CN111530268A - Method and system for treating odor and peculiar smell gas of garbage through multi-stage series stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for household garbage - Google Patents

Method and system for treating odor and peculiar smell gas of garbage through multi-stage series stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for household garbage Download PDF

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CN111530268A
CN111530268A CN202010363662.0A CN202010363662A CN111530268A CN 111530268 A CN111530268 A CN 111530268A CN 202010363662 A CN202010363662 A CN 202010363662A CN 111530268 A CN111530268 A CN 111530268A
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fixed bed
gas
garbage
humus soil
drainage
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CN111530268B (en
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吴军
焦冠通
罗培康
朱俊伟
杨智力
吕宜廉
李丹阳
马海涛
王雨纯
李志远
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co ltd
Nanjing University
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co ltd
Nanjing University
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of waste gas treatment, and discloses a method and a system for treating garbage odor and peculiar smell gas by using a multistage series-connected stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed, wherein the method utilizes the multistage series-connected fixed bed to treat the garbage odor and peculiar smell gas, and the treatment process comprises the following steps: 1) enabling gas to enter the fixed bed from a gas inlet unit at the bottom of the fixed bed, and enabling the gas to be discharged from the top after the gas is treated by the fixed bed by sucking the top of the fixed bed; uniformly preparing stock garbage aged leachate from the top of the fixed bed in the treatment process; 2) and (3) connecting the discharged gas to a bottom gas inlet unit of the next-stage fixed bed, treating the gas in a sequential batch alternation mode by utilizing the multistage series fixed beds, and discharging the gas after reaching the standard. The method combines the treatment of three pollutions of the undersize humus soil, the aged percolate and the foul odor gas in the fixed bed, not only can treat wastes with wastes, but also can realize the balance control target of three-in-one pollution of water, solid and gas.

Description

Method and system for treating odor and peculiar smell gas of garbage through multi-stage series stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for household garbage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a system for treating garbage odor and peculiar smell gas by a multi-stage series storage household garbage under-sieve humus aerobic fixed bed.
Background
The air pollution problem caused by odorous and odorous gases exists in the excavation, sorting and resource utilization processes of the stored garbage, the components mainly comprise sulfur-containing compounds (such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, thioether and the like), nitrogen-containing compounds (such as ammonia, amines and the like), aromatic hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons and the like, and the pollution characteristic of low concentration and large flow is realized.
The common methods for treating the odor and peculiar smell mainly comprise a physical method, a chemical method, a biological method, a deodorant method and the like. The physical method comprises a dilution method, a masking method, a condensation method, an adsorption method and the like, but the physical method is only suitable for the malodorous substances with low concentration and small range, has higher cost and does not fundamentally eliminate the malodorous substances; the chemical method mainly comprises a chemical washing method, an oxidation method, a combustion method and the like, has high efficiency and wide application range, but has the problems of short duration, high investment and operation cost, possibility of secondary pollution and the like; the biological method comprises a biological filtration method, a biological washing method and the like, has the advantages of high deodorization efficiency, low cost, no secondary pollution and the like, but has the problems of easy blockage of a bed layer, low removal rate of refractory substances, unbalanced pH value of the bed layer and the like; the deodorant method mainly removes malodorous gases by using agents such as enzyme deodorant, plant deodorant, microbial deodorant, and the like, is non-toxic, does not produce secondary pollution, is expensive, is easily affected by temperature, humidity, and the like, and needs to be sprayed regularly.
The undersize humus soil obtained after sorting treatment of the stored garbage is a product obtained through the processes of biodegradation and humification for many years, has good agglomeration and larger specific surface area, has high cation exchange capacity, is rich in organic matters and degrades a microbial population formed by complex matrixes, is a high-quality biological filtration treatment medium, has a good degradation effect on malodorous substances easy to biodegrade, and also has a certain adsorption effect on hydrophobic and difficultly degraded odorous substance components in the malodorous substances.
Based on the defects of the prior art, it is necessary to invent a new processing method and system capable of effectively improving the removal efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems of easy blockage of a reactor, low removal rate of refractory substances in malodorous gas, unbalanced bed layer pH and the like in the existing biological filtration and deodorization technology, the invention provides a system and a method for mutually combining three pollution treatments of undersize humus soil, aged percolate and malodorous odorous gas in a fixed bed to remove the malodorous gas of garbage, so that the waste can be treated by waste, and the balance control target of three-in-one pollution of water, solid and gas can be realized.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention utilizes a multi-stage series-connected humus soil aerobic fixed bed under a stock household garbage sieve to treat the odor and peculiar smell gas of garbage, and the treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) enabling the gas to enter the fixed bed from a gas inlet unit at the bottom of the fixed bed, and enabling the gas to be treated by the fixed bed and then discharged from the top by sucking the top of the fixed bed; uniformly preparing stock garbage aged leachate from the top of the fixed bed in the treatment process;
2) and (2) introducing the gas discharged in the step 1) into a bottom gas inlet unit of a next-stage fixed bed, and performing treatment according to the step 1) by utilizing the multistage series fixed beds to achieve standard discharge.
