CN111527575B - DC arc-extinguishing device - Google Patents
DC arc-extinguishing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111527575B CN111527575B CN201880055327.5A CN201880055327A CN111527575B CN 111527575 B CN111527575 B CN 111527575B CN 201880055327 A CN201880055327 A CN 201880055327A CN 111527575 B CN111527575 B CN 111527575B
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- capacitor
- thyristor
- mechanical switch
- arc
- arc extinguishing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
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- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a direct current arc-extinguishing device, in particular to a direct current arc-extinguishing device suitable for arc extinction of mechanical contacts such as mechanical switches, and the like.A first mechanical switch required to extinguish arc is connected with a first load in series and comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the second capacitor, the trigger electrode of the first thyristor and the cathode of the first thyristor form a first series circuit, the first series circuit is connected with the first mechanical switch in parallel, and in the disjunction process of the first mechanical switch, the first capacitor forms a discharge loop through the first thyristor and the first load and is used for disjunction and arc extinction of the first mechanical switch. The arc extinguishing device has the advantages of reasonable design, good isolation, good arc extinguishing effect and simple circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direct current arc extinguishing device, in particular to a direct current arc extinguishing device which is suitable for quickly extinguishing arc of mechanical contacts such as mechanical switches and the like and can also be used for extinguishing arc of other breakpoints (such as fusing of a fuse link, breakpoints between a plug and a socket and wire breakpoints).
Background
At present, in direct current electrical control systems such as new energy automobiles, rail traffic, ships and automatic control and the like, mechanical switches such as contactors (relays) and the like are generally used for conducting connection and disconnection control on loads, direct current has no zero point, the disconnection electric arc is large, the defect that the electrical service life of the mechanical switch is short exists, and the electrical service life of the mechanical switch is greatly reduced along with the increase of the disconnection voltage of the mechanical switch.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of short electric service life of a mechanical switch in the existing direct current electric control system, and provides a direct current arc-extinguishing device which is good in isolation, good in arc-extinguishing effect and simple in circuit.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a direct current arc-extinguishing device, a first mechanical switch for arc extinction is connected with a first load in series, and comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; the second capacitor, the trigger electrode of the first thyristor and the cathode of the first thyristor form a first series circuit, the first series circuit is connected with the first mechanical switch in parallel, and in the disjunction process of the first mechanical switch, the first capacitor forms a discharge loop through the first thyristor and the first load and is used for disjunction and arc extinction of the first mechanical switch.
The working principle is as follows: in the breaking process of the first mechanical switch, the charging current of the second capacitor triggers the first thyristor to be conducted, the first capacitor forms a discharge loop through the first thyristor and the first load, the voltage between two ends of the first load rises, and the electric field intensity between contacts of the first mechanical switch is rapidly reduced, so that the aim of rapidly extinguishing the arc of the first mechanical switch (namely the aim of non-arc breaking or extremely-short breaking during arcing time) is fulfilled.
The arc extinguishing device has the advantages of reasonable design, good isolation, good arc extinguishing effect and simple circuit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc arc extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dc arc-extinguishing device according to the present invention:
a direct current arc extinguishing device, a first mechanical switch K1 required to extinguish arc is connected with a first load R1 in series, and comprises a first thyristor SCR1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2; the second capacitor C2, the trigger electrode of the first thyristor SCR1 and the cathode of the first thyristor SCR1 form a first series circuit, and the first series circuit is connected with the first mechanical switch K1 in parallel; the second mechanical switch K2 required to extinguish arc is connected with a second load R2 in series, and further comprises a third capacitor C3 and a second thyristor SCR2, the third capacitor C3, a trigger electrode of the second thyristor SCR2 and a cathode of the second thyristor SCR2 form a second series circuit, the second series circuit is connected with the second mechanical switch K2 in parallel, and in the disjunction process of the second mechanical switch K2, the first capacitor C1 forms a discharge loop through the second thyristor SCR2 and the second load R2 and is used for disjunction of the second mechanical switch K2 and arc extinction; the charging circuit also comprises a control unit A, wherein the control unit A is used for detecting the voltage of the first capacitor C1, the control unit A is conducted after the first capacitor C1 is discharged to the first thyristor SCR1 through the first thyristor SCR1 and is cut off, and a charging power supply (input from ends P1 and P2) charges the first capacitor C1 through the control unit A.
A control unit A: the voltage detection circuit comprises a voltage detection pulse signal generator B, a first transistor Q1 (a triode, a field effect transistor or an IGBT and other fully-controlled devices) and a resistor R3, wherein the voltage input end of the voltage detection pulse signal generator B is connected with a first capacitor C1, the output signal of the voltage detection pulse signal generator B is connected to the control end of the first transistor Q1, a charging power supply is connected with the first capacitor C1 through the first transistor Q1, and the charging power supply is connected with the first capacitor C1 through the resistor R3 (the current passing through the resistor R3 is less than the minimum holding current of a first thyristor SCR1 and a second thyristor SCR 2); the working power supply of the voltage detection pulse signal generator B is provided by a charging power supply (or an external power supply), the circuit of the voltage detection pulse signal generator B can be formed by 555 and other integrated circuits matched with related peripheral elements, and the resistor R3 is favorable for keeping the first capacitor C1 in a fully charged state and compensating the loss of the first capacitor C1 in charge storage when the mechanical switch is closed, bounced and arc-extinguished; the voltage detection pulse signal generator B can also adopt a circuit with a built-in microcontroller, AD voltage collection is conveniently performed on the first capacitor C1, the capacity of the first capacitor C1, the load characteristics of the first load R1 and the second load R2 can be detected through the voltage change of the first capacitor C1, the working states (cut-off, conduction and breakdown states) of the first thyristor SCR1, the second thyristor SCR2 and the first transistor Q1 can be detected, and the voltage detection pulse signal generator B can also detect the voltage of the charging power supply.
The working principle is as follows: in the breaking process of the first mechanical switch K1, the charging current of the second capacitor C2 triggers the first thyristor SCR1 to conduct, the first capacitor C1 forms a discharging loop through the first thyristor SCR1 and the first load R1, the voltage between two ends of the first load R1 rises, the electric field strength between contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 rapidly drops, and the purpose of rapidly extinguishing the arc of the first mechanical switch K1 (that is, the purpose of no arc breaking or extremely short arc burning time breaking) is achieved, the first capacitor C1 discharges through the first thyristor SCR1 until the first thyristor SCR1 is cut off, the control unit a conducts (for preventing the first thyristor SCR1 from conducting again, the voltage detection pulse signal generator B controls the conduction of the first transistor Q1 at least 10 microseconds after the first thyristor SCR1 is cut off), the charging power supply (which can adopt a direct current power supply, the direct current power supply can also be directly provided by a main loop power supply of the first mechanical switch K1) is used for fully charging the first capacitor C1 through the first transistor Q1 of the control unit a, the pulse width of the charging voltage detection pulse signal generator B is prepared for rapidly outputting the first capacitor C1 in the process of rapidly extinguishing the arc;
in the closing process of the first mechanical switch K1, the second capacitor C2 discharges through the first mechanical switch K1, when bouncing occurs, the charging current of the second capacitor C2 triggers the first thyristor SCR1 to be conducted, the first capacitor C1 forms a discharging loop through the first thyristor SCR1 and the first load R1, the voltage between two ends of the first load R1 rises, the electric field intensity between contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 rapidly drops, the closing, bouncing and arc extinguishing purposes of the first mechanical switch K1 are achieved, electric charge of the first capacitor C1 is lost in the arc extinguishing process after the first mechanical switch K1 is closed, the charging power supply keeps the first capacitor C1 in a charging state through the resistor R3, the arc extinguishing requirements of the first mechanical switch K1 on arc extinguishing and sufficient arc extinguishing electric charge are provided for arc extinguishing, when the voltage detection pulse signal generator B adopts a circuit with a built-in microcontroller, the resistor R3 can be omitted, the voltage detection pulse signal generator B outputs a narrow pulse signal to control the first transistor Q1 according to data collected by the voltage AD of the first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor C1 is conducted in a supplementary manner;
the working principle of the arc extinguishing process of the second mechanical switch K2 is the same as that of the first mechanical switch K1, and is not repeated herein.
In this embodiment, the charging signal connected to the first capacitor C1 is a pulse charging signal, and when the control unit a is omitted, the first capacitor C1 needs to be connected to the pulse charging signal;
in order to reduce the capacity of the first capacitor C1 and improve the arc extinguishing response speed, a semiconductor device (such as a zener diode or an equivalent device of a zener diode) with a turn-on voltage greater than 5 volts may be respectively connected in series to the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, so that when a gap is generated between contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 (the second mechanical switch K2), the first capacitor C1 starts to discharge, or the voltage of the charging source of the first capacitor C1 may be simultaneously or individually increased, the voltage value of the charging source is in a range of 1 to 1.5 times (greater than 1 time and less than 1.5 times) of the main loop voltage of the first mechanical switch K1 (the second mechanical switch K2), when an arc is generated between contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 (the second mechanical switch K2), the first thyristor SCR1 (the second thyristor SCR 2) is turned on, a reverse voltage (greater than 5 volts) is generated between contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 (the second mechanical switch K2), the contacts of the first mechanical switch K1 (the second mechanical switch K2) are turned on, and the arc extinguishing risk of the rapid arc extinguishing is overcome.
In this embodiment, when the impedance of the first load R1 or the second load R2 is relatively large, in order to increase the secondary response speed of arc extinction, the control unit a may add a discharge circuit to the first capacitor C1, and discharge the first capacitor C1 during the conduction period of the first thyristor SCR1 or the second thyristor SCR2, so that the first thyristor SCR1 or the second thyristor SCR2 is quickly turned off.
The circuit shown in fig. 1 is a working schematic diagram, and in practical application, technical elements may be added, such as a diode connected in parallel in reverse direction between two electrodes (trigger electrode and cathode) of a trigger circuit of the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 when the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series with a resistor for current limiting, and a diode connected in series between the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 for overcoming the influence of closing bounce arc extinguishing reverse voltage on the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR 2; the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 shown in fig. 1 are unidirectional thyristors, and bidirectional thyristors may also be used, and the cathode defined in the present invention may also be represented as equivalent electrodes of the bidirectional thyristor.
While the mechanical switches (the first mechanical switch and the second mechanical switch) are contactors (relays) in the above embodiments, any mechanical break point targeted for arc extinction may also be defined as a mechanical switch in the present invention, such as a fuse, a connector, etc.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the first thyristor is triggered by adopting the coupling of the second capacitor, the first capacitor stores energy and arcs, and the leakage current of the main loop hardly exists in the application of direct current arc extinction, so that the electrical isolation is good.
2. The control unit can judge the working states of the first thyristor and the second thyristor only by detecting the voltage at two ends of the first capacitor, controls the first capacitor to be charged, does not need a mechanical switch to provide a synchronous signal, can perform arc extinguishing on a switch without manual control of a control coil, a travel switch and other mechanical switches, and has wide application range; when the multi-path mechanical switch is used for arc extinction, the first capacitor and the control unit can be multiplexed, and the circuit has the advantages of being simple in circuit, low in cost and high in response speed.
3. The direct current arc-extinguishing device can greatly improve the voltage breaking force and the current breaking force of the mechanical switch, and can adopt the mechanical switch with low cost, low current and low voltage breaking force and small volume to replace the mechanical switch with high cost, high current and high voltage breaking force and large volume.
4. The first capacitor discharges and arcs the first load through the first thyristor, and the thyristor has the advantages of large overload capacity, short conduction time, low cost and no breaking overvoltage caused by zero-crossing cutoff of current.
5. When the voltage fluctuates under the state after the first mechanical switch is turned off, the first thyristor is not conducted, the first thyristor has no temperature rise, and the first capacitor has long electric service life.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a direct current arc control device, the first mechanical switch and the first load series connection of required arc extinguishing, characterized by: the direct current arc extinguishing device comprises a first thyristor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the second capacitor, the trigger electrode of the first thyristor and the cathode of the first thyristor form a first series circuit, the first series circuit is connected with the first mechanical switch in parallel, and in the breaking process of the first mechanical switch, the first capacitor forms a discharge loop through the first thyristor and the first load and is used for breaking and arc extinguishing of the first mechanical switch.
2. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein: the first capacitor is connected with a pulse charging signal.
3. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein: the second capacitor is connected in series with a semiconductor device with a turn-on voltage greater than 5 volts.
4. A dc arc quenching device according to claim 3, wherein: the semiconductor device is a zener diode.
5. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit detects the voltage of the first capacitor, the control unit is switched on after the first capacitor is discharged to the first thyristor through the first thyristor and is cut off, and the charging power supply charges the first capacitor through the control unit.
6. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: after the first capacitor is discharged to the first thyristor through the first thyristor and is cut off, the control unit is conducted after delaying for 10 microseconds at least, and the charging power supply charges the first capacitor through the control unit.
7. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: the working power supply of the control unit is provided by the charging power supply.
8. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: the charging power supply is a direct current power supply.
9. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: the voltage value of the charging power supply is in the interval of 1 to 1.5 times of the main loop voltage of the first mechanical switch.
10. A dc arc quenching device as claimed in claim 9, wherein: when an electric arc is generated between the contacts of the first mechanical switch, the first thyristor is conducted, and the reverse voltage between the contacts of the first mechanical switch is more than 5 volts.
11. A DC arc quenching device as claimed in claim 5, wherein a second mechanical switch to quench arc is connected in series with a second load, characterized in that: the direct-current arc extinguishing device further comprises a third capacitor and a second thyristor, a second series circuit is formed by the third capacitor, a trigger electrode of the second thyristor and a cathode of the second thyristor, the second series circuit is connected with the second mechanical switch in parallel, and in the breaking process of the second mechanical switch, the first capacitor forms a discharging loop through the second thyristor and the second load and is used for breaking and arc extinguishing of the second mechanical switch.
12. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: during the conduction period of the first thyristor, the control unit discharges the first capacitor.
13. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein: the direct current arc extinguishing device further comprises a first transistor, the control unit comprises a voltage detection pulse signal generator and the first transistor, the voltage input end of the voltage detection pulse signal generator is connected with the first capacitor, the output signal of the voltage detection pulse signal generator is connected to the control end of the first transistor, and the charging power supply is connected with the first capacitor through the first transistor.
14. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 13, wherein: the charging power supply is connected with the first capacitor through the resistor.
15. The dc arc extinguishing device according to claim 13, wherein: and a microcontroller is arranged in the voltage detection pulse signal generator.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710828462 | 2017-09-14 | ||
| CN2017108284626 | 2017-09-14 | ||
| CN2018105182362 | 2018-05-27 | ||
| CN201810518236 | 2018-05-27 | ||
| CN201811047117 | 2018-09-08 | ||
| CN201811047117X | 2018-09-08 | ||
| PCT/CN2018/105181 WO2019052458A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2018-09-12 | Direct-current arc-extinguishing apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111527575A CN111527575A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111527575B true CN111527575B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201880055327.5A Active CN111527575B (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2018-09-12 | DC arc-extinguishing device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111527575B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019052458A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114864336B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-07-16 | 河北工业大学 | Arcless relay based on natural current conversion and control method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106024520A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-10-12 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | Electronic arc extinguishing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2197739Y (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-05-17 | 惠州市夏里巴实业公司 | Arc-free contactor |
| TWM349544U (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2009-01-21 | Goodwell Electric Corp | Electronic switch structure capable of eliminating electric arc |
| CN101587786B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2011-07-27 | 沈永年 | Switch arc suppression circuit for switch devices and control method thereof |
| CN105428117B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-06-30 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | Arc extinguishing device |
| US10468207B2 (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2019-11-05 | Qiaoshi Guo | Arc-extinguishing power device driving apparatus and arc extinguishing apparatus |
| CN106847582B (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2018-05-08 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | Arc extinguishing power device driving device and arc-control device |
| CN106783297B (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2018-04-20 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | Direct current arc extinguishing power device driving device and arc-control device |
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2018
- 2018-09-12 CN CN201880055327.5A patent/CN111527575B/en active Active
- 2018-09-12 WO PCT/CN2018/105181 patent/WO2019052458A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106024520A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-10-12 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | Electronic arc extinguishing device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2019052458A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
| CN111527575A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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