CN111525610B - Control method and device of photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents
Control method and device of photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic inverter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electrical control, and discloses a control method of a photovoltaic inverter, which comprises the steps of firstly calculating a grid voltage feedforward quantity and actual phase information in a photovoltaic inverter system, then obtaining a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, finally combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, wherein in the composite regulation process, a specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feedforward quantity is kept unchanged in a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after being reduced to a preset value by a preset slope after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electrical control, in particular to a photovoltaic inverter and a control method and device thereof.
Background
With the increase of the capacity of the photovoltaic inverter and the fact that the access position is often on the user side, the impedance of a power grid line is large, the power grid increasingly presents the characteristic of an inductive weak power grid, and the power grid voltage of the power grid often contains rich background harmonic waves. Generally, the design of a photovoltaic inverter control system is based on a high power grid design; the test environment is usually one or a few of simultaneous operation tests, and the test environment has a larger access with an application scene, so that the photovoltaic inverter is easy to fail and break off the network due to unstable current after a plurality of parallel operation on the site, and a larger electric quantity loss is caused to a user.
In implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors found that at least the following problems exist in the above related art: photovoltaic inverters adapt rapidly to this weak grid environment, and the existing technology mainly focuses on two aspects: firstly, the robustness of a control system is increased by adopting an output impedance correction mode; and secondly, decoupling the power grid voltage and the output current of the inverter by adopting a power grid voltage full feed-forward mode, and enhancing the harmonic suppression capability of the control system on the power grid voltage. However, both of the above two methods have the problem of control system redesign, and the design is complex, the adaptability is poor, and the like, which is not beneficial to the reconstruction and optimization of the engineering field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling a photovoltaic inverter, which have low failure rate and strong adaptability, and a photovoltaic inverter.
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in order to solve the foregoing technical problem, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a photovoltaic inverter, where the method is applied to the photovoltaic inverter, and the method includes:
collecting three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inversion system, and calculating to obtain a grid voltage feedforward quantity;
performing PI regulation and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of the current power grid;
acquiring a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repetitive control, wherein,
in the process of compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the power grid voltage feedforward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for a first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
and carrying out space vector pulse width modulation on the amplitude information of the modulation wave to obtain a driving signal for controlling each switching tube in the photovoltaic inverter.
In some embodiments, the step of acquiring a three-phase voltage of a PCC point in the photovoltaic inverter system and calculating a grid voltage feed-forward amount further includes:
performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase voltage of the PCC point under a three-phase static coordinate system to obtain a positive sequence component and a negative sequence component under a two-phase rotating coordinate system;
decoupling the positive and negative sequence components;
and filtering the decoupled positive sequence component through a second-order filter to obtain the power grid voltage feedforward quantity under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the second order filter is a second order butterworth filter.
In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the given value of the current of the photovoltaic inverter further includes:
collecting the bus voltage of the photovoltaic inverter as a feedback value;
determining a voltage control target value of the photovoltaic inverter according to the voltage amplitude of the current power grid, the power of the photovoltaic inverter and the line impedance voltage drop of the photovoltaic inverter system;
and performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value to obtain the current set value under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the current setpoint comprises an active current setpoint and a reactive current setpoint,
the step of performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value further includes:
performing PI regulation on the feedback value and the voltage control target value through a PI regulation controller to obtain the active current given value;
and performing power scheduling on the active current given value through a power scheduling module to obtain the reactive current given value.
