CN111522050A - Analog detection device for alpha surface pollution detection - Google Patents
Analog detection device for alpha surface pollution detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111522050A CN111522050A CN202010290149.3A CN202010290149A CN111522050A CN 111522050 A CN111522050 A CN 111522050A CN 202010290149 A CN202010290149 A CN 202010290149A CN 111522050 A CN111522050 A CN 111522050A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/169—Exploration, location of contaminated surface areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
Abstract
The invention relates to an analog detection device for alpha surface pollution detection, which comprises a sensor unit, an analog signal processing unit, a singlechip control unit, a display unit and an alarm unit, wherein the sensor unit is used for detecting alpha surface pollution; the sensor unit is connected with an analog signal processing unit, the sensor unit comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, and the analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching unit, an amplification filtering unit and an offset compensation circuit; the output ends of the sensors are respectively connected to the input ends of the analog switch switching unit, the sensors are controlled to output through the single chip microcomputer control unit, the common output end of the analog switch switching unit is connected to the input end of the amplification filtering unit, the output end of the amplification filtering unit is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module of the single chip microcomputer control unit, and the single chip microcomputer is connected to the display unit and the alarm unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive pollution detection, in particular to a simulation detection device for alpha surface pollution detection.
Background
Alpha surface contamination is one type of radioactive contamination, which refers to contamination of the surface of a person or object with radionuclides that release alpha particles. In nuclear emergency medical rescue, when a pollution accident occurs, people and objects entering and exiting a polluted area need to be detected; the personnel need to be decontaminated when polluted, and the decontamination effect needs to be evaluated by detecting before and after each decontamination.
In the alpha surface pollution simulation, a simulation source which has alpha surface pollution characteristics and has no harm to personnel and environment is developed and applied to the simulation training of alpha surface pollution detection and decontamination. Simulated sources made with magnet blocks, safe liquid sprays and powders have been developed in the prior art. However, these simulation sources need to be used with a specific real alpha surface contamination detection instrument, which greatly limits the application range thereof. In addition, the prior art also proposes that a light-emitting diode is adopted to manufacture an analog source, or a surface pollution simulation garment is manufactured, and a bar code on the simulation garment is used as the analog source; however, the analog source made of the light-emitting diode has large volume and can only be used as an alpha radiation source, and is difficult to be used for surface pollution simulation; the simulation value of the bar code on the simulation clothes is fixed, and the change process of alpha surface pollution decontamination is difficult to simulate; and the two simulation methods have large limits and cannot effectively simulate alpha surface pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an analog detection device for alpha pollution detection, which comprises a sensor unit, an analog signal processing unit, a singlechip control unit, a display unit and an alarm unit; the sensor unit is connected with the analog signal processing unit. The sensor unit comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, and the analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching unit, an amplifying and filtering unit and an offset compensation circuit; the output ends of the sensors are respectively connected to the input ends of the analog switch switching unit, the sensors are controlled to output through the single chip microcomputer control unit, the common output end of the analog switch switching unit is connected to the input end of the amplification filtering unit, the output end of the amplification filtering unit is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module of the single chip microcomputer control unit, and the single chip microcomputer control unit is connected to the display unit and the alarm unit.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a simulation detection device for alpha surface pollution detection comprises a sensor unit, a simulation signal processing unit, a singlechip control unit, a display unit and an alarm unit; the sensor unit is connected with the analog signal processing unit and comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, the setting/resetting circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer control unit, a control signal access end of the setting/resetting circuit receives a clock pulse signal from the single chip microcomputer control unit, a current not less than 500mA is applied to a setting/resetting resistor of the sensor, and a strong magnetic field is generated to enable the magnetic sensitive regions of the sensors to be uniformly aligned to a first direction to realize setting; when reverse current is applied, the magnetic sensitive area resets in the direction opposite to the first direction, the sensitivity of the sensor is recovered, and external strong magnetic field interference is eliminated; the analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching unit, an amplification filtering unit and an offset compensation circuit; the output ends of the sensors are respectively connected to the input ends of the analog switch switching unit, the sensors are controlled to output through the single chip microcomputer control unit, the common output end of the analog switch switching unit is connected to the input end of the amplification filtering unit, and the output end of the amplification filtering unit is connected to an analog-to-digital conversion module, namely an A/D acquisition unit, of the single chip microcomputer control unit; the single chip microcomputer is connected to the display unit and the alarm unit.
