CN111530574A

CN111530574A - Agricultural and forestry are with shredder

Info

Publication number: CN111530574A
Application number: CN202010330560.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱菊平; 慎金阳; 刘剑; 柳中泉; 杨振兴
Original assignee: Xingguang Agricultural Machine Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xingguang Agricultural Machine Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-24
Filing date: 2020-04-24
Publication date: 2020-08-14

Abstract

A shredder for agriculture and forestry belongs to the technical field of shredders. The agricultural and forestry shredder comprises a shredding main body, a shredding mechanism and a motor; the shredding mechanism comprises two shredding rotating shafts and a plurality of movable cutters sleeved on the shredding rotating shafts; the two shredding rotating shafts are arranged in the shredding main body in parallel, and adjacent moving blades on the two shredding rotating shafts are staggered with each other; a plurality of fixed cutters are assembled on two sides of the shredding main body, and clamping strips for clamping the fixed cutters are arranged on two sides of each fixed cutter; two sides of each moving blade are provided with bushings for clamping the moving blade; each movable knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent fixed knives, and each fixed knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent movable knives. The invention can adjust the assembly clearance between the fixed cutter and the movable cutter, is convenient for disassembly, assembly and maintenance, can accurately control the clearance of the blades and effectively shreds agricultural and forestry waste materials.

Description

Agricultural and forestry are with shredder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shredders, and particularly relates to a shredder for agriculture and forestry.

Background

A shredder is a fine crushing machine generally used for processing raw materials or scraps to make them smaller in size, and typically used in the recycling industry for recycling plastics, such as waste large-diameter PE plastic pipes, bundled plastic films, large stacks of plastic sheets, and machine heads. Traditional shredding mechanism, shredding fixed blade and outer frame direct weld, if shredding fixed blade damages then need be unfavorable for the maintenance of shredder with whole outer frame replacement. And because the fixed blade is welded on the outer frame, the clearance between the movable blade and the fixed blade is not adjustable, if the movable blade and the fixed blade are not installed in alignment, the shredder cannot effectively shred materials and cannot meet the shredding size standard. When the shredding mechanism is used for materials (such as straws) with larger cellulose, the gap between the fixed blade and the movable blade is too large, and the straws are brought upwards and cannot be effectively shredded. In addition, the existing shredding mechanism is controlled by double shafts and double motors, and the double motors are arranged to increase the control cost.

The utility model patent CN201920500480.6 discloses a shredder mechanism for shredder to specifically disclose shredder mechanism includes the planking, the quantity of planking is two, and both sides between two planking all through bolt fixedly connected with curb plate, it is provided with the axis of rotation to run through on the curb plate, the quantity of axis of rotation is two, the surface of axis of rotation just is located and overlaps between two curb plates and is equipped with the shredding blade, the planking is close to top and the bottom of axis of rotation one side and all has the fixed cutter mechanism of shredding through bolt fixedly connected with limiting plate, and the joint has between two limiting plates that are located on same planking. The shredding mechanism only changes the welding mode between the fixed blades and the frame into the clamping mode, directly clamps the whole shredding fixed blade mechanism, and cannot adjust the clearance between the fixed blades on the shredding fixed blade mechanism and the clearance matched with the movable blades.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the agricultural and forestry shredder which can adjust the assembly gap between the fixed knife and the movable knife, is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain, can accurately control the gap between the blades and effectively shreds agricultural and forestry waste materials.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a shredder for agriculture and forestry, which comprises a shredding main body, a shredding mechanism and a motor, wherein the motor is connected with the shredding main body; the shredding mechanism comprises two shredding rotating shafts and a plurality of movable cutters sleeved on the shredding rotating shafts; the two shredding rotating shafts are arranged in the shredding main body in parallel, and adjacent moving blades on the two shredding rotating shafts are staggered with each other; a plurality of fixed cutters are assembled on two sides of the shredding main body, and clamping strips for clamping the fixed cutters are arranged on two sides of each fixed cutter; two sides of each moving blade are provided with bushings for clamping the moving blade; each movable knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent fixed knives, and each fixed knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent movable knives.

This shredder for agriculture and forestry has changed the fixed knife welded fastening's mode, adopts dismantled and assembled assembly mode to fix the fixed knife in the main part that shreds. Therefore, the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the gap between the fixed knife and the movable knife is convenient to adjust. After agricultural and forestry waste materials such as straw, branches drop into from shredder top, two shredding pivot relative rotations, straw, branch are shredded, and the straw after shredding and branch fall into in the shredding main part.

Preferably, when one motor is provided, the motor shaft is connected with one shredding rotating shaft, and the shredding rotating shaft is meshed with the other shredding rotating shaft through a gear; the diameter of the gear of the shredding rotary shaft as the driving shaft is smaller than that of the shredding rotary shaft as the driven shaft.

The shredding control is realized through the differential matching of the single motor. Compared with a double-shaft double-motor structure, the double-shaft single-motor structure saves the occupied space of the agricultural shredder and reduces the installation and maintenance cost.

Preferably, when there are two motors, the motor shaft of each motor is connected with a shredding rotating shaft.

Preferably, the two sides of the shredding main body are provided with a wall body provided with fixed cutters, the fixed cutters and the clamping strips are staggered along the length direction of the wall body to form a row of cutter groups, and the upper end and the lower end of each fixed cutter group are fixed on the wall body through a fixed cutter pressing strip.

Preferably, the bottom of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed knife pressing strip at the upper end of the fixed knife group is provided with an upper groove extending along the length direction of the wall, the top of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed knife pressing strip at the lower end of the fixed knife group is provided with a lower groove extending along the length direction of the wall, the upper ends of the fixed knives and the upper ends of the holding strips are limited in the upper groove, and the lower ends of the fixed knives and the lower ends of the holding strips are limited in the lower groove.

Preferably, the two ends of the wall in the length direction are provided with jacking bolts for adjusting the fixed cutter gap in the fixed cutter set.

Preferably, the fixed knife comprises a fixed knife main body and mounting parts arranged at two ends of the fixed knife main body; the mounting part extends outwards along the length direction of the fixed cutter main body; the surface of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter main body is at least partially cambered.

Preferably, the blade surface of the fixed blade body has a straight surface at a portion thereof near the outer side of the shredding body and an arc-shaped surface at a portion thereof near the inner side of the shredding body; the arc-shaped surface is used for being matched and attached to the lining.

Preferably, the movable cutters on the same shredding rotating shaft are arranged in a spiral line in a rotating mode.

Preferably, each movable cutter is provided with a plurality of movable cutter teeth, and all the movable cutter teeth are arranged in the same rotating direction; the tooth head end surface of the movable cutter tooth is a plane.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the agricultural and forestry shredder, the fixed cutter is fixed on the shredding main body in a detachable assembly mode, the gap between the fixed cutter and the movable cutter can be adjusted, and agricultural and forestry waste materials (including straws and branches) can be effectively shredded conveniently.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an agricultural shredder (with the outer cover removed) according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of an agricultural shredder (with the outer cover removed) in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the wall panel of FIG. 1 with the stationary knife installed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stationary knife in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the shredding spindle of FIG. 1 with the moving blade installed;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the moving blade of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the bushing of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the axial end of an agricultural or forestry shredder of the present invention, showing the stationary and movable blades engaged with each other.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the agricultural and forestry shredder of the invention comprises a shredding main body 1, a shredding mechanism 2 and a motor. The shredding mechanism 2 comprises two shredding rotating shafts 21 and a plurality of movable blades 22 sleeved on the shredding rotating shafts 21. Two shredding rotating shafts 21 are arranged in the shredding main body 1 in parallel, and adjacent moving blades on the two shredding rotating shafts 21 are staggered mutually. Both sides of the shredding main body 1 are equipped with a plurality of fixed knives 23, and both sides of each fixed knife 23 are provided with clamping strips 24 for clamping the fixed knives 23, for example, the clamping strips can be strip-shaped clamping plates. The movable knife 22 is provided with a bushing 25 on both sides thereof for clamping the movable knife 22, for example, the bushing is in a bolt-like structure or a circular ring with a hexagonal hole as shown in fig. 7. Each movable blade 22 fits in the gap between two adjacent fixed blades 23, and each fixed blade 23 fits in the gap between two adjacent movable blades 22.

When the motor drives the shredding rotary shafts 21 to rotate, the two shredding rotary shafts 21 rotate relatively. After agricultural and forestry waste materials such as straws and branches are thrown from the upper part of the shredder, the hob cutter shreds the straws and the branches along with the rotation of the shredding rotating shaft 21. Because of the assembly mode of stationary knife 23 is assembled on shredding main part 1, then can carry out the accurate adjustment according to the clearance needs of stationary knife with moving the sword when the assembly to avoid the waste material that cellulose such as similar straw is many to take out from the clearance, then probably lead to the shredder to block up, can't effectively shred.

In one embodiment, there are two motors, each controlling a corresponding shredding spindle 21. In another embodiment, the motor has one motor shaft, which is in transmission connection with one shredding rotating shaft (as a driving shaft) and the shredding rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the other shredding rotating shaft (as a driven shaft), and the two can be in transmission connection through a chain or a belt or a gear. Fig. 1 and 2 show that gears are arranged at the same ends of the two shredding rotating shafts, the two gears are meshed with each other, and when a motor drives a driving shaft to rotate, the driving shaft drives a driven shaft to rotate. Wherein the diameter of the gear 21A of the shredding rotary shaft 21 as a driving shaft is smaller than the diameter of the gear 21B of the shredding rotary shaft 21 as a driven shaft. Under the control of single motor and double shafts, differential matching is adopted. For example, the ratio of the rotational speed of the driving shaft to the driven shaft is 20: 15. The present invention is preferably the latter embodiment.

Shredding main body 1 includes shredding main body frame and locates wall body 11 of shredding main body frame four sides. The two shredding rotating shafts 21 are horizontally arranged in the shredding main body 1, and two ends of the two shredding rotating shafts penetrate through the two opposite side wall bodies. The other two opposite side walls are respectively provided with a plurality of fixed cutters 23, the fixed cutters 23 and the holding strips 24 are staggered along the length direction of the wall to form a row of cutter groups, namely, two sides of one fixed cutter 23 are respectively provided with one holding strip 24. The upper and lower ends of the fixed cutter set are respectively fixed on the wall body through a fixed cutter pressing bar 26, such as a bolt.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, an upper groove 261 extending along the length direction of the wall is formed in the bottom of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed blade pressing strip 26 located at the upper end of the fixed blade group, a lower groove 262 extending along the length direction of the wall is formed in the top of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed blade pressing strip located at the lower end of the fixed blade group, the upper ends of the fixed blades 23 and the upper ends of the holding strips 24 are limited in the upper groove 261, and the lower ends of the fixed blades 23 and the lower ends of the holding strips 24 are limited in the lower groove 262.

In order to adjust the gap between the fixed blade 23 and the movable blade 22, the wall 11 is provided with tightening bolts 27 at both ends in the length direction. And the wall body at each end is provided with two tightening bolts, one of which is used for adjusting the gap at the upper end of the fixed cutter, and the other of which is used for adjusting the gap at the lower end of the fixed cutter. Thus, the operator adjusts the clearance between the fixed cutters in the fixed cutter group by screwing/unscrewing the puller bolt. In addition, the wall body at each end can also be provided with one puller bolt, but the fine adjustment precision of the method is slightly lower than that of the technical scheme of two puller bolts.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fixed blade 23 includes a fixed blade body 231 and mounting portions 232 provided at both ends of the fixed blade body 231. The mounting portions 232 extend outward along the length direction of the fixed blade main body 231, and the mounting portions 232 at both ends of the fixed blade main body are respectively accommodated in the upper groove and the lower groove. The surface of the cutting edge 233 of the fixed cutter main body is at least partially cambered. Therefore, when the fixed knife is matched with the movable knife, the movable knife cannot be blocked from rotating. Preferably, the surface of the blade 233 of the fixed blade body 231 has a straight surface 2331 and an arc-shaped surface 2332, the straight surface 2331 being located at a portion of the blade 233 which is adjacent to the outer side of the shredding body, and the arc-shaped surface 2332 being located at a portion of the blade which is adjacent to the inner side of the shredding body. The arcuate surface 2332 is adapted to fit against the bushing 25 (see fig. 8). The lower edge of the curved surface 2332 is slightly elongated and the elongated lower edge fits the bushing as closely as possible, thus avoiding the shredded material from being carried back out of the shredder body 1. The arc surface extension can also be increased for the straight surface of the arc surface 2332, where the material returns can also fall into the hob again for shredding. To this end, the flat surface may or may not be lengthened as desired by adding an arcuate surface that conforms to the bushing.

