CN111534736B - In-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

In-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111534736B
CN111534736B CN202010264683.7A CN202010264683A CN111534736B CN 111534736 B CN111534736 B CN 111534736B CN 202010264683 A CN202010264683 A CN 202010264683A CN 111534736 B CN111534736 B CN 111534736B
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entropy alloy
cocrfenimn
cocrfenimn high
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CN111534736A (en
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梁加淼
谢跃煌
张德良
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C30/00Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/058Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder by reaction sintering (i.e. gasless reaction starting from a mixture of solid metal compounds)
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    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0005Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0089Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
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    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Abstract

The CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy combines fine grain strengthening and particle strengthening simultaneously, the synergistic effect of the fine grain strengthening and the particle strengthening effectively improves the strength of the material, and the yield strength of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy is obviously higher than that of the common CoCrFeNiMn alloy. The preparation method of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy combines high-energy ball milling and hot extrusion processes, realizes the alloying of elements by using the high-energy ball milling method, avoids the volatilization and segregation of the elements in the smelting and casting process, and refines crystal grains; the rapid powder consolidation is realized by adopting a hot extrusion process, the nano particles are generated in situ, the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy with the nano particles and the fine crystal structure is prepared, and the material strength of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy is effectively improved. In addition, the method can directly adopt the existing industrial equipment for producing the ODS high-temperature alloy, has low cost and unlimited size, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

In-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to an in-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, high-entropy alloys have attracted great attention in the field of new metal materials due to their unique alloy design ideas and organization structures. The multi-component alloy design concept greatly increases the types of metal materials and provides a brand new concept for developing novel alloys. Meanwhile, the high-entropy alloy has characteristics which are not possessed by the traditional alloy due to the thermodynamic high-entropy effect, the kinetic delayed diffusion effect, the microstructure lattice distortion effect and the performance cocktail effect.
To date, scientific researchers at home and abroad have developed high-entropy alloys of a plurality of systems, and among the existing high-entropy alloys, a CoCrFeNiMn alloy (known as Cantor alloy) discovered by the professor of Cantor of oxford university is considered as one of the most classical high-entropy alloy systems so far. The alloy has a stable disordered face-centered cubic structure, shows excellent mechanical properties at low temperature, has good hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and has great application potential in a hydrogen-containing environment. At present, scholars at home and abroad carry out systematic research on the alloy, and the alloy is one of the most mature alloy systems with application prospects in high-entropy alloys. However, the alloy also has some problems to be solved. On one hand, the yield strength of the alloy at room temperature is lower and far lower than that of traditional materials such as high-strength steel, nickel-based high-temperature alloy and the like, so that the application of the alloy is limited; on the other hand, the alloy has multiple elements and contains high content of volatile element manganese and the like, so that the alloy is easy to generate serious segregation and manganese element volatilization during smelting and casting, which increases the difficulty of preparing large-size block materials and is not beneficial to the industrial production of the alloy.
In order to improve the strength of metal materials, the introduction of ceramic particles is an effective method, and is currently applied to metal materials such as aluminum, titanium, copper, magnesium and the like. In the high-entropy alloy, there is an attempt to introduce SiC and Y2O3The ceramic particles are tried to improve the strength of the high-entropy alloy, and the result shows that the ceramic particles can obviously improve the strength of the high-entropy alloy. However, most of the existing particle-reinforced high-entropy alloys are prepared by high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering, and although the process route can effectively introduce particles and can further improve the strength of the material by refining grains, the spark plasma sintering equipment is expensive, and the size of the prepared product is still small. Furthermore, the pressure that can be applied during sintering, which is limited by the existing mold materials, is typically only a few tens of mpa, which is not conducive to improving the consolidation of the powder. Furthermore, there is a relatively non-uniform temperature distribution on both the macro and micro dimensions (powder boundaries) of the sample during spark plasma sintering, which results in non-uniform material properties. These factors all limit the industrial mass production application of high entropy alloys using spark plasma sintering methods.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an in-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy, wherein the nanoparticles at least comprise TiO (C), (Cr, Mn)3O4And NbC, the size of the nano particles is 30-300 nm, and the nano particles are derived from the in-situ self-generation of the process control agent and the metal element. The uniformity is excellent, and the volume fraction is controllable. The CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy utilizes the coordination action of fine grain strengthening and nano-particle strengthening to improve the strength of the material, the tensile strength is 800-1350 MPa, the yield strength is 500-1100 MPa, and the elongation is 10-20%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a. putting Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn powder, FeTi powder or Nb powder and a process control agent into a planetary ball mill for ball milling;
b. putting the ball-milled powder into a first die, and pressing into a precast block;
c. placing the precast block in a sheath, and transferring the precast block into an induction heating coil for induction heating;
d. and putting the heated precast block into a second die for hot extrusion.