Preferably, the output end S/R + of each set/reset circuit is connected to the S/R + end of the corresponding sensor; the S/R-of the sensor is grounded.
Preferably, the set/reset resistor of the sensor is an internal resistor between the S/R + terminal of the sensor and the S/R-terminal of the sensor, and the set/reset resistor has a resistance of 5 Ω.
Preferably, the setting/resetting circuit is controlled by a singlechip; the singlechip sends out a clock signal; the set/reset pulse is generated by the control of two external capacitors and a clock signal.
Preferably, each sensor is respectively connected with the analog switch switching unit, each sensor performs data transmission through a common output end of the analog switch switching unit, and the analog switch switching circuit outputs two paths of output signals of each sensor one by one; the singlechip control unit sends out a control signal to control an address line of the analog switch switching unit, so that the analog switch switching unit is controlled to communicate the ith sensor to the public output end for output.
Preferably, the amplifying and filtering unit is a two-stage amplifying circuit; the amplifying and filtering circuit comprises a first-stage amplifying and filtering circuit and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit; the positive input end and the negative input end of the first-stage amplifying circuit are respectively connected to the positive public output end and the negative public output end of the analog switch switching circuit, the output end of the first-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is connected to the positive input end of the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit, and the negative input end of the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is grounded; the amplified and filtered signals are processed by an A/D acquisition unit in the singlechip control unit and converted into digital signals which can be processed by the singlechip.
Preferably, the amplification factor of the first-stage amplification filtering circuit is fixed, and the amplification factor of the second-stage amplification filtering circuit is adjustable within the range of 1.5-706 under the control of the amplification factor control unit and the digital potentiometer of the zero setting unit.
Preferably, the gain of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is independently adjustable, and the gain of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is controlled by a resistor RG.
Preferably, the output of the ith sensor is a first preset value Vi, the first preset value Vi is not zero, the reference end of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is connected with the output end of the zeroing unit, and the reference voltage of the reference end of the first-stage amplification circuit is set as the output voltage difference value Vi of the ith sensor.
Preferably, the zero setting unit includes a zero setting circuit, an adjustable resistor is arranged in the zero setting circuit, the adjustable resistor sends a control signal through a single chip microcomputer to modulate the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and the adjustable resistor, the first zero setting resistor and the second zero setting resistor jointly form a voltage dividing circuit to realize automatic zero setting, so that the output voltage of the zero setting circuit is equal to the output voltage value of the ith sensor, that is, the input of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is zero, and the output of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is also zero.
Preferably, the amplification factor control unit receives a control signal from the single chip microcomputer control unit, determines a value of the RG resistance, outputs the value to a second-stage amplifier of the second-stage amplification and filtering circuit, and determines that a reference end of the second-stage amplification and filtering circuit is grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. a new device for alpha surface pollution simulation detection is designed, and the application of a set/reset circuit improves the anti-interference capability of the sensor;
2. the device uses a plurality of sensors to form a sensor array, so that the detection area is increased;
3. the amplification factor of the amplifying and filtering circuit in the device is adjustable, and wide-range and multi-range measurement can be realized.
Drawings
The advantages of the above and/or additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an analog detection device for alpha surface contamination detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 shows an analog detection device for alpha surface contamination detection according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a sensor unit, an analog signal processing unit, a single chip microcomputer control unit, a display unit, and an alarm unit. The sensor unit is connected with the analog signal processing unit and comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, the setting/resetting circuit is connected with the singlechip control unit, the control signal access end of the setting/resetting circuit receives a clock pulse signal from the singlechip, a current not less than 500mA is applied to the setting/resetting electricity of the sensor, and a strong magnetic field is generated to enable the magnetic sensitive area of the sensor to be uniformly aligned to the first direction to realize setting; when reverse current is applied, the magnetic sensitive area resets in the direction opposite to the first direction, the sensitivity of the sensor is recovered, and the interference of external strong magnetic field is eliminated. The analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching unit, an amplification filtering unit and an offset compensation circuit. The output end of the amplifying and filtering unit is connected to an analog-to-digital conversion module of the singlechip control unit, namely an A/D acquisition unit. The single chip microcomputer is connected to the display unit and the alarm unit.
The sensor unit comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, and when the magnetic field intensity of an interference magnetic field is larger than or equal to 20Gs, a transient strong recovery magnetic field is applied to a sensitive element of the sensor, such as a magnetic sensitive area, through the setting/resetting circuits to enable the sensitive element to recover or maintain the characteristic; the output end S/R + of each set/reset circuit is connected to the S/R + end of the corresponding sensor. The S/R-of the sensor is grounded.
The set/reset circuit is controlled by a singlechip control unit.
Specifically, the single chip microcomputer control unit sends out clock pulses, such as square waves, and controls the setting/resetting circuit to carry out corresponding setting and resetting.
Preferably, the sensor comprises a set/reset resistor.
Specifically, the set/reset circuit comprises a first chip, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a resistor, the cut-off circulation unit is connected with the single chip, and each drain of the cut-off circulation unit is connected to a first end of the second capacitor C9; the first end of the first chip is grounded, the second end and the fourth end of the first chip are connected with the single chip to receive clock pulses of the single chip, the third end of the first chip is connected with the RC series oscillating circuit, the fifth end, the sixth end, the seventh end and the eighth end of the first chip are respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is provided with an S/R + wiring end to be connected with the sensors, and particularly, the S/R + wiring end of the setting/resetting circuit is connected to the S/R + wiring end of each sensor. The S/R-of each sensor is grounded.
The power supply of the RC oscillating circuit is 5V, the second end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with + 5V.
The singlechip is connected to the input end of the setting/resetting circuit.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the second capacitor is 0.1 times that of the first capacitor, and the clock pulse signal sent by the mcu, for example, when the control signal is from a low level, for example, 0V, to a high level, for example, 3.3V, the transient voltage across the second capacitor is raised to 5V by the RC oscillation circuit, so as to apply a transient current of not less than 500mA to the set/reset resistor of the sensor, thereby setting the sensor.
When the clock pulse signal sent by the single chip microcomputer is from high level to low level, reverse current is applied to the set/reset resistor of the sensor, the magnetic sensitive area faces to the opposite direction, reset is realized, the sensitivity of the sensor is recovered, and the interference of an external strong magnetic field is eliminated
Preferably, the set/reset resistance of the sensor is an internal resistance between the S/R + terminal of the sensor and the S/R-terminal of the sensor, and further preferably, the resistance between the S/R + terminal of the sensor and the S/R-terminal of the sensor is 5 Ω, so as to realize that a transient current of not less than 500mA is applied to the set/reset resistance of the sensor to realize the setting of the sensor, wherein the S/R-terminal of the sensor is grounded.
Preferably, the sensor is a magnetoresistive sensor that converts a sensitive directional magnetic field strength into a differential output voltage.
Preferably, the sensor has a measurement range of + -6 Gauss, a resolution of 85 μ Gs, an operating voltage of 5V, and a sensitivity of (1.0 + -0.2) mV/V/Gs.
The set/reset circuit applies a current of not less than 500mA to a set/reset resistor of the sensor, namely a resistor between an S/R + terminal of the sensor and an S/R-terminal of the sensor, generates a strong magnetic field to enable magnetic regions of the sensor to be uniformly aligned to one direction (set), and when a reverse current is applied, the magnetic regions face to the opposite direction (reset), the sensitivity of the sensor is recovered, and the interference of an external strong magnetic field is eliminated.
The setting/resetting circuit is controlled by a singlechip; the singlechip sends out a clock signal. The first chip in the setting/resetting circuit is an integrated chip of an N-channel MOS tube and a P-channel MOS tube, and setting/resetting pulses are generated under the control of two external capacitors and a clock signal. The analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching circuit and a programmable amplifying and filtering circuit. The singlechip control unit comprises an A/D converter. And the singlechip control unit sends out a set/reset pulse and sends the set/reset pulse to the gates of the N-channel unit and the P-channel unit of the first chip.
Specifically, the sensor includes eight terminals from last to being sensor first terminal, sensor second terminal, sensor third terminal and sensor fourth terminal, sensor fifth terminal, sensor sixth terminal, sensor seventh terminal and sensor eighth terminal down in proper order, wherein, the first terminal of sensor does the OUT-terminal of sensor, it is connected to simulate to open and switch the terminal, it is connected to simulate to open and switch the OUT-terminal of sensorA cell, in particular, connected to a channel-terminal of the analog switch switching circuit. The second terminal of the sensor is V of the sensorbridgeAnd the terminal is connected with a +5V power supply. And the third terminal of the sensor is an S/R + terminal of the sensor and is connected with the output end S/R + of the setting/resetting circuit. And the fourth terminal of the sensor is grounded. The fifth terminal of the sensor is an S/R-terminal of the sensor, and the resistance value of a resistor between the S/R + of the sensor and the S/R-of the sensor is 5 omega.
And the fifth terminal of the sensor and the sixth terminal of the sensor are empty. And the eighth terminal of the sensor is an OUT + terminal of the sensor, and the eighth terminal of the sensor is connected to a channel + terminal of the analog switch switching circuit.
Each sensor is respectively connected with the analog switch switching unit, each sensor carries out data transmission through the common output end of the analog switch switching unit, and the analog switch switching circuit selects two paths of output signals of each sensor, for example, 10 paths of output signals of 5 sensors, and selects one pair of channel signals to carry out differential amplification, namely, the output signals of each sensor are output one by one.
Specifically, the positive output terminal OUT + of the ith sensor is connected to the positive input terminal channel + of the analog switch switching unit, and the negative output terminal OUT-of the ith sensor is connected to the negative input terminal channel-of the analog switch switching unit, where i is 1,2,3, 4. Single chip microcomputer control unit
The common output end of the analog switch switching unit is respectively a positive output end channel + of the analog switch switching unit and a negative output end channel-of the analog switch switching unit. The singlechip control unit sends out a control signal to control an address line of the analog switch switching unit, for example, a three-bit binary address line to control the analog switch switching unit to communicate the ith sensor with the common output end for output.
The analog switch switching unit switches one of the n differential inputs to a common output, n may be 5 or 8. More than 5 are the 8, and 3 more can be used as spare for increasing the sensors. Specifically, the address is determined by 3-bit binary address lines (A0, A1, A2), wherein the minimum value of the input high level is 2.0V, and the maximum value of the input low level is 0.8V. When the power is supplied at +/-5V, the dynamic switching time is 600ns-700ns, the on-resistance is 21 omega, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
The output voltage signal of the sensor is +/-425 mu V to +/-30 mV, is very weak, cannot be directly processed, and needs to be amplified and filtered. Meanwhile, in order to fully utilize the A/D range, the requirement on the gain of the amplification and filtering circuit of the whole amplification and filtering unit is higher, and because the gain of the first-stage amplification is not too large, the circuit of the amplification and filtering unit adopts two-stage amplification, and an RC (resistor-capacitor) filtering circuit is added while the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, so that interference signals are well reduced. The filter amplifying circuit is the key for the operation of the whole system, and the amplifying filter circuit has high input impedance, low offset voltage and high common mode rejection ratio.
The analog switch switching circuit is connected with an amplifying and filtering circuit, and preferably, the amplifying and filtering circuit is a programmable amplifying and filtering circuit. Preferably, the amplifying and filtering circuit in the present invention is a two-stage amplifying circuit. The amplifying and filtering circuit comprises a first-stage amplifying and filtering circuit and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit. The positive input end channel + of the first-stage amplification circuit is connected to the positive public output end channel + of the public output end of the analog switch switching circuit, and the negative input end channel-of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is connected to the negative public output end channel-of the public output end of the analog switch switching circuit.
The amplified and filtered signals are processed by an A/D acquisition unit in the singlechip control unit and converted into digital signals which can be processed by the singlechip.
The amplification factor of the first stage amplification filter circuit is fixed, for example, the amplification factor of the first stage amplification filter circuit is 5.
Specifically, the amplification factor of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is controlled by the amplification factor control unit and the digital potentiometer of the zero setting unit, and is adjustable within the range of 1.5-706. The gain of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is independently adjustable, the gain of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is controlled by a resistor RG, and the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit preferably amplifiesThe magnification being a magnification
The second resistor R10, the third resistor R13, the third capacitor C27, the fourth capacitor C29, and the fifth capacitor C32 form a radio frequency filter circuit, wherein a first end of the second resistor R10 is connected to a positive input end of the first-stage amplification filter circuit. A first end of the third resistor R13 is connected to the negative input end of the first stage amplification filter circuit. A first terminal of the third capacitor C27 is grounded, a second terminal of the third capacitor C27 is connected to a first terminal of the fourth capacitor C29, a second terminal of the fourth capacitor C29 is connected to a first terminal of the fifth capacitor C32, and a second terminal of the fifth capacitor C32 is grounded. The second terminal of the second resistor R10 is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor C27 or to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C29. The second terminal of the third resistor R13 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C29 or to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C32. The negative output end of the radio frequency filter circuit is connected with the negative input end of the first-stage amplifier, and the positive input end of the radio frequency filter circuit is connected with the negative input end of the first-stage amplifier. And the negative input end of the radio frequency filter circuit is connected to the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the third capacitor and the first end of the fourth capacitor. And the positive input end of the radio frequency filter circuit is connected to the second end of the third resistor, the second end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the fifth capacitor.
And a fourth resistor of the first-stage amplifier of the radio frequency filter circuit is a fixed resistor R12.
Preferably, the second resistor and the third resistor have the same resistance value.
Preferably, the capacitance values of the third capacitor and the fifth capacitor are equal, and the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor is 10 times that of the first capacitor or the fifth capacitor.
Preferably, the resistance of R12 is 12.4K Ω.
Preferably, the resistance of R10 is 4.02 k.OMEGA.and the resistance of R13 is 4.02 k.OMEGA..
Preferably, the capacitance value of C27 is 1nF, the capacitance value of C32 is 1nF, and the capacitance value of C29 is 10 nF.
Due to the fact that offset voltage exists in a bridge bias and amplification filtering unit of the sensor, when no magnetic field exists, the output of the ith sensor is a first preset value Vi, the first preset value Vi is not zero, the reference end of the first-stage amplification filtering circuit is connected with the output end of the zero adjusting unit, and the reference voltage of the reference end of the first-stage amplification circuit is set to be the output voltage difference Vi of the ith sensor. The zero setting unit comprises a zero setting circuit, an adjustable resistor is arranged in the zero setting circuit, the adjustable resistor sends a control signal through a single chip microcomputer to modulate the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, a first zero setting resistor and a second zero setting resistor jointly form a voltage division circuit to realize automatic zero setting, the output voltage of the zero setting circuit is equal to the output voltage value of an ith sensor, namely the input of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is zero, and the output of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is also zero.
Preferably, the voltage of the voltage division circuit is +5V to-5V. And connecting the output end of the first-stage amplification filtering circuit to the input end of the second-stage amplification filtering circuit. And the reference end of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is grounded.
Preferably, the output end of the first-stage amplification filter circuit is connected to the positive input end of the second-stage amplification filter circuit through an RC oscillation circuit composed of a resistor R14 and a capacitor C31, the negative input end of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is grounded, and the resistor RG of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is obtained by controlling the amplification factor control circuit through a single-chip microcomputer control unit.
The first end of the R14 is connected to the positive input end of the second-stage amplification filter, and the second end of the R14 is connected to the output end of the first-stage amplification filter circuit.
The first end of the C31 is connected to the first end of the R14, and the second end of the C31 is grounded.
Preferably, the resistance value of R14 is 10K.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the C31 is 1 μ F.
Preferably, the potentiometer is a digital potentiometer.
Specifically, the amplification factor control unit receives a control signal from the singlechip control unit, determines the value of the RG resistance, outputs the value to a second-stage amplifier of the second-stage amplification filter circuit, and determines that the reference end of the second-stage amplification filter circuit is grounded.
Furthermore, the singlechip is connected to each function key, the digital potentiometer and the analog switch switching circuit.
The digital potentiometer is connected with the singlechip control unit and is used for receiving a clock signal and a control signal from the singlechip control unit and controlling the resistance value of an internal resistor between W1 and L1 of the potentiometer through the singlechip. R14 and C31 form a low-pass filter with the cut-off frequency of 16 Hz.
The output end of the zero setting circuit is connected with the reference end of the first-stage amplification filter circuit, and the automatic zero setting of the voltage division circuit is formed through a potentiometer, such as a digital potentiometer.
The singlechip control circuit performs A/D conversion on the output signal of the analog signal processing circuit, displays the measurement result through an LCD, and realizes the functions of key control, alarm and the like according to the simulated alpha surface pollution detection equipment.
The singlechip control unit outputs a set/reset circuit clock signal; controlling the amplification factor of the programmable amplification filter circuit; controlling a zero setting circuit; converting the analog signal into a digital signal; processing the digital signal; and controlling display and alarming.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or both elements may be interconnected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "at least three" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An analog detection device for alpha surface pollution detection is characterized by comprising a sensor unit, an analog signal processing unit, a singlechip control unit, a display unit and an alarm unit; the sensor unit is connected with the analog signal processing unit and comprises a sensor array, each sensor in the sensor array is connected with a respective setting/resetting circuit, the setting/resetting circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer control unit, a control signal access end of the setting/resetting circuit receives a clock pulse signal from the single chip microcomputer control unit, a current not less than 500mA is applied to a setting/resetting resistor of the sensor, and a strong magnetic field is generated to enable a magnetic sensitive region of the sensor to be uniformly aligned to a first direction to realize setting; when reverse current is applied, the magnetic sensitive area resets in the direction opposite to the first direction, the sensitivity of the sensor is recovered, and the interference of an external strong magnetic field is eliminated; the analog signal processing unit comprises an analog switch switching unit, an amplifying and filtering unit and an offset compensation circuit; the output ends of the sensors are respectively connected to the input ends of the analog switch switching unit, the sensors are controlled to output through the single chip microcomputer control unit, the common output end of the analog switch switching unit is connected to the input end of the amplification filtering unit, and the output end of the amplification filtering unit is connected to an analog-to-digital conversion module, namely an A/D acquisition unit, of the single chip microcomputer control unit; the single chip microcomputer is connected to the display unit and the alarm unit.
2. The analog detecting device for alpha surface contamination detection according to claim 1, wherein the output terminal S/R + of each set/reset circuit is connected to the S/R + terminal of the respective corresponding sensor; the S/R-of the sensor is grounded.
3. The analog detection device for alpha surface contamination detection of claim 1, wherein the set/reset resistance of the sensor is an internal resistance between the S/R + terminal of the sensor and the S/R-terminal of the sensor, the set/reset resistance having a resistance of 5 Ω.
4. The analog detection device for alpha surface contamination detection of claim 1, wherein the set/reset circuit is controlled by a single chip; the singlechip sends out a clock signal; the set/reset pulse is generated by the control of two external capacitors and a clock signal.
5. The analog detecting device for alpha surface contamination detection according to claim 1, wherein each sensor is connected to an analog switch switching unit, each sensor performs data transmission through a common output terminal of the analog switch switching unit, and the analog switch switching circuit outputs two output signals of each sensor one by one; the singlechip control unit sends a control signal to control an address line of the analog switch switching unit, so that the analog switch switching unit is controlled to communicate the ith sensor to the public output end for output; the amplifying and filtering unit is a two-stage amplifying circuit; the amplifying and filtering circuit comprises a first-stage amplifying and filtering circuit and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit; the positive input end and the negative input end of the first-stage amplifying circuit are respectively connected to the positive common output end and the negative common output end of the analog switch switching circuit, the output end of the first-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is connected to the positive input end of the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit, and the negative input end of the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is grounded; the amplified and filtered signals are processed by an A/D acquisition unit in the singlechip control unit and converted into digital signals which can be processed by the singlechip.
6. The analog detecting device for alpha surface contamination detection according to claim 5, wherein the amplification factor of the first stage amplifying and filtering circuit is fixed, and the amplification factor of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is adjustable within a range of 1.5 to 706 under the control of the digital potentiometer of the amplification factor control unit and the zeroing unit.
7. The analog detection device for alpha surface contamination detection of claim 6, wherein the gain of the second stage amplification filter circuit is independently adjustable, and the gain is controlled by a resistor RG.
8. The analog detecting device for alpha surface contamination detection as recited in claim 7, wherein the output of the ith sensor is a first preset value Vi, and the first preset value Vi is not zero, the output of the zeroing unit is connected to the reference terminal of the first stage amplifying and filtering circuit, and the reference voltage of the reference terminal of the first stage amplifying circuit is set to the output voltage difference value Vi of the ith sensor.
9. The analog detecting device for α surface contamination detection according to claim 8, wherein the zeroing unit includes a zeroing circuit, the zeroing circuit is provided with an adjustable resistor, the adjustable resistor sends a control signal through the single chip to modulate a resistance of the adjustable resistor, the first zeroing resistor and the second zeroing resistor jointly form a voltage-dividing circuit to achieve auto-zeroing, so that an output voltage of the zeroing circuit is equal to an output voltage value of the i-th sensor, that is, an input of the first-stage amplifying filter circuit is zero, and an output of the first-stage amplifying filter circuit is also zero.
10. The analog detecting device for alpha surface contamination detection according to claim 9, wherein the amplification control unit receives the control signal from the mcu, determines the value of the RG resistance, outputs the value to the second stage amplifier of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit, and determines that the reference terminal of the second stage amplifying and filtering circuit is grounded.
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