CN111518563A - Copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111518563A CN111518563A CN202010380575.6A CN202010380575A CN111518563A CN 111518563 A CN111518563 A CN 111518563A CN 202010380575 A CN202010380575 A CN 202010380575A CN 111518563 A CN111518563 A CN 111518563A
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- copper slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation and use thereof, wherein the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55-80 wt% of copper slag powder, 15-30 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-15 wt% of sodium sulfate. The curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-75 wt% of copper slag powder, 20-25 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-10 wt% of sodium sulfate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and grinding copper slag, and sieving the copper slag with a 200-mesh sieve to form copper slag powder; preparing sodium tripolyphosphate with the mass components into a saturated solution, and soaking the copper slag powder for 24 hours; thirdly, the copper slag powder soaked in the sodium tripolyphosphate solution is dried and ground again, and is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve; and fourthly, mixing the re-refined copper slag powder with sodium sulfate according to a ratio to form a curing agent for repairing the polluted soil. The copper slag-based curing agent has a good repairing effect on cationic heavy metal (lead, zinc, copper and the like) polluted soil, and the repaired soil is alkalescent and has good environmental acceptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization and heavy metal contaminated soil treatment, relates to solidification/stabilization repair of heavy metal contaminated soil, and particularly relates to a copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Copper produced by pyrometallurgical copper smelting in China accounts for more than 95% of the total copper yield, 2-3 t of slag is produced on average when 1t of copper is produced, and stacking of copper slag not only occupies land and pollutes the environment, but also causes great waste of resources. Typical composition of the copper slag includes SiO2、Al2O3FeO, CaO, Cu, FeO and SiO2The total amount is more than 80%. The main mineral being magnetite (Fe)3O4) Iron olivine (Fe)2SiO4). The resource utilization of the copper slag is mainly divided into three aspects of extraction of valuable metals such as copper, iron and the like, inorganic cementing materials of the copper slag and cement of the copper slag. Although the iron content in the copper slag is higher than that of the fine iron ore, the production cost of obtaining the iron ore concentrate by oxidation or reduction is high and the process is complicated, and further improvement is needed. Meanwhile, the copper slag contains less calcium and aluminum, so that the application of the copper slag-based cementing material and the copper slag cement is limited. Reasonably developing and utilizing iron resources in the iron-rich copper slag, and having a large development space for the copper slag in the aspect of application of treating wastes with wastes.
With the rapid development of the nonferrous metallurgy industry, the pollution of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, chromium, cadmium, copper, mercury and the like seriously harms human health and ecological environment. Once the heavy metal enters the soil environment and is difficult to remove, the heavy metal is mainly treated by a solidification/stabilization technology, so that the dissolution of the heavy metal is reduced, a migration path is blocked, and the environmental risk of the heavy metal is reduced. At present, the curing agent adopted by the curing/stabilizing technology mainly comprises industrial waste materials such as portland cement, hydroxyapatite, fly ash, steel slag and the like. The application of copper slag in heavy metal contaminated soil is only reported.
A large amount of iron oxide in the copper slag and calcium oxide in the copper slag have strong adsorption and chelating effects on heavy metal ions such as lead, zinc, copper and the like, and can be used for curing/stabilizing and repairing heavy metal contaminated soil. However, the heavy metal ions adsorbed by the copper slag are unstable, which affects the long-term safety of the solidified/stabilized soil restoration. The phosphate of lead, zinc, copper and the like has a low concentration product constant and can stably exist in the environment for a long time. The sodium sulfate is added into the copper slag to enhance the coprecipitation effect of the calcium sulfate and improve the curing/stabilizing effect of the curing agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a copper slag-based heavy metal contaminated soil curing agent; further objects are to provide a process for the preparation of the curing agent; a further purpose is to provide the application of the curing agent in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil. The invention makes full use of iron oxide in the copper slag to realize waste treatment of pollution. The copper slag has the advantages of large storage amount, low price, environmental friendliness, easiness in batch production and wide market application prospect.
The technical scheme is as follows: the copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55-80 wt% of copper slag powder, 15-30 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-15 wt% of sodium sulfate.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-75 wt% of copper slag powder, 20-25 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-10 wt% of sodium sulfate.
The mass fraction of iron oxide in the copper slag powder is more than 20%.
The preparation method of the copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing copper slag in an oven for 1-2 hours, and setting the temperature of the oven to be 100-120 ℃ to obtain dried copper slag;
step 2, placing the dried copper slag in a ball mill for grinding for 30-60 min to obtain particles, and sieving the particles with a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the specific surface area is 400-600 m2Per kg of copper slag powder;
step 3, preparing sodium tripolyphosphate with set mass components into a saturated solution, and soaking the copper slag powder for 24 hours;
step 4, drying and grinding the copper slag powder soaked in the step 3 again according to the method in the step 1 and the step 2, and sieving the copper slag powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
and 5, mixing the copper slag powder obtained in the step 4 with sodium sulfate according to a ratio.