Preferably, the step b, the step c, and the step d are respectively performed under an inert gas atmosphere.
Preferably, in the step a, the process control agent is stearic acid, and the addition amount is 0.5 wt%.
Preferably, in the step b, the pressure of the pressing is 1150MPa, and the dwell time is 5 minutes.
Preferably, in step c, the material of the sheath is 304 stainless steel.
Preferably, in the step c, the temperature range of the induction heating is 1050-1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the induction heating is 2-5 minutes.
Preferably, in the step d, the extrusion ratio of the hot extrusion is 10: 1.
Preferably, in step b and/or step d, a hydraulic press is further included, and the pressing or hot extrusion operation is performed by the hydraulic press.
Preferably, in the step d, the cross section of the second mold is circular.
The invention discloses an in-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy combines high-energy ball milling and hot extrusion processes, realizes the alloying of elements by using the high-energy ball milling method, avoids the volatilization and segregation of the elements in the smelting and casting process, and refines crystal grains; the rapid powder consolidation is realized by adopting a hot extrusion process, the nano particles are generated in situ, the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy with the nano particles and the fine crystal structure is prepared, and the material strength of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy is effectively improved. In addition, the method can directly adopt the existing industrial equipment for producing the ODS high-temperature alloy, has low cost and unlimited size, and is suitable for industrial production.
The conception, the specific steps, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a TiO (C) particle-reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy obtained by a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a room temperature tensile curve of a TiO (C) particle-reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy obtained by a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows (Cr, Mn) obtained by a preferred embodiment of the present invention3O4And room temperature tensile curve of + NbC particle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy.
FIG. 4 is the room temperature tensile curve of the TiO (C) particle-reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy obtained by the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an in-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further explained in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and more clear. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: preparation of TiO (C) particle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy
Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, FeTi powder and 0.5 wt% stearic acid are put into a planetary ball mill, and are ball-milled for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm and then are ball-milled for 66 hours at the rotating speed of 400 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, under the protection atmosphere of inert gas, taking a proper amount of powder subjected to ball milling, putting the powder into a first die, and pressing the powder into a precast block by adopting a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure of the hydraulic press is 1150MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes. Further, the precast block is placed in a stainless steel sheath, and is transferred to an induction heating coil for induction heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 minutes. And then, putting the heated precast block into a second die, and performing hot extrusion by using a hydraulic press, wherein the preheating temperature of the second die is 450 ℃ during extrusion, the extrusion ratio is 9:1, the section of the second die for hot extrusion is circular, and a rod-shaped high-entropy alloy is extruded.
The scanning electron microscope result of the rod-shaped high-entropy alloy is shown in figure 1, and shows that TiO (C) particles with the particle size of less than 250nm are generated in situ in a rod of the rod-shaped high-entropy alloy through hot extrusion, and the grain size of a matrix is less than 2 mu m. The tensile test results are shown in FIG. 2, which shows that the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy sample of the present example is 842MPa, the tensile strength is 1020MPa, and the elongation is 12.1%.
