CN111533127B - Efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111533127B CN111533127B CN202010413545.0A CN202010413545A CN111533127B CN 111533127 B CN111533127 B CN 111533127B CN 202010413545 A CN202010413545 A CN 202010413545A CN 111533127 B CN111533127 B CN 111533127B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011243 crosslinked material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/33—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from distillation residues of coal or petroleum; from petroleum acid sludge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-efficiency modified activated carbon comprises 30-70% of modified wood charcoal and 30-70% of modified coal charcoal, the modified wood charcoal is prepared from wood powder charcoal serving as raw carbon, polyvinyl alcohol, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a modifier and water to form an adhesive, the modified coal charcoal is prepared from coal columnar charcoal serving as raw carbon and surfactant, a modifier, a regulator and water serving as catalysts, the adsorption effect of the activated carbon is improved, the adsorption capacity and the purification effect capacity are better, different types of harmful gases can be simultaneously adsorbed, the adsorption capacity is improved by more than 5 times, the modified activated carbon has good acid and alkali resistance, various harmful substances with different chemical and physical properties can be simultaneously adsorbed, the adsorption capacity is more, the ash is not dropped during use, and the air quality is improved comprehensively.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon, in particular to high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases and a preparation method thereof.
[ background Art ]
With the continuous deep industrialization degree, the air which people live on becomes various polluted, especially the common VOC gas like formaldehyde, acetic acid, toluene, ammonia, acetaldehyde is polluted seriously, various diseases are generated along with the pollution, the call for people to eliminate the harmful substances is higher and higher, and the most ideal, effective and environment-friendly method for removing the harmful substances is to use the air purifying active carbon.
The active carbon is a substance with developed pores and stable chemical properties, has a certain adsorption effect, but generally only can adsorb substances with the pore diameters matched with those of the carbon, can only have an effect on the adsorption of certain or certain specific gases, has a limited adsorption quantity, and cannot simultaneously adsorb VOC gases with various different physicochemical properties.
[ invention ]
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of limited adsorption capacity of the existing activated carbon, and provides high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases and greatly improving the adsorption capacity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a highly efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-70% of modified wood charcoal and 30-70% of modified coal charcoal;
the modified wood charcoal comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of wood powder carbon, 15-22 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-5 parts of cross-linking agent, 2-20 parts of modifier and 95-105 parts of water;
the raw materials of the modified coal charcoal are as follows by weight: 95-105 parts of coal columnar carbon, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 2-20 parts of modifier, 0.5-5 parts of regulator and 95-105 parts of water.
The high-efficiency modified activated carbon comprises 30-70% of modified wood carbon and 30-70% of modified coal carbon, wherein the modified wood carbon is prepared from wood powder carbon serving as raw carbon, polyvinyl alcohol, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a modifier and water to form an adhesive, the modified coal carbon is prepared from columnar coal serving as raw carbon, and the surfactant, the modifier, the regulator and the water are used as catalysts. The modified wood charcoal adhesive is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a modifying agent and water, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is used as an adhesive to be subjected to cross-linking reaction when being mixed with the cross-linking agent in the adhesive preparation process, the original linear structure is cross-linked to form the modified wood charcoal with a space reticular structure, the formed high-polymer cross-linked matter has larger molecular weight and is difficult to enter the inside of the pores of the activated charcoal, so that the pores are difficult to block, the addition of the modifying agent changes the pore size distribution of the activated charcoal, the pore size distribution of micropores is increased, the gas adsorption of different target pore sizes is facilitated, the dispersion degree of the high-polymer cross-linked matter is improved by the addition of the surfactant, the prepared modified wood charcoal has a more developed pore structure and a larger specific surface area, the formed modified wood charcoal is more suitable for adsorbing the activated charcoal with an organic gas pore structure, the modified wood charcoal prepared by the steps of glue preparation, mixing, extrusion molding, crushing and sieving, and forming, the blocked pore structure is less, the developed pore structure has better bonding strength, and the developed pore structure has stronger VOC adsorption performance on various gas. The modifier added in the modified coal carbon is used for modifying the coal carbon, so that the pore size distribution and pore volume of the coal carbon are changed, the pore size distribution is increased in different adsorption targets, more residence sites are provided for adsorption, the modified coal carbon can react with harmful gases, the surface carboxyl content of the carbon is increased by the modifier, the mechanical strength of the coal carbon is improved, impurities such as ash on the surface of the activated carbon are removed, the ash content is reduced, the surfactant plays a role in catalytic modification, and the modifier is used for buffering and adjusting.
