CN111528885B - 一种基于能谱增强ct的图像处理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，利用能谱CT技术采集注射碘对比剂后患者头部的增强能谱像，并对能谱像进行计算机图像处理，从而可以更敏感的得到碘对比剂分布较低的区域，即患者缺血性卒中血管堵塞后引起的梗死区域，实现对血管闭塞后中风患者的梗死区域的精准定位。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于计算机图像技术领域，涉及一种图像处理方法，具体是一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法。
背景技术
脑动脉的急性或慢性闭塞会使部分脑组织得不到充足的血液供应而梗死，从而形成缺血型卒中。缺血型卒中的急性期影像学检查中，常使用计算机断层成像(ComputerTomography)平扫(non-contrast enhancedCT)以及注射碘对比剂后的计算机断层增强成像(CTA)来进行脑组织梗死位置的诊断，其中，梗死区域一般会以低密度影呈现，即在影像上相对健康脑组织更暗。
然而，无论是CT平扫还是CTA，对梗死区域的诊断敏感性都不足够，很难界定低密度影的范围并量化其体积。因此，使用计算机断层扫描动态灌注成像(ComputerTomography Perfusion Imaging，CTP)来计算CBF(Cerebral Blood Flow)、CBV(CerebralBlood Volume)、TMAX(Time to maxenhancement)、TTP(Time to Peak)等参数图，再进一步的对这些参数图进行阈值处理，经过实验发现，可以认为CBF小于30％中位数的区域为核心梗死区，该种扫描需要128排(256层)并配有摇篮床的CT扫描仪，该种扫描仪价格昂贵，没有得到很好的普及，大部分医疗机构在急诊时，CT扫描还局限于传统的平扫像及增强像两种，无法开展CTP灌注成像。此外，这种对于梗死核心区的CBF阈值假定是基于循证医学多中心随机对照试验的统计结果，并没有直接反映脑组织的生理特性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，利用能谱计算机断层成像在头部的增强能谱像的处理，以定位血管闭塞后中风患者的梗死区域。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，对患者注射碘对比剂进行动脉期CTA造影后，利用能谱CT技术，延迟3-7秒采集延迟期的能谱像，所述能谱像的每一个体素点均为CT值(HU)-x线能量(KeV)曲线；
步骤S2，截取能谱像任一体素点的CT值-x线能量曲线中25keV至70keV的部分，并求截取部分曲线的一阶导数曲线；
步骤S3，对该一阶导数曲线进行傅里叶变换，将频率等于0时的取值的倒数作为该体素点的低灌注参数；
步骤S4，遍历所有体素点，利用所有体素点的低灌注参数形成低灌注参数图，并与原始影像进行融合叠加；
步骤S5，去除骨骼脑脊液区域，阈值处理该低灌注参数图，得到低灌注参数高于预设阈值的区域，量化该区域的体积，得到患者的梗死区域，完成对血管闭塞后中风患者梗死区域的定位。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供了一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，利用能谱CT技术采集注射碘对比剂后患者头部的增强能谱像，并对能谱像进行计算机图像处理，从而可以更敏感的得到碘对比剂分布较低的区域，即患者缺血性卒中血管堵塞后引起的梗死区域，实现对血管闭塞后中风患者的梗死区域的精准定位。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
图1是本发明的方法流程图。
图2是碘原子随光子能量增强的线衰减系数曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“开孔”、“上”、“下”、“厚度”、“顶”、“中”、“长度”、“内”、“四周”等指示方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的组件或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，对血管闭塞后中风患者注射碘对比剂进行动脉期CTA造影后，利用能谱CT技术，延迟3-7秒采集延迟期的能谱像。
其中，能谱CT技术是指利用双层探测器得到任意体素点的各能级的CT值，在注射碘对比剂后，使用能谱或双能量CT可以得到所谓碘图成像(iodine mapping)，即碘对比剂在组织中的分布情况。
其中，能谱像的每一个体素点均为CT值(HU)-x线能量(KeV)曲线。
研究表明，碘原子随光子能量增强的线衰减系数在40keV光子能级时，有一个阶跃上升，即所谓的k-edge，如图2所示，从而，可以利用双能量CT在40KeV能量附近进行成像，捕捉到该衰减系数的上升以得到更敏感的碘对比剂的分布情况。
步骤S2，截取能谱像任一体素点的CT值-x线能量曲线中25keV至70keV的部分，并求截取部分曲线的一阶导数曲线。
步骤S3，对该一阶导数曲线进行傅里叶变换，将频率等于0时的取值的倒数作为该体素点的低灌注参数。
步骤S4，遍历所有体素点，利用所有体素点的低灌注参数形成低灌注参数图，并与原始影像进行融合叠加。
步骤S5，去除骨骼脑脊液区域，阈值处理该低灌注参数图，得到低灌注参数高于预设阈值的区域，量化该区域的体积，得到患者的梗死区域，完成对血管闭塞后中风患者梗死区域的定位。
本发明提供了一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，利用能谱CT技术采集注射碘对比剂后患者头部的增强能谱像，并对能谱像进行计算机图像处理，从而可以更敏感的得到碘对比剂分布较低的区域，即患者缺血性卒中血管堵塞后引起的梗死区域，实现对血管闭塞后中风患者的梗死区域的精准定位。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明结构所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种基于能谱增强CT的图像处理方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，对血管闭塞后中风患者注射碘对比剂进行动脉期CTA造影后，利用能谱CT技术，延迟3-7秒采集延迟期的能谱像，所述能谱像的每一个体素点均为CT值(HU)-x线能量(KeV)曲线；
步骤S2，截取能谱像任一体素点的CT值-x线能量曲线中25keV至70keV的部分，并求截取部分曲线的一阶导数曲线；
步骤S3，对该一阶导数曲线进行傅里叶变换，将频率等于0时的取值的倒数作为该体素点的低灌注参数；
步骤S4，遍历所有体素点，利用所有体素点的低灌注参数形成低灌注参数图，并与原始影像进行融合叠加；
步骤S5，去除骨骼脑脊液区域，阈值处理该低灌注参数图，得到低灌注参数高于预设阈值的区域，量化该区域的体积，得到患者的梗死区域，完成对血管闭塞后中风患者梗死区域的定位。
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