CN111520751A

CN111520751A - Double-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle integrated structure

Info

Publication number: CN111520751A
Application number: CN202010270296.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张群; 李小龙; 程祥旺; 胡凡
Original assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Current assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2020-08-11

Abstract

The invention provides a two-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle integrated structure, and relates to the field of combustion chambers of aero-engines. Based on the effect of traditional fuel sprayer and swirler, nozzle, swirler both are through the synthetic an organic whole of welding with this structure, make both high-efficient cooperations, reduce the matching degree of difficulty between two parts. The swirl chamber of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle and the two-stage swirler are improved, the swirl chamber is communicated with swirler vanes through small holes, oil outlet holes with the same aperture are formed in the outer edge part of the swirler and the connecting position of the centrifugal nozzle and the swirler, under the action of the swirl chamber, a part of fuel oil is sprayed out from a nozzle center oil spray hole, and a part of fuel oil is sprayed out from a swirler oil spray hole through the integrated swirler, so that the fuel oil diffusion area can be effectively increased, the stability of an outlet atomization area and an atomization effect is ensured, and the combustion efficiency of the whole combustion chamber is improved.

Description

Double-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle integrated structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of combustion chambers of aero-engines, and particularly relates to an integrated structure of a two-stage swirler and a centrifugal nozzle.

Background

In the current research, a fuel nozzle and a swirler are always used as important parts of an aero-engine to be explored, the performance of the fuel nozzle and the swirler directly influences the normal stable working range of a combustion chamber, and the service performance, the thrust and the working economy of the aero-engine are also influenced.

At present, a plurality of aero-engines adopt a double-oil-way centrifugal fuel nozzle as a starting nozzle or a working nozzle, the double-oil-way centrifugal fuel nozzle is composed of two single-oil-way nozzles which are concentrically arranged, and when the flow is small, only a first-level nozzle is adopted, so that the atomization quality is good; when the flow is larger, the process of switching from the first-stage nozzle to the second-stage nozzle exists, the atomization defect exists in the process, the atomization effect is not good, and the manufacturing, assembling and other processes of the whole nozzle are very complex and have high technical requirements. Meanwhile, the fuel of the aircraft engine is swirled mainly by a two-stage swirler so as to meet the requirements of spraying angle and flow. However, due to the defects of processing technology level and technical precision, the cyclone still has the problems that the spraying angle deviates from the designed value, the nozzle and the cyclone are not matched, and the like. At present, some scholars also carry out a great deal of research on the swirler, and find out how to design an atomizing cone angle meeting the requirements, so that the problem of uneven spraying is solved, and an important basis is provided for the improvement of a fuel nozzle, so that the technical improvement and the design of the swirler are continuously developed.

In the prior patents, the design effect of the nozzle is improved by only improving the nozzle in part, and the design effect of the nozzle is improved by only designing the swirl angle of the swirler in part, so that the influence of the outlet taper angle of the nozzle on the atomization quality and the matching relation between the swirler and the nozzle are ignored. This scheme is through carrying out the integrated design with nozzle and swirler, considers both matching relations, makes the whirl effect better simultaneously, and fuel atomization quality is better, guarantees its combustion efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an integrated structure of a two-stage cyclone and a centrifugal nozzle. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the nozzle and the swirler are integrally designed and connected in a welding mode, so that the matching difficulty between the two parts is reduced, and the dislocation of the nozzle and the swirler caused by the vibration of the whole machine can be prevented. Simultaneously, the swirl chamber and the doublestage swirler of single oil circuit centrifugal nozzle have been improved, the swirl chamber is linked together through the aperture with the swirler blade, the fuel passes through the aperture and reaches first grade swirler and second grade swirler outer fringe along the swirler blade, finally spout the fuel through the outer fringe aperture, effectively increase fuel diffusion area, do benefit to the intensive mixing of fuel and air, reach the best atomization effect, guarantee the stability of export atomization zone and atomization effect, improve the combustion efficiency of whole combustion chamber, this structure is compared in a lot of simple structures, and good application prospect has.

Technical scheme

The invention aims to provide an integrated structure of a two-stage cyclone and a centrifugal nozzle.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the integrated structure of two-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle is formed from improved single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle and two-stage swirler. The method is characterized in that: based on the effect of traditional fuel sprayer and swirler, nozzle, swirler both are through the synthetic an organic whole of welding with this structure, make both high-efficient cooperations, and the effect is better.

The centrifugal nozzle is characterized in that: four tangential grooves are uniformly laid in the vortex cavity, the cyclone oil inlet holes are laid in the tangential grooves 5mm behind the axis direction of the vortex cavity, the hole diameter is equal to the size of the tangential grooves, and the small hole inlets are also tangentially arranged. The fuel injected into the swirl cavity moves along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the chamber, one part of the fuel is ejected from the outlet of the spray pipe along with the conical structure of the swirl cavity, and the other part of the fuel flows to the rim of the swirler through the integrated swirler and is injected from the rims of the first stage and the second stage, so that the distribution range of the fuel is expanded.

