CN111525493A - Thing networking intelligent circuit breaker based on WIFI mode - Google Patents
Thing networking intelligent circuit breaker based on WIFI mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN111525493A CN111525493A CN202010266094.2A CN202010266094A CN111525493A CN 111525493 A CN111525493 A CN 111525493A CN 202010266094 A CN202010266094 A CN 202010266094A CN 111525493 A CN111525493 A CN 111525493A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0061—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning transmission of signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
- H02H5/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature additionally responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
- H04L67/025—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
Abstract
The invention provides an Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode, which comprises an electric leakage circuit breaker body and an Internet of things intelligent device; the intelligent device of the Internet of things comprises a sampling circuit, a driving circuit, an MCU and a WIFI communication circuit; the sampling circuit collects the current, the residual current and the temperature of the residual current circuit breaker body in real time and sends the current, the residual current and the temperature to the MCU through A/D conversion after signal conditioning; the MCU compares the current, the residual current and the temperature with corresponding threshold values respectively and outputs high and low level pulse signals to the driving circuit; when the driving circuit receives the low-level pulse signal, the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body is kept to be not operated; when receiving a high-level pulse signal, driving a tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body to act to trip the leakage circuit breaker body; the WIFI communication circuit sends the current, the residual current and the temperature to the mobile terminal or the cloud terminal. The invention is combined with the Internet of things, effectively monitors and controls the basic state of the circuit, and timely monitors and analyzes the real-time data of the circuit breaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage breakers, in particular to an Internet of things intelligent breaker based on a WIFI mode.
Background
The circuit breaker is one of the most important switching electrical equipment in a low-voltage distribution system, plays roles in controlling and fault protection of a power supply and distribution line in the power supply and distribution system, and plays an important role in safety, stability and economic operation of a power grid. The circuit breaker is mainly used for completing the functions of protecting and controlling a protected object by a core unit, namely a tripping device, of the circuit breaker through switching-off and switching-on operations. The leakage circuit breaker is a kind of circuit breaker, and possesses overload and short-circuit protection, and when the leakage current exceeds the preset value in the circuit, it can be worked, and is characterized by that when the human body is shocked, a leakage current is detected by means of zero-sequence current transformer, and the electromagnetic mechanism is driven to make tripping mechanism act, and the power switch is cut off. The power supply circuit is cut off rapidly when human body electric shock or equipment electric leakage occurs, so that the human body and the equipment are prevented from being damaged.
However, the existing residual current circuit breaker cannot be combined with the internet of things, cannot effectively monitor and control the basic state of a circuit, and cannot timely monitor and analyze the real-time monitoring and big data of the circuit breaker.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode, which is combined with the Internet of things, effectively monitors and controls the basic state of a circuit, and timely monitors and analyzes the big data of the circuit breaker, so that potential risks are effectively prevented, and the electricity utilization safety of a user is guaranteed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode, which comprises an electric leakage circuit breaker body and an internet of things intelligent device arranged on the electric leakage circuit breaker body; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the intelligent device of the internet of things comprises a sampling circuit, a driving circuit, an MCU and a WIFI communication circuit;
one end of the sampling circuit is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the sampling circuit is connected with the first end of the MCU; the sampling circuit is used for acquiring the current, the residual current and the temperature on the electric leakage circuit breaker body in real time, conditioning the signals and sending the signals to the MCU through A/D conversion;
the second end of the MCU is connected with one end of the driving circuit, and the third end of the MCU is connected with one end of the WIFI communication circuit; the MCU is used for comparing the received current, residual current and temperature with corresponding preset current threshold values, residual current threshold values and temperature threshold values respectively, and outputting high-level pulse signals or low-level pulse signals to the driving circuit according to comparison results;
the other end of the driving circuit is connected with a voltage end of a tripping mechanism of the residual current circuit breaker body; the driving circuit is used for keeping a tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body not to act when receiving a low-level pulse signal; or when receiving a high-level pulse signal, driving a tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body to act to trip the leakage circuit breaker body;
the other end of the WIFI communication circuit is connected with a mobile terminal or a cloud terminal; the WIFI communication circuit is used for sending the current, the residual current and the temperature received by the MCU to a mobile terminal or a cloud terminal.
