CN111522062A - Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis - Google Patents
Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111522062A CN111522062A CN201910271274.7A CN201910271274A CN111522062A CN 111522062 A CN111522062 A CN 111522062A CN 201910271274 A CN201910271274 A CN 201910271274A CN 111522062 A CN111522062 A CN 111522062A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- amplitude
- frequency
- time
- volcanic
- seismic data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011426 transformation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/364—Seismic filtering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/20—Trace signal pre-filtering to select, remove or transform specific events or signal components, i.e. trace-in/trace-out
- G01V2210/21—Frequency-domain filtering, e.g. band pass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/40—Transforming data representation
- G01V2210/48—Other transforms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
An underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis, one, preferably drilled; secondly, well time depth calibration is optimized; thirdly, making seismic data of different frequency bands to synthesize seismic records; fourthly, calculating the reflection amplitude ratio of volcanic rock and the underburden in different frequency band seismic data and synthetic record; fifthly, selecting a frequency band with the ratio close to 1 as a subsequent seismic data amplitude compensation reference frequency band; sixthly, calculating the root mean square amplitude of the volcanic stratum and the underburden in the actual data; decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in a time-frequency domain; eighthly, carrying out weighted amplitude compensation on the seismic data of different frequency bands to ensure that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overburden stratum to the underburden stratum in each frequency band is consistent; ninthly, completing the frequency division amplitude compensation of the time-frequency domain; comparing seismic data of different frequency bands and full frequency bands to compensate energy changes and performing quality control analysis, and circulating four to nine times when the compensation effect is not ideal; the method is simple and efficient in amplitude preservation, and the problem that the energy of the overlying high-speed volcanic rocks is shielded to weaken the reflected energy of the underlying stratum is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil and gas field exploration technology for seismic data processing of large and medium oil and gas field exploration under complex geological conditions, in particular to an underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis.
Background
The continuous increase of reserves of volcanic oil and gas reservoirs has become one of the important fields of exploration and development in China. In a volcanic development area, because volcanic self and sedimentary rock are greatly different in physical properties, the volcanic has the characteristics of high speed and high density, and has extremely strong shielding and absorbing effects on seismic waves, so that the reflection energy of a volcanic underlying stratum is extremely weakened, the seismic data quality of the volcanic underlying stratum is poor, and great difficulty is brought to the fine research of a structure, a reservoir, reserves and ODP. Therefore, the research on the fine identification, reasonable energy recovery and enhancement technology of the effective reflected wave of the volcanic rock underburden is very important. Seismic data energy compensation processing is an effective means to improve reflection from the volcanic underburden.
The purpose of the seismic data energy compensation processing is to eliminate the variation of seismic signal characteristics (amplitude, frequency, phase, waveform and the like) caused by non-geological factors as much as possible through the analysis processing of field seismic signals, so that the characteristic variation of the seismic signals and the geological variation of underground strata achieve the optimal matching, namely, the relative relation of the dynamic characteristics of the seismic signals among all points on the final result section, particularly the amplitude characteristic of reflected waves, is kept, and the relative relation not only comprises the relative amplitude relation of different strata on the vertical direction and the same stratum on the horizontal direction, but also comprises the change rule of the amplitude of the same reflection point along with the offset. How to achieve accurate imaging in the process of processing seismic data in a volcanic rock development area and ensure that the wave group characteristic relative relationship of volcanic rock mass and underlying stratum is unchanged is a subject worth deep research on seismic data energy compensation processing.
The energy of the waves during seismic wave propagation attenuates with the increase of the propagation distance and obeys the reflection-transmission theorem, so that when the seismic waves encounter a high-speed and high-density strong impedance interface, the transmission energy to the underlying stratum is smaller. Seismic data processing is generally directed to the above problem by using spherical dispersion compensation and surface-consistent amplitude compensation techniques to recover the energy attenuation due to the increase in propagation distance. However, for the problem of energy weakening of the underburden caused by the influence of the overburden volcanic formation, the current industry mostly adopts a mode based on root mean square amplitude gain control to solve the problem, but the method destroys the relative energy relation between amplitudes and is a processing means without amplitude preservation. Therefore, the elimination of the lithologic influence of the overburden becomes a key point for amplitude-preserved imaging and processing of the volcanic underburden.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an amplitude compensation method of an underburden based on volcanic rock shielding quantitative analysis, which is a method which is simpler, more efficient and more amplitude-preserving and can eliminate the weakening of the reflected energy of the underburden caused by the overlying high-speed volcanic rock energy shielding.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses an underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, selecting a drilled well to be referred, selecting the well to be drilled to a target layer, wherein the well diameter quality is good, the well with complete speed and density curves is used as a reference well for amplitude recovery, and the preferred well bit planes are required to be distributed relatively uniformly;
secondly, fine time depth calibration, namely performing time depth calibration on the well optimized in the first step and outputting a time depth relation;
thirdly, respectively manufacturing synthetic seismic records of seismic data of different frequency bands aiming at the target interval, wherein the time-depth relation adopts the time-depth relation in the second step;
fourthly, under the same time window length, respectively calculating the ratio of the seismic data of different frequency bands to the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and underburden in the synthetic record
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai；
Fifthly, selecting the ratio gamma of the four stepsiThe frequency band close to 1 is used as a reference frequency band for amplitude compensation of subsequent seismic data;
sixthly, calculating the root mean square amplitude of the volcanic rock stratum and the underburden in the actual data according to the reference frequency band determined in the step five, and recording the energy ratio as l;
seventhly, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in a time-frequency domain based on generalized S forward transform;
eighthly, performing weighted amplitude compensation on the seismic data of different frequency bands by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the step six as a basis to ensure that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overburden to the underburden in each frequency band is basically consistent;
ninth, adopting generalized S transformation inverse transformation to convert the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all frequency division data to complete time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation;
and tenth, respectively comparing energy changes before and after compensation of seismic data of different frequency bands and full frequency bands, performing quality control analysis, and circulating the fourth to ninth steps when the compensation effect is not ideal.
The foregoing underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis, wherein,
extracting well-seismic combined wavelets, performing convolution on the well-seismic combined wavelets and reflection coefficients to form a synthetic seismic record, and performing time shifting and stretching compression on the synthetic record to finish calibration of the synthetic record and actual seismic data; performing time depth calibration on all the wells optimized in the step one, and outputting a time depth relation;
performing convolution on the Rake wavelets and the reflection coefficients of different frequency bands to form synthetic seismic records of different frequency bands, and completing calibration by adopting the time depth relation of the second step;
the fourth step is to calculate the ratio of the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and the underlying stratum in the different frequency band seismic data and the synthetic record respectively according to the same time window length
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai；
Sixthly, calculating the root-mean-square amplitude of the volcanic rock stratum and the underburden in the actual data corresponding to the reference frequency band determined in the fifth step, and taking the energy ratio l as an upper limit threshold value of amplitude compensation of the volcanic underburden; (ii) a
The seventh step, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain based on the generalized S forward transform, is to adopt A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters decompose the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain by a generalized S transformation method,
for a seismic data volume, the coordinates of x, y and t are subjected to generalized S transformation in the t domain to obtain a four-dimensional data volume with the independent variables of x, y, t and f, wherein A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters are amplitude, energy attenuation, energy delay, center frequency and phase delay;
the eighth step, the seismic data of different frequency bands are subjected to weighted amplitude compensation by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the seventh step as a basis, so that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overlying strata to the underlying strata in each frequency band is basically consistent; because the low-frequency attenuation degree is less than the high-frequency component, the medium-frequency and high-frequency components in the earthquake are generally compensated by taking the amplitude longitudinal distribution form of the medium-frequency and low-frequency components in the earthquake as a reference, and the frequency division energy compensation factors are as follows:
wherein gamma is a time-frequency scale factor, frIs a reference frequency band;
the ninth step, adopting the generalized S transformation inverse transformation shown in the formula (3) to transform the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all the frequency division data to complete the time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation,
signal
Is an approximation of the original signal.
The underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis has the beneficial effects that: the method quantitatively analyzes the energy shielding caused by the volcanic through well seismic calibration comparison, takes the ratio of the amplitude of the volcanic in a reference frequency band to the amplitude of the underburden as a threshold, and completes compensation processing of energy attenuation of the underburden in a time-frequency domain by introducing 5-parameter generalized S transformation. The method considers the influence of a special geologic body on the reflection amplitude of the underburden, eliminates the influence, ensures the real reflection of the underburden, improves the reliability of amplitude compensation by introducing well drilling information, better accords with the actual attenuation characteristics of different seismic wave propagation, and has more objective compensation amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention of amplitude compensation of an underburden based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis.
FIG. 2 is a calibration of different frequency component seismic data and synthetic seismic records according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the amplitude ratio of seismic data of different frequency bands of actual wells in volcanic development area and the synthetic record thereof.
FIG. 4 is a graph of amplitude ratios of 14HzRicker wavelet synthetic logs of the present invention versus igneous underburden at different well sites.
FIG. 5A is a seismic record of the wedge model of the present invention
Fig. 5B is the fourier transform bandpass filtering result of the present invention.
FIG. 5C shows the result of the generalized S-transform division according to the present invention
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the seismic high frequency component of the present invention taken prior to compensation in the 25-35Hz frequency band.
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the seismic high frequency component of the present invention after 25-35Hz frequency band compensation.
FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the volcanic subsurface seismic energy compensation system of the present invention.
FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a seismic reflection energy compensated subsurface formation of volcanic rocks in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the amplitude compensation method of underburden based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, selecting a drilled well to be referred, selecting the well to be drilled to a target layer, wherein the well diameter quality is good, the well with complete speed and density curves is used as a reference well for amplitude recovery, and the preferred well bit planes are required to be distributed relatively uniformly;
secondly, fine time depth calibration, namely performing time depth calibration on the well optimized in the first step and outputting a time depth relation;
thirdly, respectively manufacturing synthetic seismic records of seismic data of different frequency bands aiming at the target interval, wherein the time-depth relation adopts the time-depth relation in the second step;
fourthly, under the same time window length, respectively calculating the ratio of the seismic data of different frequency bands to the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and underburden in the synthetic record
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai；
Fifthly, selecting the ratio gamma of the four stepsiThe frequency band close to 1 is used as a reference frequency band for amplitude compensation of subsequent seismic data;
sixthly, calculating the root mean square amplitude of the volcanic rock stratum and the underburden in the actual data according to the reference frequency band determined in the step five, and recording the energy ratio as l;
seventhly, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in a time-frequency domain based on generalized S forward transform;
eighthly, performing weighted amplitude compensation on the seismic data of different frequency bands by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the step six as a basis to ensure that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overburden to the underburden in each frequency band is basically consistent;
ninth, adopting generalized S transformation inverse transformation to convert the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all frequency division data to complete time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation;
and tenth, respectively comparing energy changes before and after compensation of seismic data of different frequency bands and full frequency bands, performing quality control analysis, and circulating the fourth to ninth steps when the compensation effect is not ideal.
