CN111533527A - Environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
- C04B28/344—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2092—Resistance against biological degradation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick and a preparation method thereof. Firstly burning straws to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution, and then separating the plant ash solution; then airing the corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out and airing; heating the plant ash solution to evaporate water to obtain powder A; cutting corn stalks into sections with two lengths, and alternately placing the sections into a mould of a hot press; crushing cereal crop straws, mixing and stirring uniformly with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive, and conveying the mixture into a mold for compression molding to obtain a straw brick blank; and wrapping the corn straw board with burlap soaked with raw lacquer, and curing to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick. The production raw materials of the invention are crop wastes, the production is energy-saving and environment-friendly, the production process is easy to control, the production cost is low, the product has excellent heat preservation and fireproof performance, the straw can be prevented from being mildewed and damaged by worms, and the cracking of the straw cement brickwork is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to an environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Crop straws are a by-product of agricultural production with the largest quantity in the world, and are an important biological resource capable of being comprehensively utilized. With the development of agricultural production and rural energy cause, a large amount of residual straw is generated, and the problem of processing the residual straw is increasingly prominent. The straw has excellent building performance, plant fibers such as straw and the like are used as building materials in the history of human construction, and the straw has excellent performances of light weight, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption, toughness and energy conservation. The prior research shows that the heat insulation performance of the straw brick wall is the best, the heat conductivity coefficient of the straw is only 3% of that of concrete, the heat insulation coefficient of the wallboard with the thickness of 200mm is 4 times higher than that of the clay brick wall with the thickness of 370mm, and the heating heat consumption and the cost are reduced by 4 times. The mass of the straw brick or straw wallboard is about 20-25% of that of the clay brick wall, and the manufacturing cost is only 70% of that of the clay brick wall. In addition, because the straws have certain toughness, the shock resistance and the impact resistance of the straw brick are superior to those of a clay brick, so that the reasonable treatment and the resource utilization of the wastes such as the straws and the like are very important for clean and efficient production and sustainable development.
However, due to the restriction of various factors, the development of straw building materials is limited by bottlenecks and does not have good performance in the market. At present, most of research directions on straw cement brickwork focus on improving the bonding performance of straws and adhesives. However, the straw contains substances such as pectin and ash, and if cellulose is not extracted, the adhesive is difficult to enter straw pores, so that the performance of the straw product is poor, and a good market is not provided. At present, cellulose in the waste water is decomposed, phenol and sodium hydroxide are generally adopted for treatment, and the waste water is prepared in a large scale, so that the problem of treating a large amount of sewage is solved, the cost is greatly increased, and the problem also exists in the existing treatment technology. Meanwhile, the dangerous phenomenon of expansion and cracking of the straw building materials can be generated in the middle and later periods of the humid environment, and the phenomenon of mildew of the straws in the humid environment in the south during production and use is not considered. The method is a commercial development scheme which needs to deeply research straws and explore a method which can not involve a large amount of sewage treatment, improve the mechanical property of the straw board and has low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, mixing corn straws and cereal straws, burning to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution for a period of time, and then separating the corn straws from the plant ash solution;
(2) airing the separated corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out the corn straws after a period of time, and airing the corn straws;
(3) heating the plant ash solution obtained in the step 1 to evaporate water to obtain powder A;
(4) cutting the corn straws into two sections with the length of 200-220mm, and the length of the short section of 80-105mm, then placing the two long sections and the two short sections in a transverse and longitudinal crossed manner, fastening the two long sections and the two short sections through an outer binding rope to obtain a # -shaped corn straw framework, and placing the two corn straw frameworks in a mold together;
(5) crushing cereal crop straws to the length of less than 5cm by using a crusher, and mixing the crushed cereal crop straws with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive according to the mass ratio of 10: 0.1-0.4: 2-5, uniformly mixing and stirring, conveying into a die for compression molding, and controlling the pressure to be 3-10MPa to prepare a straw brick blank;
(6) soaking the linen in the raw lacquer for 2-12h, taking out the linen to wrap the linen on a corn straw board, scraping off the redundant raw lacquer on the linen, airing, and finally conveying the straw brick blank into a curing room with controllable humidity and temperature for curing for 14 days, wherein the curing condition is that the humidity is 40-75% and the temperature is 25-45 ℃, so as to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick.
