CN111521490B - Induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rock - Google Patents
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
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Abstract
An induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rocks belongs to the technical field of coal rock monitoring and accident prevention. The induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock comprises a base and a charge sensor which are arranged inside a transparent vacuum box, an infrared spectrum analyzer and a computer which are arranged outside the transparent vacuum box, wherein the base is provided with a protective shell with holes, the bottom of the transparent vacuum box is provided with a bottom switch port, the bottom switch port is communicated with the infrared spectrum analyzer through a channel, the top end of the charge sensor is provided with a charge probe, and the computer is connected with the transparent vacuum box, the charge sensor and the infrared spectrum analyzer respectively. The induction test device for the hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock can simulate the pressure state of the deep underground coal rock, can test and analyze coal rock samples macroscopically and microscopically, can quickly and effectively judge the hydrogen bond fracture condition, and provides a theoretical basis for predicting and forecasting mine dynamic disasters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal rock monitoring and accident prevention, in particular to an induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rocks.
Background
With the annual increase in demand for coal resources and the advancement of mining technologies, more and more coal mines enter the deep development period, and deep mining becomes a necessary trend for the development of the coal industry. And because the composition structure characteristics, deformation damage characteristics, energy accumulation and release characteristics and engineering corresponding characteristics of the deep coal rock are obviously different from those of the shallow coal rock, fracture and collapse accidents are more easily caused, and life and property losses are caused, so that a new monitoring technology and a new prevention and control technology are needed.
The basic structure of coal is actually a molecular group consisting of a plurality of coal macromolecules, weak intermolecular interaction exists generally, and a large amount of hydrogen bond crosslinking exists among coal molecules and in the molecules. In addition, an electromagnetic radiation signal exists in the deformation and fracture process of the loaded coal rock, and the electromagnetic radiation is generated due to the variable-speed motion of the charged particles. Therefore, the premise and basis of the electromagnetic radiation is that the electric charge is separated, namely, the electric charge is macroscopically represented as positive and negative electric charges, and the final recovery of the separated electric charges is that the process that the coal rock mass is macroscopically represented as electric neutrality is the process of the electromagnetic radiation. In summary, the process of charge transfer is the process in which electromagnetic radiation occurs.
The existing research calculates the hydrogen bond interaction among macromolecular organic matters, and obtains the conclusion that the larger the transfer amount of electric charges is, the stronger the hydrogen bond interaction is; and when the coal rock mass is deformed and broken, most of the affected parts are intermolecular hydrogen bonds because the external force is insufficient to change the internal configuration of the coal molecule. When hydrogen bond cleavage occurs, charge transfer is necessarily accompanied. Along with the destruction of coal rock mass, a large number of hydrogen bonds are broken, and a large number of charges are transferred. Therefore, the breakage of hydrogen bonds in the coal destruction process makes an important contribution to the separation of charges, that is, the breakage of hydrogen bonds is a main reason for the generation of electromagnetic radiation of coal rocks. Therefore, the research on the hydrogen bond fracture state in the coal rock fracture process has important significance for disclosing the coal rock electromagnetic radiation mechanism and the coal rock dynamic disaster mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock, which can simulate the pressure state of the deep underground coal rock, can test and analyze coal rock samples macroscopically and microscopically, can quickly and effectively judge the hydrogen bond fracture condition, and provides a theoretical basis for predicting and forecasting mine dynamic disasters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rock comprises a base and a charge sensor which are arranged inside a transparent vacuum box, and an infrared spectrum analyzer and a computer which are arranged outside the transparent vacuum box;
the base is provided with a protective shell with holes, and the protective shell with the holes is used for sleeving a coal rock sample;
the bottom of the transparent vacuum box is provided with a bottom switch port, and the bottom switch port is communicated with the infrared spectrum analyzer through a channel so as to enable the broken coal rock sample to enter the infrared spectrum analyzer from the transparent vacuum box;
the top end of the charge sensor is provided with a charge probe for detecting a charge signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the transparent vacuum box, the charge sensor and the infrared spectrum analyzer, and controls the transparent vacuum box to apply pressure to the coal rock sample and receive a pressure signal of the transparent vacuum box, a charge signal of the charge sensor and a spectrum signal of the infrared spectrum analyzer.
Further, inside heating rod and the temperature sensor of still being provided with of transparent vacuum box, heating rod and temperature sensor are connected with the computer respectively, and the computer control heating rod heats, and the temperature signal of receiving temperature sensor.
Further, the pressure signal, the charge signal, the spectrum signal and the temperature signal are input into a computer through a receiving module, a filter, a modulator, an A/D converter and a demodulator in sequence.
Further, a switch is arranged on the bottom switch port and connected with a computer, and the computer controls the opening and closing of the bottom switch port.
