CN111528995A - 一种肝胆结石的消除装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种肝胆结石的消除装置,包括筒体,所述筒体的右端固定连接有安装板,所述筒体的内部设隔板,所述筒体外部设球囊,所述筒体内部、贯穿隔板设取石筒和清洗筒,所述取石筒内设吸引管,所述吸引管的一端穿过安装板设置,所述吸引管的另一端穿过筒体左端的第一通槽,所述清洗筒内设针管,所述针管的一端穿过安装板设置,所述针管的另一端穿过筒体左端的第二通槽;本发明提供的消除装置,实现了大块结石的包裹和残余小块结缔的切除和夹取,方便注射药物,功能齐全且视野广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肝胆手术技术领域,具体涉及一种肝胆结石的消除装置。
背景技术
胆道结石是外科中的常见疾病,胆总管内的结石可以引起胆道梗阻继发黄疸、胆管炎甚至胰腺炎危及生命。手术是治疗该疾病的唯一方法。胆道镜取石是目前外科常用治疗胆道结石的一种方法,在此过程中,通常沿胆道切开处放置纤维胆道镜,发现结石后,用取石网套取结石。
现有的肝胆手术结石取出装置,基本上都以镊子的形式将病者体内的结石取出,而以这种方式将结石取出,不仅一次只能取出一块结石,而且体积较小的结石难以准确的夹取,不仅取出效率低下,而且在将结石取出装置送入体内时由于肠道不是直线,因此送入肠道内部较为缓慢。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决背景技术中所提出的问题,而提供一种肝胆结石的消除装置,实现了大块结石的包裹和残余小块结缔的切除和夹取,方便注射药物,功能齐全且视野广。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种肝胆结石的消除装置,包括筒体,所述筒体的右端固定连接有安装板,所述筒体的内部设隔板,所述筒体外部设球囊,所述筒体内部、贯穿隔板设取石筒和清洗筒,所述取石筒内设吸引管,所述吸引管的一端穿过安装板设置,所述吸引管的另一端穿过筒体左端的第一通槽,所述清洗筒内设针管,所述针管的一端穿过安装板设置,所述针管的另一端穿过筒体左端的第二通槽。
优选的,所述吸引管靠近第一通槽的一端连接网篮,所述网篮采用乳胶材质。
优选的,所述吸引管靠近第一通槽的一端连接裹石器,所述裹石器为裙摆状,所述裹石器横截面呈圆形。
优选的,所述筒体内部贯穿隔板设引流管,所述引流管的一端贯穿安装板设置,所述引流管的另一端穿过筒体左端的第三通槽设置。
优选的,所述筒体的外壁通过固定环安装有通风管,所述通风管的一端贯穿安装板设置,所述通风管的另一端连通至球囊设置。
优选的,所述球囊的两端尖端为锥形设计,呈逐渐变细状,锥顶点与筒体直径相符,所述球囊的锥形尖端采用硅橡胶材质,所述球囊外表面涂覆有亲水涂层。
优选的,所述针管靠近第二通槽的一端固接有针头,所述针头上套设弹簧,所述弹簧的一端固定连接筒体的内侧面,所述弹簧的另一端连接针管。
优选的,所述取石筒的内径为5-8mm,所述吸引管的内径为6-7mm。
优选的,所述硅橡胶中基胶的加入量为20-40%,白炭黑的加入量为8-10%,所述硅橡胶的撕裂强度为3.52-3.58KN/m,拉伸强度为2.66-2.87MPa,断裂伸长率为336-339%。
优选的,所述筒体采用镁合金,所述镁合金的成分和含量为:钇3.5-4.3%、钕1.8-2.5%、镧0.3-0.7%、铈0.5-0.6%、钛0.03-0.08%、锆0.4-0.6%、余量为镁。
优选的,所述镁合金的弹性模量为E为43.6-44.5GPa,屈服强度σ为150-180MPa,切向模量G为200-280Mpa,表面粗糙度Ra为10-20μm,泊松比υ为0.19-0.28。
优选的,所述镁合金的弹性模量、切向模量、表面粗糙度和泊松比之间满足57.9≤(E+G)/(Ra·υ)≤128.2。
优选的,所述镁合金的弯曲应力F满足:
F=σ(E+G)/ E·G +[(σ-σs)/k]1/n;