The invention relates to an underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis, wherein in the second step, well-seismic combined wavelets are extracted and convoluted with reflection coefficients to form a synthetic seismic record, and time shifting and stretching compression operations are carried out on the synthetic record to finish calibration of the synthetic record and actual seismic data; performing time depth calibration on all the wells optimized in the step one, and outputting a time depth relation; performing convolution on the Rake wavelets and the reflection coefficients of different frequency bands to form synthetic seismic records of different frequency bands, and completing calibration by adopting the time depth relation of the second step; the fourth step is to calculate the ratio of the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and the underlying stratum in the different frequency band seismic data and the synthetic record respectively according to the same time window length
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammaiSixthly, calculating the root-mean-square amplitude of the volcanic stratum and the underburden in the actual data corresponding to the reference frequency band determined in the step five, and taking the energy ratio l as the upper limit threshold value of the volcanic underburden amplitude compensation, and seventhly, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain based on the generalized S forward transform by adopting A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters decompose the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain by a generalized S transformation method,
for a seismic data volume, the coordinates of x, y and t are subjected to generalized S transformation in the t domain to obtain a four-dimensional data volume with the independent variables of x, y, t and f, wherein A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters are amplitude, energy attenuation, energy delay, center frequency and phase delay; the eighth step, the seismic data of different frequency bands are subjected to weighted amplitude compensation by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the seventh step as a basis, so that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overlying strata to the underlying strata in each frequency band is basically consistent; because the low-frequency attenuation degree is less than the high-frequency component, the medium-frequency and high-frequency components in the earthquake are generally compensated by taking the amplitude longitudinal distribution form of the medium-frequency and low-frequency components in the earthquake as a reference, and the frequency division energy compensation factors are as follows:
wherein gamma is a time-frequency scale factor, frIs a reference frequency band;
and the ninth step, adopting generalized S transformation inverse transformation shown in formula (3) to convert the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all frequency division data to complete the time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation:
signal
Is an approximation of the original signal.
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the invention is an amplitude compensation method for an underburden based on volcanic rock shielding quantitative analysis, which includes the following steps:
first step, preferably the drilled well to be referenced: the method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing drilling depths and logging curve data of all wells in a work area, selecting wells drilled to a target layer, wherein the well diameter curve has good quality, and the wells have acoustic time difference and density curves.
And secondly, fine time depth calibration. Well-seismic combined wavelets are obtained according to well-side seismic channels, a wave impedance curve is obtained by utilizing a well sound wave time difference (slowness) curve and a density curve, and then a reflection coefficient is calculated to manufacture a synthetic seismic record; and (3) performing time shifting and stretching compression operation on the synthetic record to finish calibration of the synthetic record and the actual seismic data, and outputting a time-depth relation, wherein the time-depth relation is shown as the well seismic calibration condition of the actual seismic data in fig. 2 (a).
And thirdly, making and calibrating the synthetic records of different frequency bands. Filtering seismic data in different frequency bands, and respectively making synthetic seismic records in different frequency bands for the target interval by the method in the second step by adopting Rake wavelets with dominant frequencies corresponding to actual seismic data (the wavelet frequency bands of the synthetic seismic records are consistent with seismic data in frequency division bands); and then, completing the calibration of the synthetic record and the actual earthquake by adopting the time-depth relation output in the step 2. As shown in (b) - (d) of FIG. 2, the well seismic calibration of seismic data of different frequency bands of actual data is shown.
Fourthly, for the well optimized in the step one, two time windows are respectively selected in the volcanic development area and the underburden, and the ratio of the reflection amplitude of the volcanic to the underburden in the different frequency band seismic data and the synthetic record is respectively calculated
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai(ii) a As shown in fig. 3, for different frequency bands yiThe ratio curve of (c). The selected window length should include the interval of interest as much as possible.
Fifthly, searching for fire by using the characteristics of the synthetic seismic record based on the idealized modelAnd the quantitative compensation is realized according to the rule of shielding and absorbing the energy of the rock stratum. Selecting the ratio gamma of the four steps based on the energy attenuation quantitative analysisiA frequency band close to 1; FIG. 4 shows synthetic seismic records of Rake wavelets with a dominant frequency of 14Hz and gamma data of 12-16Hz frequency band at different well pointsiIn the embodiment, gamma is corresponding to seismic data of a 12-16Hz frequency bandiClose to 1 as the reference band for this embodiment.
Sixthly, calculating the root-mean-square amplitude of the volcanic stratum and the underburden in the actual data corresponding to the frequency band selected in the fifth step, and taking the amplitude ratio l of the root-mean-square amplitude as an upper limit threshold value of the amplitude compensation of the volcanic underburden;
seventhly, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain based on the generalized S forward transform by adopting A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters decompose the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain by a generalized S transformation method,
for a seismic data volume, the coordinates of x, y and t are subjected to generalized S transformation in the t domain to obtain a four-dimensional data volume with the independent variables of x, y, t and f, wherein A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters are amplitude, energy attenuation, energy delay, center frequency, and phase delay. To illustrate the accuracy of the generalized S-transform, it is compared to the Fourier transform. Fig. 5A, 5B, and 5C show the comparison of the wedge model records and the results of different frequency division algorithms in the 16Hz frequency band. Wherein FIG. 5A is the seismic record of the wedge model, FIG. 5B is the Fourier transform band-pass filtering result, FIG. 5C is the generalized S-transform frequency division result, which is closer to the initial record, and the Fourier transform adds the same direction axis, which causes in the seismic recordArtifacts are present.
Eighthly, performing weighted amplitude compensation on the seismic data of different frequency bands by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the step six as a basis to ensure that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overburden to the underburden in each frequency band is basically consistent; because the low-frequency attenuation degree is less than the high-frequency component, the medium-frequency and high-frequency components in the earthquake are generally compensated by taking the amplitude longitudinal distribution form of the medium-frequency and low-frequency components in the earthquake as a reference, and the frequency division energy compensation factors are as follows:
wherein gamma is a time-frequency scale factor, frRMS (D (γ, t, f) as a reference bandr) RMS (D (γ, t, f)) is the root mean square amplitude of the formation in the reference frequency bandi) Is the root mean square amplitude of the strata in the frequency band to be compensated. As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, the comparison of the 25-35Hz frequency band compensation front and rear sections in the actual volcanic rock development area results in the enhancement of the seismic reflection energy of the volcanic rock underburden, i.e., less than 1.9 s.
And step nine, adopting generalized S transformation inverse transformation shown in the formula (3) to convert the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all frequency division data to finish the time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation.
Signal
Is an approximation of the original signal.
As shown in fig. 7A and 7B, the pre-compensation 7A and post-compensation 7B stacking section comparisons of seismic data in actual volcanic rock development areas are shown.
And tenth, comparing energy changes before and after compensation of seismic data of different frequency bands and full frequency bands respectively, performing quality control analysis, and circulating the fourth to ninth steps when the compensation effect is not ideal.
The content that will not be described in this embodiment is the prior art, and therefore, will not be described again.
The amplitude compensation method of the underburden based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis can eliminate the influence of the overburden volcanic stratum shielding seismic reflection energy, recover the real reflection form of the normal sedimentary stratum of the volcanic underburden, reduce the multi-resolution of geological analysis, effectively improve the reflection intensity of the volcanic underburden, the reliability of underburden speed analysis and the imaging quality of the underburden and the fidelity of the same-direction axis, and provide reliable high-quality seismic data for underburden structure implementation and reservoir description.
The invention provides a simple and efficient time-frequency domain amplitude compensation method based on generalized S transformation, aiming at the problems that the amplitude attenuation caused by wave-front diffusion is only compensated in the current seismic data processing flow, and the energy attenuation caused by the influence of a geologic body is not compensated in a targeted manner. The present invention has been made in view of the following problems. (1) The amplitude compensation in the conventional seismic data processing flow only considers the seismic wave amplitude attenuation caused by the wave front surface diffusion, but does not consider the energy shielding problem of the underlying stratum caused by the overlying special geologic body; (2) in the conventional seismic data processing, a mode based on root mean square amplitude gain control is adopted for highlighting the weak reflection of the underlying stratum, the method destroys the relative energy relation between amplitudes, is a processing means without amplitude preservation, and is not beneficial to the subsequent reservoir prediction research; (3) at present, no amplitude compensation method based on amplitude-preserving row exists in the field aiming at volcanic shielding, and the method innovatively applies the generalized S transformation method to the amplitude compensation of the volcanic underburden; (4) the application of generalized S transformation in seismic data processing is mostly based on the seismic data volume, and when the quality of seismic data is not high, the compensation effect is not ideal. The invention utilizes the drilled well information to carry out quantitative analysis on the amplitude compensation, and fully considers the influence of geological factors. The strong reflection volcanic rock stratum can shield and absorb the seismic wave energy, so that the reflection signal of the underburden is weak, and even a blank reflection area is formed. The synthetic seismic record is a very ideal model, so the method utilizes the characteristics of the synthetic seismic record based on the ideal model to find the rule of shielding and absorbing seismic wave energy by the volcanic stratum, thereby providing a basis for quantitative compensation of seismic reflection of the underlying stratum; in the compensation process, seismic data are subjected to high-precision frequency division processing by means of generalized S conversion of five parameters, and weighted amplitude compensation is completed in different frequency bands, so that the method is more rigorous, objective and scientific.
The underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis has the advantages that: 1. the influence of a special geologic body on the reflection amplitude of the underburden is considered and eliminated, so that the real reflection of the underburden is ensured, and the amplitude retention is stronger. 2. And (4) referring to the drilling information, calibrating well earthquake, and carrying out quantitative analysis on energy attenuation by using the synthetic seismic record. The synthetic seismic record is a very ideal model, and the rule of shielding and absorbing seismic wave energy by the volcanic rock stratum is searched by utilizing the characteristic of the synthetic seismic record based on the ideal model, so that a basis is provided for quantitative compensation of seismic reflection of an underlying stratum, and the basis for selecting a reference frequency band is more real and credible. 3. The frequency division tool adopts five parameters (amplitude, energy attenuation, energy delay, center frequency and phase delay) generalized S transform, and has higher precision compared with the conventional Fourier transform. 4. The energy of the volcanic underburden is compensated by fully considering the difference of different frequency attenuation degrees and adopting the idea of frequency division compensation, the compensation process is more targeted, and the compensation amount is more objective. 5. The idea of time-frequency domain frequency division compensation is adopted, frequency division compensation is carried out through the difference of self attenuation of different frequency data, damage to the relative relation of the amplitudes by means of simple signal processing forced enhancement is avoided, and therefore the amplitude preservation performance is stronger. 6. The amplitude after frequency division energy compensation based on generalized S transformation can follow the energy shielding loss relation of volcanic rock layers, and particularly has more advantages compared with the traditional energy compensation in the aspect of volcanic rock interlayer and middle and deep layer weak signal amplitude compensation. 7. The method is also suitable for the case that the reflected energy of the underlayer stratum is weakened due to other similar geologic bodies which are covered with the high-speed layer, and has wider applicability.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the foregoing embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, selecting a drilled well to be referred, selecting the well to be drilled to a target layer, wherein the well diameter quality is good, the well with complete speed and density curves is used as a reference well for amplitude recovery, and the preferred well bit planes are required to be distributed relatively uniformly;
secondly, fine time depth calibration, namely performing time depth calibration on the well optimized in the first step and outputting a time depth relation;
thirdly, respectively manufacturing synthetic seismic records of seismic data of different frequency bands aiming at the target interval, wherein the time-depth relation adopts the time-depth relation in the second step;
fourthly, under the same time window length, respectively calculating the ratio of the seismic data of different frequency bands to the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and underburden in the synthetic record
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai；
Fifthly, selecting the ratio gamma of the four stepsiThe frequency band close to 1 is used as a reference frequency band for amplitude compensation of subsequent seismic data;
sixthly, calculating the root mean square amplitude of the volcanic rock stratum and the underburden in the actual data according to the reference frequency band determined in the step five, and recording the energy ratio as l;
seventhly, decomposing the seismic data into different frequency subsets in a time-frequency domain based on generalized S forward transform;
eighthly, performing weighted amplitude compensation on the seismic data of different frequency bands by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the step six as a basis to ensure that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overburden to the underburden in each frequency band is basically consistent;
ninth, adopting generalized S transformation inverse transformation to convert the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all frequency division data to complete time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation;
and tenth, respectively comparing energy changes before and after compensation of seismic data of different frequency bands and full frequency bands, performing quality control analysis, and circulating the fourth to ninth steps when the compensation effect is not ideal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amplitude compensation of the underburden based on volcanic rock masked quantitative analysis,
extracting well-seismic combined wavelets, performing convolution on the well-seismic combined wavelets and reflection coefficients to form a synthetic seismic record, and performing time shifting and stretching compression on the synthetic record to finish calibration of the synthetic record and actual seismic data; performing time depth calibration on all the wells optimized in the step one, and outputting a time depth relation;
performing convolution on the Rake wavelets and the reflection coefficients of different frequency bands to form synthetic seismic records of different frequency bands, and completing calibration by adopting the time depth relation of the second step;
the fourth step is to calculate the ratio of the reflection amplitude of volcanic rock and the underlying stratum in the different frequency band seismic data and the synthetic record respectively according to the same time window length
And βfiAnd calculating the frequency band of the same frequency band
The value, denoted as gammai；
Sixthly, calculating the root-mean-square amplitude of the volcanic rock stratum and the underburden in the actual data corresponding to the reference frequency band determined in the fifth step, and taking the energy ratio l as an upper limit threshold value of amplitude compensation of the volcanic underburden; (ii) a
And the seventh step of decomposing the seismic data in a time-frequency domain based on the generalized S forward transformThe different frequency subsets are represented by A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters decompose the seismic data into different frequency subsets in the time-frequency domain by a generalized S transformation method,
for a seismic data volume, the coordinates of x, y and t are subjected to generalized S transformation in the t domain to obtain a four-dimensional data volume with the independent variables of x, y, t and f, wherein A, gamma, β, f,
The five parameters are amplitude, energy attenuation, energy delay, center frequency and phase delay;
the eighth step, the seismic data of different frequency bands are subjected to weighted amplitude compensation by taking the amplitude ratio obtained in the seventh step as a basis, so that the amplitude ratio of the volcanic overlying strata to the underlying strata in each frequency band is basically consistent; because the low-frequency attenuation degree is less than the high-frequency component, the medium-frequency and high-frequency components in the earthquake are generally compensated by taking the amplitude longitudinal distribution form of the medium-frequency and low-frequency components in the earthquake as a reference, and the frequency division energy compensation factors are as follows:
wherein gamma is a time-frequency scale factor, frIs a reference frequency band;
the ninth step, adopting the generalized S transformation inverse transformation shown in the formula (3) to transform the time-frequency domain data into a time-space domain, and adding all the frequency division data to complete the time-frequency domain frequency division amplitude compensation,
signal
Is an approximation of the original signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910271274.7A CN111522062B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910271274.7A CN111522062B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111522062A true CN111522062A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111522062B CN111522062B (en) | 2022-05-20 |
Family
ID=71900231
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910271274.7A Active CN111522062B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111522062B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112255690A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-22 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Self-adaptive surrounding rock strong reflection separation method based on seismic phase decomposition |
| CN112764099A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-07 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Seismic data frequency extension method based on seismic geometry information |
| CN112965109A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Prediction method and device for reservoir under strong reflection shielding |
| CN113253348A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Geological profile imaging compensation method and system |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030086335A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-08 | Charles Naville | Method for absolute preserved amplitude processing of seismic well data |
| CN103984011A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-13 | 孙赞东 | Dynamic Q compensation shifting method |
| WO2014191011A1 (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-12-04 | Statoil Petroleum As | High resolution estimation of attenuation from vertical seismic profiles |
| CN104820243A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional post-stack seismic data amplitude compensation method and device |
| CN105093291A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for recovering oil-gas reservoir seismic reflection features |
| CN107238864A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The seismic wave energy time-frequency compensation method constrained based on dominant frequency band |
| CN108445538A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | The method and system of Depth Domain layer Q model is established based on reflected seismic information |
-
2019
- 2019-04-04 CN CN201910271274.7A patent/CN111522062B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030086335A1 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-08 | Charles Naville | Method for absolute preserved amplitude processing of seismic well data |
| WO2014191011A1 (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-12-04 | Statoil Petroleum As | High resolution estimation of attenuation from vertical seismic profiles |
| CN103984011A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-13 | 孙赞东 | Dynamic Q compensation shifting method |
| CN105093291A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for recovering oil-gas reservoir seismic reflection features |
| CN104820243A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional post-stack seismic data amplitude compensation method and device |
| CN107238864A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The seismic wave energy time-frequency compensation method constrained based on dominant frequency band |
| CN108445538A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | The method and system of Depth Domain layer Q model is established based on reflected seismic information |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
| Title |
|---|
| HUIHUANG TAN ET AL.: "The application of wide-band Ricker wavelet in the reservoir description of multi-interbedded formation based on spectral inversion", 《2016 SEG INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION AND 86TH ANNUAL MEETING》 * |
| JUN YAO ET AL.: "Amplitude Compensation Method for 3d Post-stack Seismic Data and Its Application", 《2018 CPS/SEG INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL CONFERENCE》 * |
| 周东红等: "气云区地震成像关键处理技术— 以渤海湾某油田为例", 《地球物理学进展》 * |
| 周星等: "强反射能量屏蔽补偿在渤海 Ｃ 构造中的应用", 《物探化探计算技术》 * |
| 姜本厚等: "渤海海域地震振幅影响因素分析", 《石油地质与工程》 * |
| 张志军等: "数据驱动的" 气云" 区振幅补偿方法", 《石油地球物理勘探》 * |
| 李添才等: "基于广义 S 变换的分频频率振幅补偿算法研究及应用", 《物探化探计算技术》 * |
| 杨晓光等: "利用分频重构技术预测古火山—以准噶尔盆地木垒凹陷为例", 《石油地球物理勘探》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112255690A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-22 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Self-adaptive surrounding rock strong reflection separation method based on seismic phase decomposition |
| CN112764099A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-07 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Seismic data frequency extension method based on seismic geometry information |
| CN112965109A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Prediction method and device for reservoir under strong reflection shielding |
| CN113253348A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Geological profile imaging compensation method and system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111522062B (en) | 2022-05-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111522062B (en) | Underburden amplitude compensation method based on volcanic shielding quantitative analysis | |
| CN106597532B (en) | Pre-stack seismic data frequency band expanding method combining well data and horizon data | |
| CN108802812B (en) | Well-seismic fusion stratum lithology inversion method | |
| CN105353407B (en) | Post-stack seismic wave impedance inversion method | |
| CN109669212B (en) | Seismic data processing method, stratum quality factor estimation method and device | |
| CN102937720B (en) | Well control improves the method for seismic data resolution | |
| CN109470187B (en) | Reservoir thickness prediction method based on three seismic attributes | |
| US11630228B1 (en) | Physical embedded deep learning formation pressure prediction method, device, medium and equipment | |
| CN103336303A (en) | Method of conducting seismic frequency extension by utilizing acoustic logging | |
| CN104570116A (en) | Geological marker bed-based time difference analyzing and correcting method | |
| CN104297800A (en) | Self-phase-control prestack inversion method | |
| CN111045077B (en) | Full waveform inversion method of land seismic data | |
| CN105093291B (en) | A method of restoring oil and gas reservoir Seismic reflection character | |
| CN111983683A (en) | Prediction method and system for lake-facies limestone reservoir under low-well condition | |
| CN115236730B (en) | Method for imaging seismic wave field migration of interlayer multiple Fourier finite difference | |
| CN111796325B (en) | Frequency division iteration constrained random inversion method | |
| CN111694055B (en) | Method and device for extracting and analyzing AVO attribute under strong reflection shielding | |
| CN113589366B (en) | Broadband fusion modeling method based on full waveform inversion | |
| CN113311482B (en) | High-resolution medium-deep reservoir prediction method based on prestack spectrum inversion optimization | |
| CN113820741B (en) | Seismic inversion initial model construction method based on deep learning | |
| CN117075195B (en) | Coal seam suppression method based on prestack gather frequency division | |
| CN111722286B (en) | Random function median filtering technique | |
| CN117192616A (en) | Multiple wave pressing method | |
| Li et al. | An effective Q extraction method via deep learning | |
| CN115728839A (en) | Fine description method for overcast body on non-integration surface |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |