the center of the convex arc-shaped sealing plate in a sealing way, and a liquid carbon dioxide injection port is arranged on the plug. The constant current source can set the electrifying and continuous electrifying time through the wireless remote controller, and the power supply is a storage battery or a high-energy battery pack. The wireless remote controller is used for setting the electrifying and continuous electrifying time of the constant current source of the electric heating device, so that the heating grain provides energy for the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide. When the pressure generated by the liquid carbon dioxide phase change gas exceeds the bearing limit of the constant pressure rupture device, the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas is ejected from a nozzle of the driving cabin from a constant pressure rupture sheet which breaks through the constant pressure rupture device to generate kinetic energy, so that the rocket projectile is separated from the launching frame and collides with a preset impact target.
The mining method of the high-pass shaft proposed by the present application is explained as follows:
in actual use, a worker carries the rocket projectile device into the inspection gallery 6. And the two safety doors in the inspection gallery 6 are both in a closed state. After the staff goes down to the inspection gallery 6, the brake is opened, and the electric energy stored by the wind power generation module is communicated to each electric device.
The second protective door 19 is opened to enter between two safety doors, and is lowered into the chute for observation by using the observation equipment rack 14 positioned on the first protective door 12. Two observation devices 16 on the observation device frame 14 respectively observe the blockage of two ends of the orepass. The observation device 16 acquires information on the direction of blockage in the high-pass shaft.
The staff member can view what is observed by the observation device 16 through the display device mounted on the wall surface to determine whether the jam location is above or below the inspection gate 6.
After the inspection is completed, the worker mounts the mounting bracket 25 on the first protection door 12 depending on the location of the jam. The installation direction of the rocket projectile meets the requirement that the rocket projectile is aligned with the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft.
After the mounting bracket 25 is installed, the worker returns to the rear of the second protective door 19 to close the second protective door 19. At this time, the observation device 16 acquires the information of the blocking position in the high-speed shaft, and the second protection door 19 is in a closed state, so that the safety of workers is ensured.
The electronic terminal indicates that the first protection door 12 is switched from the current first closed state to the second closed state, so that the multi-section telescopic rod 21 on the first protection door 12 transfers the rocket bomb on the rod body into the high-speed shaft channel 2.
Because the period of opening first guard gate 12, the inside high dust environment of drop shaft gets into the region between the emergency exit, and the staff can open dust device earlier and carry out the dust fall to the space that is located between second guard gate 19 and first guard gate 12 and handle.
After the dust fall treatment, a worker can open the second protection door 19 and go to the first protection door 12 to determine whether the rocket projectile is installed in place.
In the case that the worker observes that the mounting bracket 25 is not smoothly extended, the vibration device may be turned on to vibrate the chute plate and the mounting bracket 25 to facilitate the smooth extension of the mounting bracket 25.
The wireless remote controller operated by the staff controls the electric heating device to continuously work for a set time. Or the staff controls the electric heating device to continuously work for a set time on the electronic terminal. After setting, the worker returns to the rear of the second protective door 19 to close the second protective door 19.
When the electric heating device continuously works for a set time, the rocket projectile provides energy for the phase change of liquid carbon dioxide in the fuel cabin through the electric heating device, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas after the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide is utilized to break the constant-pressure breaking device and then rush out from the driving cabin, and kinetic energy generated by the high-pressure carbon dioxide enables the rocket projectile to be rapidly launched to impact a plugging body in the chute, so that the plugging body falls down after being disassembled.
After the rocket projectile is released, the multi-section telescopic rod 21 is not influenced by the gravity of the rocket projectile any more and retracts to a shorter length under the action of an elastic component in the rocket projectile. The condition that the ore falling after the multi-section telescopic rod 21 is exploded is prevented from being smashed and damaged.
After the blockage is dredged, the air volume in the ore pass is greatly reduced. The wind power generation module can acquire the air volume information in the high-pass shaft channel 2. When the air volume information meets the preset safe air volume threshold value, the electronic terminal indicates that the first protective door 12 is reversely switched from the second closed state to the first closed state, so that the multi-section telescopic rod 21 separated from the rocket projectile is recovered into the inspection roadway 6.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A high-pass, comprising at least:
the inspection auxiliary shaft channel (1) is arranged in parallel with the high pass shaft channel (2);
an inspection drift (6) one end of which is communicated to the inspection auxiliary well channel (1);
a first guard gate (12) openably and closably mounted in the inspection drift (6),
the method is characterized in that:
the high-speed shaft further comprises a multi-section telescopic rod (21) which is used for matching with the first protection door (12) and is equipped with a rocket projectile, wherein:
in the process that the first protective door (12) is switched from a first closing state to a second closing state different from the opening and closing direction of the first closing state, the multi-section telescopic rod (21) is used for transferring the rocket bomb which is kept on the rod body of the multi-section telescopic rod in a non-electric driving mode and has the installation direction meeting the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft into the high-speed shaft channel (2) through the checking gallery (6) so as to dredge the shaft blocking.
