CN111527688A - Voltage conversion circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger - Google Patents

Voltage conversion circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111527688A
CN111527688A CN201980006628.3A CN201980006628A CN111527688A CN 111527688 A CN111527688 A CN 111527688A CN 201980006628 A CN201980006628 A CN 201980006628A CN 111527688 A CN111527688 A CN 111527688A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
port
capacitor
transistor
sub
magnetic
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CN201980006628.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈丽君
赵德琦
吴壬华
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication of CN111527688A publication Critical patent/CN111527688A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/26—Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H01F27/266—Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger, wherein an input circuit is connected with a first end of a magnetic element, a second end of the magnetic element is connected with an output circuit, and a first sub-input circuit is connected with a second sub-input circuit in series; capacitor CSThe high-voltage signal input into the first sub input circuit and the second sub input circuit is equally divided; the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit respectively generate a first electric signal and a second electric signal based on an input high-voltage signal, the first electric signal and the second electric signal are the same in size, the first electric signal and the second electric signal respectively generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the magnetic element, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux are the same in size and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by superposition of the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element, and the induced electromotive force generates induced electromotive force through the secondary winding of the magnetic elementThe output circuit generates a low voltage signal. By adopting the embodiment of the application, the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit can be improved.

Description

Voltage conversion circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger.
Background
At present, an active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit is a circuit suitable for occasions with high conversion power, low output voltage and high output current, and has the excellent characteristics of simple circuit topology, small voltage spike, zero-voltage switch and the like, so that the active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit is widely applied to direct-current conversion occasions with medium and small power. Since the maximum input voltage of the active clamp forward and reverse excitation integrated circuit is limited, the active clamp forward and reverse excitation integrated circuit needs to be further optimized in order to improve the adaptation range of the input voltage of the active clamp forward and reverse excitation integrated circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger, which is used for improving the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger, which comprises an input circuit, a magnetic element and an output circuit, wherein the input circuit comprises a first sub-input circuit and a second sub-input circuit, and the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit share a capacitor CsThe magnetic element comprises a first port of the primary winding, a second port of the primary winding, a third port of the primary winding and a fourth port of the primary winding, wherein:
the input circuit is connected with a first end of the magnetic element, a second end of the magnetic element is connected with the output circuit, the first sub-input circuit is connected with the second sub-input circuit in series, the first sub-input circuit is respectively connected with a first port of the primary winding and a second port of the primary winding, and the second sub-input circuit is respectively connected with a third port of the primary winding and a fourth port of the primary winding;
the above-mentionedCapacitor CsThe high-voltage signals input into the first sub input circuit and the second sub input circuit are equally divided;
the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit respectively generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal based on an input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal have the same magnitude, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal respectively generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the magnetic element, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux have the same magnitude and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by superposition of the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates an induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element, and the induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the output circuit.
In one embodiment, the magnetic element comprises a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, a first coil, a second coil, a third coil, and a fourth coil, wherein:
the first magnetic core comprises a first magnetic column, a second magnetic column, a third magnetic column and a first transverse column, and the first transverse column is respectively connected with the same end of the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column and the third magnetic column; the second magnetic core comprises a fourth magnetic column, a fifth magnetic column, a sixth magnetic column and a second transverse column, and the second transverse column is respectively connected with the same end of the fourth magnetic column, the fifth magnetic column and the sixth magnetic column;
the second magnetic columns and the fifth magnetic columns are opposite to each other and are in contact with each other in pairs to form a central column; the first magnetic column and the fourth magnetic column are opposite and not contacted pairwise to form a first side column; the third magnetic column and the sixth magnetic column are opposite and not contacted pairwise to form a second side column;
the first coil and the second coil are wound on the central column, and the number of turns and the winding direction of the first coil and the second coil are the same; the third coil with the fourth coil coiling is in on the second horizontal pole, just the third coil with the number of turns and the winding direction of fourth coil are all the same.
In one embodiment, the area of the center pillar is equal to the sum of the area of the first side pillar and the area of the second side pillar, and the area of the first side pillar is half of the area of the second side pillar.
In one embodiment, a first air gap is formed between the first magnetic pillar and the fourth magnetic pillar, a second air gap is formed between the third magnetic pillar and the sixth magnetic pillar, and the width of the first air gap is half of the width of the second air gap.
