CN111519063A

CN111519063A - Method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by adopting copper scraps and scrap iron

Info

Publication number: CN111519063A
Application number: CN202010527584.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭炜; 谌昀; 陈威
Original assignee: Institute of Applied Physics of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Applied Physics of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2020-06-08
Filing date: 2020-06-08
Publication date: 2020-08-11

Abstract

A method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by adopting copper scraps and iron scraps is characterized in that the mass ratio of pure Cu cuttings to pure Fe cuttings is 4-99: 1. Uniformly mixing pure Cu cuttings with the size of (0.1-11) mmX (0.1-4.9) mmX (0.01-1.57) mm and pure Fe cuttings with the size of (0.1-6.5) mmX (0.1-2.7) mmX (0.01-1.46) mm; pressing the mixed cuttings at 600-890 MPa and room temperature for 25-65 s to obtain cold-pressed billet; then pressing the cold-pressed billet for 35-70 s at 650-750 MPa and 900-1000 ℃ to obtain a hot-pressed billet; extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 800-900 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 25-36: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.1-0.5 mm/s; and then, carrying out multi-pass cold drawing on the bar at room temperature until the cross-sectional shrinkage is 99.75-99.99% to obtain a wire, and finally annealing the wire at 200-500 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Fe alloy. The Cu-Fe alloy prepared by the method does not need a melting process, not only can effectively avoid the oxidation and burning loss of raw materials, but also can greatly reduce the solid solution of Fe in Cu, thereby obviously improving the conductivity of the Cu-Fe alloy.

Description

Method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by adopting copper scraps and scrap iron

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of copper alloy, and relates to a method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by adopting cuttings.

Background

The copper alloy has good conductivity and mechanical property and strong plastic deformation capability, is a key material in the industries of electronics, energy, machinery, ships and the like, wherein the Cu-Fe alloy has low cost, is easy to melt and plastically process, has wide application prospect as a high-strength high-conductivity alloy, and is widely concerned by researchers.

At present, Cu-Fe alloy is mainly prepared by a conventional fusion casting method, and then subsequent deformation processing and heat treatment are carried out; during casting, a large amount of Fe element is usually dissolved in a Cu matrix in a solid solution mode, the conductivity of the alloy is seriously reduced, only part of Fe can be precipitated through subsequent treatment, and the conductivity of the alloy is still obviously influenced by the residual solid solution Fe. The Cu-Fe alloy prepared by adopting the Cu powder and Fe powder hot-pressing sintering mode avoids casting, but has large powder surface area and strong activity, and the influence on the conductivity caused by easy oxidation and excessive interfaces in the preparation process is inevitable. How to reduce solid solution of Fe in Cu as much as possible and improve the conductivity of Cu-Fe alloy is the key of large-scale application of the alloy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a Cu-Fe alloy by using Cu and Fe cuttings, so that the alloy has high conductivity while keeping high strength.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following steps:

1. uniformly mixing pure Cu cuttings with the size of (0.1-11) mmX (0.1-4.9) mmX (0.01-1.57) mm and pure Fe cuttings with the size of (0.1-6.5) mmX (0.1-2.7) mmX (0.01-1.46) mm, wherein the mass ratio of the pure Cu cuttings to the pure Fe cuttings is 4-99: 1;

2. pressing the mixed cuttings at 600-890 MPa and room temperature for 25-65 s to obtain cold-pressed billet;

3. pressing the cold-pressed billet for 35-70 s at the temperature of 900-1000 ℃ under 650-750 MPa to obtain a hot-pressed billet;

4. extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 800-900 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 25-36: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.1-0.5 mm/s;

5. performing multi-pass cold drawing on the bar at room temperature until the cross-sectional shrinkage rate is 99.75-99.99% to obtain a wire;

6. and annealing the wire material at 200-500 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Fe alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the Cu-Fe alloy is prepared by plastic processing in a solid-phase temperature range, a melting process is not needed, the oxidation and burning loss of raw materials can be effectively avoided, and the solid solution of Fe in Cu can be greatly reduced by only carrying out deformation treatment on the original scraps in the processing process, so that the conductivity of the Cu-Fe alloy is obviously improved; the preparation method is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can reduce the production cost, and has accurate alloy components. In addition, the cold pressing, hot extrusion and drawing treatment are carried out in the preparation process, so that the plastic deformation of the alloy is large, the crystal grains are obviously refined, and the mechanical property can be obviously improved.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

this example provides a method of making a Cu-5Fe alloy, comprising the steps of:

1. machining pure Cu and pure Fe: processing pure Cu into scraps with the size of 6mm multiplied by 3mm multiplied by 0.7mm by using a lathe, processing pure Fe into scraps with the size of 4mm multiplied by 2mm multiplied by 0.8mm, and uniformly mixing the two in a mass ratio of 19: 1;

2. pressing the mixed cuttings at 750MPa and room temperature for 50s to obtain cold-pressed billets;

3. pressing the cold-pressed billet for 60s at 700MPa and 950 ℃ to obtain a hot-pressed billet;

4. extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 850 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 25: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.3 mm/s;

5. performing multi-pass cold drawing on the bar at room temperature until the cross-sectional shrinkage rate is 99.99% to obtain a wire;

6. and annealing the wire material at 200 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-5Fe alloy.

Example 2:

this example provides a method of making a Cu-10Fe alloy, comprising the steps of:

1. machining pure Cu and pure Fe: processing pure Cu into scraps with the size of 8mm multiplied by 2mm multiplied by 0.3mm by using a lathe, processing pure Fe into scraps with the size of 5mm multiplied by 1mm multiplied by 0.5mm, and uniformly mixing the two in a mass ratio of 9: 1;

2. pressing the mixed cuttings at the room temperature of 800MPa for 55s to obtain cold-pressed billets;

3. pressing the cold-pressed billet for 65s at 750MPa and 950 ℃ to obtain a hot-pressed billet;

4. extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 900 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 25: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.2 mm/s;

6. and annealing the wire material at 300 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-10Fe alloy.

Example 3:

this example provides a method of making a Cu-15Fe alloy, comprising the steps of:

1. machining pure Cu and pure Fe: processing pure Cu into scraps with the size of 10mm multiplied by 1mm multiplied by 0.2mm by using a lathe, processing pure Fe into scraps with the size of 6mm multiplied by 1.5mm multiplied by 0.3mm, and uniformly mixing the two scraps according to the mass ratio of 17: 3;

2. pressing the mixed cuttings at 890MPa and room temperature for 60s to obtain cold-pressed billets;

3. pressing the cold-pressed billet for 70s at 750MPa and 1000 ℃ to obtain a hot-pressed billet;

4. extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 900 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 36: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.1 mm/s;

5. performing multi-pass cold drawing on the bar at room temperature until the cross-sectional shrinkage rate is 99.75% to obtain a wire;

6. and annealing the wire material at 350 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-15Fe alloy.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Cu-Fe alloy by adopting copper scraps and iron scraps is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing pure Cu cuttings and pure Fe cuttings, wherein the mass ratio of the pure Cu cuttings to the pure Fe cuttings is 4-99: 1;

(2) pressing the mixed cuttings at 600-890 MPa and room temperature for 25-65 s to obtain cold-pressed billet;

(3) pressing the cold-pressed billet for 35-70 s at the temperature of 900-1000 ℃ under 650-750 MPa to obtain a hot-pressed billet;

(4) extruding the hot-pressed billet into a bar at 800-900 ℃ according to an extrusion ratio of 25-36: 1 and an extrusion speed of 0.1-0.5 mm/s;

(5) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the bar at room temperature until the cross-sectional shrinkage rate is 99.75-99.99% to obtain a wire;

(6) and annealing the wire material at 200-500 ℃ to obtain the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Fe alloy.

2. The method of producing a Cu-Fe alloy using copper scraps and iron scraps as set forth in claim 1, wherein the Cu scraps have a size of (0.1 to 11) mmX (0.1 to 4.9) mmX (0.01 to 1.57) mm.

3. The method of producing a Cu-Fe alloy using copper scraps and iron scraps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the Fe scraps is (0.1-6.5) mmx (0.1-2.7) mmx (0.01-1.46) mm.