Preferably, in the step 1), the top of the fixed bed is sucked by a high-pressure centrifugal fan, odorous and odorous gas is uniformly sucked from a gas inlet unit at the bottom of the humus soil fixed bed, and part of pollutants in the odorous and odorous gas are removed by the aid of aerobic microorganism metabolism and humus soil adsorption through the humus soil fixed bed. The top exhaust gas is serially connected into the bottom gas inlet unit of the next-stage humus soil fixed bed in the same way, and is discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the corresponding pollution control standard through multi-stage treatment.
Preferably, a plurality of treatment units consisting of fixed beds connected in series are constructed, and the garbage odor and peculiar smell gas is treated in a sequential batch alternate operation mode.
Preferably, each treatment unit comprises 2-4 stages of the series combination of the fixed beds.
Preferably, the pH value of the stock waste aged leachate is within the range of 7.5-8.5, and/or the particle size of the humus soil below the sieve in the fixed bed is within 20 mm.
Preferably, the sequence batch alternation operation mode comprises the following steps:
1) arranging n fixed beds, wherein all the fixed beds are numbered in sequence, and n is more than or equal to 14; firstly, a first treatment unit is formed by 4 fixed beds, malodorous and peculiar smell gases are introduced in series and run for a certain time;
2) after the step 1) is finished, the initial fixed bed which runs in series is extended backwards by one number, and the next treatment unit is formed by the second-level fixed bed, the third-level fixed bed, the fourth-level fixed bed and the fifth-level fixed bed and runs for a certain time;
3) and 2) sequentially performing the steps according to the mode of the step 2), and when the nth fixed bed is treated, circulating the nth fixed bed to the first treatment unit when backward sequential delay is needed, so as to form sequential batch alternate treatment.
Preferably, the invention provides a system for realizing the method, the system comprises a plurality of stages of humus aerobic fixed beds under the household garbage storage sieve, each stage of fixed bed is independently provided with an air inlet unit and an air exhaust unit, the air inlet unit comprises an air inlet pipeline arranged on a terrace, the air exhaust unit comprises an air exhaust pipe and a fan which are arranged at the top of the fixed bed, and the air exhaust pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipeline of the next stage of fixed bed through an air outlet pipe.
Preferably, the air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet main pipe, air inlet branch pipes, an air inlet vertical pipe and water and gas distribution branch pipes, the air inlet main pipe is communicated with the air inlet branch pipes, the vertical air inlet vertical pipes are arranged on the air inlet branch pipes at intervals, the air inlet vertical pipes are communicated with the water and gas distribution branch pipes, water and gas distribution heads are arranged on the water and gas distribution branch pipes, and the water and gas distribution heads on different water and gas distribution branch pipes are distributed in a quincunx pile manner.
The first-stage fixed bed can receive the garbage stink and odor gas from other systems through the air inlet pipeline, and the subsequent fixed beds are sequentially treated in a series connection mode of air exhaust and air inlet pipelines.
Preferably, a humus soil layer and a gravel layer are arranged in the fixed bed from top to bottom, and the humus soil layer is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.
Preferably, the filler in the fixed bed is composed of humus soil which is obtained by performing combination separation on the garbage digging and mining objects and sieving the garbage digging and mining objects by a secondary drum sieve with the aperture of 20 mm.
Preferably, the system further comprises a water distribution unit arranged at the top of the fixed bed, a drainage unit arranged on the floor, a percolate collecting tank and a submersible pump, wherein the drainage unit comprises a drainage and gas distribution branch pipe, a drainage and gas distribution head and a drainage main pipe, percolate in the fixed bed enters the drainage and gas distribution branch pipe through the drainage and gas distribution head and then enters the drainage main pipe, and is discharged into the percolate collecting tank through the drainage main pipe, and the submersible pump is used for pumping percolate in the percolate collecting tank into the water distribution unit of the next-stage fixed bed for series connection treatment.
Preferably, the liquid level of the percolate collecting tank is ensured to be not lower than the water seal height of 1.0m away from the water inlet main drainage pipe, so that the treated gas in the drainage pipeline is prevented from mixing with air and leaking.
The drainage unit of the invention also comprises a drainage and gas distribution branch pipe and a drainage and gas distribution head on the terrace, so that gas can uniformly enter from the bottom of the fixed bed by using the drainage and gas distribution branch pipe and the drainage and gas distribution head, and simultaneously percolate can be collected and discharged, thereby realizing synchronous drainage and gas distribution.
Preferably, the water distribution unit is a capillary water distribution system, and comprises a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution main pipe optionally connected with the water distribution main pipe, and fiber water distribution branch pipes, at least one end of which is connected with the water distribution main pipe or the water distribution main pipe and arranged in parallel, wherein the fiber water distribution branch pipes are composed of fiber capillary water distribution pipes.
The water distribution main pipe and the water distribution main pipe are used for conveying water to the system, and the fiber water distribution branch pipe and the fiber capillary water distribution pipe are used for distributing water to the system. The long-distance small-flow uniform water distribution is realized in the manner.
Preferably, the wall of the fiber capillary water distribution pipe is made of a fiber material with the tightness of 50% -80% and the porosity of 60% -90%. The thickness of the tube wall of the fiber capillary water distribution tube is 0.5-3mm, and the inner diameter is 19-21 mm.
