CN111525127A - Graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material and preparation and application thereof. Compared with the prior art, the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material prepared by the invention has excellent electrochemical performance as a lithium ion battery cathode and has the electrochemical performance of 100 mA.g‑1The capacity of the battery can reach 608mAh g under the charge and discharge current‑1At 5A · g‑1Lower capacity of 390mAh g‑1Excellent rate performance efficiency ofThe stability is more than 90%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cathode materials, and relates to a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material and preparation and application thereof.
Background
Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) have the advantages of high energy density, low maintenance cost, low self-discharge and the like, and are one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage battery technologies at present. Long cycle life, low cost, high capacity are important parameters for secondary battery technology however, in classical commercial lithium batteries graphitic carbon is the most popular anode material with a theoretical specific capacity of only 372mA h g-1The development of new electrode materials with high energy density has become an important approach to meet the ever-increasing high performance demands.
Due to its single atom thickness, two-dimensional flexible structure and excellent physicochemical properties, it has attracted a wide range of attention worldwide in recent years. A large number of researches show that the graphene or the chemically modified graphene has great potential in various technical fields of field effect devices, chemical and biological sensors, energy storage materials, polymer composite materials, electrocatalysis and the like. Graphene is widely believed to play a central role in the future nanotechnology era. However, graphene has a defect in electrochemical aspects when used as a negative electrode material due to a defect such as a volume effect of graphene itself. At present, it is common practice to composite graphene with other materials. The present invention has been made in view of the above background.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material and preparation and application thereof.
CoP particles obtained by the method are uniformly dispersed on a graphene sheet layer, and the method has the advantages of simple process and mild conditionsAnd low cost. The graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material prepared by the invention has excellent electrochemical performance as a lithium ion battery cathode and has the electrochemical performance of 100 mA.g-1The capacity of the battery can reach 608mAh g under the charge and discharge current-1At 5A · g-1Lower capacity of 390mAh g-1The excellent rate performance efficiency of the device is stabilized to be more than 90 percent. The method provides good experimental data and theoretical support for the research and application of graphene and inorganic materials in the field of electrochemistry.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention provides a preparation method of a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 2-methylimidazole into methanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding cobalt nitrate into methanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding the solution B into the solution A, uniformly mixing, sealing and aging, centrifugally cleaning the obtained aged solution with methanol, and drying the obtained precipitate for later use;
(4) adding the dried precipitate in the step (3) into a graphene solution, stirring and mixing, adding sodium ascorbate, performing ultrasonic homogenization, and standing to obtain a hydrogel product;
(5) and (3) after the hydrogel product is freeze-dried, putting the hydrogel product and a phosphorus source into a calcining furnace for calcining treatment, thus obtaining the target product graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material.
Further, the adding amount of the solution B and the solution A meets the following requirements: the mass ratio of the 2-methylimidazole to the cobalt nitrate is (0.4-0.6): (0.6-0.8).
Further, in the step (3), the sealing and aging time is 48 hours.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the dried precipitate, the graphene and the sodium ascorbate is 2:1 (0.6-0.7). .
Further, ascorbic acid may be added in the form of a solution, which may have a concentration of 2mg-1。
Further, as solution B was slowly added to solution A, the mixture gradually turned deep purple.
Further, in the step (4), the standing process conditions are as follows: standing at 95 deg.C for 2-3 hr.
Further, in the step (5), the phosphorus source is sodium hypophosphite.
Further, in the step (5), the mass ratio of the phosphorus source to the aerogel is 3-4: 1.
Further, in the step (5), the calcining conditions are as follows: under the nitrogen atmosphere, the treatment is carried out for 2-4h at the temperature of 300-400 ℃. Furthermore, the temperature rise rate can be 2-3 ℃/min during calcination.
The second technical scheme of the invention provides a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material prepared by the preparation method.
The third technical scheme of the invention provides application of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material in preparation of a lithium ion battery.
2-methylimidazole and cobalt nitrate are mainly subjected to metal ion coordination and mutual aging reaction to finally form an MOF material ZIF-67, the ZIF-67 can be calcined in an air atmosphere to form cobalt oxide, a phosphorus source (sodium hypophosphite) is added in the calcining process, and the product of the calcined phosphorus source and the ZIF-67 are subjected to a phosphating reaction to finally form a CoP material.
The graphene oxide can be self-assembled to form a three-dimensional porous structure after being reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the material can be improved. The graphene oxide is added with a reducing agent and then is kept stand at 95 ℃, so that the reduction of the graphene oxide can be further promoted.
The temperature condition during phosphorization adopts the low-temperature calcination during general phosphorization: 300-400 ℃, the final effect of the phosphorization can be influenced by too high or too low temperature, and the temperature rise speed is low, so that the phosphorization reaction can be more sufficient in the calcining process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material is prepared by a one-step calcination method, and after calcination is completed, a composite material of CoP and graphene is directly obtained, so that the method is efficient, simple and convenient;
(2) the invention takes 2-methylimidazole, cobalt nitrate, methanol, graphene, sodium ascorbate, sodium hypophosphite and the like as raw materials, and the raw materials are designable and have low cost;
(3) the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material prepared by the method has high reversible capacity, very good cycle stability and rate capability, and has wide application prospect in the field of lithium ion batteries.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM topography of a graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the cycle performance of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide material obtained in example 1 and the cobalt phosphide material obtained in comparative example 1 as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery;
fig. 3 is a graph of rate performance of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide material obtained in example 1 and the cobalt phosphide material obtained in comparative example 1 as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, raw materials or processing techniques are all conventional and commercially available products or conventional processing techniques in the art.
Example 1
Firstly, preparing a ZIF-67 material:
(1-1) firstly, adding 0.49g of 2-methylimidazole into 50mL of methanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A; then adding 0.68g of cobalt nitrate into 50mL of methanol, uniformly stirring to obtain a solution B, slowly adding the solution B into the solution A, after uniform stirring, filling the solution into a container, packaging with a preservative film, and aging for 48 hours;
(1-2) after 48h, centrifugally cleaning the obtained solution with methanol for 3-5 times, controlling the rotation speed of 7000 once centrifugal cleaning to be 9000rmp, and the time to be 7-10min, and after cleaning, putting the obtained precipitate into a vacuum drying box to remove moisture.
Step two, preparing the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material:
(2-1) the prepared ZIF-67 was then added to a graphene solution (12mg of ZIF-67 with 6mg of graphene, 3mg ml graphene concentration)-1) Neutralizing and stirring for a long time. To the resulting mixed solution was added a sodium ascorbate solution (2 mg ml in concentration)-1Adding 4ml) of the mixture, uniformly performing ultrasonic treatment, standing in an oven at 95 ℃ for 2 hours, freeze-drying the obtained hydrogel, finally putting the aerogel into a calcining furnace, simultaneously putting a phosphorus source (namely sodium hypophosphite with the addition amount being 3 times of the mass of the precursor material) into the calcining furnace, simultaneously calcining, controlling the calcining temperature to be about 350 ℃ and the calcining time to be about 3 hours, and finally obtaining the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material.
The morphology of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material is shown in figure 1, and it can be obviously seen that the three-dimensional porous structure of the composite material can be more fully contacted with an electrolyte and provides a more convenient channel for diffusion of lithium ions, so that the conductivity is improved. b shows that CoP nano particles are uniformly dispersed on the graphene sheet layer, the volume effect of the nano-scale particles can be effectively inhibited, and the active substances can be more rapidly diffused, so that the performance is improved.
And (2-2) assembling a lithium ion button type half battery by taking the obtained composite material as a lithium ion battery negative electrode material, and taking an aerogel composite material pressing sheet as the lithium battery negative electrode material and a pure lithium sheet as a counter electrode. Electrochemical test is carried out by using a button type half cell, and the cycle performance diagram and the rate performance diagram are respectively shown in figures 2 and 3 at 100mA mg-1Has higher and stable capacity and can still maintain 600mAh mg after 50 cycles-1The capacity of the device is improved, and the coulombic efficiency of more than 95% can be always kept.
It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the composite material has excellent rate capability and reaches 5mA m at the current densityg-1Can still reach 400mAh mg-1The capacity of (c). Excellent stability was maintained at each current density.
Comparative example 1:
compared to example 1, most of them are the same except that no graphene is added.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, compared to example 1, the graphene component is omitted in comparative example 1, and the cycle performance and rate performance of the finally obtained composite material are significantly reduced.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding 2-methylimidazole into methanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding cobalt nitrate into methanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding the solution B into the solution A, uniformly mixing, sealing and aging, centrifugally cleaning the obtained aged solution with methanol, and drying the obtained precipitate for later use;
(4) adding the dried precipitate in the step (3) into a graphene solution, stirring and mixing, adding sodium ascorbate, performing ultrasonic homogenization, and standing to obtain a hydrogel product;
(5) and (3) after the hydrogel product is freeze-dried, putting the hydrogel product and a phosphorus source into a calcining furnace for calcining treatment, thus obtaining the target product graphene-based cobalt phosphide cathode material.
2. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amounts of the solution B and the solution A are as follows: the mass ratio of the 2-methylimidazole to the cobalt nitrate is (0.4-0.6): (0.6-0.8).
3. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the sealing and aging time is 48 h.
4. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the dried precipitate to the graphene to the sodium ascorbate is 2:1 (0.6-0.7).
5. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the standing process conditions are as follows: standing at 95 deg.C for 2-3 hr.
6. The method for preparing the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the phosphorus source is sodium hypophosphite.
7. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the mass ratio of the phosphorus source to the aerogel is 3-4: 1.
8. The preparation method of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the calcination conditions are as follows: under the nitrogen atmosphere, the treatment is carried out for 2-4h at the temperature of 300-400 ℃.
9. A graphene-based cobalt phosphide negative electrode material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the graphene-based cobalt phosphide anode material of claim 9 in the preparation of a lithium ion battery.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN112186151A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-05 | 中国计量大学 | Cobalt phosphide nanoparticle inlaid carbon nanosheet array material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN112591728A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-02 | 四川大学 | Waste paper aerogel, aerogel derivative and preparation method thereof |
| CN113134373A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-20 | 大连海事大学 | Composite catalyst for advanced oxidation treatment of sulfonamide antibiotics in water and preparation method thereof |
| CN115254157A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene oxide loaded RuO 2 -CoP 4 And preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115347323A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-15 | 陕西科技大学 | BC-loaded MOFs-derived CNF/CoP composite material and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN115463676A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene oxide loaded Ru-CoP based aerogel and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023071337A1 (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-05-04 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing graphene-based sodium ion battery negative electrode material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112186151A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-05 | 中国计量大学 | Cobalt phosphide nanoparticle inlaid carbon nanosheet array material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN112591728A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-02 | 四川大学 | Waste paper aerogel, aerogel derivative and preparation method thereof |
| CN113134373A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-20 | 大连海事大学 | Composite catalyst for advanced oxidation treatment of sulfonamide antibiotics in water and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115254157A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene oxide loaded RuO 2 -CoP 4 And preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115463676A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene oxide loaded Ru-CoP based aerogel and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115463676B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-05-23 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene oxide loaded Ru-CoP-based aerogel and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115347323A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-15 | 陕西科技大学 | BC-loaded MOFs-derived CNF/CoP composite material and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN115347323B (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-04-02 | 陕西科技大学 | BC loaded MOFs derived CNF/CoP composite material applied to Li-S battery diaphragm and preparation and application methods thereof |
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