In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the current component value of the photovoltaic inverter further comprises:
collecting three-phase inductive current output by the photovoltaic inverter;
and performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase inductive current in the three-phase static coordinate system to obtain current component values in the two-phase static coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the step of generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after performing complex adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control in combination with the grid voltage feed-forward amount and the actual phase information further includes:
according to the actual phase information, performing coordinate conversion on the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in the two-phase rotating coordinate system to obtain the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in the two-phase static coordinate system;
and after the current component value and the current set value under the two-phase static coordinate system are subjected to difference, carrying out composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, and then superposing the current component value and the current set value with the grid voltage feedforward quantity under the two-phase static coordinate system to generate the modulation wave amplitude information.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device for a photovoltaic inverter, which is applied to the photovoltaic inverter, and includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the three-phase voltage of a PCC (point of charge coupled device) in the photovoltaic inverter system and calculating to obtain the voltage feedforward quantity of the power grid;
the adjusting module is used for performing PI (proportional integral) adjustment and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of the current power grid;
a generating module, configured to obtain a current set value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combine the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generate modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after performing composite adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control, where,
in the process of compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the power grid voltage feedforward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for a first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic inverter, including:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of the first aspect as described above.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the method according to the first aspect.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to execute the method according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of firstly collecting three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inverter system, obtaining grid voltage feedforward quantity through calculation, then carrying out PI regulation and phase feedforward on the grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of a current grid, finally obtaining a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, wherein in the process of composite regulation, a specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feedforward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after being reduced to a preset value by a preset slope after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the accompanying figures in the drawings that correspond thereto and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, wherein elements/modules and steps having the same reference numerals are represented by like elements/modules and steps, unless otherwise specified, and the drawings are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a control method of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a linear graph of a grid voltage feedforward value versus a weight coefficient over time according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another control method for a photovoltaic inverter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of step 110 of the method of FIG. 2 and/or FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a control schematic diagram of a phase locked loop of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of step 130 of the method of FIG. 2 and/or FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the control of the voltage loop of the photovoltaic inverter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a control schematic of the current loop of the photovoltaic inverter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of a photovoltaic inverter according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic inverter provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the various features of the embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other within the scope of protection of the present application. Additionally, while functional block divisions are performed in apparatus schematics, with logical sequences shown in flowcharts, in some cases, steps shown or described may be performed in sequences other than block divisions in apparatus or flowcharts. Further, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not limit the data and the execution order, but merely distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
At present, a control system and a control method of a photovoltaic inverter mainly include two types in the prior art, one is redesign of a grid-connected inverter control system based on output impedance correction of virtual impedance, and the basic principle is as follows: by establishing a mathematical model of the inverter, considering the power grid impedance under the condition of weak power grid, redesigning each parameter of the controller, and compensating the output impedance of the inverter through virtual impedance, so as to achieve the purpose of stable operation of the inverter under the condition of power grid impedance change and background harmonic wave. And the other is the control system design based on the full feed-forward of the grid voltage. Under the condition of a strong power grid, the voltage feedforward only considers the value of a fundamental component, but under the background of a weak power grid, the grid voltage is mixed with a large amount of harmonic waves, the grid voltage feedforward directly acts on the output end of a PI (proportional-integral) controller of a current loop, namely the harmonic component is artificially injected into a control system, so that the output current harmonic wave is large, and the inverter is easy to resonate with the weak power grid to cause the fault shutdown of the inverter. Therefore, the full feed-forward of the power grid voltage needs to be injected into the current loop control system through a negative feedback mode through the equivalent action of the transfer function. However, both the output impedance correction mode and the grid voltage full feed-forward mode have the problems of control system redesign, complex design, poor adaptability and the like, and are not beneficial to engineering field modification and optimization.
In order to solve the problems of high failure rate and low adaptability of the existing photovoltaic inverter during control, the embodiment of the invention provides a control method and a control device of a photovoltaic inverter, which are applied to the photovoltaic inverter. Specifically, the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a double-loop control method in which an outer loop is a voltage loop and an inner loop is a current loop, so that the response speed of the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) to the grid voltage can be increased, and meanwhile, the fundamental component is extracted by combining with the phase-locked loop technology, so as to optimize the phase-locking precision, and finally, the dynamic adjustment capability of the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) can be increased.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a control method of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the application environment includes: the photovoltaic inverter comprises a photovoltaic cell array, a boosting module (DC-DC module), a photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module), a filter circuit and a power GRID, wherein a bus capacitor is connected in parallel between the boosting module (DC-DC module) and the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module), the bus voltage of the photovoltaic inverter can be obtained by measuring the voltage at two ends of the bus capacitor, the three-phase inductive current of the photovoltaic inverter can be obtained by detecting the current between the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) and the filter circuit, and the three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inverter system can be obtained by detecting a public connection point (PCC point) between the filter circuit and the power GRID.