The sampling circuit comprises a current signal sampling module, a residual current sampling module, a temperature sampling module, a signal conditioning module and an A/D (analog/digital) conversion module, wherein the current signal sampling module, the residual current sampling module and the temperature sampling module are all connected with the residual current circuit breaker body; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the current signal sampling module is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the current signal sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting current on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
one end of the residual current sampling module is connected with the residual current circuit breaker body, and the other end of the residual current sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting residual current on the residual current circuit breaker body in real time;
one end of the temperature sampling module is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the temperature sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting the temperature on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
the other end of the signal conditioning module is connected with one end of the A/D conversion module and is used for rectifying, amplifying and filtering the current, the residual current and the temperature on the leakage circuit breaker body which are acquired in real time;
the other end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the first end of the MCU and used for converting the current, the residual current and the temperature after rectification, amplification and filtering into digital signals from analog signals and sending the digital signals into the MCU.
The current signal sampling module is a Hall current sensor.
The residual current sampling module comprises a zero sequence transformer, a rectifier, an operational amplifier and an adjustable resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the zero sequence transformer is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the zero sequence transformer is connected with one end of the rectifier and used for collecting residual current on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
the other end of the rectifier is connected with the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier and used for rectifying residual current on the leakage circuit breaker body;
the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the first end of the MCU and used for amplifying the rectified residual current;
and two ends of the adjustable resistor are respectively connected with the positive phase input end and the output end of the operational amplifier and used for enabling the amplified residual current to be collected by the MCU.
The temperature sampling module adopts a temperature sensor with the model number of DS18B 20.
The drive circuit comprises an optical coupler, a silicon controlled rectifier, a first voltage-dividing resistor, a second voltage-dividing resistor and an RC high-voltage absorption loop; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the optical coupler is connected with the second end of the MCU, and the output end of the optical coupler is respectively connected with one end of the first divider resistor and one end of the second divider resistor;
and two ends of the controlled silicon are respectively connected with the other end of the first divider resistor and the other end of the second divider resistor, and are connected in parallel with the positive voltage end and the negative voltage end of the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body after being connected in parallel with two ends of the RC high-voltage absorption loop.
The type of the optocoupler is EL817S1, and the isolation voltage of the optocoupler is 5000 Vrms; the silicon controlled rectifier is in a JST137K-800E model, the off-state voltage of the silicon controlled rectifier is 800V, the internal resistance of the silicon controlled rectifier is 30 omega, and the trigger current of the silicon controlled rectifier is 10 mA; the RC high-voltage absorption circuit comprises a filter resistor and a filter capacitor which are connected in series; the resistance of the filter resistor is 220 omega, and the capacitance of the filter capacitor is 0.01 uf.
The MCU adopts a singlechip with the model of STM32f103RCT 6.
The WIFI communication circuit adopts a wireless module with the model of ESP8266 WiFi.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention combines the traditional circuit breaker with the Internet of things, so that the traditional circuit breaker can monitor and control the basic state of a circuit, and the new-generation circuit breaker has an intelligent Internet of things function based on a WiFi mode;
2. the circuit information is acquired by adopting circuits such as rectification, amplification, filtering and the like, and if the data is abnormal, the circuit breaker is tripped through a driving circuit; simultaneously, the information collected by the WIFI communication circuit is uploaded to the mobile terminal and the cloud terminal in real time, remote tripping can be carried out through the mobile terminal APP or the cloud terminal, real-time monitoring and big data analysis of the circuit breaker by a user are achieved, monitoring fault information is recorded, potential risks are effectively prevented, and the power utilization safety of the user is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a residual current sampling module in the sampling circuit of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an application scene diagram of a current signal sampling module in a sampling circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is an application scene diagram of a residual current sampling module in a sampling circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is an application scene diagram of a temperature sampling module in a sampling circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is an application scene diagram of a driving circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an application scene diagram of a WIFI communication circuit in an internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode includes an electric leakage circuit breaker body 1 and an internet of things intelligent device 2 arranged on the electric leakage circuit breaker body 1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the intelligent device 2 for internet of things comprises a sampling circuit 21, a driving circuit 22, an MCU23 and a WIFI communication circuit 24;