Preferably, the wood powder carbon is produced by adopting a phosphoric acid method, wherein the mesh number is more than or equal to 200 meshes, the iodine value is more than or equal to 1100mg/g, and the PH value is more than or equal to 5.6. The wood powder carbon is special powdery active carbon for waste gas, has the characteristics of developed mesoporous structure, large adsorption capacity, rapid filtration and the like, and can improve the treatment rate of the waste gas. The modified wood charcoal of this application takes place the cross-linking reaction when taking as the binder as raw carbon to wood powder charcoal, polyvinyl alcohol mixes with the cross-linking agent, becomes space network structure by original line structure cross-connection, forms the inside of the hole of the great high polymer cross-link of molecular weight hardly gets into active carbon, and the high polymer cross-link that has space network structure has not only increased the viscosity simultaneously has improved acid and alkali resistance for the adhesive property is better, makes the product no longer react with acid or alkali, has improved acid and alkali resistance, does not fall ash when using in succession.
Preferably, the coal columnar activated carbon has CTC value of more than or equal to 50%, particle size of 0.9-9mm, iodine value of more than or equal to 800mg/g and ash content of less than or equal to 5%. The coal columnar carbon has the characteristics of high strength, developed pores, large specific surface area, particularly large micropore volume and extremely strong adsorption capacity for harmful gases in air. The components such as the surfactant, the modifier and the regulator are added into the coal columnar carbon to serve as a catalyst, so that the mechanical strength of the coal columnar carbon is improved, the ash content is reduced, and the adsorption capacity is increased.
Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol is one or a combination of several of PVA1792, PVA1799, PVA2099, PVA2092, PVA2499 and PVA 2492. The PVA linear structure is crosslinked to form a net-shaped structure, so that the acid and alkali resistance is improved, and the active carbon has uniform pore distribution and size.
Preferably, the surfactant is one or a combination of coconut oil and sodium dodecyl sulfonate. The sodium dodecyl sulfonate is an anionic surfactant to play a thickening role, so that the rheological property of the polyvinyl alcohol is changed, and the dispersibility and compatibility of the polyvinyl alcohol are improved.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent is one or a combination of borax and starch. Borax can crosslink with cis-hydroxyl of polyvinyl alcohol to change the original linear structure into a network structure, and the formed high polymer crosslinked material with a space network structure has the properties of shear resistance, acid and alkali resistance and the like, so that the viscosity is increased, and the adhesive property is improved.
Preferably, the modifier is one or a combination of more of urea, ammonium chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid (98%), sodium hydroxide, tetraethylenepentamine and polyamide. The modified carbon has the advantages that the modified carbon is modified, the pore size distribution and pore volume of the activated carbon are changed, the target pore size distribution of the activated carbon for adsorbing different organic gases is increased, more residence places are provided for adsorption to increase the adsorption capacity, the activated carbon can react with harmful gases, the carboxyl content on the surface of the activated carbon is increased by the modified carbon, the mechanical strength of the activated carbon is improved, impurities such as ash on the surface of the activated carbon are removed, and the ash content is reduced.
Preferably, the regulator is one or a combination of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. Is slightly alkaline and has the function of regulating pH.
The preparation method of the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparation of modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to a weight ratio for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, uniformly stirring, standing for 4-6 hours, then stirring at a high speed for 10-20 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes, and adding a cross-linking agent, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 0.5-2 hours after adding completely;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, and baking the granular carbon until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, and sieving to obtain modified wood carbon for later use;
(2) Preparation of modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal carbon according to the weight ratio for standby;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 4-6 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant, and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 0.5-5 hours;
b4, baking: stirring and baking until the water content is less than or equal to 5%, thus obtaining modified coal charcoal for standby;
(3) Mixing the components: mixing modified wood charcoal 30-70 wt% and modified coal charcoal 30-70 wt% to obtain the final product.