The cereal crop straw is one or more of wheat straw, barley straw, rye straw, oat straw, triticale straw and rice straw.
The concentration of the plant ash solution is 30-50 g/L, and the corn straws are soaked for 10-60 minutes.
The length of the cereal crop straw is 0.5-2 cm.
The plant ash solution is adopted for impregnation at the temperature of 50-80 ℃.
The cereal crop straw is pretreated after being crushed by placing the crushed cereal crop straw in a reaction vessel and then adding the crushed cereal crop straw under the pressure of 15 × 105To 20 × 105Pascal and temperature 180-210 ℃ saturated steam, then after a period of cooking, depressurizing the reaction vessel to return the pressure to atmospheric pressure and withdrawing the cereal crop straw.
The flame-retardant adhesive is prepared by the following method: 60-80 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 20-30 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, 20-30 parts of kaolin, 10-18 parts of polysilsesquioxane, 4-10 parts of sulfamic acid, 5-12 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 10-20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-16 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 10-16 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 60-80 parts of water, 3-7 parts of ethylenediamine, 4-8 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 8-12 parts of amphoteric polyacrylamide are added into a container according to parts by weight and are uniformly stirred to prepare the flame-retardant adhesive.
The corn straw and the cereal straw are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3-5: mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 7-10, and incinerating to obtain plant ash.
The environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick prepared by the preparation method.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the method has the advantages that the raw material crop waste is produced, phenol and sodium hydroxide are not needed in the production process, the plant ash is used for treating and removing the pectin layer on the surface, the surface roughness is obviously increased, the relative content of hemicellulose in the straws is reduced, the bonding capability of the straws is enhanced, the method has the same effect as the traditional alkali treatment method, does not pollute the environment, saves the cost, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, the plant ash is recycled and used in the straw cement bricks, pathogenic bacteria and viruses can be effectively killed, and meanwhile, the insect and mildew prevention effect of the linen on the outermost layer is matched, so that the straw mildew and worm damage are effectively prevented.
(2) After the cereal crop straws are crushed and pretreated, the cereal crop straws can be softened or dissolved to a certain degree, the cereal crop straws are fully contacted with the flame-retardant adhesive when the straw plate is formed, and the flame-retardant adhesive permeates into the cereal crop straw fibers. When the plate is formed, the cereal crop straws permeated with the flame-retardant adhesive are interwoven with the corn straws, so that the interface combination of the corn straw fibers and the cereal crop straws is enhanced, the mechanical property and the waterproof property of the product are improved, the impact resistance is good, and the plate can be widely applied to the building industry.
(3) The corn straw skeleton structure is matched with the characteristics of light weight and high strength of the linen, so that the straw cement brick is impact-resistant and drop-resistant. Meanwhile, the linen wrapped on the outermost layer is soaked in the raw lacquer, so that the straw cement brickwork forms a protective layer with high hardness and toughness, the straw cement brickwork is not easily influenced by the external environment, and the service life is prolonged.
(4) The environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick with the heat preservation, the heat insulation, the insect prevention, the corrosion prevention and the excellent fire resistance of 240 multiplied by 115 multiplied by 53 mm can be prepared according to the size of the cement brick of the Chinese standard, the production process is easy to control, and the production cost is low.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Firstly, according to the mass ratio of corn straws to cereal straws of 4: 8 to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, wherein the concentration of the plant ash solution is 40 g/l, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution for 30 minutes, and separating the corn straws from the plant ash solution, wherein the temperature of the plant ash solution is 60 ℃;
(2) airing the separated corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out the corn straws after a period of time, and airing the corn straws;
(3) heating the plant ash solution obtained in the step 1 to evaporate water to obtain powder A;
(4) cutting the corn straws into two sections with the length of 200-220mm, and the length of the short section of 80-105mm, then placing the two long sections and the two short sections in a transverse and longitudinal crossed manner, fastening the two long sections and the two short sections through an outer binding rope to obtain a # -shaped corn straw framework, and placing the two corn straw frameworks in a mold together;
(5) pulverizing cereal crop straw to length of less than 5cm (preferably 0.5-2 cm) with pulverizer, wherein the cereal crop straw is one or more of wheat straw, barley straw, rye straw, oat straw, triticale straw, and rice straw, and the pulverized cereal crop straw is pretreated by placing the pulverized cereal crop straw in reaction container, adding 18 × 10 pressure5Saturated steam with the temperature of 200 ℃ and Pascal is then decompressed after being cooked for a period of time to reduce the pressure of the reaction vessel to atmospheric pressure, and then the cereal crop straws are taken out; then mixing the flame-retardant adhesive with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive according to the mass ratio of 10: 0.2: 3.5, uniformly mixing and stirring, conveying the mixture into a die for compression molding, and controlling the pressure to be 5MPa to prepare a straw brick blank; the flame-retardant adhesive is prepared by the following steps: adding 70 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 25 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, 25 parts of kaolin, 14 parts of polysilsesquioxane, 7 parts of sulfamic acid, 9 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 13 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 13 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 70 parts of water, 5 parts of ethylenediamine, 6 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 10 parts of amphoteric polyacrylamide into a container, and uniformly stirring to prepare the flame-retardant adhesive;
(6) soaking the linen in the raw lacquer for 2-12h, taking out the linen to wrap the linen on a corn straw board, scraping off the redundant raw lacquer on the linen, drying the linen, and finally conveying the straw brick blank into a curing room with controllable humidity and temperature for curing for 14 days, wherein the curing condition is that the humidity is 40-75% and the temperature is 25-45 ℃ to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick; finished product stacking: the product can be processed deeply when being delivered.
The fire-resistant flame-retardant building material does not burn at high temperature of more than 1000 ℃ or open fire after testing, reaches A level after testing, and accords with the relevant regulations of the national standard GB8624-2006 Classification of the burning performance of building materials and products; the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.167 (w/m.k at 25 ℃), which is far smaller than that of a clay brick; the service life is long, the finished product does not absorb water, and the weather resistance and the freeze-thaw resistance both reach the relevant regulations of the national standard JGJ144-2004 technical Specification for exterior wall insulation engineering. The mechanical property is superior to that of the common aerated concrete block, the performance of the prepared environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick is detected according to the national standard, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
Example 2
(1) Firstly, according to the mass ratio of corn straws to cereal straws of 3: 7, mixing the raw materials according to the proportion of the raw materials, burning the mixture to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, wherein the concentration of the plant ash solution is 50 g/L, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution for 60 minutes, and separating the corn straws from the plant ash solution, wherein the temperature of the plant ash solution is 80 ℃;
(2) airing the separated corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out the corn straws after a period of time, and airing the corn straws;
(3) heating the plant ash solution obtained in the step 1 to evaporate water to obtain powder A;
(4) cutting the corn straws into two sections with the length of 200-220mm, and the length of the short section of 80-105mm, then placing the two long sections and the two short sections in a transverse and longitudinal crossed manner, fastening the two long sections and the two short sections through an outer binding rope to obtain a # -shaped corn straw framework, and placing the two corn straw frameworks in a mold together;
(5) pulverizing cereal crop straw to length of less than 5cm (preferably 0.5-2 cm) with pulverizer, wherein the cereal crop straw is one or more of wheat straw, barley straw, rye straw, oat straw, triticale straw, and rice straw, and the pulverized cereal crop straw is pretreated by placing the pulverized cereal crop straw in reaction container, adding 20 × 10 pressure5Saturated steam with Pascal and temperature of 210 ℃, then after cooking for a period of time, reducing pressure to reduce the pressure of the reaction vessel back to atmospheric pressure, and taking out the cereal crop straws; then mixing the flame-retardant adhesive with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive according to the mass ratio of 10: 0.1: 2, conveying the mixture to a die for compression molding after uniformly mixing and stirring, and controlling the pressure of the mold to be 3MPa to prepare the straw brick blank, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive is prepared by the following method: mixing sulphoaluminate cement in parts by weight60 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, 20 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of polysilsesquioxane, 4 parts of sulfamic acid, 5 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 60 parts of water, 3 parts of ethylenediamine, 4 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 8 parts of amphoteric polyacrylamide are added into a container and uniformly stirred to prepare the flame-retardant adhesive.
(6) Soaking the linen in the raw lacquer for 2-12h, taking out the linen to wrap the linen on a corn straw board, scraping off the redundant raw lacquer on the linen, airing, and finally conveying the straw brick blank into a curing room with controllable humidity and temperature for curing for 14 days, wherein the curing condition is that the humidity is 40-75% and the temperature is 25-45 ℃, so as to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick. Finished product stacking: the product can be processed deeply when being delivered.