one end of the sampling circuit 21 is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body 1, and the other end is connected with the first end of the MCU; the sampling circuit 21 is used for acquiring the current, the residual current and the temperature on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 in real time, conditioning the signals and sending the conditioned signals to the MCU23 through A/D conversion;
the second end of the MCU23 is connected with one end of the driving circuit 22, and the third end is connected with one end of the WIFI communication circuit 24; the MCU23 is configured to compare the received current, residual current and temperature with a corresponding preset current threshold, residual current threshold and temperature threshold, and output a high-level pulse signal or a low-level pulse signal to the driving circuit 22 according to the comparison result; the MCU23 adopts a singlechip of STM32f103RCT 6;
the other end of the driving circuit 22 is connected to a voltage end of a trip mechanism (not shown) of the residual current circuit breaker body 1; the driving circuit 22 is used for keeping the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body not to act when receiving the low-level pulse signal; or when receiving the high-level pulse signal, the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body is driven to act, so that the leakage circuit breaker body 1 is tripped;
the other end of the WIFI communication circuit 24 is connected with a mobile terminal or a cloud terminal; the WIFI communication circuit 24 is configured to send the current, the residual current, and the temperature received by the MCU23 to the mobile terminal or the cloud terminal; the WIFI communication circuit 24 adopts a wireless module with the model of ESP8266 WIFI.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the sampling circuit 21 includes a current signal sampling module 211, a residual current sampling module 212, a temperature sampling module 213, a signal conditioning module 214, and an a/D conversion module 215, which are all connected to the residual current circuit breaker body 1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the current signal sampling module 211 is connected with the residual current circuit breaker body 1, and the other end is connected with the signal conditioning module 214 and used for collecting the current on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 in real time; the current signal sampling module 211 is a hall current sensor;
one end of the residual current sampling module 212 is connected with the residual current circuit breaker body 1, and the other end is connected with the signal conditioning module 214 and used for collecting residual current on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 in real time; as shown in fig. 3, the residual current sampling module 212 includes a zero sequence transformer 2121, a rectifier 2122, an operational amplifier 2123, and an adjustable resistor 2124; one end of the zero sequence transformer 2121 is connected to the residual current circuit breaker body 1, and the other end is connected to one end of the rectifier 2122, and is used for collecting residual current on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 in real time; the other end of the rectifier 2122 is connected to the positive input end + of the operational amplifier 2123, and is configured to rectify a residual current on the residual current circuit breaker body 1; the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier 2123 is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the first end of the MCU23 and is used for amplifying the rectified residual current; two ends of the adjustable resistor 2124 are respectively connected to the positive phase input end + and the output end of the operational amplifier 2123, so that the amplified residual current can be collected by the MCU 23;
one end of the temperature sampling module 213 is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body 1, and the other end is connected with the signal conditioning module 214, and is used for collecting the temperature on the leakage circuit breaker body 1 in real time; wherein, the temperature sampling module 213 adopts a temperature sensor with a model number of DS18B 20;
the other end of the signal conditioning module 214 is connected with one end of the a/D conversion module 215, and is used for rectifying, amplifying and filtering the current, the residual current and the temperature on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 which are acquired in real time;
the other end of the a/D conversion module 215 is connected to the first end of the MCU23, and is configured to convert the rectified, amplified, and filtered current, residual current, and temperature from analog signals to digital signals, and send the digital signals to the MCU 23.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the driving circuit 22 includes an optocoupler 221, a thyristor 222, a first voltage-dividing resistor 223, a second voltage-dividing resistor 224, and an RC high-voltage absorption loop 225; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the optical coupler 221 is connected with the second end of the MCU23, and the output end is connected with one end of the first voltage dividing resistor 223 and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor 224, respectively; the optocoupler 221 is of an EL817S1 type, and the isolation voltage is 5000 Vrms;
two ends of the thyristor 222 are respectively connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor 223 and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor 224, and are connected in parallel to two ends of the RC high voltage accommodating circuit 225, and then connected in parallel to a positive voltage end and a negative voltage end of the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body 1; the type of the thyristor 222 is JST137K-800E, the off-state voltage is 800V, the internal resistance RL is 30 omega, and the trigger current is 10 mA; the RC high voltage absorption circuit 225 comprises a filter resistor and a filter capacitor connected in series; the resistance of the filter resistor is 220 omega, and the capacitance of the filter capacitor is 0.01 uf.