The topological structure shown in the application scene is a main circuit of a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system, a secondary structure is usually adopted, when the photovoltaic grid-connected system works, a photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) boosts the voltage output by a photovoltaic battery array, inversion is realized through the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module), filtering is carried out through a filtering circuit, then the grid-connected system is connected to a power grid, and the grid-connected power grid is a public connection Point (PCC). The photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) mainly adopts an I-shaped three-level or T-shaped three-level inverter, and in some other embodiments, the main circuit of the photovoltaic grid-connected system may also be of other topological structures, and may be designed according to specific application scenarios, without being limited by the embodiments of the present invention.
In the prior art, the photovoltaic inverter can only adapt to the power grid impedance within 1mH, and after the control method of the photovoltaic inverter provided by the embodiment of the application is optimized, the photovoltaic inverter can adapt to the power grid impedance above 3mH, so that the fault rate of the photovoltaic inverter is greatly reduced, the maximum output capacity of the inverter under a weak power grid is ensured, the power generation capacity of a user can be obviously improved, and the power generation benefit is increased.
Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention are further explained below with reference to the drawings.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a photovoltaic inverter, which is applied to the photovoltaic inverter, please refer to fig. 2, which shows a flowchart of the control method for the photovoltaic inverter provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
step 110: and collecting the three-phase voltage of a PCC point in the photovoltaic inversion system, and calculating to obtain the grid voltage feedforward quantity.
In the embodiment of the invention, the three-phase voltage (e) of the PCC point in the photovoltaic inverter system can be acquired through the bus capacitor in the application scenario as shown in fig. 1 a 、e b 、e c ) And obtaining the power grid voltage feedforward quantity after data processing such as coordinate transformation, decoupling and/or filtering.
Step 120: and performing PI regulation and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain the actual phase information of the current power grid.
In the embodiment of the invention, the actual phase information of the current power grid can be obtained by performing PI regulation and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity obtained through coordinate transformation, decoupling and/or filtering.
Step 130: and acquiring a current set value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the power grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repetitive control.
In the embodiment of the invention, after coordinate conversion is carried out on the current given value, the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the three-phase inductive current, composite regulation is carried out, amplitude information of a modulation wave can be obtained after calculation, and the output condition of the photovoltaic inverter can be controlled according to the amplitude information of the modulation wave.
In the process of the compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feed-forward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
The composite regulation respectively comprises PI regulation, repeated control and power grid voltage feedforward, in order to respond to the change of a power grid in the prior art, the voltage feedforward is dominant, the PI regulation action range is small, and the repeated regulation in the application mainly aims at solving the periodic harmonic of output current. In order to better adapt to a weak power grid, in the embodiment of the invention, in order to simultaneously consider the impact of the inverter on the power grid at the grid-connected moment, further, a power grid voltage feedforward slow-falling strategy and parameter optimization of a PI controller are adopted, so that the impact of the inverter on the power grid at the grid-connected moment can be ensured, and the adaptive process of the weak power grid can be completely compatible.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 3 together, which shows a linear graph of the grid voltage feedforward value specific gravity coefficient with time, wherein the abscissa represents the operation time t of the photovoltaic inverter, and the ordinate represents the specific gravity coefficient k of the grid voltage feedforward quantity. In the process of the compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient k of the grid voltage feed-forward quantity is k0 within a first preset time t1 after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and is kept unchanged, after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time t1, the specific gravity coefficient k is reduced to a preset value k1 by a preset slope and then is kept unchanged, and specifically, the specific gravity coefficient k is reduced to a preset value k1 at the moment of t 2. In the embodiment of the invention, t1 is 10s, and k0 is 1.0; the value of t2 is 20s, and k0 is 0.8. By optimizing the proportion coefficient of the voltage feedforward value of the power grid, the weak power grid adaptability of the photovoltaic inverter is greatly enhanced, the optimization strategy is simple and effective, and a good operation effect is obtained.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of a photovoltaic inverter, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inversion system, obtaining grid voltage feedforward quantity through calculation, then carrying out PI regulation and phase feedforward on the grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of a current power grid, finally obtaining a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 4, which shows a flowchart of another control method of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the control method shown in fig. 2 and the embodiment thereof, except that the control method further includes:
step 140: and carrying out space vector pulse width modulation on the amplitude information of the modulation wave to obtain a driving signal for controlling each switching tube in the photovoltaic inverter.
