CN111525641B - Micro-nano Satellite Pulse Power Supply System Based on Digital Control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control. The system comprises an energy input unit, a main control unit, a super capacitor module and a power output unit, wherein the energy input unit comprises a lithium polymer battery and an input adjusting module; the master control unit and the input adjusting module monitor the bus voltage of the super capacitor module, the master control unit realizes constant voltage and constant current charging control on the super capacitor module, the constant current charging mode is adopted when the voltage is smaller than a set value, and the constant voltage trickle charging mode is adopted when the voltage is larger than the set value. According to the power supply system, the super capacitor is used as a main energy storage device for outputting energy to the load, and the lithium polymer battery is used as a second energy storage device of the power supply system, so that the power density of the power supply system can be improved, and the on-orbit service life of the micro/nano satellite can be prolonged.

Description

Micro-nano Satellite Pulse Power Supply System Based on Digital Control

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite power supply systems, in particular to a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control.

Background technique

With the development of micro-nano satellite technology, the micro-nano satellite has put forward many high-power requirements for the power system, including the micro-nano satellite burning wire unlocking device, the drive of the high-torque momentum wheel during attitude adjustment, the electric propulsion control system, and the whole satellite. heat supply, etc. For micro-nano satellites, the energy storage unit is mainly lithium batteries. For example, when the load power changes pulsatingly, the peak output current generated by the lithium battery will be larger, and the larger peak output current will cause the terminal voltage. Serious impact, and at the same time in the high-power output state for a long time, will inevitably shorten the life of the power system, and also directly affect the on-orbit life of the micro-nano satellite.

Supercapacitors are a new type of physical energy storage device mainly based on electrostatic field energy storage. They have excellent characteristics such as high power density, long life, fast charge and discharge, and wide operating temperature range, which are conducive to the lightweight and miniaturization of power supply systems. Designed for applications where pulsed current is supplied. The super capacitor is connected in parallel at the output end of the lithium battery, which reduces the peak output current when the power output unit is equipped with a pulsating load, can effectively suppress the voltage drop of the lithium battery, and improve the dynamic response capability and discharge efficiency of the lithium battery.

Some scholars have carried out corresponding research on the application of supercapacitors in micro-nano satellite power systems. For example, the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN106602694A discloses a supercapacitor-based micro-nano satellite power supply system, the management unit controls the energy transmission module to charge the supercapacitor based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, and the supercapacitor is electrically connected to the load on the satellite through the bus bar. in increasing the power density of the power system. However, the main work of this patent is on the input management of energy, and the output management of energy involves less work; the characteristics of supercapacitors that can generate instantaneous large current have not been fully utilized. Zhao Yan designed a new type of power supply system in his paper "Design of New Power Supply System for Spacecraft". The super capacitor and battery pack combined power supply output, which has certain reference significance for realizing the lightweight and miniaturization of spacecraft power supply. However, the main work of the new power supply system is the timing design of the joint output of the supercapacitor and the battery, and does not involve the management of energy input for charging the supercapacitor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control with strong load capacity, low loss rate and good portability.

The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control, the system includes an energy input unit, a main control unit, a super capacitor module, and a power output unit, wherein the energy input unit includes Lithium polymer battery, input adjustment module, main control unit includes analog quantity acquisition module, control module, super capacitor module includes super capacitor, power output unit includes input selection module, power distribution module, pulse output module and constant power output module;

In the energy input unit:

Lithium polymer battery for powering the whole star load and super capacitor;

The input adjustment module is used to receive the control signal of the control module, adjust the voltage of the secondary bus, and realize the charging control and protection of the super capacitor; send the bus voltage and current signals to the analog acquisition module;

The supercapacitor module is used for system energy storage; the supercapacitor temperature signal is sent to the analog quantity acquisition module; the voltage signal is sent to the input selection module and the power distribution module, respectively, as the control signal of the power supply selection switch and the power distribution switch;

In the main control unit:

The analog quantity acquisition module is used to detect the voltage and current value of the bus and the system output terminal; at the same time, measure the temperature value of the super capacitor; and feed the data back to the control module;