The working principle of the Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode in the embodiment of the invention is that firstly, the current, the residual current and the temperature on the residual current circuit breaker body 1 are respectively collected in real time in a sampling circuit 21 through a current signal sampling module 211, a residual current sampling module 212 and a temperature sampling module 213, and are sent to an MCU23 through A/D conversion after signal conditioning;
secondly, the MCU23 compares the received current, residual current and temperature with corresponding preset current threshold, residual current threshold and temperature threshold, and outputs a high-level pulse signal to the driving circuit 22 if the current is greater than the preset current threshold, the residual current is greater than the residual current threshold and the temperature is greater than at least one of the temperature thresholds; otherwise, a low level pulse signal is output to the driving circuit 22;
then, when the driving circuit 22 receives the low-level pulse signal, the IO port is the low-level pulse signal, so that the light emitting diode in the optocoupler U1 is not turned on, both ends of 34 thereof are turned off, the gate voltage of the thyristor Q1 is zero and is not turned on, and the voltage between the positive voltage end (220V +) and the negative voltage end (220V-) of the tripping mechanism of the residual current circuit breaker body 1 flows back through the filter resistor R3 and the C1, so that the tripping mechanism of the residual current circuit breaker body 1 is normal; if the driving circuit 22 receives a high-level pulse signal, the IO port is a high-level pulse signal, so that the light emitting diode in the optocoupler U1 is turned on, two 34 ports of the optocoupler are turned on, a gate of the thyristor Q1 has a weak current flowing through to turn on the thyristor Q1, a voltage between a positive voltage end (220V +) and a negative voltage end (220V-) of the tripping mechanism of the leakage breaker body 1 flows back through the thyristor Q1, at this time, the zero live wire is short-circuited, and the tripping mechanism acts to trip the leakage breaker.
Meanwhile, the WIFI communication circuit 24 is used for communicating with the outside, the collected information is uploaded to the mobile terminal or the cloud end at regular intervals, real-time monitoring and big data analysis of the breaker by a user are achieved, monitoring fault information is recorded, potential risks are effectively prevented, and power utilization safety of the user is guaranteed. Certainly, the WIFI communication circuit 24 may also receive a tripping command issued by the mobile terminal or the cloud, and immediately transmit the tripping command to the MCU23 to generate a high-level pulse signal, so that the tripping mechanism operates to trip the residual current circuit breaker.
It can be understood that in the embodiment of the invention, the traditional circuit breaker is combined with the Internet of things, so that the circuit basic state can be monitored and controlled, and the new-generation circuit breaker has an intelligent internet of things function based on a WiFi mode; the embodiment of the invention adopts circuits such as rectification, amplification, filtering and the like to acquire circuit information, and if the data is abnormal, the circuit breaker is tripped through a driving circuit; simultaneously, the information collected by the WIFI communication circuit is uploaded to the mobile terminal and the cloud terminal in real time, remote tripping can be carried out through the mobile terminal APP or the cloud terminal, real-time monitoring and big data analysis of the circuit breaker by a user are achieved, monitoring fault information is recorded, potential risks are effectively prevented, and the power utilization safety of the user is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 5 to fig. 9, a further application scenario of the internet-of-things intelligent device 2 of the internet-of-things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode in the embodiment of the present invention is described:
fig. 5 is a diagram of an application scenario of the current signal sampling module. In fig. 5, a hall current sensor is used for collecting the current signal, and the basic principle is as follows: when the primary side current IP flows through a long wire, a magnetic field is generated around the wire, the magnitude of the magnetic field is in direct proportion to the current flowing through the wire, the generated magnetic field is gathered in the magnetic ring, measurement and amplification output are carried out through the Hall element in the air gap of the magnetic ring, and the output voltage VS accurately reflects the primary side current IP.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of an application scenario of the residual current sampling module. In fig. 6, the zero sequence current transformer collects the leakage current I1. Because the single chip microcomputer of the MCU23 can only collect 0-3.3V voltage, the I1 is rectified to make the values all positive. I1 flows back after passing R1. The circuit adopts a TL082 operational amplifier to amplify the voltage at two ends of R1. The TL082 gain bandwidth product is 4MHZ, which meets the circuit information sampling requirement. The circuit has an amplification factor of
R3 selects 10k omega, and R4 selects 100k omega's potentiometre, because of factors such as the equipment difference, the size of its leakage current that produces can fluctuate, can adjust R4 size according to actual conditions, can be gathered by MCU after making voltage amplification better. R2 is a balance resistor to make the DC resistance to ground equal at the two input ends of the operational amplifier, and the bias current of the operational amplifier will not generate additional offset voltage.
When R4 is 100k Ω, i.e., 10 times larger, R2 is 9.09k Ω, and since there is no 9.09k Ω resistor, a 9.1k Ω resistor is used instead. The current limiting resistor R5 takes 1k omega.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of an application scenario of the temperature sampling module. In fig. 7, the line temperature is collected using a DS18B20 temperature sensor. The DS18B20 outputs digital signals, can directly read the measured temperature, can realize a 9-12 bit digital value reading mode through simple programming according to actual requirements, and has the characteristics of small volume, low hardware overhead, strong anti-interference capability, high precision and the like.
Fig. 8 is a view of an application scenario of the driving circuit. In fig. 8, the maximum output currents of the IO ports are 20mA and 8mA, respectively, and the IO ports are built thereinThe voltage is 3.3V, and the current limiting resistor R4 is set to be 1k omega for the safety of the protection device. The optical coupler adopts EL817S1, and the isolation voltage is 5000Vrms>>220Vrms, and meets the safety requirement of the device. The controllable silicon adopts JST137K-800E, and its off-state voltage is 800V>220V meets the requirement, the internal resistance RL is 30 omega, and the trigger current is 10 mA. When the resistance values of R1 and R2 are equal to each other, the result is obtained
Thus obtaining the value of R, wherein R1 ═ R2 ═ 1k Ω can be taken. R3 is connected in series with C1 and connected in parallel with two ends of the thyristor, which is an RC absorption circuit, and is a low power circuit, and its RC time constant is about 2ms, R3 is 220 Ω, and C1 is 0.01 uf.
When the circuit normally works, the IO port is at a low level, a light emitting diode in the optocoupler U1 is not conducted, two ends of the light emitting diode 34 are disconnected, the gate voltage of the thyristor is zero and is not conducted, and the mains supply flows back through the R3 and the C1; when the MCU judges that the circuit breaker is tripped, the IO port outputs a pulse signal, the light emitting diode is conducted, two ports of the optical coupler 34 are conducted, a gate pole of the silicon controlled rectifier has weak current flowing, the silicon controlled rectifier is conducted, commercial power flows back after passing through the silicon controlled rectifier, at the moment, a zero live wire is in short circuit, and the tripping mechanism acts to trip the circuit breaker.
Fig. 9 is an application scenario diagram of the WIFI communication circuit. In fig. 9, the ESP8266WiFi module is used to implement the function of communication with the outside. The chip uses a 3.3V direct-current power supply, has small volume, low power consumption, supports transparent transmission, has no serious packet loss phenomenon and has lower price. The specific module principle is as follows:
the peripheral circuit of the ESP8266 uses an RT9193-33 chip which is optimized for a battery power supply system so as to provide ultra-low noise and low quiescent current. A noise bypass pin may be used to further reduce output noise. The ground current of the regulator increases only slightly as it falls, further extending the life of the battery.
The GPIO _0 pin defaults to a high level and is in a running mode, and the low level is in a programming mode.
TXD and RXD are serial port transmission interfaces, are connected with MCU and carry out serial port communication.
The ESP8266 module has three common modes of operation. STA mode: the module is connected with the Internet through a router, and the mobile phone or the computer realizes the remote control of the equipment through the Internet. AP mode: the module is used as a hot spot, and a mobile phone or a computer is directly connected with the module to realize the wireless control of the local area network. STA + AP mode: the coexistence mode of the two modes can realize seamless switching through internet control, and the operation is convenient. The project mainly adopts an AP mode to control and establish a WiFi hotspot, can be connected through a mobile terminal, and accesses a leancloud cloud platform [8] to upload data. And writing a simple APP by using Hbuilder on a mobile terminal to realize control of an ESP8266 module and access to a cloud platform.
There are several ways of using ESP 8266: 1. using the AT instruction to operate; programming in the LUA language; arduino development environment programming. The AT instruction operation is adopted in the project, and the control of the module is realized through the instruction operation.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention combines the traditional circuit breaker with the Internet of things, so that the traditional circuit breaker can monitor and control the basic state of a circuit, and the new-generation circuit breaker has an intelligent Internet of things function based on a WiFi mode;
2. the circuit information is acquired by adopting circuits such as rectification, amplification, filtering and the like, and if the data is abnormal, the circuit breaker is tripped through a driving circuit; simultaneously, the information collected by the WIFI communication circuit is uploaded to the mobile terminal and the cloud terminal in real time, remote tripping can be carried out through the mobile terminal APP or the cloud terminal, real-time monitoring and big data analysis of the circuit breaker by a user are achieved, monitoring fault information is recorded, potential risks are effectively prevented, and the power utilization safety of the user is guaranteed.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode is characterized by comprising an electric leakage circuit breaker body and an Internet of things intelligent device arranged on the electric leakage circuit breaker body; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the intelligent device of the internet of things comprises a sampling circuit, a driving circuit, an MCU and a WIFI communication circuit;
one end of the sampling circuit is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the sampling circuit is connected with the first end of the MCU; the sampling circuit is used for acquiring the current, the residual current and the temperature on the electric leakage circuit breaker body in real time, conditioning the signals and sending the signals to the MCU through A/D conversion;
the second end of the MCU is connected with one end of the driving circuit, and the third end of the MCU is connected with one end of the WIFI communication circuit; the MCU is used for comparing the received current, residual current and temperature with corresponding preset current threshold values, residual current threshold values and temperature threshold values respectively, and outputting high-level pulse signals or low-level pulse signals to the driving circuit according to comparison results;
the other end of the driving circuit is connected with a voltage end of a tripping mechanism of the residual current circuit breaker body; the driving circuit is used for keeping a tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body not to act when receiving a low-level pulse signal; or when receiving a high-level pulse signal, driving a tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body to act to trip the leakage circuit breaker body;
the other end of the WIFI communication circuit is connected with a mobile terminal or a cloud terminal; the WIFI communication circuit is used for sending the current, the residual current and the temperature received by the MCU to a mobile terminal or a cloud terminal.
2. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode according to claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a current signal sampling module, a residual current sampling module and a temperature sampling module which are connected with the residual current circuit breaker body, a signal conditioning module and an A/D conversion module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the current signal sampling module is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the current signal sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting current on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
one end of the residual current sampling module is connected with the residual current circuit breaker body, and the other end of the residual current sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting residual current on the residual current circuit breaker body in real time;
one end of the temperature sampling module is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the temperature sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and used for collecting the temperature on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
the other end of the signal conditioning module is connected with one end of the A/D conversion module and is used for rectifying, amplifying and filtering the current, the residual current and the temperature on the leakage circuit breaker body which are acquired in real time;
the other end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the first end of the MCU and used for converting the current, the residual current and the temperature after rectification, amplification and filtering into digital signals from analog signals and sending the digital signals into the MCU.
3. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI manner of claim 2, wherein the current signal sampling module is a Hall current sensor.
4. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on the WIFI mode according to claim 2, wherein the residual current sampling module comprises a zero sequence transformer, a rectifier, an operational amplifier and an adjustable resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the zero sequence transformer is connected with the leakage circuit breaker body, and the other end of the zero sequence transformer is connected with one end of the rectifier and used for collecting residual current on the leakage circuit breaker body in real time;
the other end of the rectifier is connected with the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier and used for rectifying residual current on the leakage circuit breaker body;
the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the first end of the MCU and used for amplifying the rectified residual current;
and two ends of the adjustable resistor are respectively connected with the positive phase input end and the output end of the operational amplifier and used for enabling the amplified residual current to be collected by the MCU.
5. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI manner of claim 2, wherein the temperature sampling module adopts a temperature sensor with a model number of DS18B 20.
6. The WIFI-based IOT intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the driving circuit comprises an optocoupler, a thyristor, a first divider resistor, a second divider resistor and an RC high voltage absorption loop; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the optical coupler is connected with the second end of the MCU, and the output end of the optical coupler is respectively connected with one end of the first divider resistor and one end of the second divider resistor;
and two ends of the controlled silicon are respectively connected with the other end of the first divider resistor and the other end of the second divider resistor, and are connected in parallel with the positive voltage end and the negative voltage end of the tripping mechanism of the leakage circuit breaker body after being connected in parallel with two ends of the RC high-voltage absorption loop.
7. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode according to claim 6, wherein the optocoupler is of the type EL817S1, and the isolation voltage of the optocoupler is 5000 Vrms; the silicon controlled rectifier is in a JST137K-800E model, the off-state voltage of the silicon controlled rectifier is 800V, the internal resistance of the silicon controlled rectifier is 30 omega, and the trigger current of the silicon controlled rectifier is 10 mA; the RC high-voltage absorption circuit comprises a filter resistor and a filter capacitor which are connected in series; the resistance of the filter resistor is 220 omega, and the capacitance of the filter capacitor is 0.01 uf.
8. The Internet of things intelligent circuit breaker based on a WIFI mode according to claim 1, wherein the MCU is a single chip microcomputer of which the model is STM32f103RCT 6.
9. The WIFI-based IOT intelligent circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the WIFI communication circuit is a wireless module of model ESP8266 WiFi.
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| CN112017873A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-01 | 王云保 | Circuit breaker integrated with wireless temperature measuring sensor |
| CN113012998A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 北京中兆龙芯软件科技有限公司 | Intelligent internet-of-things type residual current operated circuit breaker |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |