CN111522155A - Four-port polarization-related optical circulator - Google Patents
Four-port polarization-related optical circulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111522155A CN111522155A CN202010379847.0A CN202010379847A CN111522155A CN 111522155 A CN111522155 A CN 111522155A CN 202010379847 A CN202010379847 A CN 202010379847A CN 111522155 A CN111522155 A CN 111522155A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
- G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
Abstract
The invention provides a four-port polarization-related optical circulator which comprises a first double-tail fiber collimator, a first polarization light splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation element, a second polarization light splitting element and a second double-tail fiber collimator which are sequentially arranged along the direction of an optical path. The present case has not only left out the use of wave plate, has saved the cost greatly, also makes the volume of whole optical circulator littleer, owing to use the double-tailed collimator, and the optic fibre port all distributes in both sides, and simple structure occupation space is little, and coils the fine more easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical devices, in particular to a four-port polarization-dependent optical circulator.
Background
The optical circulator is widely applied to the field of fiber lasers or fiber sensing, while the traditional polarization-dependent optical circulator generally adopts PBS cubes to change the light path as shown in FIG. 1, not only has high price and large volume, but also needs to use a plurality of PBS cubes, and also adopts wave plates to perform optical rotation, thus being not beneficial to controlling the cost, having complex structure, leading four ports to be independently separated, causing the volume occupied by the packaging assembly to be larger, and leading the separation of the outgoing line direction of the ports to be not beneficial to arranging and coiling fibers of devices.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a polarization dependent optical circulator that is less costly, simple in construction and optimized for port placement.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides an optical circulator related to four-port polarization, which is characterized by comprising a first double-pigtail collimator, a first polarization splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation element, a second polarization splitting element, and a second double-pigtail collimator, which are sequentially arranged along an optical path direction, wherein the first double-pigtail collimator comprises a first polarization maintaining fiber and a second polarization maintaining fiber, a cat eye connecting line of the first polarization maintaining fiber is perpendicular to a cat eye connecting line of the second polarization maintaining fiber, the second double-pigtail collimator comprises a third polarization maintaining fiber and a fourth polarization maintaining fiber, a cat eye connecting line of the third polarization maintaining fiber is perpendicular to a cat eye connecting line of the fourth polarization maintaining fiber, a first fiber core connecting line is formed by a connecting line between the first polarization maintaining fiber and the second polarization maintaining fiber, a second fiber core connecting line is formed by a connecting line between the third polarization maintaining fiber and the fourth polarization maintaining fiber, and a preset included angle is formed between the first fiber core connecting line and the second fiber core connecting line, on the projection of the light path direction, a preset included angle is formed between the optical axis of the first polarization light splitting element and the optical axis of the second polarization light splitting element.
It can be seen from the above scheme that, by sequentially arranging a first double-tail fiber collimator, a first polarization beam splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation element, a second polarization beam splitting element, and a second double-tail fiber collimator along a light path direction, and including two polarization maintaining fibers in the double-tail fiber collimator, a four-port arrangement is formed, in the specific arrangement, two cat-eye connecting lines of the same double-tail fiber collimator are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the second polarization beam splitting element and the second double-tail fiber collimator are rotated around the light path direction, so that a preset included angle is formed between a first fiber core connecting line and a second fiber core connecting line, a preset included angle is formed between an optical axis of the first polarization beam splitting element and an optical axis of the second polarization beam splitting element, and then polarized light output from the first double-tail fiber collimator passes through the magneto-optical rotation element to be input to the deflected second polarization beam splitting element and the second double-tail fiber collimator, then can make the polarized light after the angle of rotation couple into the two tail fiber collimators of second, can realize the circulator function of four ports finally, the present case has not only left out the use of wave plate, has saved the cost greatly, also makes the volume of whole optical circulator littleer, owing to use two tail collimators, the optic fibre port all distributes in both sides, and simple structure occupation space is little, and coil the fibre more easily.
In a further embodiment, the first polarization splitting element includes two first birefringent crystals connected to each other by inclined planes, optical axes of the two first birefringent crystals are perpendicular to each other, and an optical axis of the first birefringent crystal near one side of the first double-tail fiber collimator is parallel to the first fiber core connection line.
In a further embodiment, the second polarization splitting element includes two second birefringent crystals connected to each other by inclined planes, optical axes of the two second birefringent crystals are perpendicular to each other, and an optical axis of the second birefringent crystal near one side of the second double-pigtail collimator is parallel to the second core connection line.
In a further scheme, a preset included angle is formed between the optical axis of the first birefringent crystal close to one side of the first double-tail fiber collimator and the optical axis of the second birefringent crystal close to one side of the second double-tail fiber collimator.
In a further aspect, the first birefringent crystal and/or the second birefringent crystal is made of yttrium vanadate crystal or lithium niobate crystal.
Therefore, the polarization beam splitting element can adopt a Wollaston prism, particularly a birefringent crystal with two connected inclined planes, and the PBS is changed into the Wollaston prism with lower cost, so that the cost can be further controlled, the optical path can be optimized, and the optical path can be input or output at two sides. And the arrangement of the connecting line of the optical axis parallel to the fiber core and the arrangement of the preset included angle improve the coupling efficiency and reduce the loss.
The first double-tail fiber collimator further comprises a first capillary tube and a first focusing lens, the first capillary tube is provided with two first mounting holes extending along the axial direction, and the first polarization-maintaining fiber and the second polarization-maintaining fiber are respectively arranged in one first mounting hole; the first focusing lens is positioned on the same side of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the first focusing lens is positioned between the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the first polarization splitting element.
The second double-tail fiber collimator also comprises a second capillary tube and a second focusing lens, the second capillary tube is provided with two second mounting holes extending along the axial direction, and the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber are respectively arranged in one second mounting hole; the second focusing lens is positioned on the same side of the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the second focusing lens is positioned between the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the second polarization splitting element.
From the above, it can be seen that the capillary tube provides stable installation and fixation for the two polarization maintaining optical fibers.
Still further, the predetermined angle is 45 °.
Therefore, under the condition of proper external magnetic field intensity and length of the magneto-optical rotation element, the polarized light can rotate 45 degrees in the polarization direction after passing through the magneto-optical rotation element, and then the second polarization beam splitter element and the second double-pigtail collimator are matched with the deflection angle of the polarized light, so that the polarized light can be efficiently coupled and enter the polarization-maintaining optical fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art four-port polarization dependent optical circulator.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structures from port 1 to port 2 in the embodiment of the optical circulator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structures from port 2 to port 3 in the embodiment of the optical circulator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structures from port 3 to port 4 in the embodiment of the optical circulator of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first polarization beam splitting element in an embodiment of an optical circulator of the present invention.
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the present disclosure provides a four-port polarization-dependent optical circulator, including a first double-pigtail collimator, a first polarization beam splitter C, a magneto-optical rotator D, a second polarization beam splitter C1, and a second double-pigtail collimator, which are sequentially arranged along an optical path direction.
The first double-pigtail collimator comprises a first capillary tube A, a first focusing lens B, a first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and a second polarization maintaining fiber 23, the first capillary tube is provided with two first mounting holes extending along the axial direction, the two first mounting holes are arranged around the axis in a symmetric mode, the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and the second polarization maintaining fiber 23 are respectively arranged in one first mounting hole, the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and the second polarization maintaining fiber 23 are also arranged in a symmetric mode, the first focusing lens is located on the same side of the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and the second polarization maintaining fiber 23, and the first focusing lens is located between the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and the first polarization splitting element C. A gap and an opposite slope, typically an 8 ° slope, are provided between the first capillary tube a and the first focusing lens B. The cat-eye connecting line L1 of the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 is perpendicular to the cat-eye connecting line L2 of the second polarization maintaining fiber 23.
The structure of the second double-pigtail collimator is the same as that of the first double-pigtail collimator, the second double-pigtail collimator comprises a second capillary A1, a second focusing lens B1, a third polarization maintaining optical fiber 32 and a fourth polarization maintaining optical fiber 33, the second capillary is provided with two second mounting holes extending along the axial direction, the third polarization maintaining optical fiber 32 and the fourth polarization maintaining optical fiber 33 are respectively arranged in one second mounting hole, the second focusing lens is positioned on the same side of the third polarization maintaining optical fiber 32 and the fourth polarization maintaining optical fiber 33, the second focusing lens is positioned between the third polarization maintaining optical fiber 32 and the second polarization splitting element C1, and the first capillary A and the first focusing lens B are opposite through an 8-degree inclined plane. The cat-eye line of the third polarization maintaining fiber 32 is perpendicular to the cat-eye line of the fourth polarization maintaining fiber 33.
The first polarization beam splitting element C and the second polarization beam splitting element C1 adopt the same device, and the first polarization beam splitting element C is described below as an example, the first polarization beam splitting element C includes a first birefringent crystal 41 and a first birefringent crystal 42, the first birefringent crystals 41 and 42 are both arranged in a trapezoidal shape, the first birefringent crystals 41 and 42 are both provided with inclined surfaces, the two inclined surfaces are connected to form the first polarization beam splitting element C, that is, a wollaston prism is formed, the first birefringent crystal is made of yttrium vanadate (YVO4) crystal or lithium niobate (LINO3) crystal, the optical axes of the two first birefringent crystals 41 and 42 are perpendicular to each other, and when O light, E light or non-polarized light enters the first polarization beam splitting element C, light is emitted along the O optical path or the E optical path correspondingly. And the second polarization beam splitter C1 includes two second birefringent crystals connected by inclined planes, and the optical axes of the two second birefringent crystals are perpendicular to each other. The distance between the first polarization maintaining fiber and the second polarization maintaining fiber is 143 μm, the distance between the third polarization maintaining fiber and the fourth polarization maintaining fiber is 143 μm, the curvatures of the two focusing lenses can be set to be R1.8 mm, the angle of the trapezoidal inclined plane of the Wollaston prism needs to match the angle of the double-tail collimator, and the angle of the trapezoidal inclined plane can be set to be 7.8-8.5 degrees.
On the projection of the light path direction, i.e. the axial projection direction of the first capillary, the connection line between the first polarization maintaining fiber 22 and the second polarization maintaining fiber 23 forms a first fiber core connection line L3, the connection line between the third polarization maintaining fiber 32 and the fourth polarization maintaining fiber 33 forms a second fiber core connection line L4, the optical axis of the first birefringent crystal 41 near the first double-pigtail collimator side is parallel to the first fiber core connection line L3, the optical axis of the second birefringent crystal near the second double-pigtail collimator side is parallel to the second fiber core connection line L4, the first fiber core connection line L3 and the second fiber core connection line L4 are arranged with a preset fiber core included angle, the optical axis of the first birefringent crystal near the first double-pigtail collimator side and the second birefringent crystal near the second double-pigtail collimator side are arranged with a preset included angle, i.e. the second polarization splitting element C1 rotates a preset angle around the light path direction relative to the first polarization splitting element C, the second double-tail fiber collimator rotates around the light path direction by the same preset angle relative to the first double-tail fiber collimator in the same direction. Preferably, the preset included angle and the preset angle are both 45 °.
When the optical circulator works and polarized light is transmitted from the port 1 to the port 2, referring to a polarization state schematic diagram of fig. 2, the polarization state schematic diagram shows a polarization state when the current device outputs, linearly polarized light input by the port 1 is transmitted, and when the linearly polarized light is transmitted to the first polarization splitting element C, the linearly polarized light is adjusted by an optical path to be output close to the middle part and then input to the magneto-optical rotation element D, the magneto-optical rotation element D can adopt yttrium iron garnet, bismuth to replace rare earth iron garnet or Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG) crystals, a magnetic field is arranged on the periphery of the magneto-optical rotation element D, and the linearly polarized light can rotate 45 degrees in the polarization direction after passing through the magneto-optical rotation element D by adjusting the magnetic field strength and the length of the TGG crystals. Then output to the second polarization beam splitter C1, and then adjust the transmission path downward due to the rotation of the second polarization beam splitter C1 and the second double-pigtail collimator, and finally couple into the fourth polarization maintaining fiber 33 and output from the port 2. And linearly polarized light is input from the slow axis of the first polarization maintaining fiber, so the correspondingly linearly polarized light is output from the slow axis of the fourth polarization maintaining fiber. Optical path isolation of port 1 to port 3 is also achieved at this time.
Referring to fig. 3, when the polarized light is transmitted from the port 2 to the port 3, the linearly polarized light input from the port 2 is transmitted, and when the polarized light is transmitted to the second polarization splitting element C1, the linearly polarized light is adjusted by the light path and output along the middle portion, then input to the magneto-optical rotation element D, output to the first polarization splitting element C after rotating by 45 ° in the polarization direction, pass through the downward adjustment transmission light path of the first polarization splitting element C, finally couple into the second polarization maintaining fiber 23, and output from the port 3, and the linearly polarized light is input from the slow axis of the fourth polarization maintaining fiber, so the correspondingly linearly polarized light is output from the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining fiber. Meanwhile, port 2-port 1 optical path isolation is also realized.
Referring to fig. 4, when the polarized light is transmitted from the port 3 to the port 4, the linearly polarized light input from the port 3 is transmitted, and when the polarized light is transmitted to the first polarization splitting element C, the linearly polarized light is adjusted by the light path and output along the middle portion, then input to the magneto-optical rotation element D, output from the second polarization splitting element C1 after rotating by 45 ° in the polarization direction, pass through the upward adjustment transmission light path of the second polarization splitting element C1, finally couple into the third polarization maintaining optical fiber 32, and output from the port 4, and the linearly polarized light is input from the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining optical fiber, so the correspondingly linearly polarized light is output from the slow axis of the third polarization maintaining optical fiber. Meanwhile, port 3-port 2 optical path isolation is also realized. Similarly, the polarized light entering from the port 4 can be output from the port 1, and the optical path isolation from the port 4 to the port 3 is also realized. It can be seen that the cyclic input and output of the four ports of the optical circulator is implemented.
The scheme has more variation forms at that time, the light path has reversibility, namely the first double-tail fiber collimator, the first polarization beam splitting element C, the magneto-optical rotation element D, the second polarization beam splitting element C1 and the second double-tail fiber collimator are sequentially arranged along the reverse direction of the light path, the purpose of the invention can be realized, the preset angle can be adjusted except for the conventional 45 degrees, and the specific requirement can be adjusted according to the rotation angle and the use requirement of the magneto-optical rotation element. The linear polarized light can also be transmitted along the fast axis of the polarization maintaining fiber, and the modification can achieve the purpose of the invention and is in the effective protection of the invention.
Therefore, the scheme not only omits the use of a wave plate, greatly saves the cost, but also enables the volume of the whole optical circulator to be smaller, reduces the assembly, simplifies the assembly process, improves the production efficiency, reduces the arrangement of devices, can generate a large amount of heat during high-power transmission, and easily causes the dispersion problem at high temperature, so the scheme can reduce the dispersion and improve the isolation of the wavelength. Because the double-tail collimator is used, the optical fiber ports are distributed on two sides, the structure is simple, the occupied space is small, and the optical fiber coiling is easier.
Claims (10)
1. The four-port polarization-related optical circulator is characterized by comprising a first double-tail fiber collimator, a first polarization light splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation element, a second polarization light splitting element and a second double-tail fiber collimator which are sequentially arranged along the direction of an optical path;
the first double-pigtail collimator comprises a first polarization maintaining fiber and a second polarization maintaining fiber, a cat eye connecting line of the first polarization maintaining fiber is perpendicular to a cat eye connecting line of the second polarization maintaining fiber, the second double-pigtail collimator comprises a third polarization maintaining fiber and a fourth polarization maintaining fiber, and a cat eye connecting line of the third polarization maintaining fiber is perpendicular to a cat eye connecting line of the fourth polarization maintaining fiber;
on the projection of the light path direction, a first fiber core connecting line is formed by a connecting line between the first polarization maintaining fiber and the second polarization maintaining fiber, a second fiber core connecting line is formed by a connecting line between the third polarization maintaining fiber and the fourth polarization maintaining fiber, and the first fiber core connecting line and the second fiber core connecting line are arranged at a preset included angle;
and on the projection of the light path direction, the optical axis of the first polarization beam splitting element and the optical axis of the second polarization beam splitting element are arranged at the preset included angle.
2. An optical circulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the first polarization light splitting element comprises two first birefringent crystals connected with each other through inclined planes, the optical axes of the two first birefringent crystals are mutually perpendicular, and the optical axis of the first birefringent crystal close to one side of the first double-tail fiber collimator is parallel to the first fiber core connecting line.
3. An optical circulator as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the second polarization light splitting element comprises two second birefringent crystals connected with each other through inclined planes, optical axes of the two second birefringent crystals are perpendicular to each other, and the optical axis of the second birefringent crystal close to one side of the second double-tail fiber collimator is parallel to the second fiber core connecting line.
4. An optical circulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the optical axis of the first birefringent crystal close to one side of the first double-tail fiber collimator and the second birefringent crystal close to one side of the second double-tail fiber collimator are arranged at the preset included angle.
5. An optical circulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the first birefringent crystal and/or the second birefringent crystal is/are made of yttrium vanadate crystal or lithium niobate crystal.
6. An optical circulator as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein:
the inclined plane of the first birefringent crystal is arranged at an angle of 7.8-8.5 degrees;
the inclined plane of the second birefringent crystal is arranged at an angle of 7.8-8.5 degrees.
7. An optical circulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
the first double-pigtail collimator further comprises a first capillary tube and a first focusing lens, the first capillary tube is provided with two first mounting holes extending along the axial direction, and the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber are respectively arranged in one first mounting hole;
the first focusing lens is positioned on the same side of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the first focusing lens is positioned between the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the first polarization splitting element.
8. An optical circulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
the second double-pigtail collimator further comprises a second capillary tube and a second focusing lens, the second capillary tube is provided with two second mounting holes extending along the axial direction, and the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber are respectively arranged in one second mounting hole;
the second focusing lens is positioned on the same side of the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the second focusing lens is positioned between the third polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the second polarization splitting element.
9. An optical circulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
the preset angle is 45 °.
10. An optical circulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
the magneto-optical rotation element adopts yttrium iron garnet, bismuth-substituted rare earth iron garnet or terbium gallium garnet crystal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010379847.0A CN111522155A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Four-port polarization-related optical circulator |
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| CN202010379847.0A CN111522155A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Four-port polarization-related optical circulator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115963602A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-14 | 武汉灵途传感科技有限公司 | Polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator |
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| CN115963602A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-14 | 武汉灵途传感科技有限公司 | Polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator |
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