2. The high drop shaft according to claim 1, wherein the multi-section telescopic rod (21) is capable of being restored to an initial state by an applying body of a second external force action different from the applying body of the first external force action in a non-electrically driven manner when the rocket projectile is detached from the multi-section telescopic rod (21), the restoration being a process of reversely converting the multi-section telescopic rod (21) from the second closed state to the first closed state by means of the first protection door (12) and being recovered into the inspection gate (6).
3. The high-pass shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that the inspection drift (6) is connected to the high-pass shaft tunnel (2) via an inspection drift (7) for providing a movable passage for the multi-section telescopic rod (21) after being detached from the inspection drift (6).
4. The high-pass shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that a wind power generation module capable of storing electric energy by using air volume in the high-pass shaft during unloading and blockage dredging is arranged in the inspection inclined roadway (7).
5. The high-pass shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner wall of the high-pass shaft channel (2) is provided with a viewing device channel (13) so that a viewing device (16) in a storage position fitted inside the viewing device channel (13) can be moved to a working position for obtaining information on the orientation of a blockage in the high-pass shaft.
6. A high pass shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that the observation equipment (16) is mounted on an observation equipment rack (14), and that small fans mounted on the observation equipment rack (14) can be actuated by means of the relative movement of the observation equipment rack (14) within the observation equipment tunnel (13).
7. The high pass according to claim 6, characterized in that a support plate for slidably guiding the multi-section telescopic rod (21) is provided in the inspection inclined lane (7), and the support plate can reciprocate within a predetermined range relative to the inspection inclined lane (7) to minimize the residual amount of the residue on the surface of the support plate.
8. A mining method using the high-pass shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the mining method comprises at least one of the following steps:
under the condition that the observation equipment (16) acquires the information of the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, when the second protective door (19) is in a closed state, the electronic terminal commands the first protective door (12) to be switched from a current first closed state to a second closed state, so that a plurality of sections of telescopic rods (21) positioned on the first protective door (12) transfer rocket projectiles on rod bodies into the high-speed shaft channel (2);
the wireless remote controller operated by the working personnel orders the rocket bomb to separate from the multi-section telescopic rod (21) so as to realize blasting dredging of the blockage in the high-speed shaft.
9. A mining method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
when the inspection gallery (6) and the high-speed shaft channel (2) are relatively isolated from each other through a first protective door (12) in a first closed state, an electronic terminal drives an observation device (16) positioned in an observation device channel (13) to move between a storage position and a working position so as to obtain the blocking azimuth information in the high-speed shaft;
based on the received information of the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, the electronic terminal outputs the information of the installation direction of the rocket projectile meeting the blocking direction in the high-speed shaft, and the information is displayed to be checked for workers.
10. A mining method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
the electronic terminal acquires air volume information in the high-speed shaft channel (2) through the wind power generation module, and when the air volume information meets a preset safe air volume threshold value, the first protective door (12) is instructed to be reversely converted from a second closed state to a first closed state, so that the multi-section telescopic rod (21) separated from the rocket projectile is recovered into the inspection roadway (6).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010352845.2A CN111535819B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft and mining method using same |
| CN202111213719.XA CN113756822B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft blocking condition observation system and observation method |
| CN202111212567.1A CN113756821B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Auxiliary system and method for guaranteeing safety of constructors in high drop shaft |
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| CN202010352845.2A CN111535819B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft and mining method using same |
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| CN202111213719.XA Division CN113756822B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft blocking condition observation system and observation method |
| CN202111212567.1A Division CN113756821B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Auxiliary system and method for guaranteeing safety of constructors in high drop shaft |
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| CN111535819A CN111535819A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
| CN111535819B true CN111535819B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| CN202111212567.1A Active CN113756821B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Auxiliary system and method for guaranteeing safety of constructors in high drop shaft |
| CN202111213719.XA Active CN113756822B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft blocking condition observation system and observation method |
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| CN202111212567.1A Active CN113756821B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Auxiliary system and method for guaranteeing safety of constructors in high drop shaft |
| CN202111213719.XA Active CN113756822B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | High drop shaft blocking condition observation system and observation method |
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| CN112874785B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-04-26 | 安徽太平矿业有限公司 | Device and method for treating drop shaft blockage |
| CN113217088B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2024-05-14 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating blockage of high-depth drop shaft |
| CN118049213B (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-08-16 | 宜昌华西矿业有限责任公司 | Mine deep hole drop shaft measuring device |
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| CN102162372A (en) * | 2011-02-19 | 2011-08-24 | 北京科技大学 | Method and system for clearing blockage of ore chute |
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| DE706009C (en) * | 1937-02-26 | 1941-05-15 | F W Moll Soehne Maschinenfabri | Closed zigzag slide for mining operations |
| US5653215A (en) * | 1995-02-09 | 1997-08-05 | Mattel, Inc. | Air-powered projectile launcher |
| CN2339969Y (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1999-09-22 | 金川有色金属公司 | High-range mine rocket projectile |
| CN102927864B (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-11-26 | 攀钢集团矿业有限公司 | Device and method for performing blasting processing for ore-pass high position blockage by balloon suspended explosive powders |
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| CN204113289U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | The efficient ore drawing process system of mine chute |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113756822B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
| CN113756821B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
| CN111535819A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
| CN113756822A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| CN113756821A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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