The fire-resistant flame-retardant building material does not burn at high temperature of more than 1000 ℃ or open fire after testing, reaches A level after testing, and accords with the relevant regulations of the national standard GB8624-2006 Classification of the burning performance of building materials and products; the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.170 (25 ℃ w/m.k), which is far less than that of a clay brick; the service life is long, the finished product does not absorb water, and the weather resistance and the freeze-thaw resistance both reach the relevant regulations of the national standard GB50574-2010 unified technical Specification for wall material application. The mechanical property is superior to that of the common aerated concrete block, the performance of the prepared environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick is detected according to the national standard, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
Example 3
(1) Firstly, according to the mass ratio of corn straw to cereal straw of 5: 10 to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, wherein the concentration of the plant ash solution is 30 g/l, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution for 10 minutes, and separating the corn straws from the plant ash solution, wherein the temperature of the plant ash solution is 50 ℃;
(2) airing the separated corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out the corn straws after a period of time, and airing the corn straws;
(3) heating the plant ash solution obtained in the step 1 to evaporate water to obtain powder A;
(4) cutting the corn straws into two sections with the length of 200-220mm, and the length of the short section of 80-105mm, then placing the two long sections and the two short sections in a transverse and longitudinal crossed manner, fastening the two long sections and the two short sections through an outer binding rope to obtain a # -shaped corn straw framework, and placing the two corn straw frameworks in a mold together;
(5) pulverizing cereal crop straw to length of less than 5cm (preferably 0.5-2 cm) with pulverizer, wherein the cereal crop straw is one or more of wheat straw, barley straw, rye straw, oat straw, triticale straw, and rice straw, and the pulverized cereal crop straw is pretreated by placing the pulverized cereal crop straw in reaction container, adding 15 × 10 pressure5The saturated steam with Pascal and temperature of 180 ℃ is used for cooking for a period of time, the pressure is reduced to reduce the pressure of the reaction vessel to atmospheric pressure, and then the cereal crop straws are taken out; then mixing the flame-retardant adhesive with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive according to the mass ratio of 10: 0.4: 5, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixture according to the proportion, conveying the mixture into a mould for compression molding, and controlling the pressure of the mould to be 10MPa to prepare the straw brick blank, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive is prepared by the following method: adding 80 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 30 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, 30 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of polysilsesquioxane, 10 parts of sulfamic acid, 12 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 16 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 16 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 80 parts of water, 7 parts of ethylenediamine, 8 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 12 parts of amphoteric polyacrylamide into a container, and uniformly stirring to prepare the flame-retardant adhesive.
(6) Soaking the linen in the raw lacquer for 2-12h, taking out the linen to wrap the linen on a corn straw board, scraping off the redundant raw lacquer on the linen, airing, and finally conveying the straw brick blank into a curing room with controllable humidity and temperature for curing for 14 days, wherein the curing condition is that the humidity is 40-75% and the temperature is 25-45 ℃, so as to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick. Finished product stacking: the product can be processed deeply when being delivered.
The fire-resistant flame-retardant building material does not burn at high temperature of more than 1000 ℃ or open fire after testing, reaches A level after testing, and accords with the relevant regulations of the national standard GB8624-2006 Classification of the burning performance of building materials and products; the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.172 (w/m.k at 25 ℃), which is far smaller than that of a clay brick; the service life is long, the finished product does not absorb water, and the weather resistance and the freeze-thaw resistance both reach relevant regulations of GB50574-2010 unified technical specification for wall material application. The mechanical property is superior to that of the common aerated concrete block, the performance of the prepared environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick is detected according to the national standard, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Except that the corn straws separated in the step (2) are aired and are not soaked in oil, the raw material content and the preparation process are consistent with those of the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 2
Except that the corn stalks are transversely arranged in the die of the hot press in the step (4), the raw material content and the preparation process are consistent with those of the example 3.
Comparative example 3
Except that the cereal crop straws in the step (5) are not pretreated after being crushed, the raw material content and the preparation process are consistent with those of the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 4
Except that 100 parts of calcium sulfate gypsum and 60 parts of water are replaced by the flame-retardant adhesive in the step (5) and then the mixture is added into a container to be uniformly stirred, the raw material content and the preparation process are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 5
The contents of the raw materials and the preparation process were the same as those in example 3 except that step (6) was not included.