Example two: (Cr, Mn)3O4Preparation of + NbC particle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy
Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, Nb powder and 0.5 wt% stearic acid are put into a planetary ball mill, and are ball-milled for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm and then are ball-milled for 66 hours at the rotating speed of 400 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, under the protection atmosphere of inert gas, taking a proper amount of powder subjected to ball milling, putting the powder into a first die, and pressing the powder into a precast block by adopting a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure of the hydraulic press is 1150MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes. Further, the precast block is placed in a stainless steel sheath, and is transferred to an induction heating coil for induction heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 minutes. And then, putting the heated precast block into a second die, and performing hot extrusion by using a hydraulic press, wherein the preheating temperature of the second die is 450 ℃ during extrusion, the extrusion ratio is 9:1, the section of the second die for hot extrusion is circular, and a rod-shaped high-entropy alloy is extruded.
The tensile test results are shown in FIG. 3, which shows that the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy sample of the present example is 533MPa, the tensile strength is 835MPa, and the elongation is 18.6%.
Example three: preparation of TiO (C) particle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy
Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, FeTi powder and 0.5 wt% stearic acid are put into a planetary ball mill, and are ball-milled for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm and then are ball-milled for 66 hours at the rotating speed of 400 rpm. After the ball milling is finished, under the protection atmosphere of inert gas, taking a proper amount of powder subjected to ball milling, putting the powder into a first die, and pressing the powder into a precast block by adopting a hydraulic press, wherein the pressing pressure of the hydraulic press is 1150MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 minutes. Further, the precast block is placed in a stainless steel sheath, and is transferred to an induction heating coil for induction heating, wherein the heating temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 minutes. And then, putting the heated precast block into a second die, and performing hot extrusion by using a hydraulic press, wherein the preheating temperature of the second die is 450 ℃ during extrusion, the extrusion ratio is 9:1, the section of the second die for hot extrusion is circular, and a rod-shaped high-entropy alloy is extruded.
The tensile test results are shown in FIG. 4, which shows that the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy sample of this example is 1055MPa, the tensile strength is 1314MPa, and the elongation is 12.8%.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that numerous modifications and variations could be made to the concept of the invention by those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty, and that improvements and modifications may be made to the invention described above, all falling within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the in-situ authigenic nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy is characterized in that the nanoparticles at least comprise TiO (C), (Cr, Mn)3O4And NbC, the size of the nano-particles is 30-300 nm, and the nano-particles are from the in-situ self-generated reaction of the process control agent and the metal element; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. putting Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn powder, FeTi powder or Nb powder and a process control agent into a planetary ball mill for ball milling;
b. putting the ball-milled powder into a first die, and pressing into a precast block;
c. placing the precast block in a sheath, and transferring the precast block into an induction heating coil for induction heating;
d. and putting the heated precast block into a second die for hot extrusion.
2. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein the step b, the step c and the step d are all carried out under an inert gas protective atmosphere.
3. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step a, the process control agent is stearic acid, and the addition amount is 0.5 wt%.
4. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, the pressure of the pressing is 1150MPa, and the dwell time is 5 minutes.
5. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step c, the material of the sheath is 304 stainless steel.
6. The preparation method of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step c, the temperature range of the induction heating is 1050-1150 ℃, and the holding time of the induction heating is 2-5 minutes.
7. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the extrusion ratio of the hot extrusion is 10: 1.
8. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step b and/or the step d, a hydraulic press is further included, and the hydraulic press is used for performing pressing or hot extrusion operation.
9. The method for preparing the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the cross section of the second die is circular.
CN202010264683.7A 2020-04-07 2020-04-07 In-situ synthesized nanoparticle reinforced CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof Active CN111534736B (en)

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CN103276276B (en) * 2013-05-08 2016-01-20 北京工业大学 High-entropy alloy coating that a kind of VC strengthens and preparation method thereof
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