Preferably, step a5 and step b4 are baked at a temperature of 80-150℃for 2-8 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises 30-70% of modified wood charcoal and 30-70% of modified coal charcoal, wherein the modified wood charcoal takes wood powder charcoal as raw carbon, polyvinyl alcohol, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a modifier and water are prepared into an adhesive, the modified coal charcoal takes coal columnar charcoal as raw carbon, and the surfactant, the modifier, a regulator and water are taken as catalysts; the adhesive for the modified wood charcoal is prepared from polyvinyl alcohol, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a modifying agent and water, wherein in the preparation process of the adhesive, the polyvinyl alcohol is used as an adhesive to be subjected to cross-linking reaction when being mixed with the cross-linking agent, the original linear structure is cross-linked to form the modified wood charcoal with a space reticular structure, the formed high-polymer cross-linked matter has larger molecular weight and is difficult to enter the inside of the pores of the activated charcoal, so that the pores are difficult to block, the addition of the modifying agent changes the pore size distribution of the activated charcoal, the pore size distribution is increased, the adsorption of gases with different target pore sizes is facilitated, the addition of the surfactant improves the dispersion degree of the high-polymer cross-linked matter, the prepared modified wood charcoal has a more developed pore structure and a larger specific surface area, the formed modified wood charcoal is more suitable for adsorbing the activated charcoal with an organic gas pore structure, the modified wood charcoal prepared by glue preparation, mixing, extrusion molding, crushing and sieving is less in the pore structure of the blocked developed pore structure, the developed pore structure has better bonding strength, and the developed pore structure has stronger adsorption performance on various VOC (volatile organic compounds); the modifier added into the modified coal carbon modifies the coal carbon, so that the pore size distribution and pore volume of the coal carbon are changed, the pore size distribution of different targets in adsorption is increased, more residence sites are provided for adsorption, the catalyst can react with harmful gases, the carboxyl content on the surface of the carbon is increased by the modifier, the mechanical strength of the coal carbon is improved, impurities such as ash on the surface of the activated carbon are removed, the ash content is reduced, the surfactant has a catalytic modification function, and the regulator is used for buffer adjustment; the high-efficient modified activated carbon of this application has improved the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon, and adsorption capacity and purifying effect ability are better, can adsorb different types harmful gas simultaneously, and the adsorption capacity improves more than 5 times to this application modified activated carbon has fine acid-resistant basicity, can adsorb simultaneously the harmful substance of various chemistry, different physical properties, and it is more to adsorb harmful substance kind, and the adsorption capacity is bigger, and does not fall ash during the use, more can improve air quality comprehensively.
The preparation method of the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases is simple in preparation technology, the modified activated carbon is produced by a special process, the types of the activated carbon and the specific proportion of the activated carbon are the same, the prepared efficient modified activated carbon is more in types of harmful substances, the adsorption capacity is larger, the air quality can be improved comprehensively, various harmful substances can be adsorbed simultaneously, and the purification equipment of various harmful substances is combined into one type, so that social resources are saved greatly.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
The following describes specific technical solutions of the present invention in connection with specific examples 1 to 4:
example 1:
a preparation method of high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 2 for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: slowly adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, stirring uniformly while adding, standing for 6 hours after dissolving uniformly, stirring at a high speed for 10 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 4 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 4 minutes, and adding a crosslinking agent, stirring at a medium speed for 4 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle according to the weight ratio of 100:30, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 1 hour after the addition is completed;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, loading the granular carbon into an oven by using a tray, baking the granular carbon for 2 hours at the temperature of 150 ℃, and detecting the moisture content until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, sieving after crushing, and selecting carbon meeting the requirements of particle size and length to obtain modified wood carbon for later use (the high-speed stirring is 1000r/min, and the medium-speed stirring is 500 r/min);
(2) Preparing modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 3 for later use;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 4 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant, and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 5 hours;
b4, baking: baking at 80deg.C for 8 hr, detecting water content of 5% or less to obtain modified coal charcoal;
(3) Mixing the components: and uniformly mixing 53% by weight of modified wood charcoal and 47% by weight of modified coal charcoal, and vacuum packaging to obtain the modified wood charcoal.
Example 2:
a preparation method of high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 2 for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: slowly adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, stirring uniformly while adding, standing for 5 hours after dissolving uniformly, stirring at a high speed for 20 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes, and adding a crosslinking agent, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle according to the weight ratio of 100:20, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 1.5 hours after the addition is completed;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, placing the granular carbon into an oven by using a tray, baking the granular carbon for 4 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and detecting the moisture content until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, sieving after crushing, and selecting carbon meeting the requirements of particle size and length to obtain modified wood carbon for later use (8000 r/min for high-speed stirring and 400r/min for medium-speed stirring);
(2) Preparing modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 3 for later use;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 5 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant, and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 0.5 hour;
b4, baking: baking at 100deg.C for 4 hr, detecting water content less than or equal to 5%, and obtaining modified coal charcoal;
(3) Mixing the components: and uniformly mixing 62 weight percent of modified wood charcoal and 38 weight percent of modified coal charcoal, and vacuum packaging to obtain the modified wood charcoal.
Example 3:
a preparation method of high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 2 for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: slowly adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, stirring uniformly while adding, standing for 4 hours after dissolving uniformly, stirring at a high speed for 15 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 6 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes, and adding a crosslinking agent, stirring at a medium speed for 6 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle according to a weight ratio of 100:10, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 2 hours after adding completely;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, loading the granular carbon into an oven by using a tray, baking the granular carbon for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, and detecting the moisture content until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, sieving after crushing, and selecting carbon meeting the requirements of particle size and length to obtain modified wood carbon for standby (the high-speed stirring is 900r/min, and the medium-speed stirring is 300 r/min);
(2) Preparing modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 3 for later use;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 6 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 4 hours;
b4, baking: baking at 80deg.C for 8 hr, detecting water content of 5% or less to obtain modified coal charcoal;
(3) Mixing the components: and uniformly mixing 70% by weight of modified wood charcoal and 30% by weight of modified coal charcoal, and vacuum packaging to obtain the modified wood charcoal.
Example 4:
a preparation method of high-efficiency modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 2 for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: slowly adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, stirring uniformly while adding, standing for 5.5 hours after dissolving uniformly, stirring at a high speed for 18 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes, adding a crosslinking agent, and stirring at a medium speed for 5 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle according to a weight ratio of 100:1, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 0.5 hour after the addition is completed;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, placing the granular carbon into an oven by using a tray, baking the granular carbon for 6 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and detecting the moisture content until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, sieving after crushing, and selecting carbon meeting the requirements of particle size and length to obtain modified wood carbon for standby (the high-speed stirring is 1200r/min, and the medium-speed stirring is 500 r/min);
(2) Preparing modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal charcoal according to the weight ratio of the table 3 for later use;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 5 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant, and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 2 hours;
b4, baking: baking the coal in a tray at 100 ℃ for 6 hours, and detecting that the water content is less than or equal to 5% to obtain modified coal charcoal for later use;
(3) Mixing the components: uniformly mixing 30% by weight of modified wood charcoal and 70% by weight of modified coal charcoal, and vacuum packaging.
Table 1: examples 1-4 weight percent of highly effective modified activated carbon component capable of adsorbing various VOC gases:
| component (A) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Modified wood charcoal | 53％ | 62％ | 70％ | 30％ |
| Modified coal charcoal | 47％ | 38％ | 30％ | 70％ |
Table 2: the components of the modified wood charcoal in examples 1 to 4 were as follows:
table 3: the component proportions of the modified coal-based carbons in examples 1 to 4:
test experiment:
1. purification ability test, CADR values of the solvent recovery efficient wood-based activated carbon and commercially available wood-based activated carbon of a certain brand (comparative example) prepared in examples 1 to 4 were respectively tested, test instrument: laser particle counter, test environment: the temperature is as follows: 25+/-1.5 ℃ and humidity of: 40.+ -. 5% and the test results are shown in Table 4.
2. Adsorption rate:the adsorption rate test was performed under the same conditions for the same amounts of the solvent recovery high-efficiency wood-based activated carbon obtained in examples 1 to 4 and a commercially available wood-based activated carbon of a certain brand (comparative example), and the test results are shown in table 4. Wherein the calculation formula of the adsorption rate of the activated carbon is = (W) i -W 0 )/W 0 X 100%; w of which is i To adsorb the weight of the saturated active carbon, W 0 For the weight of the activated carbon before the experiment, the air quantity under the test condition is 3000m 3 And (h) organic waste gas comprises the following components: toluene, acetone, ethyl acetate, xylene. Methanol, all analytically pure, inlet flow 0.8m 3 And/h, the gas inlet concentration of each component is 2000ppm.
3. Acid resistance: the solvent recovery efficient wood-based activated carbon obtained in examples 1 to 4 and a commercially available wood-based activated carbon of a certain brand (comparative example) were introduced into carbon disulfide, and the change of the experimental sample was observed, and the test results are shown in table 4.
4. Alkali resistance: the solvent recovery efficient wood-based activated carbon obtained in examples 1 to 4 and a commercially available wood-based activated carbon of a certain brand (comparative example) were introduced into ammonia gas, and the change of the experimental sample was observed, and the test results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 test results:
from table 4 test data can know, this application embodiment compares the comparative example, and this application adsorption capacity and purifying effect ability are better, can adsorb different types harmful gas simultaneously, and the adsorption capacity improves more than 5 times to this application has fine acid and alkali resistance ability, does not fall ash during the use, and the high-efficient modified activated carbon of this application adsorbs harmful substance kind more, and the adsorption capacity is bigger, more can comprehensively improve air quality.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 30-70% of modified wood charcoal and 30-70% of modified coal charcoal;
the modified wood charcoal comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of wood powder carbon, 15-22 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-5 parts of cross-linking agent, 2-20 parts of modifier and 95-105 parts of water;
the polyvinyl alcohol is one or a combination of more of PVA1792, PVA1799, PVA2099, PVA2092, PVA2499 and PVA 2492;
the cross-linking agent is one or a combination of borax and starch;
the raw materials of the modified coal charcoal are as follows by weight: 95-105 parts of coal columnar carbon, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 2-20 parts of modifier, 0.5-5 parts of regulator and 95-105 parts of water;
the surfactant in the modified wood charcoal and the modified coal charcoal raw material is one or a combination of coconut oil and sodium dodecyl sulfate;
the modifier in the modified wood charcoal raw material is one or a combination of more of urea, ammonium chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, tetraethylenepentamine and polyamide;
the regulator is one or a combination of more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate;
the preparation method of the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing various VOC gases comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of modified wood charcoal:
a1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified wood charcoal according to a weight ratio for later use;
a2, preparation of an adhesive: adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, uniformly stirring, standing for 4-6 hours, then stirring at a high speed for 10-20 minutes, adding a surfactant, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes, adding a modifier, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes, and adding a cross-linking agent, stirring at a medium speed for 4-6 minutes;
a3, mixing: adding wood powder carbon and an adhesive into a reaction kettle, stirring while adding, and continuing stirring for 0.5-2 hours after adding completely;
a4, granulating and molding: feeding the mixed materials into granulating equipment, extruding the mixed materials into granular carbon, and baking the granular carbon until the water content is less than or equal to 5%;
a5, crushing and sieving: crushing the baked granular carbon in crushing equipment, and sieving to obtain modified wood carbon for later use;
(2) Preparation of modified coal charcoal:
b1, preparing materials: preparing raw materials of modified coal carbon according to the weight ratio for standby;
b2, preparing a catalyst: adding the modifier and the regulator into water, stirring uniformly, standing for 4-6 minutes after the solid particles are dissolved, and adding the surfactant, and stirring uniformly;
b3, mixing: adding the prepared catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding coal columnar carbon while stirring, and stirring for 0.5-5 hours;
b4, baking: stirring and baking until the water content is less than or equal to 5%, thus obtaining modified coal charcoal for standby;
(3) Mixing the components: mixing modified wood charcoal 30-70 wt% and modified coal charcoal 30-70 wt% to obtain the final product.
2. The method for preparing the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing a plurality of VOC gases according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wood powder carbon is produced by adopting a phosphoric acid method, and has the mesh number of more than or equal to 200 meshes, the iodine value of more than or equal to 1100mg/g and the pH value of more than or equal to 5.6.
3. The method for preparing the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing a plurality of VOC gases according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coal columnar activated carbon has CTC value of more than or equal to 50%, particle size of 0.9-9mm, iodine value of more than or equal to 800mg/g and ash content of less than or equal to 5%.
4. The method for preparing the efficient modified activated carbon capable of adsorbing a plurality of VOC gases according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: step a4 and step b4 are baked at a temperature of 80-150 ℃ for 2-8 hours.
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