Preferably, the fiber material is selected from one of polypropylene, terylene, chinlon and acrylic fiber.
Preferably, the weaving manner is selected from one of a weaving process, a knitting process or a non-weaving process.
Preferably, the thickness of the tube wall of the fiber capillary water distribution tube prepared by the knitting process is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the pipe wall of the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the non-woven process is 2-3 mm.
Preferably, the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the weaving process has the density range of 200-.
Preferably, the capillary water distribution unit is fixed below an LDPE film sealed by the fixed bed and can be automatically folded or unfolded along with the covering film unit.
Preferably, the malodorous and odorous gas is treated by adopting a 2-4-stage series combination and sequential and alternate operation mode. The method comprises the following specific steps: the volume of the under-sieve humus soil yard unit is designed according to the fact that one unit is filled every day, the residence time of each batch of humus soil in the yard is not less than 14 days, and therefore 14 under-sieve humus soil yard (humus soil fixed bed) units with the same specification are arranged.
All units are numbered sequentially by sequence number. The initial filling is completed from 4 days, the filling of 4 humus soil fixed beds is completed, odorous odor gas is continuously introduced in series from small to large in sequence number, the same mode is maintained for 2 days, the initial fixed bed which is adjusted to operate in series in the operation of 7 days is enabled to extend backwards by one number, namely, the odorous odor gas is introduced in series from the 4 humus soil fixed beds, each sequence series mode is used for treating the odorous odor gas and extends backwards by one number after operating for 2 days, when the last sequence number (14 number unit) needs to extend backwards, the sequence number is circulated to the number 1 unit, and by analogy, each unit is used for alternately performing series treatment on the fourth-level odorous odor gas, the third-level odor gas, the second-level odor gas and the first-level odor gas for 2 days, each 2 days extends backwards by one number, and the cycle is repeated; and meanwhile, in the 14-day treatment cycle of each unit, 8 days are used for circularly treating the odor and peculiar smell gas, and 6 days are filled with air and clear water or are idle for repairing humus soil, so that the multistage serial sequential batch treatment of the odor and peculiar smell gas is constructed, meanwhile, the humus soil fixed bed is sequentially rotated and has sufficient time for self-repairing, and each unit is operated in a rotating mode.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the treatment method, the garbage foul odor and peculiar smell gas is treated by utilizing the multi-stage series-connected aerobic fixed bed of humus soil below the sieve for storing the household garbage, the stored garbage aged leachate is uniformly prepared from the top of the fixed bed in the treatment process, and the three pollution treatments of the humus soil below the sieve, the aged leachate and the foul odor and peculiar smell gas in the fixed bed are combined with one another, so that not only can the waste be treated by the waste, but also the balance control target of three-in-one pollution of water, solid and gas can be realized;
(2) the treatment method of the invention can synchronously and uniformly prepare the stored old garbage percolate from the top of the fixed bed when the odor gas enters the humus soil fixed bed from the bottom, and the old garbage percolate and the odor gas are in countercurrent contact, thereby effectively utilizing the weak alkalinity of the old garbage percolate and the H in the odor gas2S and other acidic gas components can also provide alkalinity required by microbial nitrification; on the other hand, the aged percolate can also provide a carbon source and energy required in the microbial degradation process, so that the adding amount of a nutrient solution is reduced; meanwhile, the proper water content in the microbial metabolic process is maintained, and the biodegradation efficiency is improved;
(3) the treatment method of the invention utilizes the characteristics that the humus soil which is the undersize product obtained by sorting the stored garbage has good agglomeration property and larger specific surface area, high cation exchange capacity and contains rich organic matters and rich microbial communities, and the humus soil is used for treating malodorous gas, thereby having good treatment effect on the malodorous organic matters which are easy to degrade and also having certain adsorption and removal effects on hydrophobic and nondegradable pollutants in the malodorous organic matters;
(4) according to the method, a plurality of serially connected humus soil fixed beds are used as the treatment units, and the operation mode that the treatment units perform sequencing batch operation is adopted, so that the requirements of stabilization of the humus soil under the sieve and treatment of percolate are effectively met, the problems of adsorption saturation of refractory gas components and the like are well solved, in each treatment period, foul odor and peculiar smell gas can be treated in a rotating mode, air clear water can be introduced or the bed is idle, the bed is used for repairing the humus soil in the fixed beds which do not participate in treatment temporarily, and each treatment unit of the humus soil aerobic fixed bed can keep high-efficiency treatment capacity and stable treatment efficiency through sequential rotation and sufficient time self-repairing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view and a dimensional view of a multistage series-connected humus soil fixed bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a humus fixed bed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial axial view of a humus fixed bed air intake unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial view of a piping system at the bottom of a humus soil fixed bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial view of a piping system at the top of the humus soil fixed bed of the present example;
the reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
1. a humus soil filler layer; 2. a crushed stone layer; 3. a temperature sensor; 4. a humidity sensor; 5. LDPE films; 6. an air inlet main pipe; 7. an intake branch pipe; 8. an air inlet vertical pipe; 9. a water and gas drainage branch pipe; 10. a water and gas drainage head; 11. a water inlet pipe; 12. a fan; 13. an air exhaust pipe; 14. an air outlet pipe; 15. and (4) draining a main pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or the two elements can be directly connected together; when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or the two elements may be directly integrated. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
As used herein, the term "about" is used to provide the flexibility and inaccuracy associated with a given term, measure or value. The degree of flexibility for a particular variable can be readily determined by one skilled in the art.