The control module is used to receive and process the feedback data of the analog acquisition module; output the PWM signal to the input adjustment module to realize the intelligent control of supercapacitor charging; output the PWM signal to the constant power output module to realize the control of the constant power output of energy; Send the enable command to the pulse output module to control the system pulse output;

In the power output unit:

The input selection module is electrically connected to the lithium polymer battery; it is used to receive the voltage signal sent by the super capacitor module. When the super capacitor bus voltage is lower than the set value, the lithium battery directly outputs energy to the load;

The power distribution module is electrically connected to the supercapacitor module and the input selection module, provides standard voltage output, and provides working voltage for each platform load; receives the busbar voltage control signal of the supercapacitor module, and the busbar voltage is lower than or higher than the set range. When the capacitor output is cut off, it switches to the lithium battery output mode;

The pulse output module is electrically connected to the supercapacitor module; it is used to receive the enabling signal of the control module and provide energy to the pulsed load;

The constant power output module is electrically connected with the super capacitor module; it is used to receive the PWM signal of the control module, adjust the output voltage, and provide energy to the constant power load.

Further, the main control unit and the input adjustment module monitor the super capacitor bus voltage, and when the voltage is less than the set value, it is in the constant current charging mode, and when the voltage is greater than the set value, it switches to the constant voltage trickle charging mode.

Further, the main control unit realizes the constant voltage and constant current charging control of the super capacitor based on the PID algorithm.

Further, the power distribution module uses a window comparator to control the power supply switch, so that the supercapacitor bus voltage changes within a set threshold, so as to realize low-voltage latching and over-voltage protection of the system output.

Further, the pulse output module uses a Schmitt trigger to control the power supply switch. After the pulse output module receives the enabling command from the control module, the super capacitor module continues to discharge until the bus voltage is lower than the set lower threshold.

Further, the input adjustment module adopts a Sepic topology input adjustment circuit, which specifically includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a second resistor R2, an eighth resistor R8, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first The diode D1 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5; V_IN connects the anode of the first capacitor C1 and the D pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 through the first inductor L1; the S pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is grounded through the eighth resistor R8; The G pole of the NMOS transistor Q5 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the cathode of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the first diode D1 are grounded through the second inductor L2; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second capacitor C2, and Connected to the positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor through the second resistor R2; the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

Further, the power distribution control circuit adopted by the power distribution module specifically includes a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a ninth resistor. R9, the first PMOS transistor Q1, the second NMOS transistor Q2 and the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1; the third resistor R3, the sixth resistor R6 and the ninth resistor R9 are connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded; the positive electrode of the super capacitor V_CAP is connected to the No. 3 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through the third resistor R3; the No. 6 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 is grounded through the ninth resistor R9; the No. 2 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 and The 5th pin is connected, the 1st pin and the 7th pin are connected; VCC is connected to the 1st pin and the 7th pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through the first resistor R1; the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 It is connected to the D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2; the positive pole V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 and the D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2; the S pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 is grounded; the second NMOS transistor Q2 The G pole is grounded through the seventh resistor R7; the constant voltage output enable terminal Voltage_EN is connected to the G pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 through the fifth resistor R5; the constant voltage output terminal Voltage_OUT is connected to the D pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1.

Further, the pulse output module adopts a Schmitt trigger circuit, which specifically includes a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a sixteenth resistor R16, and a seventeenth resistor R16. Resistor R17, the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3, the third PMOS transistor Q3 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the positive electrode V_CAP of the supercapacitor is connected to pin 3 of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 through the thirteenth resistor R13, through the eleventh The resistor R11 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3; the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 is grounded through the fourteenth resistor R14; the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 is connected to the pulse output Enable terminal Pulse_EN; the positive pole of the super capacitor is connected to the S pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3, and is connected to the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 through the tenth resistor R10; the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 The D pole is connected; the S pole of the fourth PMOS transistor is grounded; the G pole of the fourth PMOS transistor is grounded through the seventeenth resistor R17; the pulse output enable terminal Pulse_EN is connected to the G pole of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 through the sixteenth resistor R16.

Further, the constant power output module adopts a constant power output adjustment circuit with a Sepic topology, which specifically includes a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a twelfth resistor R12, a fifteenth resistor R15, a third capacitor C3, and a third capacitor C3. The four capacitors C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the second diode D2 and the sixth NMOS transistor Q6; the positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the positive electrode of the third capacitor C3 and the D electrode of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 through the third inductor L3, and is connected to the The positive pole of the fourth capacitor C4; the negative pole of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the S pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15; the G pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the negative pole of the third capacitor C3 and The anode of the second diode D2 is grounded through the fourth inductor L4; the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the anode of the fifth capacitor C5, and is connected to the constant power output terminal Power_OUT through the twelfth resistor R12; Negative ground.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) as the main energy storage device for external energy output, the super capacitor greatly improves the overall power density of the power supply system and enhances its load capacity; (2) lithium polymer As the second energy storage device of the power supply system, the physical battery can reduce the depth of discharge, which can effectively reduce its loss rate and significantly prolong the on-orbit life of the micro-nano satellite; (3) Distributing different output control modules for different types of loads is beneficial to System energy distribution management, while improving the portability of the power system.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of changes in terminal voltage and charging current during charging of a supercapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of terminal voltage changes, and (b) is a schematic diagram of charging current changes.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output timing sequence of the first and second energy storage devices of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an input adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pulse output control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a constant power output circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.

1, it shows a structural block diagram of a digital control-based micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The power supply system includes an energy input unit 1, a main control unit 2, a super capacitor module 3, Power output unit 4, wherein energy input unit 1 includes lithium polymer battery 1-1, input adjustment module 1-2, main control unit 2 includes analog quantity acquisition module 2-1, control module 2-2, super capacitor module 3 Including a super capacitor, the power output unit 4 includes an input selection module 4-1, a power distribution module 4-2, a pulse output module 4-3 and a constant power output module 4-4.

The energy input unit 1 includes a lithium polymer battery 1-1 and an input adjustment module 1-2.

As the second energy storage device of the system, the lithium polymer battery is electrically connected to the input adjustment module 1-2, and is used to provide electric energy for the super capacitor and the whole satellite load.

The input adjustment module 1-2 is used to receive the control signal of the control module 2-2, adjust the voltage of the secondary bus, control the charging process of the super capacitor, realize the charging control and protection of the super capacitor, and at the same time, the bus current in the charging process, The voltage information is fed back to the main control unit 2 . As a kind of energy storage device, the terminal voltage of supercapacitor increases continuously during the charging process. In order to ensure the charging speed, the output voltage of the input adjustment unit is required to change within a large range. Therefore, Buck-Boost, Cuk, Sepic should be preferred. Equivalent buck-boost DC/DC topology circuit. Figure 4 shows an input conditioning circuit applying the Sepic topology.

As the first energy storage device of the power system, the supercapacitor module 3 has the advantages of high power density, many discharge times, and large discharge depth. load capacity. The supercapacitor module 3 sends the supercapacitor temperature signal to the analog acquisition module 2-1; and sends the voltage signal to the input selection module 4-1 and the power distribution module 4-2, which are used as the power supply selection switch and the power distribution switch respectively. control signal.

2, in a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the charging speed of the supercapacitor and prolong the service life of the supercapacitor, a two-stage charging method is used—“first constant current, then constant voltage”. The output voltage of the input adjustment module 1-2 can be adjusted by the duty cycle of the PWM signal sent by the control module 2-2. In order to eliminate the adverse effect of "peak current" in the early stage of supercapacitor charging, under the condition of ensuring the charging speed, the constant current charging mode is used for charging, and the supercapacitor terminal voltage increases linearly; in order to ensure the cycle life of the supercapacitor, when the supercapacitor terminal voltage is When it is close to the rated voltage, it switches to the constant voltage trickle charging mode, and the charging current decays exponentially to prevent the supercapacitor from being overcharged.

The main control unit 2 includes an analog quantity acquisition module 2-1 and a control module 2-2.

The analog quantity acquisition module 2-1 is used for real-time acquisition of the current and voltage values of the bus and the system output during the charging and constant power output of the supercapacitor, and feedback the collected data to the control module 2-2; it is also used to monitor the temperature of the supercapacitor . Analog data acquisition is the basis for the system to form closed-loop feedback control.

