CN111519014A - Improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and heat treatment furnace structure - Google Patents
Improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and heat treatment furnace structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519014A CN111519014A CN202010508222.XA CN202010508222A CN111519014A CN 111519014 A CN111519014 A CN 111519014A CN 202010508222 A CN202010508222 A CN 202010508222A CN 111519014 A CN111519014 A CN 111519014A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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Abstract
The invention relates to an improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and a heat treatment furnace structure, which are characterized in that: the device comprises two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of layer frame structures, each row of layer frame structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece frames to form a 12-18 x 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece frame structure which is set as a high-temperature heating furnace and a constant-temperature aging furnace, the high-temperature heating furnace is a solid solution furnace, and the constant-temperature aging furnace is an aging furnace; a manipulator is arranged between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, a quenching tank is arranged between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace, and a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank; an air cooling device is arranged at a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace; the mechanical arm sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt, and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt. The furnace has the characteristics of large volume of the furnace body, high efficiency, uniform heating of workpieces, high qualification rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and a heat treatment furnace structure. Belongs to the technical field of automobile and accessory manufacturing equipment.
Background
In the prior art, a heat treatment method for a cylinder cover of an automobile part generally uses a rotary heat treatment furnace for heat treatment, and the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: manual input → solid solution → spray hardening → aging → finished product; the heat treatment furnace is a small-capacity furnace body structure and has a 10-row 5-layer structure (namely 10 rows of 5-layer workpieces can be placed, and 2 workpieces can be placed on each layer), and the capacity of the heat treatment furnace is 100 workpieces per furnace; the structure is a tunnel furnace body structure, which comprises a solid solution area, an aging area and a material frame, wherein a spray type quenching area is arranged between the solid solution area and the aging area. The heat treatment method in the prior art has the following problems: (1) manual feeding and discharging are carried out, so that the workload is large and the efficiency is low; (2) workers work beside the furnace, so that the safety of the working environment is poor; (3) in the heat treatment process, the workpiece and the material frame (the weight of the material frame accounts for about 48 percent) are heated together, so that energy is wasted; (4) the uniformity of the heat treatment temperature and the quenching temperature of the workpiece is poor, and the product percent of pass is low; (5) the waste heat of the material frame influences the environmental temperature of a workshop. The heat treatment furnace in the prior art has the following problems: (1) the furnace body has small volume and unreasonable structure, and the accommodated heat treatment workpieces have small quantity and low efficiency; (2) the workpiece is not fixedly placed, and the workpiece needs to be fed into the furnace with the material frame outside, so that the material frame is easy to move during rotary heat treatment to influence the heating of the workpiece, the workpiece is heated unevenly, and the product percent of pass is low; (3) the material frame is heated in the furnace body along with the workpiece, so that energy waste is caused; when the furnace body is moved out, the temperature is higher, and the rest heat is emitted to influence the environment and the temperature of a workshop.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to solve the problems of large workload of manual feeding and discharging, waste of energy due to the fact that a material frame is heated along with a workpiece, poor uniformity of workpiece heat treatment temperature, low production efficiency and the like of a rotary heat treatment furnace of the cylinder cover heat treatment method in the prior art, and provide an improved cylinder cover heat treatment method which has the prominent substantial characteristics and obvious technical progress of small workload of mechanical feeding and discharging, good energy saving and workpiece heat uniformity, high product qualification rate, high production efficiency and the like.
The second purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of small furnace body volume, unreasonable structure, small number of accommodated heat treatment workpieces, low efficiency, no fixed workpiece placing position in the furnace, uneven workpiece heating, low product percent of pass and the like of the cylinder cover heat treatment furnace in the prior art, and provide an improved cylinder cover heat treatment furnace structure which has the prominent substantive characteristics and obvious technical progress of large furnace body volume, reasonable structure, large number of accommodated heat treatment workpieces, high efficiency, fixed workpiece placing position in the furnace, even workpiece heating, high product percent of pass and the like.
One of the purposes of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
an improved cylinder cover heat treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arranging two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of shelf structures, each row of shelf structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece shelves to form a 12-18 by 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece shelf structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace and the other as a constant-temperature aging furnace, arranging a manipulator between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, arranging a quenching tank between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace, arranging a temperature detector in the quenching tank, and arranging a conveying belt and an air cooling device at the workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace; the mechanical arm sends the workpiece into a high-temperature heating furnace, a constant-temperature aging furnace and a quenching tank and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace and the quenching tank;
2) the method comprises the following steps that a workpiece with a two-dimensional code is sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a high-temperature heating furnace through a manipulator, and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the high-temperature heating furnace to 500-550 ℃ and keeping the constant temperature for heating for 200 minutes to finish high-temperature heat treatment;
3) taking out the workpieces subjected to high-temperature heat treatment from the high-temperature heating furnace through a manipulator, sequentially putting the workpieces into a quenching tank for quenching for 60 seconds, keeping the water temperature at 80 ℃ in the quenching process, and finishing the quenching of the workpieces;
4) all the workpieces subjected to quenching treatment are taken out from the quenching tank through a manipulator and are sequentially sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a constant-temperature aging furnace, and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the constant temperature aging furnace to 200 ℃, keeping constant temperature aging for 180-190 minutes, and finishing constant temperature aging heat treatment;
5) and taking out the workpieces subjected to the constant-temperature aging heat treatment from the constant-temperature aging furnace through the manipulator, sequentially feeding the workpieces into the conveying belt, and sequentially cooling the workpieces through the air cooling device to finish the heat treatment process of the cylinder cover workpieces.
One of the purposes of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
furthermore, the control input end of the manipulator is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, and the work of the manipulator is controlled through the external industrial personal computer PLC.
Furthermore, a temperature detector in the rotary furnace detects the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, and transmits a detected temperature signal to a signal input end of an externally connected industrial personal computer PLC, a control signal input end of an alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with a control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range according to an input signal of the temperature detector and a workpiece two-dimensional code so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and if the workpiece is waste, the alarm is driven to alarm and a manipulator is driven to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt and put the workpiece waste into a waste box; if the workpieces are judged to be good products, the manipulator is driven to take out the good products from the upper limit of the conveyer belt and place the good products into a good product box; and the PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace and the temperature in the quenching tank to be constant according to temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank.
The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a modified cylinder cap heat treatment furnace structure which characterized in that: the device comprises two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of shelf structures, each row of shelf structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece shelves to form a 12-18 by 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece shelf structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace and the other as a constant-temperature aging furnace, wherein the high-temperature heating furnace is a solid solution furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace is an aging furnace; a manipulator is arranged between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, a quenching tank is arranged between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace, and a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank; a conveying belt and an air cooling device are arranged at a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace; the mechanical arm sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt, and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt.
The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
furthermore, the control input end of the manipulator is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the action output end of the manipulator is provided with a telescopic structure, the manipulator extends into the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt to place and take out workpieces, and the work of the manipulator is controlled by the external industrial personal computer PLC.
Furthermore, the temperature detector in the rotary furnace comprises a furnace temperature detection head and a workpiece temperature detection head to detect the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, the temperature signal output end of each temperature detection head is externally connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer PLC, and the control signal input end of the alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC.
Furthermore, an external industrial personal computer PLC automatically records a two-dimensional code of a workpiece, a two-dimensional code scanner is arranged in the manipulator, and a signal output end of the two-dimensional code scanner is electrically connected with a signal input end of the external industrial personal computer PLC; the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range according to an input signal of the temperature detector and the workpiece two-dimensional code so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and drives an alarm to alarm and a manipulator to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt into a waste box if the workpiece is judged to be waste; if the workpieces are judged to be good products, the manipulator is driven to take out the good products from the upper limit of the conveyer belt and place the good products into a good product box; and the PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace and the temperature in the quenching tank to be constant according to temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank.
Further, the air cooling device comprises a high-power fan and a fan frame, the fan frame is arranged above the conveying belt at the outlet end of the constant-temperature aging furnace, the high-power fan is arranged on the fan frame, and an air outlet of the high-power fan faces the conveying belt; the power and the air quantity of the high-power fan are adjustable.
The invention has the following prominent substantive characteristics and technical progress:
1. the invention relates to an improved cylinder cover heat treatment method, which is characterized in that two rotary furnaces are respectively a high-temperature heating furnace and a constant-temperature aging furnace, and a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; each rotary furnace is of a three-dimensional high-capacity rotary furnace heat treatment furnace structure; a quenching tank, a conveying belt and an air cooling device are also arranged; a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank, a manipulator is arranged between the two rotary furnaces, the manipulator sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace and the quenching tank, and the workpiece is taken out from the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace and the quenching tank; heating the furnace temperature of the high-temperature heating furnace to 500-550 ℃ and keeping the constant temperature for heating for 200 minutes to finish high-temperature heat treatment; sequentially putting the workpieces into a quenching tank 4 for quenching for 60 seconds, keeping the water temperature at 80 ℃ in the quenching process, and completing the quenching of the workpieces; sequentially sending the workpieces into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a constant-temperature aging furnace through a manipulator 3, raising the temperature in the furnace of the constant-temperature aging furnace to 200 ℃, and then keeping constant-temperature aging for 180-190 minutes to finish constant-temperature aging heat treatment; and finally, sequentially conveying the workpieces into a conveying belt and sequentially cooling the workpieces through an air cooling device to finish the heat treatment process of the cylinder cover workpieces. Therefore, the rotary heat treatment furnace for the cylinder cover heat treatment method in the prior art can solve the problems of large workload of manual feeding and discharging, waste of energy due to the fact that a material frame is heated along with a workpiece, poor uniformity of workpiece heat treatment temperature, low production efficiency and the like, and has the outstanding substantive characteristics and obvious technical progress of small workload of mechanical feeding and discharging, good energy saving and workpiece heating uniformity, high product qualification rate, high production efficiency and the like.
2. The improved cylinder cover heat treatment furnace structure comprises two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of shelf structures, each row of shelf structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece shelves to form a 12-18 by 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece shelf structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace and the other as a constant-temperature aging furnace, wherein the high-temperature heating furnace is a solid solution furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace is an aging furnace; a manipulator is arranged between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, a quenching tank is arranged between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace, and a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank; a conveying belt and an air cooling device are arranged at a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace; the mechanical arm sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt, and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace, the constant-temperature aging furnace, the quenching tank and the conveying belt. Therefore, the cylinder cover heat treatment furnace can solve the problems of small furnace body volume, unreasonable structure, small quantity of accommodated heat treatment workpieces, low efficiency, no fixed workpiece placing position in the furnace, uneven workpiece heating, low product percent of pass and the like of the cylinder cover heat treatment furnace in the prior art, and has the prominent substantive characteristics and obvious technical progress of large furnace body volume, reasonable structure, large quantity of accommodated heat treatment workpieces, high efficiency, fixed workpiece placing position in the furnace, even workpiece heating, high product percent of pass and the like.
3. The invention adopts a material frame-free mode to heat treat the workpiece, can save energy consumption and fuel cost, can improve the heating uniformity of the product and improve the safety of the operating environment; proved by trial of the applicant, the energy consumption cost can be saved by about 37% by applying the cylinder cover heat treatment method and the heat treatment structure.
4. The invention is provided with the quenching tank, so that the workpiece is immersed and quenched, the quenching tank has the characteristics of constant temperature and uniform quenching, and the feeding and taking out of the workpiece in the solid solution furnace and the aging furnace are automatically completed by the manipulator, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the product and improving the safety of the operating environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Specific example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the improved cylinder head heat treatment furnace structure related to the embodiment comprises two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in the rotary furnaces; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of layer frame structures 6, each row of layer frame structure 6 is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece frames to form a 12-18 x 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece frame structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace 1, the other rotary furnace as a constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the high-temperature heating furnace 1 as a solution furnace, and the constant-temperature aging furnace 2 as an aging furnace; a manipulator 3 is arranged between the high-temperature heating furnace 1 and the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, a quenching tank 4 is arranged between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace 1 and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, and a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank 4; a conveying belt and an air cooling device 5 are arranged at the workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant temperature aging furnace 2; the mechanical arm 3 sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace 1, the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the quenching tank 4 and the conveyer belt, and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace 1, the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the quenching tank 4 and the conveyer belt.
In this embodiment:
the control input end of the manipulator 3 is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the action output end of the manipulator 3 is provided with a telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure extends into the high-temperature heating furnace 1, the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the quenching tank 4 and the conveying belt to place and take out workpieces, and the manipulator 3 is controlled to work through the external industrial personal computer PLC. The manipulator 3 can adopt a manipulator (robot) of a conventional technology, and the industrial personal computer PLC can be a mobile external PLC of the conventional technology.
The air cooling device 5 comprises a high-power fan and a fan frame, the fan frame is arranged above the conveying belt at the outlet end of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the high-power fan is arranged on the fan frame, and an air outlet of the high-power fan faces the conveying belt; the power and the air quantity of the high-power fan are adjustable.
The temperature detector in the rotary furnace (comprising the high-temperature heating furnace 1 and the constant-temperature aging furnace 2) comprises a furnace temperature detection head and a workpiece temperature detection head so as to detect the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, the temperature signal output end of each temperature detection head is externally connected with the signal input end of an industrial personal computer PLC, and the control signal input end of an alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC.
The two-dimensional code of the workpiece 10 is automatically recorded by an external industrial personal computer PLC, a two-dimensional code scanner is arranged in the manipulator 3, and a signal output end of the two-dimensional code scanner is electrically connected with a signal input end of the external industrial personal computer PLC; the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range or not according to the input signal of the temperature detector and the two-dimensional code of the workpiece 10 so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and drives an alarm to alarm and a manipulator to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt into a waste box if the workpiece is judged to be waste; if the workpiece is judged to be good, the manipulator 3 is driven to take out the good workpiece from the upper limit of the conveying belt and put the good workpiece into a good workpiece box; the industrial personal computer PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace to be constant and the temperature in the quenching tank 4 to be constant according to the temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank 4.
The temperature detector can adopt a temperature sensor of the conventional technology, the two-dimensional code scanner can adopt a two-dimensional code scanner of the conventional technology, the high-temperature heating furnace 1 and the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, and except that the furnace body has a large volume, and a workpiece placed in the furnace is of a three-dimensional fixed frame structure, the basic structure, the heating mode and the sealing mode of a rotary furnace of the conventional technology are adopted.
The improved cylinder cover heat treatment method related to the embodiment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arranging two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of layer frame structures 6, each row of layer frame structure 6 is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece frames to form a 12-18 x 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece frame structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace 1 and the other as a constant-temperature aging furnace 2, arranging a manipulator 3 between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, arranging a quenching tank 4 between a high-temperature workpiece outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace 1 and an aging workpiece inlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, arranging a temperature detector in the quenching tank 4, and arranging a conveying belt and an air cooling device 5 outside an aging workpiece outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2; the mechanical arm 3 sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace 1, the constant-temperature aging furnace 2 and the quenching tank 4 or takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace 1, the constant-temperature aging furnace 2 and the quenching tank 4;
2) the method comprises the following steps that a workpiece with a two-dimensional code is sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a high-temperature heating furnace 1 through a manipulator 3, and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the high-temperature heating furnace to 500-550 ℃ and keeping the constant temperature for heating for 200 minutes to finish high-temperature heat treatment;
3) taking out the workpieces subjected to high-temperature heat treatment from the high-temperature heating furnace 1 through the manipulator 3, sequentially putting the workpieces into the quenching tank 4 for quenching for 60 seconds, keeping the water temperature at 80 ℃ in the quenching process, and finishing the quenching of the workpieces;
4) all the workpieces subjected to quenching treatment are taken out from a quenching tank 4 through a manipulator 3 and are sequentially sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a constant-temperature aging furnace 2, and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the constant temperature aging furnace 2 to 200 ℃, keeping constant temperature aging for 180-190 minutes, and finishing constant temperature aging heat treatment;
5) and the workpieces subjected to constant-temperature aging heat treatment are all taken out of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2 through the manipulator 3, are sequentially conveyed into the conveying belt, and are sequentially cooled through the air cooling device 5, so that the heat treatment process of the cylinder cover workpieces is completed.
Further, the control input end of the manipulator 3 is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, and the work of the manipulator 3 is controlled through the external industrial personal computer PLC.
Furthermore, a temperature detector in the rotary furnace detects the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, and transmits a detected temperature signal to a signal input end of an externally connected industrial personal computer PLC, a control signal input end of an alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with a control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range according to an input signal of the temperature detector and a workpiece two-dimensional code so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and if the workpiece is waste, the alarm is driven to alarm and a manipulator is driven to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt and put the workpiece waste into a waste box; if the workpiece is judged to be good, the manipulator 3 is driven to take out the good workpiece from the upper limit of the conveying belt and put the good workpiece into a good workpiece box; the industrial personal computer PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace to be constant and the temperature in the quenching tank 4 to be constant according to the temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank 4.
In this embodiment: the workpiece 10 is stored and taken in the rotary furnace in a material frame-free processing mode, the manipulator 3 automatically feeds and discharges materials, abnormal products are automatically identified and discharged through detection and judgment of an external industrial personal computer PLC, and the whole production condition is automatically recorded; the solid solution furnace and the aging furnace in the heat treatment process both adopt a hearth rotary structure mode; the heat treatment assembly line consists of a feeding conveyer belt, a manipulator, a solid solution furnace, a quenching tank, an aging furnace, an air cooling frame and a discharging conveyer belt.
The working steps of the pipeline comprise:
feeding → positioning → charging → solid solution → quenching → water removal → aging → discharging- → -air cooling-blanking.
The deviation of the positioning precision of the embodiment is less than or equal to 20 mm; the aging and solid solution processes are continuously rotated in the furnace; cooling the workpiece to be less than or equal to 70 ℃ after the workpiece is discharged from the furnace in an aging way; the automatic alarm is given when the workpiece is abnormal (falls, overtime processing time and abnormal pressure) in the processing process; automatically discharging abnormal products; each workpiece article processing condition requirement has a record;
according to the embodiment, the fork arm of the manipulator can be lengthened according to actual needs; the furnace body of the rotary furnace is of a large-capacity structure, and the size of a hearth is as follows: phi 4000-phi 5000mm (16 columns by 5 layers can be loaded); the manipulator (robot) adopts an adjustable high-power manipulator (robot), the fork arm of the manipulator (robot) adopts a long fork arm, 3 products (the length is 1000-; the air cooling device uses a large air volume fan, and the power/air volume of the fan is 20KW-45KW, and the air volume is 1500-3/min)。
Referring to fig. 2, the working process of the prior art rotary heat treatment furnace is as follows:
feeding → two-dimension code recording → positioning → solid solution feeding → quenching → aging feeding → discharging air cooling → discharging
The working process of the rotary heat treatment furnace comprises the following steps:
feeding → two-dimension code recording → positioning → solid solution feeding → quenching → aging feeding → discharging air cooling → discharging
In summary, although the heat treatment process of the present invention is apparently the same as the prior art, the temperature conditions are different in each stage of the heat treatment due to the adoption of the rotary furnace with a large capacity structure and the adoption of the manipulator for delivering and taking out the workpiece, and meanwhile, the temperature detector and the alarm arranged in the rotary furnace are provided with the two-dimensional code scanner in the manipulator, so that the production automation can be formed, and the production efficiency and the quality of the heat treatment product can be improved.
In practical application, the air cooling device 5 comprises a high-power fan and a fan frame, the fan frame is arranged above the conveying belt at the outlet end of the constant-temperature aging furnace 2, the high-power fan is arranged on the fan frame, and an air outlet of the high-power fan faces the conveying belt; the power and the air quantity of the high-power fan are adjustable.
Claims (8)
1. An improved cylinder cover heat treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) arranging two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of shelf structures, each row of shelf structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece shelves to form a 12-18 by 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece shelf structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace (1) and the other as a constant-temperature aging furnace (2), arranging a manipulator (3) between the high-temperature heating furnace and the constant-temperature aging furnace, arranging a quenching tank (4) between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace (1) and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), arranging a temperature detector in the quenching tank (4), and arranging a conveying belt and an air cooling device (5) at the workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace (2); the mechanical arm (3) sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace (1), the constant-temperature aging furnace (2) and the quenching tank (4) and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace (1), the constant-temperature aging furnace (2) and the quenching tank (4);
2) the method comprises the following steps that a workpiece with a two-dimensional code is sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of a high-temperature heating furnace (1) through a manipulator (3), and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the high-temperature heating furnace to 500-550 ℃ and keeping the constant temperature for heating for 200 minutes to finish high-temperature heat treatment;
3) the workpieces subjected to high-temperature heat treatment are completely taken out of the high-temperature heating furnace (1) through the manipulator (3), and are sequentially placed into a quenching tank (4) for quenching for 60 seconds, the water temperature in the quenching process is kept at 80 ℃, and the quenching of the workpieces is completed;
4) all the workpieces subjected to quenching treatment are taken out of the quenching tank (4) through a manipulator (3) and are sequentially sent into a three-dimensional workpiece frame structure of the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), and one or more workpieces are placed on each layer of workpieces in each row of the three-dimensional workpiece frame structure; then raising the temperature in the constant temperature aging furnace (2) to 200 ℃, keeping the constant temperature aging for 180-190 minutes, and finishing the constant temperature aging heat treatment;
5) and (3) taking out the workpieces subjected to constant-temperature aging heat treatment from the constant-temperature aging furnace (2) through the manipulator, sequentially feeding the workpieces into a conveying belt, and sequentially cooling the workpieces through an air cooling device (5) to finish the heat treatment process of the cylinder cover workpieces.
2. An improved cylinder head heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the control input end of the manipulator 3 is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, and the work of the manipulator (3) is controlled through the external industrial personal computer PLC.
3. An improved cylinder head heat treatment method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a temperature detector in the rotary furnace detects the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, and transmits a detected temperature signal to a signal input end of an external industrial personal computer PLC, a control signal input end of an alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with a control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range according to an input signal of the temperature detector and a workpiece two-dimensional code so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and drives the alarm to alarm and drives a manipulator to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt into a waste box if the workpiece is judged to be waste; if the workpiece is judged to be good, the manipulator (3) is driven to take out the good workpiece from the upper limit of the conveyer belt and put the good workpiece into a good workpiece box; and the industrial personal computer PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace to be constant and the temperature in the quenching tank (4) to be constant according to temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank (4).
4. The utility model provides a modified cylinder cap heat treatment furnace structure which characterized in that: the device comprises two rotary furnaces, wherein a temperature detector and an alarm are arranged in each rotary furnace; the inner cavity of each rotary furnace is provided with 12-18 rows of shelf structures, each row of shelf structure is provided with 12-18 layers of workpiece shelves to form a 12-18 by 12-18 three-dimensional workpiece shelf structure, namely a large-capacity rotary heat treatment furnace structure is formed; setting one of the rotary furnaces as a high-temperature heating furnace (1), the other rotary furnace as a constant-temperature aging furnace (2), the high-temperature heating furnace (1) as a solid solution furnace, and the constant-temperature aging furnace (2) as an aging furnace; a manipulator (3) is arranged between the high-temperature heating furnace (1) and the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), a quenching tank (4) is arranged between a workpiece inlet/outlet of the high-temperature heating furnace (1) and a workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), and a temperature detector is arranged in the quenching tank (4); a conveying belt and an air cooling device (5) are arranged at the workpiece inlet/outlet of the constant temperature aging furnace (2); the mechanical arm (3) sends the workpiece into the high-temperature heating furnace (1), the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), the quenching tank (4) and the conveyer belt, and takes the workpiece out of the high-temperature heating furnace (1), the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), the quenching tank (4) and the conveyer belt.
5. The improved cylinder head heat treatment furnace structure of claim 4, wherein: the control input end of the manipulator (3) is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC, the action output end of the manipulator (3) is provided with a telescopic structure, the manipulator extends into the high-temperature heating furnace (1), the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), the quenching tank (4) and the conveying belt to place and take out workpieces, and the work of the manipulator (3) is controlled through the external industrial personal computer PLC.
6. An improved cylinder head heat treatment furnace structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the temperature detector in the rotary furnace comprises a furnace temperature detection head and a workpiece temperature detection head to detect the temperature in the furnace and the temperature of each workpiece, the temperature signal output end of each temperature detection head is externally connected with the signal input end of an industrial personal computer PLC, and the control signal input end of an alarm in the rotary furnace is connected with the control signal output end of the industrial personal computer PLC.
7. The improved cylinder head heat treatment furnace structure of claim 6, wherein: the external industrial personal computer PLC automatically records the two-dimensional code of the workpiece, a two-dimensional code scanner is arranged in the manipulator (3), and the signal output end of the two-dimensional code scanner is electrically connected with one signal input end of the external industrial personal computer PLC; the industrial personal computer PLC judges whether the temperature of the workpiece exceeds a set range according to an input signal of the temperature detector and the workpiece two-dimensional code so as to judge whether the workpiece is good or waste, and drives an alarm to alarm and a manipulator to discharge the workpiece waste from the upper limit of a conveying belt into a waste box if the workpiece is judged to be waste; if the workpiece is judged to be good, the manipulator (3) is driven to take out the good workpiece from the upper limit of the conveyer belt and put the good workpiece into a good workpiece box; and the industrial personal computer PLC controls the temperature in the rotary furnace to be constant and the temperature in the quenching tank (4) to be constant according to temperature signals of the temperature detector in the rotary furnace and the temperature detector in the quenching tank (4).
8. The improved cylinder head heat treatment furnace structure of claim 1, wherein: the air cooling device (5) comprises a high-power fan and a fan frame, the fan frame is arranged above the conveying belt at the outlet end of the constant-temperature aging furnace (2), the high-power fan is arranged on the fan frame, and an air outlet of the high-power fan faces the conveying belt; the power and the air quantity of the high-power fan are adjustable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010508222.XA CN111519014A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and heat treatment furnace structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010508222.XA CN111519014A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Improved cylinder cover heat treatment method and heat treatment furnace structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114015856A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Destressing system and method for end face sealing static ring of liquid rocket engine |
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2020
- 2020-06-05 CN CN202010508222.XA patent/CN111519014A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114015856A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Destressing system and method for end face sealing static ring of liquid rocket engine |
| CN114015856B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-06-27 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Destressing method of end face sealing static ring of liquid rocket engine |
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