Example 4
The environmental-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 is subjected to related performance detection: the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick has the advantages of no cracking, no mildew, light dead weight and low cost, and can meet the performance requirements of building engineering on wall materials.
The environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick prepared in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 of the invention is subjected to physical and chemical property detection by referring to GBJ 129-90 Standard of testing methods for basic mechanical properties of bricks and GB/T15231.5-1994 impact resistance of testing methods for glass fiber reinforced cement, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 detection results of environmental protection high strength straw cement brickwork
As can be seen from Table 1, the bending resistance of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick is improved compared with that of the concrete bricks in comparative examples 1 and 2. Compared with comparative examples 3, 4 and 5, the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick provided by the invention has the advantages that the compressive strength and the impact strength are obviously enhanced. The embodiment 1 of the invention has better performances in the aspects of compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength and thermal insulation performance, and has the best comprehensive performance, thereby being the best implementation mode of the invention. The environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick with the standard size of 240 multiplied by 115 multiplied by 53 mm, which is prepared by the invention, has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, insect prevention, corrosion prevention and excellent fire resistance, and has the advantages of wide raw material source, easy control of the production process and low production cost.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) firstly, mixing corn straws and cereal straws, burning to obtain plant ash, mixing the plant ash with water to form a plant ash solution, soaking the corn straws in the plant ash solution for a period of time, and then separating the corn straws from the plant ash solution;
(2) airing the separated corn straws, soaking the corn straws in oil, taking out the corn straws after a period of time, and airing the corn straws;
(3) heating the plant ash solution obtained in the step 1 to evaporate water to obtain powder A;
(4) cutting the corn straws into two sections with the length of 200-220mm, and the length of the short section of 80-105mm, then placing the two long sections and the two short sections in a transverse and longitudinal crossed manner, fastening the two long sections and the two short sections through an outer binding rope to obtain a # -shaped corn straw framework, and placing the two corn straw frameworks in a mold together;
(5) crushing cereal crop straws to the length of less than 5cm by using a crusher, and mixing the crushed cereal crop straws with the powder A and the flame-retardant adhesive according to the mass ratio of 10: 0.1-0.4: 2-5, uniformly mixing and stirring, conveying into a die for compression molding, and controlling the pressure to be 3-10MPa to prepare a straw brick blank;
(6) soaking the linen in the raw lacquer for 2-12h, taking out the linen to wrap the linen on a corn straw board, scraping off the redundant raw lacquer on the linen, airing, and finally conveying the straw brick blank into a curing room with controllable humidity and temperature for curing for 14 days, wherein the curing condition is that the humidity is 40-75% and the temperature is 25-45 ℃, so as to prepare the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brick.
2. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the cereal crop straw is one or more of wheat straw, barley straw, rye straw, oat straw, triticale straw and rice straw.
3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concentration of the plant ash solution is 30-50 g/L, and the corn straws are soaked for 10-60 minutes.
4. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the length of the cereal crop straw is 0.5-2 cm.
5. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the plant ash solution is adopted for impregnation at the temperature of 50-80 ℃.
6. The method for preparing environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushed cereal crop straws are pretreated by placing the crushed cereal crop straws in a reaction vessel and then adding 15 × 105To 20 × 105Pascal and temperature 180-210 ℃ saturated steam, then after a period of cooking, depressurizing the reaction vessel to return the pressure to atmospheric pressure and withdrawing the cereal crop straw.
7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the flame-retardant adhesive is prepared by the following method: 60-80 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 20-30 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, 20-30 parts of kaolin, 10-18 parts of polysilsesquioxane, 4-10 parts of sulfamic acid, 5-12 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 10-20 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-16 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 10-16 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 60-80 parts of water, 3-7 parts of ethylenediamine, 4-8 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 8-12 parts of amphoteric polyacrylamide are added into a container according to parts by weight and are uniformly stirred to prepare the flame-retardant adhesive.
8. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the corn straw and the cereal straw are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3-5: mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 7-10, and incinerating to obtain plant ash.
9. The environmentally-friendly high-strength straw cement brickwork prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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