The control module 2-2 is used to process the feedback data sent by the analog acquisition module 2-1, and generate a PWM signal to act on the input adjustment module 1-2 to realize the intelligent control of super capacitor charging; output the PWM signal to the constant power output module 4 -4, to realize the control of constant power output of energy, using digital control method to control the charging process and constant power output process of supercapacitor; it is also used to generate an enabling command to act on the pulse output module 4-3, and the control system can control the pulse type load energy supply.

In a preferred embodiment, the control module 2-2 controls the charging process of the super capacitor based on the PID algorithm. In the constant current charging stage, the analog quantity acquisition module 2-1 collects the output current of the input adjustment module 1-2 and feeds it back to the main control module. The output module adjusts the duty cycle of the output PWM signal and adjusts the output current of the input adjustment module 1-2. The output voltage is used to control the output current; in constant voltage trickle charging, the analog acquisition module 2-1 collects the terminal voltage of the super capacitor. Similarly, the main control module adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the feedback value to ensure that the input adjustment module 1-2 constant voltage output.

The power output unit 4 includes an input selection module 4-1, a power distribution module 4-2, a pulse output module 4-3, and a constant power output module 4-4.

The input selection module 4-1 is electrically connected to the lithium polymer battery 1-1; it is used to receive the voltage signal sent by the supercapacitor module 3, and control the lithium battery to directly output energy to the platform load. When the supercapacitor bus voltage is lower than the set value When the value is reached, the lithium battery directly outputs energy to the load. As the first energy storage device of the power supply system, the supercapacitor module 3 cannot provide energy to the load in the state of undervoltage lockout and overvoltage protection. In order to ensure the normal power supply of the platform load, it should be The energy is directly output from the lithium polymer battery 1-1.

The power distribution module 4-2 is electrically connected to the supercapacitor module 3 and the input selection module 4-1, provides standard voltage output, and provides working voltage for each platform load; receives the busbar voltage control signal of the supercapacitor module 3, the busbar voltage When it is lower or higher than the set range, the capacitor output is cut off and switched to the lithium battery output mode. The power distribution module 4-2 is connected in series between the super capacitor and the platform load, and is used as a control switch for the constant voltage output of the system, while providing a constant voltage to the load to ensure stable and safe operation of the platform load. The module can be divided into two parts: a switch part and a voltage regulator circuit. The switch part uses a window comparator as a switch control circuit. When the supercapacitor terminal voltage is less than the lower threshold or higher than the upper threshold, the output of the supercapacitor is cut off to realize the undervoltage of the capacitor output. Latching and overvoltage protection ensure that the platform load can work stably and safely. Figure 5 shows an example of a power distribution control circuit; the voltage regulator circuit can use a power supply integrated IC to output a fixed voltage, and can choose to output 3.3V, 5V, 12V and other standard voltages.

The pulse output module 4-3 is electrically connected to the super capacitor module 3; it is used for receiving the enabling signal of the control module 2-2 and providing energy to the pulsed load. The pulse output module 4-3 is connected in series between the super capacitor and the pulse type load, and is used as the control switch of the system pulse output. Using the characteristics of high power density of the super capacitor, it can meet the "instantaneous high current" of the pulse type load such as pyrotechnics. "need. In order to avoid excessive discharge of the supercapacitor and affect other loads on the platform, a discharge threshold should be set for the supercapacitor pulse output. After the pulse output module 4-3 receives the enable command from the control module 2-2, when the super capacitor terminal voltage V_CAP is greater than the set value U ₁ , the system starts to output, and the super capacitor terminal voltage V_CAP gradually decreases with the discharge process. When V_CAP is less than the set value U ₂ (U ₂ <U ₁ ), the system stops outputting. In order to realize the pulse output of the system within the set threshold, this embodiment provides a Schmitt trigger circuit as the pulse output control circuit, as shown in FIG. 6 .

The constant power output module 4-4 is electrically connected to the super capacitor module 3; it is used for receiving the PWM signal of the control module 2-2, adjusting the output voltage, and providing energy to the constant power load. The constant power output module 4-4 is used to directly output energy to the power load. In order to improve the portability of the hardware circuit, it is required that the output power can be adjusted according to the needs of the load. Therefore, it is required that the output voltage of the DC/DC circuit used for constant power output can be adjusted according to the needs, and discrete components should be used to build DC/DC conversion. Circuit; in order to maximize the range of adjustable output power, the circuit structure of Buck-boost, Cuk, Sepic and other topologies should be preferred. FIG. 7 shows a constant power output regulation circuit applying the Sepic topology.

Further, the main control unit 2 and the input adjustment module 1-2 monitor the voltage of the super capacitor bus, and when the voltage is less than the set value, it is the constant current charging mode, and when the voltage is greater than the set value, it is switched to the constant voltage trickle charging mode. . The main control unit 2 realizes the constant voltage and constant current charging control of the super capacitor based on the PID algorithm. The power distribution module 4-2 uses a window comparator to control the power supply switch, so that the bus voltage of the super capacitor changes within a set threshold, and realizes low-voltage latching and over-voltage protection of the system output. The pulse output module 4-3 uses a Schmitt trigger to control the power supply switch. After the pulse output module 4-3 receives the enabling command from the control module 2-2, the super capacitor module 3 continues to discharge until the bus voltage is lower than up to the set lower threshold.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in a preferred embodiment, V ₁ and V ₂ are the thresholds for under-voltage lockout and over-voltage protection of the supercapacitor output, respectively, V ₁ <V ₂ . When V ₁ <V_CAP<V ₂ , the system The super capacitor supplies power to the platform load; when V_CAP<V ₁ or V_CAP>V ₂ , the lithium polymer battery 1-1 directly outputs energy to the platform load, ensuring that the system can continuously supply power to the platform load.

Further, in one embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , the above-mentioned input adjustment circuit includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a second resistor R2, an eighth resistor R8, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first A diode D1 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5; V_IN connects the anode of the first capacitor C1 and the D pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 through the first inductor L1; the S pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is grounded through the eighth resistor R8; The G pole of the five NMOS transistors Q5 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the cathode of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the first diode D1 are grounded through the second inductor L2; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second capacitor C2, And connected to the positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor through the second resistor R2; the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

Further, in one embodiment, with reference to FIG. 5 , the above-mentioned power distribution control circuit includes a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, The ninth resistor R9, the first PMOS transistor Q1, the second NMOS transistor Q2 and the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1; the third resistor R3, the sixth resistor R6 and the ninth resistor R9 are connected in series, and the ninth resistor R9 is grounded; the positive electrode of the super capacitor V_CAP Connect to pin 3 of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through a third resistor R3; pin 6 of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 is grounded through a ninth resistor R9; pins 2 and 5 of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 The No. 1 pin is connected to the No. 1 pin and the No. 7 pin is connected; VCC is connected to the No. 1 pin and No. 7 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through the first resistor R1; the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 and The D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 is connected; the supercapacitor positive pole V_CAP is connected to the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 and the D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2; the S pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 is grounded; The G pole is grounded through the seventh resistor R7; the constant voltage output enable terminal Voltage_EN is connected to the G pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 through the fifth resistor R5; the constant voltage output terminal Voltage_OUT is connected to the D pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1.

Further, in one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 , the above-mentioned pulse output control circuit includes a tenth resistor R10 , an eleventh resistor R11 , a thirteenth resistor R13 , a fourteenth resistor R14 , a sixteenth resistor R16 , and a thirteenth resistor R13 . The seventeenth resistor R17, the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3, the third PMOS transistor Q3 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the No. 3 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 through the thirteenth resistor R13, and the The eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3; the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 is grounded through the fourteenth resistor R14; the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MA9017 chip U3 is connected to Pulse output enable terminal Pulse_EN; the positive pole of the super capacitor is connected to the S pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3, and is connected to the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 through the tenth resistor R10; the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 and the fourth NMOS transistor The D pole of Q4 is connected; the S pole of the fourth PMOS transistor is grounded; the G pole of the fourth PMOS transistor is grounded through the seventeenth resistor R17; the pulse output enable terminal Pulse_EN is connected to the G pole of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 through the sixteenth resistor R16 .