In one embodiment, the ratio of the area of the first side post to the area of the second side post is equal to the ratio of the width of the first air gap to the width of the second air gap.
In one embodiment, the first sub-input circuit comprises a resistor R1Capacitor C1Capacitor C2The capacitor Cs and the transistor Q1And a transistor Q2Wherein:
the resistor R1First terminal of and the capacitor C1Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C1And the second terminal of the transistor Q1Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q1And the transistor Q2Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q2Is connected to a first end of the capacitor Cs, a second end of the capacitor Cs is connected to the resistor R1Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C2Respectively with the resistor R1And said capacitor C1Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C2Respectively with the resistor R1And a second terminal of the capacitor Cs, a first port of the first sub-input circuit being connected to the resistor R, respectively1First terminal of, said capacitor C1And said capacitor C2Is connected to the first terminal of the first sub-input circuit, and the second terminal of the first sub-input circuit is respectively connected to the resistor R1A second terminal of the capacitor Cs and the capacitor C2Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second sub-input circuit comprises a resistor R2The capacitor CSElectricity, electricityContainer C3Capacitor C4Transistor Q3And a transistor Q4Wherein:
the resistor R2First terminal of and the capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor CSFirst terminal of and the capacitor C3Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C3And the second terminal of the transistor Q3Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q3And the transistor Q4Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q4Source electrode of and the resistor R2Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively with the resistor R2And said capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively with the resistor R2And said transistor Q4The first port of the second sub-input circuit is respectively connected with the resistor R2First terminal of, said capacitor CSAnd said capacitor C4Is connected to the first terminal of the first sub-input circuit, and the second terminal of the second sub-input circuit is connected to the resistor R2Second terminal of, said transistor Q4And the capacitor C4Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second port of the first sub-input circuit is connected with the first port of the second sub-input circuit, and the first port of the first sub-input circuit and the second port of the second sub-input circuit are used for connecting an input voltage source.
In one embodiment, the first port of the second coil is a first port of the primary winding, the second port of the second coil is a second port of the primary winding, and the first port of the primary winding and the resistor R are respectively connected to the first port of the primary winding and the second port of the second coil1First terminal of, said capacitor C1And said capacitor C2Is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the second ports of the primary windings are respectively connected to the transistors Q1And the transistor Q2Is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor;
the first port of the first coil is the second port of the primary windingA second port of the first coil is a fourth port of the primary winding, and third ports of the primary winding and the transistor Q are respectively connected2Source electrode of, the capacitor CSAnd said capacitor C3Is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the fourth port of the primary winding is respectively connected to the transistors Q3And the transistor Q4Is connected to the drain of (1).
In one embodiment, the output circuit includes a transistor Q5Transistor Q6And a capacitor C5The magnetic element further comprises a first port of the secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding, a third port of the secondary winding, and a fourth port of the secondary winding, wherein:
the first port of the third coil is the first port of the secondary winding, the second port of the third coil is the second port of the secondary winding, the first port of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5The positive pole of the capacitor C is connected5And the negative electrode of the transistor Q5The source connection of said transistor Q5The drain electrode of the secondary winding is connected with the second port of the secondary winding;
the first port of the fourth coil is a third port of the secondary winding, the second port of the fourth coil is a fourth port of the secondary winding, and the third port of the secondary winding is respectively connected with the first port of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5Is connected with the positive pole of the transistor Q, and the fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the transistor Q6Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q6Respectively with said transistor Q5And the capacitor C5Is connected to the negative electrode of (1).
In one embodiment, the first and second cores are PQ-type power cores.
A second aspect of the present application provides a switching power supply, where the switching power supply includes the voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger described in the foregoing embodiment.
It can be seen that in the embodiments of the present application, the input circuit and the magnetic circuitThe first end of the element is connected, the second end of the magnetic element is connected with the output circuit, the first sub-input circuit is connected with the second sub-input circuit in series, the first sub-input circuit is respectively connected with the first port and the second port of the primary winding of the magnetic element, the second sub-input circuit is respectively connected with the third port and the fourth port of the primary winding of the magnetic element, and the capacitor CSThe first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit respectively generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal based on the input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal have the same magnitude, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal respectively generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the same direction in a magnetic element, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux have the same magnitude and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by superposition of the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element, and the induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through an output circuit. Compared with the method that an active clamping positive and negative excitation integrated circuit is adopted to bear the input high voltage, the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit are used for equally dividing the input high voltage, so that the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit can be improved; furthermore, compared with the adoption of two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits, the adaptive range of the input voltage of the circuit is improved, and the two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits correspond to two magnetic elements.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present application, the drawings referred to in the embodiments or the background art of the present application will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit of a first integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit of a second integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a first current direction provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a second current direction provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic element shown in FIG. 2A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the input circuit shown in FIG. 2A;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output circuit shown in fig. 2A.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, system, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In the prior art, the maximum input voltage of the active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit is about 750V, which cannot meet the requirement of higher input voltage, in order to improve the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit, a feasible implementation manner is to use two active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuits, the two active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuits are respectively a first active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit and a second active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit, the first active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit comprises a first input circuit, a first magnetic element and a first output circuit, the second active clamp positive and negative excitation integrated circuit comprises a second input circuit, a second magnetic element and a second output circuit, the first input circuit and the second input circuit are connected in series, the first output circuit and the second output circuit are connected in series to form a third output circuit, the higher input voltage is jointly carried by the first input circuit and the second input circuit, the first input circuit carries a first voltage, the second input circuit carries a second voltage, the first voltage generates a first voltage signal in the first input circuit, the second voltage generates a second voltage signal in the second input circuit, the first voltage signal generates a first magnetic flux in the first magnetic element, the second voltage signal generates a second magnetic flux in the second magnetic element, the first magnetic flux generates a first induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the first magnetic element, the second magnetic flux generates a second induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the second magnetic element, and a third induced electromotive force formed by superposition of the first induced electromotive force and the second induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the third output circuit. This possible implementation requires two magnetic elements, and the embodiment of the present application only uses one magnetic element, so that the cost of the circuit can be saved, and the volume and weight of the circuit can be reduced.
The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit of a first integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger includes an input circuit 200, a magnetic element 300 and an output circuit 400,the input circuit 200 comprises a first sub-input circuit 210 and a second sub-input circuit 220, the first sub-input circuit 210 and the second sub-input circuit 220 share a capacitor CsThe magnetic element 300 includes a first port 310 of the primary winding, a second port 320 of the primary winding, a third port 330 of the primary winding, and a fourth port 340 of the primary winding, wherein:
the input circuit 200 is connected with the first end of the magnetic element 300, the second end of the magnetic element 300 is connected with the output circuit 400, the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected with the second sub-input circuit 220 in series, the first sub-input circuit 210 is respectively connected with the first port 310 of the primary winding and the second port 320 of the primary winding, and the second sub-input circuit 220 is respectively connected with the third port 330 of the primary winding and the fourth port 340 of the primary winding;
capacitor CsFor equally dividing the high voltage signals inputted to the first sub input circuit 210 and the second sub input circuit 220;
the first sub input circuit 210 and the second sub input circuit 220 generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal respectively based on the input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal have the same magnitude, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux respectively in the magnetic element 300, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux have the same magnitude and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by overlapping the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates an induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element 300, and the induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the output circuit 400.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, compared with the case that one active clamp forward and reverse excitation integrated circuit is used to carry the input high voltage, the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit of the embodiment of the present application share the input high voltage, so that the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit can be improved; furthermore, compared with the adoption of two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits, the adaptive range of the input voltage of the circuit is improved, and the two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits correspond to two magnetic elements.
Referring to fig. 2A, fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage conversion circuit of a second integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger includes an input circuit 200, a magnetic element 300, and an output circuit 400, the input circuit 200 includes a first sub-input circuit 210 and a second sub-input circuit 220, and the first sub-input circuit 210 and the second sub-input circuit 220 share a capacitor CsThe magnetic element 300 includes a first port 310 of the primary winding, a second port 320 of the primary winding, a third port 330 of the primary winding, and a fourth port 340 of the primary winding, wherein:
the input circuit 200 is connected with the first end of the magnetic element 300, the second end of the magnetic element 300 is connected with the output circuit 400, the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected with the second sub-input circuit 220 in series, the first sub-input circuit 210 is respectively connected with the first port 310 of the primary winding and the second port 320 of the primary winding, and the second sub-input circuit 220 is respectively connected with the third port 330 of the primary winding and the fourth port 340 of the primary winding;
capacitor CsFor equally dividing the high voltage signals inputted to the first sub input circuit 210 and the second sub input circuit 220;
the first sub input circuit 210 and the second sub input circuit 220 generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal respectively based on the input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal have the same magnitude, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux respectively in the magnetic element 300, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux have the same magnitude and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by overlapping the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates an induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element 300, and the induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the output circuit 400.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, compared with the case that one active clamp forward and reverse excitation integrated circuit is used to carry the input high voltage, the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit of the embodiment of the present application share the input high voltage, so that the adaptation range of the input voltage of the circuit can be improved; furthermore, compared with the adoption of two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits, the adaptive range of the input voltage of the circuit is improved, and the two active clamping forward and reverse excitation integrated circuits correspond to two magnetic elements.
The following describes the operation flow of the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the integrated vehicle charger in detail based on fig. 2A.
First, since the first sub-input circuit 210 and the second sub-input circuit 220 have the same configuration, the internal component parameters of the two sub-input circuits are also the same. For example, the resistance R1And a resistor R2The resistance values of the components are the same, and the rest of the components are understood to be the same and are not described in detail herein. Next, in the input circuit 200, the transistor Q1And transistor Q3Synchronously switched on or off, transistor Q2And transistor Q4Synchronously switched on or off. In other words, the transistor Q1Gate of and transistor Q3The same signal is applied to the gate of the transistor Q2Gate of and transistor Q4The signals switched on by the gates of the same. In addition, the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected in series with the second sub-input circuit 220 so that the voltage division of the input signal by the two sub-input circuits is the same.
Further, the work flow of the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger includes four stages in one cycle, specifically as follows:
the first stage is as follows: transistor Q1Transistor Q3In the off state, the transistor Q2Transistor Q4Is in a conducting state.
In the first stage, the current directions of the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are as shown in fig. 2B, the number of turns and the winding direction of the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are the same, the direction of the magnetic flux generated in the center pole 21 is also the same, and the magnetic flux in the center pole 21 tends to increase to the right. The magnetic flux in the center pole 21 is shunted into the first side pole 22 and the second side pole 23, and induced electromotive force is generated in the third coil 41 and the fourth coil 42. In the fourth coil 42The induced electromotive force generated is transmitted to the transistor Q6Off, and therefore no current is generated. The first coil 11, the second coil 12 and the fourth coil 42 constitute a flyback transformer. At the transistor Q2Transistor Q4The first coil 11, the second coil 12 and the fourth coil 42 do not transfer energy during the conduction process, and the generated magnetic field energy is stored in the second air gap 32. The induced electromotive force generated by the third coil 41 causes the transistor Q to be turned on5Is turned on in the transistor Q5And a capacitor C5Generates an induced current in the loop. The first coil 11, the second coil 12 and the third coil 41 form a forward coupling. Energy is transmitted from the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 to the third coil 41 through the second lateral column 361, and the magnetic flux in the second lateral column 361 is the magnetic flux generated by the excitation inductance.
In this process, since the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are wound on the central pole 21, the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 have the same number of turns and the same winding direction, and therefore, the induced electromotive forces generated by the two coils are also the same. At the transistor Q2And a transistor Q4In the process of conduction, the capacitor C3Is equal to the voltage of the second coil 12, capacitor C4Is equal to the voltage of the first coil 11. Since the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are coupled together with equal turns, the capacitor C3And a capacitor C4The voltage will remain consistent throughout the discharge. Capacitor C3And a capacitor C4The same energy is released through two identical coils coupled together during the entire discharge process, so that the capacitance C3And a capacitor C4The voltage is still kept consistent in the whole discharging process, and the automatic balancing function is achieved.
And a second stage: transistor Q1Transistor Q3In the off state, the transistor Q2Transistor Q4In an off state.
In the second phase, the current of the second coil 12 is supplied to the transistor Q2The junction capacitor of (1) charging the transistor Q2Gradually increases in voltage. At the same time, the transistor Q1In the discharge of the junction capacitor of the transistor Q1The voltage of (2) drops. When the transistor Q2Voltage of (C) capacitor3Voltage + capacitance C1Voltage of, transistor Q1When the voltage of (3) is equal to 0, the transistor Q1The body diode is turned on, now to the transistor Q1Applying a driving voltage to make the transistor Q1Conducting at zero voltage.
Current of the first coil 11 to the transistor Q4The junction capacitor of (1) charging the transistor Q4The voltage of (2) rises. At the same time, the transistor Q3In the discharge of the junction capacitor of the transistor Q3The voltage of (2) drops. When the transistor Q4Voltage of (C) capacitor4Voltage + capacitance C2Voltage of, transistor Q3When the voltage of (3) is equal to 0, the transistor Q3The body diode is turned on, now to the transistor Q3Applying a driving voltage to make the transistor Q3Conducting at zero voltage. In the process, the transistor Q5Transistor Q6The transistor is in a commutation state and is simultaneously conducting.
And a third stage: transistor Q2Transistor Q4In the off state, the transistor Q1Transistor Q3Is in a conducting state.
In the third phase, the current directions of the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are shown in fig. 2C, and the second coil 12 passes through the transistor Q which is turned on5To the capacitor C1Charging is performed, and the current tends to decrease. The first coil 11 is passed through the conducting transistor Q6To the capacitor C2Charging is performed, and the current tends to decrease. The magnetic flux in the center post 21 tends to increase to the left. The magnetic flux in the center pole 21 is shunted to the first side pole 22 and the second side pole 23, and in the second side pole 23, the magnetic flux tends to increase upward, and the induced electromotive force generated thereby turns on the transistor Q6. In this process, the energy of the magnetic field originally stored in the second air gap 32 and the capacitance C are used1Capacitor C2The fourth coil 42 is energized. In the first side pole 22, the magnetic flux tends to increase downward, and the induced electromotive force generated thereby is transmitted to the transistor Q5When off, no current is generated.
A fourth stage: transistor Q1Crystal ofTube Q3In the off state, the transistor Q2Transistor Q4In an off state.
In the fourth phase, the first coil 11 supplies the transistor Q3Charging the second coil 12 to the transistor Q1Charging, transistor Q2Transistor Q4Discharge, resulting in transistor Q1Voltage of, transistor Q3Voltage rise of (1), transistor Q2Voltage of, transistor Q4The voltage of (2) drops.
When the transistor Q2Voltage of, transistor Q4After the voltage of (3) becomes 0, the transistor Q2Transistor Q4The diode in the body is turned on to turn on the transistor Q2Voltage of, transistor Q4Is maintained at 0 volts, while the transistor Q is supplied2Transistor Q4Applying a driving voltage so that the transistor Q2Transistor Q4Conducting at zero voltage. In the process, the transistor Q5Transistor Q6And the current conversion state is realized, and the conduction is realized simultaneously.
In one embodiment, the area of the center post 21 is equal to the sum of the area of the first side post 22 and the area of the second side post 23, and the area of the first side post 22 is half the area of the second side post 23.
In one embodiment, a first air gap 31 is formed between the first magnetic pillar 321 and the fourth magnetic pillar 322, a second air gap 32 is formed between the third magnetic pillar 331 and the sixth magnetic pillar 332, and a width of the first air gap 31 is half of a width of the second air gap 32.
In one embodiment, the ratio of the area of the first side post 22 to the area of the second side post 23 is equal to the ratio of the width of the first air gap 31 to the width of the second air gap 32.
In one embodiment, the first port of the second coil 12 is a first port 310 of the primary winding, the second port of the second coil 12 is a second port 320 of the primary winding, and the first port of the primary winding and the resistor R are connected to the first port of the primary winding and the second port of the primary winding respectively1First terminal of (1), capacitor C1First terminal and capacitor C2Are connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the second terminals of the primary windings are respectively connected to the transistors Q1Source electrode ofAnd a transistor Q2Is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor;
the first port of the first coil 11 is a third port 330 of the primary winding, the second port of the first coil 11 is a fourth port 340 of the primary winding, and the third port 330 of the primary winding is respectively connected with the transistor Q2Source electrode and capacitor CSFirst terminal and capacitor C3Are connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the fourth port 340 of the primary winding is connected to the transistor Q, respectively3Source and transistor Q4Is connected to the drain of (1).
In one embodiment, the first and second cores are PQ-type power cores.
The PQ-type power magnetic core has the characteristics of small loss, low temperature rise, good anti-interference performance, reasonable shape and large power range (50W-1000W), can effectively reduce the installation volume, is provided with a plurality of pins, and is convenient to wind and wire.
The input circuit 200 is described with reference to fig. 4, the magnetic element 300 is described with reference to fig. 3, and the output circuit 400 is described with reference to fig. 5.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic element in a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present application, where the magnetic element 300 includes a first magnetic core 350, a second magnetic core 360, a first coil 11, a second coil 12, a third coil 41, and a fourth coil 42, where:
the first magnetic core 350 comprises a first magnetic pillar 321, a second magnetic pillar 311, a third magnetic pillar 331 and a first transverse pillar 351, wherein the first transverse pillar 351 is respectively connected with the same end of the first magnetic pillar 321, the second magnetic pillar 311 and the third magnetic pillar 331; the second magnetic core 360 comprises a fourth magnetic pillar 322, a fifth magnetic pillar 312, a sixth magnetic pillar 332 and a second transverse pillar 361, and the second transverse pillar 361 is respectively connected with the same ends of the fourth magnetic pillar 322, the fifth magnetic pillar 312 and the sixth magnetic pillar 332;
the second magnetic column 311 and the fifth magnetic column 312 are opposite and contact with each other in pairs to form a central column 21; the first magnetic pillar 321 and the fourth magnetic pillar 322 are opposite and do not contact with each other in pairs to form a first side pillar 22; the third magnetic pillar 331 and the sixth magnetic pillar 332 are opposite and not in contact with each other in pairs to form a second side pillar 23;
the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are wound on the central post 21, and the number of turns and the winding direction of the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are the same; third coil 41 and fourth coil 42 are wound on second traverse column 361, and the number of turns and the winding direction of third coil 41 and fourth coil 42 are the same.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an input circuit in a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle charger according to an embodiment of the present application, where the input circuit 200 includes a first sub-input circuit 210 and a second sub-input circuit 220, where:
the first sub-input circuit 210 comprises a resistor R1Capacitor C1Capacitor C2The capacitor Cs and the transistor Q1And a transistor Q2Wherein:
resistance R1First terminal of and capacitor C1Is connected to a first terminal of a capacitor C1Second terminal of and transistor Q1Of the transistor Q1Source and transistor Q of2Of the transistor Q2Is connected to a first terminal of a capacitor Cs, a second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to a resistor R1Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C2Respectively connected with the resistor R1First terminal and capacitor C1Is connected to a first terminal of a capacitor C2Respectively with a resistor R1Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor Cs, and the first port 211 of the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected to the resistor R1First terminal of (1), capacitor C1First terminal and capacitor C2Is connected to the first terminal of the first sub-input circuit 210, and the second port 212 of the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected to the resistor R respectively1Second terminal of capacitor Cs and capacitor C2Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second sub-input circuit 120 includes a resistor R2The capacitor CSCapacitor C3Capacitor C4Transistor Q3And a transistor Q4Wherein:
resistance R2First terminal of and capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor CSFirst terminal of and capacitor C3Is connected to a first terminal of a capacitor C3Second terminal of and transistor Q3Of the transistor Q3Source and transistor Q of4Of the transistor Q4Source and resistor R of2Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively connected with the resistor R2First terminal and capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively with a resistor R2And transistor Q4Is connected to the source of the second sub-input circuit 220, the first port 221 of the second sub-input circuit 220 is connected to the resistor R2First terminal of (1), capacitor CSSecond terminal and capacitor C4Is connected to the first terminal of the second sub-input circuit 220, and the second port 222 of the second sub-input circuit 220 is connected to the resistor R respectively2Second terminal of (1), transistor Q4Source electrode and capacitor C4Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second port 212 of the first sub-input circuit 210 is connected to the first port 221 of the second sub-input circuit 220, and the first port 211 of the first sub-input circuit 210 and the second port 222 of the second sub-input circuit 220 are used for connecting an input voltage source Ui。
Wherein the transistor Q1Transistor Q2Transistor Q3And a transistor Q4Are all field effect transistors.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an output circuit in a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated vehicle charger according to an embodiment of the present application, where the output circuit 400 includes a transistor Q5Transistor Q6And a capacitor C5The magnetic element 300 further includes a first port 411 of the secondary winding, a second port 412 of the secondary winding, a third port 421 of the secondary winding, and a fourth port 422 of the secondary winding, wherein:
the first port of the third coil 41 is the first port 411 of the secondary winding, the second port of the third coil 41 is the second port 412 of the secondary winding, the first port 411 of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5Positive electrode connection of (1), capacitor C5And the cathode of the transistor Q5Of the transistor Q5Of the drain electrodeIs connected with the second port 412 of the secondary winding;
the first port of the fourth coil 42 is the third port 421 of the secondary winding, the second port of the fourth coil 42 is the fourth port 422 of the secondary winding, and the third port 421 of the secondary winding is respectively connected with the first port 411 of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5Is connected to the fourth port 422 of the secondary winding and the transistor Q6Of the transistor Q6Respectively with the transistor Q5Source electrode and capacitor C5The negative electrode of (1) is connected;
in one embodiment, the first port 410 of the output circuit 400 is connected to the first port 411 of the secondary winding, the third port 421 of the secondary winding, and the capacitor C, respectively5And the second port 420 of the output circuit 400 is connected to the transistor Q, respectively5Source electrode of (1), transistor Q6Source electrode and capacitor C5A first port 410 of the output circuit 400 and a second port 420 of the output circuit 400 for connection of an output voltage source Uo。
Wherein the transistor Q5And a transistor Q6Is a field effect transistor.
The embodiment of the application further provides a switching power supply, and the switching power supply comprises the voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger provided by any application embodiment.
The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger in the switching power supply is the same as that of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger described in any of the embodiments of the application, and is not described again here.
It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the embodiments of the present application are described as a series of acts or combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the described order of acts, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present application. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in this application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the above-described division of the units is only one type of division of logical functions, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application with specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in view of the above, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger is characterized by comprising an input circuit, a magnetic element and an output circuit, wherein the input circuit comprises a first sub-input circuit and a second sub-input circuit, and the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit share a capacitor CsThe magnetic element comprises a first port of the primary winding, a second port of the primary winding, a third port of the primary winding and a fourth port of the primary winding, wherein:
the input circuit is connected with a first end of the magnetic element, a second end of the magnetic element is connected with the output circuit, the first sub-input circuit is connected with the second sub-input circuit in series, the first sub-input circuit is respectively connected with a first port of the primary winding and a second port of the primary winding, and the second sub-input circuit is respectively connected with a third port of the primary winding and a fourth port of the primary winding;
the capacitor CsThe high-voltage signals input into the first sub input circuit and the second sub input circuit are equally divided;
the first sub-input circuit and the second sub-input circuit respectively generate a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal based on an input high voltage signal, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal have the same magnitude, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal respectively generate a first magnetic flux and a second magnetic flux in the magnetic element, the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux have the same magnitude and direction, a third magnetic flux formed by superposition of the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux generates an induced electromotive force through a secondary winding of the magnetic element, and the induced electromotive force generates a low voltage signal through the output circuit.
2. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic element comprises a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, a first coil, a second coil, a third coil and a fourth coil, wherein:
the first magnetic core comprises a first magnetic column, a second magnetic column, a third magnetic column and a first transverse column, and the first transverse column is respectively connected with the same end of the first magnetic column, the second magnetic column and the third magnetic column; the second magnetic core comprises a fourth magnetic column, a fifth magnetic column, a sixth magnetic column and a second transverse column, and the second transverse column is respectively connected with the same end of the fourth magnetic column, the fifth magnetic column and the sixth magnetic column;
the second magnetic columns and the fifth magnetic columns are opposite to each other and are in contact with each other in pairs to form a central column; the first magnetic column and the fourth magnetic column are opposite and not contacted pairwise to form a first side column; the third magnetic column and the sixth magnetic column are opposite and not contacted pairwise to form a second side column;
the first coil and the second coil are wound on the central column, and the number of turns and the winding direction of the first coil and the second coil are the same; the third coil with the fourth coil coiling is in on the second horizontal pole, just the third coil with the number of turns and the winding direction of fourth coil are all the same.
3. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 2, wherein the area of the center pillar is equal to the sum of the area of the first side pillar and the area of the second side pillar, and the area of the first side pillar is half of the area of the second side pillar.
4. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 3, wherein a first air gap is formed between the first magnetic column and the fourth magnetic column, a second air gap is formed between the third magnetic column and the sixth magnetic column, and the width of the first air gap is half of the width of the second air gap.
5. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 4, wherein a ratio of an area of the first side column to an area of the second side column is equal to a ratio of a width of the first air gap to a width of the second air gap.
6. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 5, wherein the first sub-input circuit comprises a resistor R1Capacitor C1Capacitor C2The capacitor Cs and the transistor Q1And a transistor Q2Wherein:
the resistor R1First terminal of and the capacitor C1Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C1And the second terminal of the transistor Q1Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q1And the transistor Q2Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q2Is connected to a first end of the capacitor Cs, a second end of the capacitor Cs is connected to the resistor R1Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C2Respectively with the resistor R1And said capacitor C1Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C2Respectively with the resistor R1And a second terminal of the capacitor Cs, a first port of the first sub-input circuit being connected to the resistor R, respectively1First terminal of, said capacitor C1And said capacitor C2Is connected to the first terminal of the first sub-input circuit, and the second terminal of the first sub-input circuit is respectively connected to the resistor R1A second terminal of the capacitor Cs and the capacitor C2Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second sub-input circuit comprises a resistor R2The capacitor CSCapacitor C3Capacitor C4Transistor Q3And a transistor Q4Wherein:
the resistor R2First terminal of and the capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor CSFirst terminal of and the capacitor C3Is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C3And the second terminal of the transistor Q3Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q3And the transistor Q4Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q4Source electrode of and the resistor R2Is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively with the resistor R2And said capacitor CSIs connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C4Respectively with the resistor R2And said transistor Q4The first port of the second sub-input circuit is respectively connected with the resistor R2First terminal of, said capacitor CSAnd said capacitor C4Is connected to the first terminal of the first sub-input circuit, and the second terminal of the second sub-input circuit is connected to the resistor R2Second terminal of, said transistor Q4And the capacitor C4Is connected with the second end of the first end;
the second port of the first sub-input circuit is connected with the first port of the second sub-input circuit, and the first port of the first sub-input circuit and the second port of the second sub-input circuit are used for connecting an input voltage source.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first port of the second coil is a first port of the primary winding, the second port of the second coil is a second port of the primary winding, and the first port of the primary winding is respectively connected to the resistor R1First terminal of, said capacitor C1And said capacitor C2Is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the second ports of the primary windings are respectively connected to the transistors Q1And the transistor Q2Is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor;
the first port of the first coil is a third port of the primary winding, the second port of the first coil is a fourth port of the primary winding, and the third port of the primary winding is respectively connected with the transistor Q2Source electrode of, the capacitor CSAnd said capacitor C3Is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding, and the fourth port of the primary winding is respectively connected to the transistors Q3And the transistor Q4Is connected to the drain of (1).
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the output circuit comprises a transistor Q5Transistor Q6And a capacitor C5The magnetic element further comprises a first port of the secondary winding, a second port of the secondary winding, a third port of the secondary winding, and a fourth port of the secondary winding, wherein:
the first port of the third coil is the first port of the secondary winding, the second port of the third coil is the second port of the secondary winding, the first port of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5The positive pole of the capacitor C is connected5And the negative electrode of the transistor Q5The source connection of said transistor Q5The drain electrode of the secondary winding is connected with the second port of the secondary winding;
the first port of the fourth coil is a third port of the secondary winding, the second port of the fourth coil is a fourth port of the secondary winding, and the third port of the secondary winding is respectively connected with the first port of the secondary winding and the capacitor C5Is connected with the positive pole of the transistor Q, and the fourth port of the secondary winding is connected with the transistor Q6Of said transistor Q, said transistor Q6Respectively with said transistor Q5And the capacitor C5Is connected to the negative electrode of (1).
9. The voltage conversion circuit of the integrated vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 8, wherein the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are PQ-type power magnetic cores.
10. A switching power supply, characterized in that it comprises a voltage conversion circuit of an integrated on-board charger according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN201980006628.3A 2019-07-08 2019-07-08 Voltage conversion circuit of integrated vehicle-mounted charger Pending CN111527688A (en)

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