As shown in fig. 5-6, each movable blade 22 has a plurality of movable blade teeth 221, and all the movable blade teeth 221 are arranged in the same rotation direction, such as a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation direction. Because the shredded waste is the waste for agriculture and forestry, rigid movable cutter teeth are not needed, and the movable cutter teeth in the scheme adopt movable cutter teeth with the tooth head end surfaces 2211 being planes. The moving blade teeth 221 are shown to resemble trapezoidal teeth. The movable blades 22 on the same shredding rotating shaft 21 are arranged in a spiral line in a rotating manner. For example, the movable blade 22 has 9 movable blade teeth 221 (see fig. 6). The plurality of movable cutters 22 on the same shredding rotating shaft 21 are axially arranged along the shredding rotating shaft 21 in turn according to a hexagon and an angle of one corner of each deflection hexagon, and then the plurality of movable cutters are rotationally arranged on the shredding rotating shaft 21 according to a spiral line.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.

Claims

1. A shredder for agriculture and forestry comprises a shredding main body, a shredding mechanism and a motor; the shredder is characterized in that the shredding mechanism comprises two shredding rotating shafts and a plurality of moving blades sleeved on the shredding rotating shafts; the two shredding rotating shafts are arranged in the shredding main body in parallel, and adjacent moving blades on the two shredding rotating shafts are staggered with each other; a plurality of fixed cutters are assembled on two sides of the shredding main body, and clamping strips for clamping the fixed cutters are arranged on two sides of each fixed cutter; two sides of each moving blade are provided with bushings for clamping the moving blade; each movable knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent fixed knives, and each fixed knife is matched in the gap between two adjacent movable knives.

2. An agricultural and forestry shredder according to claim 1, wherein when one of the motors is provided, the motor shaft is connected with one shredding rotating shaft, and the shredding rotating shaft is meshed with the other shredding rotating shaft through a gear; the diameter of the gear of the shredding rotary shaft as the driving shaft is smaller than that of the shredding rotary shaft as the driven shaft.

3. An agricultural or forestry shredder according to claim 1, wherein when there are two motors, a motor shaft of each motor is connected to a shredding rotary shaft.

4. An agricultural and forestry shredder according to claim 1, wherein the shredding main body is provided at both sides thereof with a wall body on which the fixed knives are mounted, the fixed knives and the holding strips are staggered in a row of knife groups along the length direction of the wall body, and the upper and lower ends of the fixed knife groups are respectively fixed to the wall body through a fixed knife holding strip.

5. A shredder for agriculture and forestry according to claim 4, wherein the bottom of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed blade pressing bar at the upper end of the fixed blade group is provided with an upper groove extending along the length direction of the wall, the top of the side, close to the wall, of the fixed blade pressing bar at the lower end of the fixed blade group is provided with a lower groove extending along the length direction of the wall, the upper ends of the fixed blades and the upper ends of the holding strips are limited in the upper groove, and the lower ends of the fixed blades and the lower ends of the holding strips are limited in the lower groove.

6. An agricultural and forestry shredder according to claim 5, wherein the wall body is provided with tightening bolts at both ends in the length direction thereof for tightening and adjusting the gap between the fixed blades in the fixed blade group.

7. A shredder for agriculture and forestry according to claim 1, wherein the fixed blade includes a fixed blade body and mounting portions provided at both ends of the fixed blade body; the mounting part extends outwards along the length direction of the fixed cutter main body; the surface of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter main body is at least partially cambered.

8. An agricultural or forestry shredder according to claim 7, wherein the blade surface of the fixed cutter main body has a flat surface at a portion of the blade adjacent to the outer side of the shredding main body and an arc surface at a portion of the blade adjacent to the inner side of the shredding main body; the arc-shaped surface is used for being matched and attached to the lining.

9. An agricultural and forestry shredder according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable blades on the same shredding rotating shaft are arranged in a spiral line in a rotating manner.

10. An agricultural and forestry shredder according to claim 1, wherein each movable cutter has a plurality of movable cutter teeth, and all the movable cutter teeth are arranged in the same rotating direction; the tooth head end surface of the movable cutter tooth is a plane.