其中,k、n为材料常数,σs为材料的屈服极限。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明提供的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,将筒体通过胆囊管放置于合适位置后,通过给通风管充气以使球囊扩张,将筒体固定于胆总管内,胆道镜通过筒体进入胆总管爆破碎石,至结石直径小于筒体内径后,一方面通过胆道镜取石网取出较大结石,另一方面经由筒体置入吸引管,通过向左推动吸收引管,结合网篮通过吸引器吸出小结石,胆道镜检查无结石后通过注射器给球囊放气,实现了大块结石的包裹和残余小块结缔的切除和夹取,通过向右拉动吸收管将结石取出收回到筒体内的同时针管从第二通槽内伸出,方便注射药物,功能齐全且视野广。
2、本发明提供的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,球囊尖端质地韧而软,并涂有亲水涂层,易通过狭窄部,避免对胆道壁划伤,有助于推动力传导。
3、本发明提供的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,通过引流管将结石碎片以及浑浊的胆汁进行排除,将生理盐水通过针管注入后,反复对肝胆管进行彻底清洗。
4、本发明提供的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,硅橡胶可与人的皮肤充分接触,其弹性和拉伸强度满足不同角度和折弯程度需求,硅橡胶可随之作出各种形变,配置基胶和白炭黑的加入量,满足硅橡胶的力学性能,使硬度能够满足使用需求,避免出现塌陷。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种肝胆结石的消除装置结构示意图。
图2是本发明一种肝胆结石的消除装置筒体内部示意图。
图3是本发明实施例2示意图。
图中:1、筒体;2、安装板;3、球囊;4、通风管;5、固定环;6、隔板;7、引流管;8、吸引管;9、针管;10、取石筒;11、清洗筒;12、弹簧;13、网篮;14、第一通槽;15、第三通槽;16、第二通槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
结合图1和图2,一种肝胆结石的消除装置,包括筒体1,所述筒体1的右端固定连接有安装板2,所述筒体1的内部设隔板6,所述筒体1内部、贯穿隔板6设取石筒10和清洗筒11,所述取石筒10内设吸引管8,所述吸引管8的一端穿过安装板2设置,所述吸引管8的另一端穿过筒体1左端的第一通槽14,所述清洗筒11内设针管9,所述针管9的一端穿过安装板2设置,所述针管9的另一端穿过筒体1左端的第二通槽16,所述吸引管8靠近第一通槽14的一端连接网篮13,所述筒体1内部贯穿隔板6设引流管7,所述引流管7的一端贯穿安装板2设置,所述引流管7的另一端穿过筒体1左端的第三通槽15设置,通过引流管将结石碎片以及浑浊的胆汁进行排除,将生理盐水通过针管注入后,反复对肝胆管进行彻底清洗,所述针管9靠近第二通槽16的一端固接有针头,所述针头上套设弹簧12,所述弹簧12的一端固定连接筒体1的内侧面,所述弹簧12的另一端连接针管9。
所述筒体1外部设球囊3,所述球囊3的两端尖端为锥形设计,呈逐渐变细状,所述球囊3的锥顶点与筒体1直径相符,所述球囊3的锥形尖端采用硅橡胶材质,所述球囊3外表面涂覆有亲水涂层,所述筒体1的外壁通过固定环5安装有通风管4,所述通风管4的一端贯穿安装板2设置,所述通风管4的另一端连通至球囊3设置,球囊尖端质地韧而软,并涂有亲水涂层,易通过狭窄部,避免对胆道壁划伤,有助于推动力传导。
将筒体通过胆囊管放置于合适位置后,通过给通风管充气以使球囊扩张,将筒体固定于胆总管内,胆道镜通过筒体进入胆总管爆破碎石,至结石直径小于筒体内径后,一方面通过胆道镜取石网取出较大结石,另一方面经由筒体置入吸引管,通过向左推动吸收引管,结合网篮通过吸引器吸出小结石,胆道镜检查无结石后通过注射器给球囊放气,实现了大块结石的包裹和残余小块结缔的切除和夹取。
吸引管可采用质韧的塑料管,可塑性好,且吸引管的外径要小于取石筒的内径,以便可以穿设在取石筒内,吸引管的一端可连接于常规使用的吸引器,另一远端可通过取石筒置入胆总管内。
实施例2
结合图1和图3,取石完成后,网篮经吸引管收缩至取石筒内,向左推动针管,针头压缩弹簧经第三通槽伸出,方便注射药物,控制进水量。反复充水数次,每次间隔数分钟,胆道镜检查无结石后通过注射器给球囊放气,将整个装置退出胆囊及胆总管,通过向右拉动吸收管将结石取出收回到筒体内的同时针管从第二通槽内伸出,方便注射药物,功能齐全且视野广,吸引管、引流管和针管同时穿在筒体内,结构简单,使用方便,便于经小空间的胆囊管取出较大结石及多发小结石,且球囊膨胀后可隔离胆总管与肝总管、肝内胆管,避免结石经胆总管漂入肝总管或肝内胆管,避免取石困难或无法取出结石,也避免因结石无法取出或取石不确切所致的放置T管而给患者增加的痛苦,利于患者早日康复。