Furthermore, the transparent vacuum box is provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure relief switch.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention has the advantages that each part is accurately connected, the structure is simple, the volume is small, the accuracy of each part in the installation process and the work is ensured, the error is reduced to the minimum, in addition, the invention has enough structural strength, good durability, simple and convenient operation, low manufacturing cost and high control precision, and the safe work requirement is met;
2) According to the invention, a deep-layer underground pressure is simulated by a vacuum box to carry out an induction experiment on a coal rock sample, an infrared spectrum technology and an induction technology are applied, and the breakage condition of a hydrogen bond loaded on the coal rock sample is macroscopically and microscopically tested and analyzed by an infrared spectrum analyzer, a charge sensor and a temperature sensor, so that the breakage condition of the hydrogen bond can be rapidly and effectively judged according to a spectrum signal and a charge signal data image, the influence of temperature and pressure on the breakage of the hydrogen bond is obtained according to a temperature and pressure signal data image, and a theoretical basis is provided for predicting and forecasting mine dynamic disasters;
3) The experimental data of the invention can provide early warning for ground pressure disasters in deep underground, provide theoretical basis for predicting and early warning mine dynamic disasters, avoid serious underground damage and casualties as much as possible, and reduce life and property losses of deep underground work.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction testing device for hydrogen bond rupture of coal-bearing rocks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a computer control architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a process of a hydrogen bond rupture test of a coal-bearing rock at normal temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a procedure of a hydrogen bond rupture test of a coal-bearing rock at a temperature rise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
1-a pressure gauge, 2-a pressure relief switch, 3-a heating rod, 4-a protective shell with holes, 5-a coal rock sample, 6-a base, 7-a charge probe, 8-a charge sensor, 9-a bottom switch port, 10-a channel, 11-an infrared spectrum analyzer, 12-a temperature sensor, 13-a transparent vacuum box and 14-a computer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides an induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rocks, which comprises a base 6 and a charge sensor 8 which are arranged inside a transparent vacuum box 13, and an infrared spectrum analyzer 11 and a computer 14 which are arranged outside the transparent vacuum box 13;
the base 6 is provided with a protective shell 4 with holes, and the protective shell 4 with holes is used for sleeving a coal rock sample 5;
the bottom of the transparent vacuum box 13 is provided with a bottom opening and closing port 9, the bottom opening and closing port 9 is communicated with the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 through a channel 10, and the broken coal and rock sample 5 enters the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 from the transparent vacuum box 13;
the top end of the charge sensor 8 is provided with a charge probe 7 for detecting a charge signal;
the computer 14 is respectively connected with the transparent vacuum box 13, the charge sensor 8 and the infrared spectrum analyzer 11, and the computer 14 controls the transparent vacuum box 13 to press the coal rock sample 5 and receives a pressure signal of the transparent vacuum box 13, a charge signal of the charge sensor 8 and a spectrum signal of the infrared spectrum analyzer 11.
In the invention, the transparent vacuum box 13 realizes the functions of air suction and pressure application under the control of the computer 14, the pressure state of deep coal rock is simulated, the practical situation of on-site work is met, the base 6 is arranged in the transparent vacuum box 13 and used for fixing the perforated protective shell 4, the coal rock sample 5 is sleeved in the perforated protective shell 4 and fixed on the base 6, the perforated protective shell 4 can prevent the coal rock sample 5 from being burst to influence a test device while the pressure applied to the coal rock sample 5 by the vacuum box is not influenced, and in the practical use, the coal rock is protected by combining the perforated protective shell 4 due to low hardness of the coal rock, so that the fracture cannot influence other equipment. The bottom of the transparent vacuum box 13 is provided with a charge sensor 8, the top end of the charge sensor 8 is provided with a charge probe 7, the charge probe 7 is matched with the charge sensor 8, and a charge signal is detected on the pressed coal rock sample 5 for analyzing charge change when a hydrogen bond of the loaded coal rock is broken; when the hydrogen bonds of the loaded coal rock sample 5 are broken, charge transfer is generated, the charge probe 7 detects the charge, the charge sensor 8 outputs a charge signal in real time and transmits the charge signal into the computer 14, and the macroscopic induction test of the hydrogen bond breaking condition of the loaded coal rock sample 5 is realized. The transparent vacuum box 13 is provided with a bottom switch port 9, the bottom switch port 9 is connected with a channel 10, the other end of the channel 10 is connected with an infrared spectrum analyzer 11, and after the coal rock sample 5 is loaded and broken, the coal rock sample enters the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 through the channel 10 for infrared radiation scanning analysis, so that the recovery detection of the coal rock sample 5 is realized. The infrared spectrum technology is an absorption spectrum caused by vibration energy level transition generated by absorption of infrared radiation by bonding atoms in substance molecules, the infrared spectrum of an organic substance can reflect the chemical structure characteristics of the organic substance, and different characteristic vibration frequencies (absorption peaks) show the existence of different groups. The infrared spectrum analyzer 11 uses the infrared spectrum technology to research the change of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock, can judge that the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock are in different states according to the change of the transmittance of a spectrum absorption band in the coal rock, analyzes the intensity change of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock, judges the state that the hydrogen bonds are broken, and transmits a spectrum signal output into the computer 14, so that the induction test on the microscopic breakage of the hydrogen bonds of the loaded coal rock is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, a heating rod 3 and a temperature sensor 12 are further disposed inside the transparent vacuum box 13, the heating rod 3 and the temperature sensor 12 are respectively connected to a computer 14, and the computer 14 controls the heating rod 3 to heat and receives a temperature signal from the temperature sensor 12.
In the invention, the heating rod 3 is matched with the temperature sensor 12 to analyze the influence of temperature on the hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock, specifically, the upper end of the transparent vacuum box 13 is connected with the heating rod 3, the heating is controlled by the computer 14 to simulate the influence on the hydrogen bond fracture at different temperatures, and then the temperature sensor 12 arranged at the bottom end of the vacuum box outputs corresponding temperature signals to the computer 14 to realize the induction test of the hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock at different temperatures, so that the hydrogen bond fracture condition of the loaded coal rock sample 5 is judged by combining the temperature and the charge, the data is more accurate and reliable, and the referential significance is strong.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure signal, the charge signal, the spectrum signal and the temperature signal are input to the computer 14 through the receiving module, the filter, the modulator, the a/D converter and the demodulator in this order. After the pressure signal, the charge signal, the spectrum signal and the temperature signal are inputted into the computer 14, a time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-pressure induction curve and a time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-temperature-pressure induction curve are obtained by a data processing software such as Matlab software. Specifically, during a hydrogen bond rupture test of coal-bearing rocks at normal temperature, the computer 14 transmits a signal into a filter through a receiving module to be processed, the analog signal is coded and modulated through a modulator, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through A/D conversion, the digital signal is decoded and demodulated through a demodulator, data is transmitted into the computer 14 through a transmitter, a time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-pressure induction curve is obtained through recording of a spectrum signal, a charge induction digital signal and corresponding time and data processing, and then the law of influence on hydrogen bond rupture is analyzed; or, during the temperature rise and the loaded coal rock hydrogen bond fracture test, the computer 14 transmits the signal into the filter through the receiving module to be processed, the analog signal is coded and modulated through the modulator, the analog signal is converted into the digital signal through A/D conversion, the digital signal is decoded and demodulated through the demodulator, the data is transmitted into the computer 14 through the transmitter, the time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-temperature-pressure-induction curve is obtained through recording the spectral digital signal, the charge induction digital signal, the temperature digital signal and the corresponding time and processing the data, and then the influence rule on the hydrogen bond fracture is analyzed.
In this embodiment, the bottom switch port 9 is provided with a switch, the switch is connected with the computer 14, and the computer 14 controls the opening and closing of the bottom switch port 9.
The transparent vacuum box 13 is provided with a pressure gauge 1 and a pressure relief switch 2. On transparent vacuum box 13 was arranged in to manometer 1 and pressure release switch 2, the internal connection pneumatic valve, manometer 1 observed the vacuum box internal pressure condition when being used for the experiment, and pressure release switch 2 opens after the experiment, emits transparent vacuum box 13 internal pressure, makes the incasement pressure unanimous, and work safe and reliable satisfies safety test's requirement.
The working process of the induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of the loaded coal rock is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, at the beginning of the test, the computer 14 controls the transparent vacuum box 13 to start pumping and pressurizing work, and simulates a deep underground pressure state of the coal rock sample 5 placed in the protective shell 4 with holes to pressurize; meanwhile, the charge probe 7 starts to work to detect the charges generated by the release of the loaded coal rock sample 5 due to the breakage of hydrogen bonds; when the coal rock sample 5 is cracked, the transparent vacuum box 13 stops applying pressure, and a charge signal is transmitted into the computer 14 through the charge sensor 8; then, the bottom switch port 9 is opened, and the coal rock sample 5 enters the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 through the channel 10; the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 uses an infrared spectrum technology to research the change of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock, judges that the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock are in different states according to the change of the transmittance of a spectrum absorption band in the coal rock, analyzes the change of the intensity of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock, judges the state of the breakage of the hydrogen bonds, outputs a spectrum signal and transmits the spectrum signal into the computer 14 to obtain a time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-pressure induction curve;
the method comprises the following steps that not only charge release but also energy change are accompanied by hydrogen bond breakage, the energy is required to be absorbed by the hydrogen bond breakage, when the underground temperature is different or underground equipment works to generate heat, the degree and the speed of the breakage of the hydrogen bond of the loaded coal rock are influenced, and a heating device is introduced for judging the influence of different temperatures on the breakage of the hydrogen bond of the loaded coal rock sample 5;
as shown in fig. 4, when the test is started, the computer 14 controls the heating rod 3 to start working to heat the test device; meanwhile, the computer 14 controls the transparent vacuum box 13 to start air suction and pressure application work, and the coal rock sample 5 is subjected to simulated loading and pressure application; the charge probe 7 starts to work, the charge generated by the release of the heated loaded coal rock sample 5 due to the breakage of hydrogen bonds is detected, and the temperature sensor 12 is also started to detect the temperature of the testing device; when the coal rock sample 5 is cracked, the transparent vacuum box 13 stops pressurizing, the charge sensor 8 transmits a charge signal into the computer 14, and the temperature sensor 12 transmits a temperature signal into the computer 14; then, the bottom switch 9 is opened, the coal rock sample 5 is sent into the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 through the channel 10, the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 researches the change of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock by using an infrared spectrum technology, the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock are judged to be in different states according to the change of the transmittance of a spectrum absorption band in the coal rock, the change of the strength of the hydroxyl hydrogen bonds of the coal rock is analyzed, the condition that the hydrogen bonds are broken is judged, the infrared spectrum analyzer 11 transmits a spectrum signal into the computer 14, and a time-hydrogen bond spectrum-charge-temperature-pressure-induction curve is obtained.
After the test is finished, the pressure inside and outside the device is balanced through the pressure relief switch 2, and the test work is safe and reliable.
In the invention, the fracture of the coal rock sample 5 can be observed by a tester, and the computer 14 records the pressure data of the vacuum box in real time.
When the device is actually used, the computer 14 can adjust the pressure and the speed of air suction and pressure application of the transparent vacuum box 13 as required to perform multiple tests, so that the actual situation of field work is more matched; the computer 14 can also control the heating rod 3 to be started at the same time, the heating temperature and the heating speed are adjusted as required, multiple tests are carried out, energy is required to be absorbed when the hydrogen bonds are broken, the degree of breakage of the hydrogen bonds is different at different temperatures, and the influence of different temperatures on the breakage of the hydrogen bonds of the coal-rock sample 5 is judged; the computer 14 controls the pressure and the temperature, adjusts the air pumping and pressurizing speed of the transparent vacuum box 13 and the heating temperature of the heating rod 3 as required, performs a plurality of tests, finishes the tests according to the change of the spectral absorption band transmittance, the charge induction and the temperature change in the coal rock cracking process, and obtains a time-hydrogen bond spectrogram-charge-temperature-pressure curve by receiving a plurality of signals to be sorted and summarized, so as to analyze the influence rule on the hydrogen bond cracking from the microcosmic and macroscopic aspects, and the data is real and reliable after a plurality of tests; the rules and the influencing factors obtained by the experiment provide reference values for deep underground working system and prevention, so that the safety of underground equipment and the safety of field workers are protected, and the deep underground protection work is facilitated.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. An induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rock is characterized by comprising a base and a charge sensor which are arranged inside a transparent vacuum box, and an infrared spectrum analyzer and a computer which are arranged outside the transparent vacuum box;
the base is provided with a protective shell with holes, and the protective shell with the holes is used for sleeving a coal rock sample;
the bottom of the transparent vacuum box is provided with a bottom switch port, and the bottom switch port is communicated with the infrared spectrum analyzer through a channel so as to enable the broken coal rock sample to enter the infrared spectrum analyzer from the transparent vacuum box; the transparent vacuum box is internally provided with a heating rod and a temperature sensor, the heating rod and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with a computer, and the computer controls the heating rod to heat and receives a temperature signal of the temperature sensor;
the top end of the charge sensor is provided with a charge probe for detecting a charge signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the transparent vacuum box, the charge sensor and the infrared spectrum analyzer, controls the transparent vacuum box to apply pressure to the coal rock sample and receives a pressure signal of the transparent vacuum box, a charge signal of the charge sensor and a spectrum signal of the infrared spectrum analyzer; the pressure signal, the charge signal, the spectrum signal and the temperature signal are input into a computer through a receiving module, a filter, a modulator, an A/D converter and a demodulator in sequence.
2. The induction test device for hydrogen bond fracture of loaded coal rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that a switch is arranged at the bottom switch port, the switch is connected with a computer, and the computer controls the opening and closing of the bottom switch port.
3. The induction test device for hydrogen bond rupture of coal-bearing rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent vacuum box is provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure relief switch.
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