Further, in one embodiment, referring to FIG. 7 , the above-mentioned constant power output circuit includes a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a twelfth resistor R12, a fifteenth resistor R15, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the second diode D2 and the sixth NMOS transistor Q6; the anode V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the anode of the third capacitor C3 and the D pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 through the third inductor L3, and is connected to the fourth The positive pole of the capacitor C4; the negative pole of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the S pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15; the G pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the negative pole of the third capacitor C3 and the second pole The anode of the diode D2 is grounded through the fourth inductor L4; the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the anode of the fifth capacitor C5, and is connected to the constant power output terminal Power_OUT through the twelfth resistor R12; the cathode of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded .

To sum up, the micro-nano satellite pulse power power supply system based on digital control provided by the present invention uses the super capacitor as the main energy storage device for outputting energy to the load, and the lithium polymer battery as the second energy storage device of the power supply system, which can improve the power supply system. It can significantly extend the on-orbit life of micro-nano satellites; according to different load types, different management units are allocated to improve the portability of the power system.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. a micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control, is characterized in that, described system comprises energy input unit (1), main control unit (2), super capacitor module (3), power output unit ( 4), wherein the energy input unit (1) includes a lithium polymer battery (1-1), an input adjustment module (1-2), and the main control unit (2) includes an analog quantity acquisition module (2-1), a control module ( 2-2), the super capacitor module (3) includes a super capacitor, and the power output unit (4) includes an input selection module (4-1), a power distribution module (4-2), a pulse output module (4-3) and Constant power output module (4-4); In the energy input unit (1): Lithium polymer battery (1-1) for powering the whole star load and super capacitor; The input adjustment module (1-2) is used to receive the control signal of the control module (2-2), adjust the voltage of the secondary bus, and realize the charging control and protection of the super capacitor; send the bus voltage and current signals to the analog quantity acquisition module(2-1); The supercapacitor module (3) is used for system energy storage; the supercapacitor temperature signal is sent to the analog quantity acquisition module (2-1); the voltage signal is sent to the input selection module (4-1) and the power distribution module ( 4-2), respectively as the control signal of the power supply selection switch and the power distribution switch; In the main control unit (2): The analog quantity acquisition module (2-1) is used to detect the voltage and current value of the bus bar and the system output terminal; at the same time, measure the temperature value of the super capacitor; and feed back the data to the control module (2-2); The control module (2-2) is used to receive and process the feedback data of the analog quantity acquisition module (2-1); output the PWM signal to the input adjustment module (1-2) to realize the intelligent control of super capacitor charging; output the PWM signal To the constant power output module (4-4), to realize the control of the constant power output of energy; to send the enable command to the pulse output module (4-3) to control the system pulse output; In the power output unit (4): The input selection module (4-1) is electrically connected to the lithium polymer battery (1-1); it is used to receive the voltage signal sent by the super capacitor module (3), when the super capacitor bus voltage is lower than the set value, the lithium polymer The polymer battery directly outputs energy to the load; The power distribution module (4-2) is electrically connected with the supercapacitor module (3) and the input selection module (4-1), provides standard voltage output, and provides working voltage for the loads of each platform; receives the supercapacitor module (3) The bus voltage control signal, when the bus voltage is lower or higher than the set range, the capacitor output is cut off and switched to the lithium polymer battery output mode; The pulse output module (4-3) is electrically connected to the supercapacitor module (3); it is used for receiving the enabling signal of the control module (2-2) to provide energy to the pulsed load; The constant power output module (4-4) is electrically connected with the super capacitor module (3); it is used for receiving the PWM signal of the control module (2-2), adjusting the output voltage, and providing energy to the constant power load. 2. The micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit (2) and the input adjustment module (1-2) monitor the supercapacitor bus voltage, and when the voltage When the voltage is less than the set value, it is the constant current charging mode, and when the voltage is greater than the set value, it switches to the constant voltage trickle charging mode. 3. The micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit (2) realizes the constant voltage and constant current charging control of the super capacitor based on a PID algorithm. 4. The micro-nano-satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution module (4-2) adopts a window comparator to control the power supply switch, so that the supercapacitor bus voltage is set at the set point. Changes within a certain threshold to achieve low-voltage latching and over-voltage protection of the system output. 5. the micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system based on digital control according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pulse output module (4-3) adopts Schmitt trigger to control power supply switch, pulse output module (4-3) -3) After receiving the enabling command from the control module (2-2), the super capacitor module (3) continues to discharge until the bus voltage is lower than the set lower threshold. 6. The digital control-based micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the input adjustment module (1-2) adopts an input adjustment circuit of Sepic topology, which specifically comprises The first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the second resistor R2, the eighth resistor R8, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the first diode D1 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5; the input voltage V_IN passes through the first inductor L1 is connected to the positive pole of the first capacitor C1 and the D pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5; the S pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is grounded through the eighth resistor R8; the G pole of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the first capacitor C1 The cathode of the first diode D1 and the anode of the first diode D1 are grounded through the second inductor L2; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second capacitor C2, and is connected to the anode of the super capacitor V_CAP through the second resistor R2; the second capacitor C2 The negative pole is grounded. 7. The digital control-based micro-nano satellite pulse power power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power distribution control circuit adopted by the power distribution module (4-2) specifically comprises the first A resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9, the first PMOS transistor Q1, the second NMOS transistor Q2 and the first integrated MAX9018 Chip U1; the third resistor R3, the sixth resistor R6 and the ninth resistor R9 are connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded; the positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the No. 3 lead of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through the third resistor R3 pin; the No. 6 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 is grounded through the ninth resistor R9; the No. 2 pin of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 is connected to the No. 5 pin, and the No. 1 pin is connected to the No. 7 pin; power supply The voltage VCC is connected to pins 1 and 7 of the first integrated MAX9018 chip U1 through the first resistor R1; the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 via the fourth resistor R4; The positive electrode V_CAP of the super capacitor is connected to the S pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1 and the D pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 via the fourth resistor R4; the S pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 is grounded; the G pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 passes through the seventh The resistor R7 is grounded; the constant voltage output enable terminal Voltage_EN is connected to the G pole of the second NMOS transistor Q2 through the fifth resistor R5; the constant voltage output terminal Voltage_OUT is connected to the D pole of the first PMOS transistor Q1. 8. The digitally controlled micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pulse output module (4-3) adopts a Schmitt trigger circuit, which specifically comprises The tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11, the thirteenth resistor R13, the fourteenth resistor R14, the sixteenth resistor R16, the seventeenth resistor R17, the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3, the third PMOS transistor Q3 and the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the positive electrode V_CAP of the supercapacitor is connected to the No. 3 pin of the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3 through the thirteenth resistor R13, and is connected to the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3 through the eleventh resistor R11; the third The No. 3 pin of the integrated MAX9017 chip U3 is grounded through the fourteenth resistor R14; the No. 1 pin of the third integrated MAX9017 chip U3 is connected to the pulse output enable terminal Pulse_EN; the positive pole of the super capacitor V_CAP is connected to the S of the third PMOS transistor Q3 It is connected to the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 through the tenth resistor R10; the G pole of the third PMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the D pole of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the S pole of the fourth NMOS transistor is grounded; the fourth NMOS transistor G The pole is grounded through the seventeenth resistor R17; the pulse output enable terminal Pulse_EN is connected to the G pole of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 through the sixteenth resistor R16. 9 . The digital control-based micro-nano satellite pulse power supply system according to claim 1 , wherein the constant power output module ( 4 - 4 ) adopts the constant power output adjustment of Sepic topology structure. 10 . The circuit specifically includes a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a twelfth resistor R12, a fifteenth resistor R15, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a second diode D2 and a sixth NMOS transistor Q6; the positive electrode of the super capacitor V_CAP is connected to the positive electrode of the third capacitor C3 and the D electrode of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 through the third inductor L3, and the positive electrode of the super capacitor V_CAP is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth capacitor C4; the negative electrode of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the sixth The S pole of the NMOS transistor Q6 is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15; the G pole of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is used as the PWM signal input terminal; the negative pole of the third capacitor C3 and the positive pole of the second diode D2 are grounded through the fourth inductor L4; The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the anode of the fifth capacitor C5, and is connected to the constant power output terminal Power_OUT through the twelfth resistor R12; the cathode of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.

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