In a photovoltaic inverter, an inverter circuit composed of switching tubes is generally provided, and the current-voltage output condition of the photovoltaic inverter can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and the period of a driving signal input to the switching tubes. Therefore, after the amplitude information of the modulation wave for controlling the photovoltaic inverter is obtained, the driving signals for controlling each switching tube in the photovoltaic inverter can be obtained after the Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) processing.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 5, which shows a flowchart of step 110 in the method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, based on the control method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, the step 110 further includes:
step 111: performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase voltage of the PCC point under a three-phase static coordinate system to obtain a positive sequence component and a negative sequence component under a two-phase rotating coordinate system;
step 112: decoupling the positive and negative sequence components;
step 113: and filtering the decoupled positive sequence component through a second-order filter to obtain the power grid voltage feedforward quantity under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
Referring to fig. 6, a control schematic diagram of a phase-locked loop of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which a three-phase voltage (e) may be sampled at a PCC point at a grid junction in an application scenario as shown in fig. 1 (first of all) a 、e b 、e c ) After coordinate transformation, the three-phase voltage (e) under the three-phase static coordinate system is converted a 、e b 、e c ) Converting the positive sequence components (Ugd, ugq) and the negative sequence components (Ugdn, ugqn) under a two-phase rotating coordinate system, and then decoupling the positive sequence components and the negative sequence components through positive and negative sequence decoupling to obtain positive sequence components (e) p d 、e q d ) And then by aligning the sequence component e q d And performing PI regulation and phase feedforward to obtain actual phase information Angle/theta of the current power grid, wherein the phase locking technology is based on a strong power grid, and considers the unbalance of the power grid voltage and the undistorted condition of the power grid voltage.
However, under the background of a weak power grid, the distortion of the voltage of the power grid is serious, and more harmonic components are mixed, so that the embodiment of the invention also optimizes the phase-locked loop of the voltage of the power grid, wherein the harmonic components (three-phase voltage (e)) are used a 、e b 、e c ) After coordinate transformation, the characteristics of alternating current component are still presented, and only fundamental component is changed in coordinateThe converted value is the direct current value, and in order to eliminate the influence of the harmonic component of the power grid voltage on the equivalent of the phase-locked phase Angle/theta precision and the positive sequence component (Ugd, ugq) as much as possible, the value after coordinate conversion needs to be optimized. In the scheme, an adaptive weak power grid filter is added, a second-order Butterworth filter (namely a second-order Butterworth filter) is adopted, and a fdantool tool of simulation software matlab is utilized to directly design the filter, wherein a certain cutoff frequency fc is set according to the sampling frequency fs of a power grid so as to generate filter parameters. The filter-filtered positive sequence component (e) described above p d 、e q d ) Can effectively represent fundamental wave information of the power grid, is used for phase locking and power grid voltage feedforward, and is provided with the positive sequence component (e) p d 、e q d ) Namely the grid voltage feedforward quantity (e) according to the embodiment of the invention p d 、e q d )。
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 7, which shows a flowchart of step 130 in the method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, based on the control method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, in step 130, the step of obtaining the given value of the current of the photovoltaic inverter further includes:
step 131: collecting the bus voltage of the photovoltaic inverter as a feedback value;
step 132: determining a voltage control target value of the photovoltaic inverter according to the voltage amplitude of the current power grid, the power of the photovoltaic inverter and the line impedance voltage drop of the photovoltaic inverter system;
step 133: and performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value to obtain the current set value under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
Wherein, the current given value includes active current given value and idle current given value, the step of carrying out PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value further includes: performing PI regulation on the feedback value and the voltage control target value through a PI regulation controller to obtain the active current given value; and performing power scheduling on the active current given value through a power scheduling module to obtain the reactive current given value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the bus voltage Vbus of the photovoltaic inverter may be acquired through the bus capacitor in the application scenario shown in fig. 1, and the bus voltage Vbus is used as a feedback value, and the given current value may be obtained through PI regulation and power scheduling in combination with the voltage control target value. Meanwhile, a certain margin needs to be left for the voltage control target value to satisfy the full-power inversion condition, for example, when the grid-connected system shown in fig. 1 is 220V and the capacity of the photovoltaic inverter is 60KVA, 600V may be taken as the voltage control target value according to experience.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a control scheme of a voltage loop of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the photovoltaic inverter adopts a control system with an outer loop as the voltage loop and an inner loop as the current loop. In the control of the voltage loop, the bus voltage Vbus of the photovoltaic inverter can be acquired through the bus capacitor in the application scene shown in fig. 1 as a feedback value, the voltage control target value Vbus _ ref of the photovoltaic inverter is determined according to the voltage amplitude of the current power grid, the power of the photovoltaic inverter and the line impedance voltage drop of the photovoltaic inverter system, the active current given value Id _ ref of the inverter is obtained after the regulation by the PI regulator, and the final active current given value Id _ ref and reactive current given value Iq _ ref are obtained after the obtained active current given value Id _ ref passes through the power scheduling module.
In some embodiments, please continue to refer to fig. 7, which shows a flowchart of step 130 in the method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, based on the control method shown in fig. 2 and/or fig. 4, in step 130, the step of obtaining the current component value of the pv inverter further includes:
step 134: collecting the three-phase inductive current output by the photovoltaic inverter;
step 135: performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase inductive current in the three-phase static coordinate system to obtain current component values in the two-phase static coordinate system;
in step 130, the step of generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after performing composite adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control by combining the grid voltage feed-forward quantity and the actual phase information further includes:
step 136: according to the actual phase information, performing coordinate conversion on the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in a two-phase rotating coordinate system to obtain the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in a two-phase static coordinate system;
step 137: and after the difference is made between the current component value and the current given value under the two-phase static coordinate system, carrying out composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, and then overlapping the composite regulation with the grid voltage feedforward quantity under the two-phase static coordinate system to generate the amplitude information of the modulation wave.
Referring to fig. 9, a control schematic diagram of a current loop of a pv inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the pv inverter employs a control system with an inner loop as the current loop, and in the control of the current loop, first, a three-phase inductive current (i) of the pv inverter can be obtained by detecting a current between the pv inverter (DC-AC module) and a filter circuit in the application scenario shown in fig. 1 a 、i b 、i c ). Then, three-phase inductive current (i) in the three-phase static coordinate system is measured a 、i b 、i c ) Performing coordinate transformation to obtain current component values (i) in a two-phase static coordinate system α 、i β ). Meanwhile, according to the actual phase information Angle/theta, the current set values (Id _ ref, iq _ ref) and the grid voltage feedforward quantity (e) in the two-phase rotating coordinate system are used p d 、e q d ) Coordinate conversion is carried out to obtain a given current value (I) under a two-phase static coordinate system α _ref，I β Ref) and grid voltage feedforward quantity (e) p α 、e q β ). (ii) comparing the current component value (i) α 、i β ) With said current set-point (I) α _ref，I β Ref), and output voltage (e) by PI regulation and repetitive control PI α 、e PI β 、e R α 、e R β ) And then with the grid voltage feed forward quantity (e) p α 、e q β ) After superposition, the amplitude information (V) of the modulated wave can be obtained α 、V β )。
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a control apparatus for a photovoltaic inverter, which is applied to a photovoltaic inverter, please refer to fig. 10, which shows a schematic structural diagram of the control apparatus for a photovoltaic inverter provided in the embodiment of the present invention, where the control apparatus 200 for a photovoltaic inverter includes: an acquisition module 210, an adjustment module 220, and a generation module 230.
The acquisition module 210 is configured to acquire a three-phase voltage of a PCC point in the photovoltaic inverter system, and obtain a grid voltage feed-forward amount through calculation;
the adjusting module 220 is configured to perform PI adjustment and phase feedforward on the grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of the current grid;
the generating module 230 is configured to obtain a current set value and a current component value of the pv inverter, and generate modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the pv inverter after performing composite adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control by combining the grid voltage feed-forward quantity and the actual phase information, where,
in the process of the compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feed-forward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
In some embodiments, with continuing reference to fig. 10, the control apparatus 200 of the pv inverter further includes: a control module 240, wherein the control module 240 is configured to perform space vector pulse width modulation on the modulation wave amplitude information to obtain a driving signal for controlling each switching tube in the photovoltaic inverter.
In some embodiments, the acquisition module 210 is further configured to perform coordinate transformation on the three-phase voltage of the PCC point in a three-phase stationary coordinate system to obtain a positive sequence component and a negative sequence component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system; decoupling the positive and negative sequence components; and filtering the decoupled positive sequence component through a second-order filter to obtain the power grid voltage feedforward quantity under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the second order filter is a second order butterworth filter.
In some embodiments, the generating module 230 is further configured to collect a bus voltage of the photovoltaic inverter as a feedback value; determining a voltage control target value of the photovoltaic inverter according to the voltage amplitude of the current power grid, the power of the photovoltaic inverter and the line impedance voltage drop of the photovoltaic inverter system; and performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value to obtain the current given value under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the given current value includes a given active current value and a given reactive current value, and the obtaining module 210 is further configured to perform PI regulation on the feedback value and the target voltage control value by using a PI regulation controller to obtain the given active current value; and performing power scheduling on the active current given value through a power scheduling module to obtain the reactive current given value.
In some embodiments, the generating module 230 is further configured to collect the three-phase inductive current output by the photovoltaic inverter; and carrying out coordinate conversion on the three-phase inductive current in the three-phase static coordinate system to obtain the current component values in the two-phase static coordinate system.
In some embodiments, the generating module 230 is further configured to perform coordinate transformation on the current given value and the grid voltage feedforward amount in the two-phase rotating coordinate system according to the actual phase information to obtain a current given value and a grid voltage feedforward amount in the two-phase stationary coordinate system; and after the difference is made between the current component value and the current given value under the two-phase static coordinate system, carrying out compound regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, and then overlapping the current component value and the current given value with the grid voltage feedforward quantity under the two-phase static coordinate system to generate the amplitude information of the modulation wave.
EXAMPLE III
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic inverter, please refer to fig. 11, which shows a hardware structure of a photovoltaic inverter capable of executing the control method of the photovoltaic inverter described in fig. 2 to fig. 10. The photovoltaic inverter 10 may be the photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC module) shown in fig. 1.
The photovoltaic inverter 10 includes: at least one processor 11; and a memory 12 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, which is exemplified by one processor 11 in fig. 11. The memory 12 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 11, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 11 to enable the at least one processor 11 to execute the control method of the photovoltaic inverter described in fig. 2 to 10. The processor 11 and the memory 12 may be connected by a bus or other means, and fig. 11 illustrates the connection by a bus as an example.
The memory 12, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the control method of the photovoltaic inverter in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the modules shown in fig. 10. The processor 11 executes various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the nonvolatile software program, instructions and modules stored in the memory 12, that is, implements the control method of the photovoltaic inverter according to the above method embodiment.
The memory 12 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the program distribution apparatus, and the like. Further, the memory 12 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 12 optionally includes memory located remotely from processor 11, which may be connected to the program distribution apparatus via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 12, and when executed by the one or more processors 11, perform the control method of the photovoltaic inverter in any of the above-described method embodiments, for example, perform the method steps of fig. 2 to 10 described above, and implement the functions of the modules and units in fig. 10.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for execution by one or more processors, for example, to perform the method steps of fig. 2-10 described above to implement the functions of the modules in fig. 10.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for controlling a photovoltaic inverter in any of the above-described method embodiments, for example, to perform the method steps of fig. 2 to 10 described above, to implement the functions of the respective modules in fig. 10.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of a photovoltaic inverter, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inversion system, obtaining grid voltage feedforward quantity through calculation, then carrying out PI regulation and phase feedforward on the grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of a current power grid, finally obtaining a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a photovoltaic inverter is applied to the photovoltaic inverter and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting three-phase voltage of a PCC point in a photovoltaic inversion system, and calculating to obtain a grid voltage feedforward quantity;
performing PI regulation and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of the current power grid;
acquiring a current given value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combining the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after composite regulation including PI regulation and repetitive control, wherein,
in the process of the compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feed-forward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and carrying out space vector pulse width modulation on the amplitude information of the modulation wave to obtain a driving signal for controlling each switching tube in the photovoltaic inverter.
3. The method of claim 2,
the step of acquiring the three-phase voltage of the PCC points in the photovoltaic inversion system and calculating to obtain the grid voltage feed-forward quantity further comprises the following steps:
performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase voltage of the PCC point under a three-phase static coordinate system to obtain a positive sequence component and a negative sequence component under a two-phase rotating coordinate system;
decoupling the positive and negative sequence components;
and filtering the decoupled positive sequence component through a second-order filter to obtain the power grid voltage feedforward quantity under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
4. The method of claim 3,
the second order filter is a second order butterworth filter.
5. The method of claim 3,
the step of obtaining the given current value of the photovoltaic inverter further includes:
collecting the bus voltage of the photovoltaic inverter as a feedback value;
determining a voltage control target value of the photovoltaic inverter according to the voltage amplitude of the current power grid, the power of the photovoltaic inverter and the line impedance voltage drop of the photovoltaic inverter system;
and performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value to obtain the current set value under a two-phase rotating coordinate system.
6. The method of claim 5,
the current set value comprises an active current set value and a reactive current set value,
the step of performing PI regulation and power scheduling on the feedback value and the voltage control target value further includes:
performing PI regulation on the feedback value and the voltage control target value through a PI regulation controller to obtain the active current given value;
and performing power scheduling on the active current given value through a power scheduling module to obtain the reactive current given value.
7. The method of claim 5,
the step of obtaining the current component value of the photovoltaic inverter further includes:
collecting three-phase inductive current output by the photovoltaic inverter;
and performing coordinate conversion on the three-phase inductive current in the three-phase static coordinate system to obtain current component values in the two-phase static coordinate system.
8. The method of claim 7,
the step of generating modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after the combined grid voltage feed-forward quantity and the actual phase information are subjected to composite adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control further includes:
according to the actual phase information, performing coordinate conversion on the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in a two-phase rotating coordinate system to obtain the current given value and the power grid voltage feedforward quantity in a two-phase static coordinate system;
and after the difference is made between the current component value and the current given value under the two-phase static coordinate system, carrying out composite regulation including PI regulation and repeated control, and then overlapping the composite regulation with the grid voltage feedforward quantity under the two-phase static coordinate system to generate the amplitude information of the modulation wave.
9. A control device of a photovoltaic inverter is applied to the photovoltaic inverter and is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the three-phase voltage of a PCC (point of charge coupled device) in the photovoltaic inverter system and calculating to obtain the voltage feedforward quantity of the power grid;
the adjusting module is used for performing PI (proportional integral) adjustment and phase feedforward on the power grid voltage feedforward quantity to obtain actual phase information of the current power grid;
a generating module, configured to obtain a current set value and a current component value of the photovoltaic inverter, combine the grid voltage feedforward quantity and the actual phase information, and generate modulation wave amplitude information for controlling the photovoltaic inverter after performing composite adjustment including PI adjustment and repetitive control, where,
in the process of the compound regulation, the specific gravity coefficient of the grid voltage feed-forward quantity is kept unchanged within a first preset time range after the photovoltaic inverter is started, and the specific gravity coefficient is kept unchanged after the photovoltaic inverter operates for the first preset time and is reduced to a preset value by a preset slope.
10. A photovoltaic inverter, comprising:
at least one processor; and (c) a second step of,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.
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