As used herein, "adjacent" refers to two structures or elements being in proximity. In particular, elements identified as "adjacent" may abut or be connected. Such elements may also be near or proximate to each other without necessarily contacting each other. In some cases, the precise degree of proximity may depend on the particular context.
Lengths, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For example, a numerical range of about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limit values of 1 to about 4.5, but also include individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and sub-ranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value, such as "less than about 4.5," which should be construed to include all of the aforementioned values and ranges. Moreover, such an interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or feature being described.
Examples
The method for treating the odor and peculiar smell gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for the household garbage comprises the following steps:
a) aerobic stabilization pretreatment: after the safety mining of the storage domestic garbage landfill, an excavation and mining object aerobic fixed bed is required to be constructed to carry out aerobic stabilization pretreatment on the mined storage garbage, the structure of the excavation and mining object aerobic fixed bed is the same as that of a humus soil fixed bed, and the treatment scale is 360m3(ii) inventory waste;
b) a large amount of malodorous gas is generated in the treatment process of the step a), the gas is conveyed to a multi-stage series-connected humus aerobic fixed bed for treatment by using a fan, the gas enters the fixed bed from a gas inlet unit at the bottom in the treatment process of the fixed bed, and the gas is discharged from the top after the treatment of the fixed bed by sucking the top of the fixed bed; in the treatment process, the garbage percolate enters from a water inlet pipe 11 at the top of the fixed bed and is uniformly prepared into stock garbage aged percolate through a water distribution unit; and gas discharged from the top is connected to a bottom gas inlet unit of the next-stage fixed bed, and is treated by the multistage fixed beds connected in series and then discharged after reaching the standard.
This embodiment provides a multistage series connection stock domestic waste sieve down humus soil aerobic fixed bed processing system simultaneously, the system includes multistage series connection's stock domestic waste sieve down humus soil aerobic fixed bed, and every level of fixed bed sets up air intake unit and air exhaust unit alone, air intake unit is including setting up the admission line on the terrace, air exhaust unit is including setting up exhaust tube 13 and fan 12 at the fixed bed top, exhaust tube 13 is linked together through the admission line of outlet duct 14 with next stage fixed bed.
The filler in the fixed bed is composed of humus soil which is obtained by combining and sorting garbage digging objects through a secondary drum sieve with the aperture of 20mm, the fixed bed structure is made of reinforced concrete, the bottom of the gallery is a hardened terrace, three faces of the fixed bed structure are made of reinforced concrete walls, and one face of the fixed bed structure is a detachable steel plate retaining wall and is used for the dump truck to go in and out. Each fixed bed is 8.0m wide and 40m long, and a 1.0m 81.2m pipe ditch for placing pipelines is arranged between two adjacent fixed beds.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the air intake unit includes an air intake main pipe 6, an air intake branch pipe 7, an air intake stand pipe 8, a water and air distribution branch pipe 9 and a water and air distribution head 10, which are specifically arranged as follows: the air inlet main pipe 6 is connected with an air inlet branch pipe 7 (the galvanized steel material of DN 100-80) through a reducing tee joint, the air inlet branch pipe 7 is provided with a vertical air inlet vertical pipe 8(DN80 galvanized steel material) buried at the bottom of the terrace every 1m, the air inlet vertical pipe 8 is used for guiding air into a water and air distribution branch pipe 9(DN80 iron material) at the bottom of the fixed-bed terrace, the water and air distribution branch pipe 9 is provided every 1m, a water and air distribution head 10 is arranged on the water and air distribution branch pipe 9 every 2m, and the water and air distribution heads 10 on different water and air distribution branch pipes 9 are distributed in a quincunx pile manner.
The gas inlet path is as follows: the waste leachate flows through the air inlet branch pipe 7, the air inlet vertical pipe 8 and the water and gas distribution branch pipe 9 in sequence from the air inlet main pipe 6, finally enters into a single humus soil fixed bed through the water and gas distribution head 10, and is in countercurrent contact with the waste leachate from the digging and mining object aerobic fixed bed prepared through a water distribution system in a filter bed, so that the adsorption, absorption and degradation of malodorous pollutants are realized. The drainage and air distribution head 10 is the same as the drainage and air distribution head disclosed in the patent device with the patent application number of ZL208121926U, which is named as a drainage and air distribution device applied to the stabilization treatment of the stored household garbage.
The air extraction unit is arranged as follows: a fan 12 is arranged at the top of the humus soil fixed bed every 10m, and the fan 12 is specifically a mixed flow fan of DN 50; the flow rate is about 200m3Perh, each fixed bed has 4 fans, and the treatment gas amount is 800m3/h。
As shown in fig. 5, the blower 12 is communicated with the air exhaust pipe 13, the air exhaust pipe 13 is specifically a galvanized steel pipe of DN50, the air exhaust pipe 13 is provided with an air exhaust pipe every 1m, the air extracted by every 10 air exhaust pipes is converged to one blower 12 through the air exhaust pipe 13 (namely, one blower is provided for every 10 air exhaust pipes), the air in the fixed bed is extracted by the blower 12 in the above manner and is delivered to the air outlet pipe 14, the air outlet pipe 14 (made of the galvanized material of DN 50-100) is communicated with the air inlet main pipe 6 of the next fixed bed, and the air is delivered to the air inlet main pipe 6 (made of PE material of DN 200) to form a series connection treatment.
Each fixed bed is also provided with an independent water distribution unit and an independent water drainage unit.
The water distribution unit is a capillary water distribution system arranged at the top of the fixed bed and comprises a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution main pipe optionally connected with the water distribution main pipe, and fiber water distribution branch pipes, at least one end of each fiber water distribution branch pipe is connected with the water distribution main pipe or the water distribution main pipe and is arranged in parallel, and the fiber water distribution branch pipes are composed of fiber capillary water distribution pipes.
The water distribution main pipe and the water distribution main pipe are used for conveying water to the system, and the fiber water distribution branch pipe and the fiber capillary water distribution pipe are used for distributing water to the system. The long-distance small-flow uniform water distribution is realized in the manner. The wall of the fiber capillary water distribution pipe is made of a fiber material with the tightness of 50-80% and the porosity of 60-90%. The thickness of the tube wall of the fiber capillary water distribution tube is 0.5-3mm, and the inner diameter is 19-21 mm. The fiber material is selected from one of polypropylene, terylene, chinlon and acrylic fiber; the weaving mode is selected from one of weaving process, knitting process or non-weaving process; the thickness of the tube wall of the fiber capillary water distribution tube prepared by the knitting process is 0.5-1.5 mm; the thickness of the pipe wall of the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the non-woven process is 2-3 mm; the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the weaving process has the density range of 200 plus 250 pieces/10 cm, the weft density range of 210 plus 240 pieces/10 cm and the pipe wall thickness of 0.5-1 mm. The capillary water distribution unit is fixed below the LDPE film sealed by the fixed bed and can be automatically folded or unfolded along with the covering film unit.
The drainage unit comprises a drainage and gas distribution branch pipe 9, a drainage and gas distribution head 10 and a drainage main pipe 15; leachate enters the water and gas drainage and gas distribution branch pipes 9 through a water and gas drainage and distribution head 10 at the bottom of the fixed bed, all the water and gas drainage and distribution branch pipes 9 of every two fixed beds which are arranged in parallel are converged into a PE (polyethylene) water drainage main pipe 15 of DN200 laid in a pipe ditch, and then the leachate is discharged into a leachate collecting tank, and is pumped into the next fixed bed by a submersible pump for series treatment. Each level of percolate collecting pool needs to be sealed by enough water, so that percolate is prevented from being sucked into the fixed bed from the collecting pool, and air inlet is ensured to enter the humus fixed bed from the water and gas discharging branch pipe 9.
The drainage gas distribution heads 10 distributed on the terrace in the form of the quincuncial piles are matched with the suction effect of a plurality of fans 12 on the top of the fixed bed, so that the gas demand can be met and the gas distribution uniformity can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2, a humus soil packing layer 1 and a crushed stone layer 2 are paved in the fixed bed from top to bottom, the height of the humus soil packing layer 1 is 2.5m, the lower part of the humus soil packing layer 1 is the crushed stone layer 2 with the thickness of 100mm, and the crushed stone layer 2 is used for uniformly distributing gas so that the gas uniformly enters the fixed bed.
A temperature sensor 3 and a humidity sensor 4 are respectively arranged every 10m in the humus soil packing layer 1 and used for monitoring the temperature and the water content of the packing bed layer. The top of the fixed bed is covered with an LDPE film 5 which can be automatically folded and unfolded, so that the opening and the closing of the fixed bed and the heat preservation and the heat storage inside the fixed bed are realized. When the humidity sensor 4 shows that the water content is lower than 40%, water is distributed through a capillary water distribution system at the top by using a submersible pump; stopping when the water content is higher than 60%. The temperature of the humus soil filler layer 1 is controlled to be 25-50 ℃ through the heat storage and preservation function of the LDPE film 5 and the heat dissipation function of the ventilation of the fan 12.
In the specific implementation process, the series 4-level humus soil fixed bed is used for treating the odorous and odorous gas in a sequential and alternate operation mode, and the mode is as follows:
with reference to fig. 1, 14 humus fixed bed units of the same specification were provided, all numbered in sequence and filled up one unit per day. After 4 humus soil fixed beds are initially filled for 4 days, odorous and odorous gases are fed in according to the sequence number from small to large to carry out the steps of (1), (two), (three) and (four) 4 in series connection and the same mode is maintained for 2 days, when the fixed bed enters the 7 th day, the fixed bed is extended backwards by one position, the steps of (1), (three), (four) and (five) 4 humus soil fixed beds are connected in series to process the odorous and odorous gases, each sequence series connection mode processes the odorous and odorous gases and runs for 2 days, then the odorous and odorous gases are extended backwards by one position, when the last sequence number 14 fixed bed unit needs to be extended backwards by one position, the fixed bed unit is circulated to the unit 1, and by analogy, each unit bears the fourth, third, second and first functions of the odorous gases in series connection for 2 days, each step is extended backwards by one position every 2 days, and the cycle is repeated; and meanwhile, in the 14-day treatment cycle of each unit, 8 days are used for circularly treating the odor and peculiar smell gas, and 6 days are filled with air and clear water or are idle for repairing humus soil, so that the multistage serial sequential batch treatment of the odor and peculiar smell gas is constructed, meanwhile, the humus soil fixed bed is sequentially rotated and has sufficient time for self-repairing, and each unit is operated in a rotating mode. Specifically, the operation steps are as follows:
(1) until the fifth day, the fixed beds of the first, second, third and fourth are filled, the odor and peculiar smell gas (hereinafter referred to as 'air inlet') of the digging and collecting fixed bed is introduced into the fixed bed of the first to be discharged after 4-stage series connection, the running time is 2 days, and the fixed bed of the fifth day is filled;
(2) on the seventh day, after the fixed bed is filled, the air is introduced into the fixed bed II through valve switching, the air is discharged after 4 stages of series connection, the operation time is 2 days, and the fixed bed III is filled;
(3) on the ninth day, the fixed bed No. III is filled, air is introduced to the fixed bed No. III to be subjected to the third, fourth, fifth and sixth 4-level series connection and then discharged, the running time is 2 days, and simultaneously the fixed bed No. nine is filled;
(4) in the eleventh day, the ⑩ fixed bed is completely filled, the inlet air is led to ④ fixed bed to be discharged after ④, ⑤, ⑥ and ⑦ 4 stages of serial connection through valve switching, the running time is 2 days, and meanwhile, the air is discharged to the fixed bed in the tenth day
Figure BDA0002475849460000083
Filling the number fixed bed;
(5) on the thirteen days, the number of the three days,
Figure BDA0002475849460000084
after the fixed bed is filled, the inlet gas is led to ⑤ fixed bed to be discharged after ⑤, ⑥, ⑦ and ⑤ 04 stages of serial connection, at the moment, the malodorous gas of ④ fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is introduced to repair, the generated tail gas is introduced to ⑤ fixed bed to be connected in series with ⑤, ⑥, ⑦ and ⑧ 4 stages, and the operation time is up to ⑤, ⑥, ⑦ and ⑧ stages of serial connectionIs 2 days;
(6) on the fifteenth day of the day,
Figure BDA00024758494600000928
after the number fixed bed is filled, through valve switching, air inlet is led to the number ⑥ fixed bed to carry out ⑥, ⑦, ⑥ 0 and ① 4 grade serial connection and then is discharged, air is stopped to be led into the number ④ fixed bed, an LDPE film is opened to carry out natural ventilation restoration for 4 days, malodorous gas of the number ⑤ fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is led into the number ⑥ fixed bed to carry out ⑥, ⑦, ⑧ and ⑥ 14 grade serial connection, and the running time is 2 days;
(7) seventeenth day, switching a valve, introducing air to a fixed bed to carry out level 4 serial connection of the fixed bed, the fixed bed continues to carry out natural ventilation repair, the fixed bed stops introducing air, an LDPE (Low-Density polyethylene) membrane is opened to carry out natural ventilation repair for 4 days, after malodorous gas of the fixed bed is treated for 8 days, introducing air to carry out repair, introducing generated tail gas to the fixed bed to carry out level 4 serial connection of the fixed bed, and the running time is 2 days;
(8) on the nineteenth day, the inlet gas is led to ⑧ fixed beds for ⑧, ⑨, ⑩ and,
Figure BDA00024758494600000929
The 4-stage series connection is carried out, the ④ fixed bed is repaired, humus is transported out through a dumper, the ⑤ fixed bed continues natural ventilation repair, the ⑥ fixed bed stops introducing air, the LDPE film is opened for natural ventilation repair for 4 days, the ⑦ fixed bed malodorous gas is treated for 8 days, the air is introduced for repair, and the generated tail gas is introduced into the ⑧ fixed bed for ⑧, ⑨, ⑩, B,
Figure BDA00024758494600000930
4 stages of serial connection, the running time is 2 days;
(9) twenty-first day, the inlet air is led to No. ⑨ fixed bed for ⑨, ⑩,
Figure BDA00024758494600000931
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000932
The 4-stage series connection is carried out, the ⑤ fixed bed is repaired, humus is transported out through a dumper, the ⑥ fixed bed continues natural ventilation repair, the ⑦ fixed bed stops introducing air, the LDPE film is opened for natural ventilation repair for 4 days, the ⑧ fixed bed malodorous gas is treated for 8 days, the air is introduced for repair, the generated tail gas is introduced into the ⑨ fixed bed for ⑨, ⑩, B,
Figure BDA0002475849460000096
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000933
4 stages of serial connection, the running time is 2 days;
(10) in the twenty-third day, the air inlet is led to No. ⑩ fixed bed to carry out ⑩,
Figure BDA0002475849460000098
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000934
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000935
The 4-stage series connection is carried out, the ⑥ fixed bed is repaired, humus is transported out through a dumper, the ⑦ fixed bed continues natural ventilation repair, the ⑧ fixed bed stops introducing air, the LDPE film is opened for natural ventilation repair for 4 days, the ⑨ fixed bed malodorous gas is treated for 8 days, the air is introduced for repair, the generated tail gas is introduced into the ⑩ fixed bed for ⑩, the method comprises the steps of,
Figure BDA00024758494600000936
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000912
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000937
4 stages of serial connection, the running time is 2 days;
(11) on the twenty-fifth day, the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet through valve switching
Figure BDA00024758494600000914
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600000938
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000939
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000940
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000941
The 4-level series connection is carried out, the ⑦ fixed bed is repaired, humus is transported out through a dumper, the ⑧ fixed bed continues natural ventilation repair, the ⑨ fixed bed stops introducing air, the LDPE film is opened for natural ventilation repair for 4 days, the ⑩ fixed bed malodorous gas is treated for 8 days, the air is introduced for repair, and the generated tail gas is introduced
Figure BDA00024758494600000919
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600000942
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000943
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000944
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000945
4 stages of serial connection, the running time is 2 days;
(12) on the twenty-seventh day, the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet through valve switching
Figure BDA00024758494600000924
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600000946
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000947
、
Figure BDA00024758494600000948
① 4 stages are connected in series, after repairing of No. ⑧ fixed bed is finished, humus soil is transported out by a dumper, the No. ⑨ fixed bed continues natural ventilation repairing, the No. ⑩ fixed bed stops introducing air, LDPE film is opened for natural ventilation repairing for 4 days,
Figure BDA0002475849460000101
after malodorous gas in the fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is introduced for repairing, and generated tail gas is introduced
Figure BDA0002475849460000102
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600001025
、
Figure BDA00024758494600001026
、
Figure BDA00024758494600001027
① 4, stage 4 series connection, the running time is 2 days;
(13) on the twenty-ninth day, the air is introduced to the air inlet through the valve switching
Figure BDA0002475849460000106
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600001028
、
Figure BDA00024758494600001029
① and ② 4 are connected in series, after the repair of the ⑨ fixed bed is finished, the humus soil is transported out by a dumper, the ⑩ fixed bed is continuously repaired by natural ventilation,
Figure BDA0002475849460000109
stopping introducing air into the fixed bed, opening the LDPE film for natural ventilation restoration for 4 days,
Figure BDA00024758494600001010
after malodorous gas in the fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is introduced for repairing, and generated tail gas is introduced
Figure BDA00024758494600001011
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600001030
、
Figure BDA00024758494600001031
① and ② 4 stages are connected in series, and the running time is 2 days;
(14) on the thirty-first day, the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet through valve switching
Figure BDA00024758494600001014
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600001032
Figure BDA00024758494600001032
①, ② and ③ 4 are connected in series, after the fixed bed No. ⑩ is repaired, the humus soil is transported out by a dumper,
Figure BDA00024758494600001033
the number fixed bed is continuously restored by natural ventilation,
Figure BDA00024758494600001017
stopping introducing air into the fixed bed, opening the LDPE film for natural ventilation restoration for 4 days,
Figure BDA00024758494600001018
after malodorous gas in the fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is introduced for repairing, and generated tail gas is introduced
Figure BDA00024758494600001019
Number fixed bed
Figure BDA00024758494600001034
Figure BDA00024758494600001034
①, ② and ③ 4 are connected in series, and the running time is 2 days;
(15) thirty-third day, the inlet gas is led to ① fixed bed to carry out ①, ②, ③ and ④ 4 cascade connection through valve switching (④ fixed bed is filled in the thirty-second day),
Figure BDA00024758494600001021
after the fixed bed is repaired, the humus soil is transported out by a dump truck,
Figure BDA00024758494600001035
the number fixed bed is continuously restored by natural ventilation,
Figure BDA00024758494600001023
stopping introducing air into the fixed bed, opening the LDPE film for natural ventilation restoration for 4 days,
Figure BDA00024758494600001024
after malodorous gas in the No. fixed bed is treated for 8 days, air is introduced for repairing, generated tail gas is introduced into the No. ① fixed bed for ①, ②, ③ and ④ 4 grade series connection, and the running time is 2 days;
by analogy, each sequential series mode is used for treating the odorous and odorous gas and running for 2 days, and then the odorous and odorous gas is backwards extended by one number, so that a multistage series operation mode of sequential batch alternation of the humus soil fixed bed is formed.
The concentration of each pollutant after being treated by the system of the invention is as follows: the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is less than 0.06mg/m3The concentration of ammonia gas is less than 1.5mg/m3The concentration of the odor is less than 20, and the odor meets the secondary standard of the factory boundary in the emission standard of malodorous pollutants GB 14554-93.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described in an illustrative manner, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the embodiments shown in the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if it is inspired by those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, the similar structural modes and embodiments as the technical solution are not creatively designed, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for treating garbage odor and peculiar smell gas by a multi-stage series stock under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for household garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method utilizes a multi-stage series storage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for treating the odor and peculiar smell gas of the garbage, and the treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) enabling gas to enter the fixed bed from a gas inlet unit at the bottom of the fixed bed, and enabling the gas to be discharged from the top after the gas is treated by the fixed bed by sucking the top of the fixed bed; uniformly preparing stock garbage aged leachate from the top of the fixed bed in the treatment process;
2) and (2) connecting the gas discharged in the step 1) to a bottom gas inlet unit of a next-stage fixed bed, and discharging the gas after reaching the standard after treating the gas according to the step 1) by utilizing the fixed beds connected in series in multiple stages.
2. The method for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected below-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for storing the household garbage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a plurality of treatment units formed by connecting fixed beds in series are constructed, and the garbage stink and peculiar smell gas is treated by adopting a sequential batch alternate operation mode.
3. The method for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected inventory under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed of the household garbage according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: each treatment unit comprises 2-4 stages of series combination of the fixed beds.
4. The method for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected below-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for the inventory of the household garbage, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the pH value range of the stored garbage aged leachate is 7.5-8.5, and/or the particle size of the undersize humus soil in the fixed bed is within 20 mm.
5. The method for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected below-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed for storing the household garbage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the sequencing batch alternation operation mode is as follows:
1) arranging n fixed beds; all the fixed beds are numbered in sequence according to the sequence number, and n is more than or equal to 14; firstly, a first treatment unit is formed by 4 fixed beds, malodorous and peculiar smell gases are introduced in series and run for a certain time;
2) after the step 1) is finished, the initial fixed bed which runs in series is extended backwards by one number, and the next treatment unit is formed by the second-level fixed bed, the third-level fixed bed, the fourth-level fixed bed and the fifth-level fixed bed and runs for a certain time;
3) and 2) sequentially performing the steps according to the mode of the step 2), and when the nth fixed bed is treated, circulating the nth fixed bed to the first treatment unit when backward sequential delay is needed, so as to form sequential batch alternate treatment.
6. A system for realizing the method for treating the odor and peculiar smell of the garbage by the multistage series-connected stock household garbage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the system comprises a plurality of stages of humus aerobic fixed beds under the household garbage storage sieve, wherein each stage of fixed bed is independently provided with an air inlet unit and an air exhaust unit, the air inlet unit comprises an air inlet pipeline arranged on a terrace, the air exhaust unit comprises an air exhaust pipe (13) and a fan (12) which are arranged at the top of the fixed bed, and the air exhaust pipe (13) is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of the next stage of fixed bed through an air outlet pipe (14);
7. the system for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected inventory domestic garbage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed according to claim 6, characterized in that: the air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet main pipe (6), air inlet branch pipes (7), an air inlet vertical pipe (8) and drainage and gas distribution branch pipes (9), wherein the air inlet main pipe (6) is communicated with the air inlet branch pipes (7), the vertical air inlet vertical pipe (8) is arranged on the air inlet branch pipes (7) at intervals, the air inlet vertical pipe (8) is communicated with the drainage and gas distribution branch pipes (9), drainage and gas distribution heads (10) are arranged on the drainage and gas distribution branch pipes (9), and the drainage and gas distribution heads (10) on the different drainage and gas distribution branch pipes (9) are distributed in a quincunx pile manner.
8. The system for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected inventory domestic garbage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed, according to claim 7, is characterized in that: a humus soil packing layer (1) and a gravel layer (2) are arranged in the fixed bed from top to bottom, and the humus soil packing layer (1) is provided with a temperature sensor (3) and a humidity sensor (4).
9. The system for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected inventory domestic garbage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed according to claim 6, characterized in that: the system is still including setting up the water distribution unit at the fixed bed top, setting up drainage unit, filtration liquid catch basin and the immersible pump on the terrace, the drainage unit include drainage gas distribution branch pipe (9), drainage gas distribution head (10) and drainage main pipe (15), filtration liquid in the fixed bed gets into drainage gas distribution branch pipe (9) through drainage gas distribution head (10), reentrant to drainage main pipe (15), in draining filtration liquid catch basin through drainage main pipe (15), the immersible pump is arranged in going into the water distribution unit of next stage fixed bed with the filtration liquid pump in the filtration liquid catch basin and carries out the series connection and handle.
10. The system for treating the odorous and odorous gas of the garbage by the multistage series-connected inventory domestic garbage under-sieve humus soil aerobic fixed bed, according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the water distribution unit comprises a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution main pipe optionally connected with the water distribution main pipe, and at least one fiber water distribution branch pipe which is connected with the water distribution main pipe or the water distribution main pipe and is arranged in parallel, wherein the fiber water distribution branch pipe is composed of fiber capillary water distribution pipes, and the pipe walls of the fiber capillary water distribution pipes are made of fiber materials with the tightness of 50% -80% and the porosity of 60% -90%.
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CN113233028B (en) * 2021-05-06 2022-04-22 南京大学 Container equipment for closed transportation of stored garbage and ectopic aerobic stabilization and method thereof

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