The double-stage swirler is characterized in that: an oil through pipeline is laid at the connecting position of the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone, the pipe diameter is 3mm, the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone are circumferentially arranged, and fuel oil uniformly circulates in the oil through pipeline. Oil outlet holes with the diameter of 1mm are arranged at the outer edge part of the first-stage and second-stage cyclone blades of the cyclone and at the connection position of the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone at each 30-degree included angle, each small hole leads to one cyclone blade, blade oil through holes are laid in the two-stage cyclone blades, and the oil through holes are connected with oil through pipelines.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts the integrated structure of the fuel nozzle and the swirler, can reduce the complexity of the two structures, reduce the matching difficulty between the two parts and prevent the dislocation of the nozzle and the swirler caused by the vibration of the whole machine.

2. Compared with a double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is simpler in structure, and the stability of an outlet atomization area and an atomization effect can be guaranteed.

3. The adopted two-stage swirler structure can effectively increase the fuel diffusion area, is beneficial to the full mixing of fuel and air, achieves the best atomization effect, and improves the combustion efficiency of the whole combustion chamber.

Drawings

FIG. 1: integral structure of double-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle

FIG. 2: sectional view of integrated structure of two-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle

FIG. 3: front view of integrated structure of double-stage swirler and centrifugal nozzle

In the figure: 1-oil inlet pipeline, 2-two-stage swirler wheel rim, 3-swirler oil injection hole, 4-swirler vane, 5-nozzle center oil injection hole, 6-tangential groove, 7-swirl cavity, 8-swirler oil inlet hole, 9-annular oil passage and 10-vane oil through hole.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention is an integrated structure of a two-stage swirler and a centrifugal nozzle, and has a very good promoting effect on atomization and sufficient combustion of a combustion chamber. Fig. 1 is an overall view of an integrated structure of a two-stage swirler and a swirler, fig. 2 is a sectional view of an integrated structure of a two-stage swirler and a swirler, and fig. 3 is a front view of an integrated structure of a two-stage swirler and a swirler.

Fuel oil reaches the head of the nozzle from an oil tank through an oil inlet pipeline 1, the fuel oil at the head flows to the periphery of the vortex cavity through an annular oil pipe, the fuel oil is sprayed into the vortex cavity 7 through four tangential grooves 6, the fuel oil rotates in the circumferential direction in the vortex cavity 7, a part of the fuel oil enters a pipeline leading to the vortex device from an oil inlet hole 8 of the vortex device in a tangential direction under the action of centrifugal force, and the rest part of the fuel oil is sprayed out of the nozzle from an oil injection hole 5 in the center of the nozzle to reach the head of the flame. The amount of fuel sprayed from the nozzle is small, the spraying distance in the flame tube is long, and the fuel is favorable for being mixed with air. The fuel oil entering from the swirler oil inlet 8 reaches the connecting position of the centrifugal nozzle and the swirler along a pipeline, flows in the peripheral circumferential direction of the nozzle through the annular oil passage 9, part of the fuel oil is sprayed out from the oil spray hole 3 at the connecting position, part of the fuel oil flows towards the rim of the primary swirler and the rim 2 of the secondary swirler along the blade oil through holes 10 in the blades 4 of the primary swirler and the secondary swirler, and finally the fuel oil is sprayed out from the swirler oil spray hole 3 on the rim, so that the fuel oil in the swirl cavity can still be effectively sprayed to the full range of a main combustion area under smaller pressure, a good atomization effect can be achieved, the combustion efficiency of the whole combustion chamber is improved, meanwhile, the fuel oil nozzle and the swirler are of an integrated structure, the complexity of the two structures can be reduced, the matching difficulty between the two parts is.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a doublestage swirler and centrifugal nozzle integrated structure, is formed by single oil circuit centrifugal nozzle, doublestage swirler combination after the improvement, its characterized in that: based on the effect of traditional fuel sprayer and swirler, nozzle, swirler both are through the synthetic an organic whole of welding with this structure, make both high-efficient cooperations, and the effect is better.

2. The integrated dual stage swirler and swirler structure of claim 1, wherein: four tangential grooves are uniformly laid in the vortex cavity of the centrifugal nozzle, the oil inlet of the cyclone is laid in the tangential grooves 5mm behind the axis direction of the vortex cavity, the aperture size of the oil inlet is equal to that of the tangential grooves, and the inlets of the small holes are also tangentially arranged.

3. The integrated dual stage swirler and swirler structure of claim 1, wherein: an oil through pipeline is laid at the connecting position of the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone, the pipe diameter is 3mm, the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone are circumferentially arranged, and fuel oil uniformly circulates in the oil through pipeline.

4. The integrated dual stage swirler and swirler structure of claim 1, wherein: oil spray holes with the aperture of 1mm are arranged at the outer edge part of the first-stage and second-stage cyclone blades of the cyclone and at the connection position of the centrifugal nozzle and the cyclone at each 30-degree included angle, each small hole leads to one cyclone blade, and blade oil through holes are laid in the two-stage cyclone blades.

5. The integrated dual stage swirler and swirler structure of claim 1, wherein: the fuel injected into the swirl cavity moves along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the chamber, one part of the fuel is ejected from the outlet of the spray pipe along with the conical structure of the swirl cavity, and the other part of the fuel flows to the rim of the swirler through the integrated swirler and is injected from the rims of the first stage and the second stage, so that the distribution range of the fuel is expanded.