实施例3
在实施例1的基础上,所述球囊采用硅橡胶,所述硅橡胶中基胶的加入量为20-40%,白炭黑的加入量为8-10%,所述硅橡胶的撕裂强度为3.52-3.58KN/m,拉伸强度为2.66-2.87MPa,断裂伸长率为336-339%。
硅橡胶可与胆管充分接触,其弹性和拉伸强度满足不同胆管处的角度和折弯程度需求,硅橡胶可随之作出各种形变,配置基胶和白炭黑的加入量,满足硅橡胶的力学性能,使硬度能够满足使用需求,避免出现塌陷。
所述筒体采用镁合金,所述镁合金的成分和含量为:钇3.5-4.3%、钕1.8-2.5%、镧0.3-0.7%、铈0.5-0.6%、钛0.03-0.08%、锆0.4-0.6%、余量为镁,优选的,所述镁合金的组成为Mg-4.2Y-2.4Nd-0.6Ce(La)-0.5Zr。
所述镁合金的弹性模量为E为43.6-44.5GPa,屈服强度σ为150-180MPa,切向模量G为200-280MPa;表面粗糙度Ra为10-20μm,泊松比υ为0.19-0.28。
所述镁合金的弹性模量、切向模量、表面粗糙度和泊松比之间满足57.9≤(E+G)/(Ra·υ)≤128.2。
所述镁合金的弯曲应力F满足:F=σ(E+G)/ E·G +[(σ-σs)/k]1/n;其中,k、n为材料常数,σs为材料的屈服极限。
取石装置应实现轻量化,避免使用过程中对胆管造成压力,影响取石的角度,通过设置镁合金的材料比例及各项性质的范围和关系,以保证工具的轻量化,并保证强度和使用耐久度,提高工具的疲劳寿命和耐腐蚀性。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的保护范围内所做的任何修改,等同替换等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:包括筒体(1),所述筒体(1)的右端固定连接有安装板(2),所述筒体(1)的内部设隔板(6),所述筒体(1)外部设球囊(3),所述筒体(1)内部、贯穿隔板(6)设取石筒(10)和清洗筒(11),所述取石筒(10)内设吸引管(8),所述吸引管(8)的一端穿过安装板(2)设置,所述吸引管(8)的另一端穿过筒体(1)左端的第一通槽(14),所述清洗筒(11)内设针管(9),所述针管(9)的一端穿过安装板(2)设置,所述针管(9)的另一端穿过筒体(1)左端的第二通槽(16)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述吸引管(8)靠近第一通槽(14)的一端连接网篮(13)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述筒体(1)内部贯穿隔板(6)设引流管(7),所述引流管(7)的一端贯穿安装板(2)设置,所述引流管(7)的另一端穿过筒体(1)左端的第三通槽(15)设置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述筒体(1)的外壁通过固定环(5)安装有通风管(4),所述通风管(4)的一端贯穿安装板(2)设置,所述通风管(4)的另一端连通至球囊(3)设置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述球囊(3)的两端尖端为锥形设计,呈逐渐变细状,所述球囊(3)的锥顶点与筒体(1)直径相符,所述球囊(3)的锥形尖端采用硅橡胶材质,所述球囊(3)外表面涂覆有亲水涂层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述针管(9)靠近第二通槽(16)的一端固接有针头,所述针头上套设弹簧(12),所述弹簧(12)的一端固定连接筒体(1)的内侧面,所述弹簧(12)的另一端连接针管(9)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆结石的消除装置,其特征在于:所述取石筒(10)的内径为5-8mm,所述吸引管(8)的内径为6-7mm。
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