The copper slag-based curing agent for repairing the heavy metal contaminated soil is applied to repairing the heavy metal contaminated soil mainly polluted by lead, zinc and copper.
The addition amount of the curing agent relative to the heavy metal contaminated soil is 20-40 g/kg, standard curing is carried out after uniform stirring, and the water content of curing is not lower than 23%.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages and benefits:
(1) the invention makes full use of iron oxide in the copper slag to realize waste treatment of pollution. The copper slag has the advantages of large storage amount, low price, environmental friendliness, easiness in batch production and wide market application prospect.
(2) The copper slag-based curing agent generates adsorption and wrapping on heavy metals in the reaction process, so that the mobility of lead, zinc, copper and the like is effectively reduced, and the generated cementing material can also enhance the strength of a soil body. Further, compared with the method only using metal oxide and phosphate, the copper slag-based curing agent can reduce the using amount of phosphate, and avoid the defects of soil acidification, soil hardening and the like caused by large application of phosphate in soil.
The working principle of the copper slag base is as follows: the pH value of the saturated solution of sodium tripolyphosphate is 9.5-10, and the saturated solution is hydrolyzed in water to generate orthophosphate and HPO4 2-、H2PO4 -Ions. The phosphate reacts with heavy metal ions such as lead, zinc, copper and the like to generate phosphate precipitation with a lower concentration product. Meanwhile, iron ions in the fayalite are separated out under the alkaline condition. The leaching concentration of the heavy metal can be further reduced by the coprecipitation effect of the heavy metal ions, the iron ions and the calcium sulfate.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55-80 wt% of copper slag powder, 15-30 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-15 wt% of sodium sulfate.
Preferably, the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-75 wt% of copper slag powder, 20-25 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-10 wt% of sodium sulfate.
Preferably, the preparation method of the curing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the copper slag in an oven for 1-2 hours, and setting the temperature of the oven to be 100-120 ℃ to obtain dried copper slag;
(2) placing the dried copper slag in a ball mill for grinding for 30-60 min to obtain particles, sieving the particles with a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the specific surface area is 400-600 m2Per kg of copper slag powder;
(3) preparing sodium tripolyphosphate with the mass components into a saturated solution, and soaking the copper slag powder for 24 hours;
(4) drying and grinding the copper slag powder obtained in the step (3) again according to the steps (1) and (2), and sieving the copper slag powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
(5) and (4) mixing the copper slag powder obtained in the step (4) with sodium sulfate according to a ratio.
Preferably, the mass fraction of iron oxide in the copper slag is more than 20%.
Preferably, the sodium tripolyphosphate is in industrial grade, and the purity is more than or equal to 96.0 wt%.
Preferably, the purity of the sodium sulfate is more than or equal to 99 wt%.
Preferably, the sodium sulfate is sieved through a 200 mesh sieve.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the curing agent in the curing/stabilizing remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil: the addition amount of the curing agent relative to the contaminated soil is 20-40 g/kg, standard curing is carried out after uniform stirring, and the water content in curing is not lower than 23%.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the descriptions.
The copper dross used in the following examples and comparative examples was obtained from a copper industry company and contained the main components in the amounts shown in Table 1. The content of iron oxide in the copper slag is more than 20 percent.
TABLE 1 copper slag Components Table
The copper slag powder is prepared by the following pretreatment: placing the copper slag in an oven, setting the temperature of the oven to be 120 ℃, and drying for 1 h; then grinding in a ball mill for 30min to obtain particles, sieving with a 200 mesh sieve, and obtaining a powder with a specific surface area of 502m2/kg of copper slag powder.
Example 1
The heavy metal contaminated soil used in example 1 was obtained from contaminated soil around a certain smelting plant, and the contents of main elements in the soil are shown in table 2.
Table 2 example 1 main elements of soil sample
The copper slag-based curing agent is suitable for repairing heavy metal combined contaminated soil and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% of copper slag powder, 30% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 15% of sodium sulfate.
The purity of the sodium tripolyphosphate is 96 wt%, the purity of the sodium sulfate is 99 wt%, and the sodium sulfate is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve.
The preparation method of the copper slag-based curing agent comprises the following steps: preparing the sodium tripolyphosphate into a saturated solution, and soaking the copper slag powder for 24 hours; the copper slag powder soaked in the sodium tripolyphosphate solution is dried and ground again, and is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve; and mixing the re-refined copper slag powder and sodium sulfate according to the proportion.
The use method of the curing agent suitable for repairing heavy metal combined contaminated soil comprises the following steps: the addition amount of the curing agent relative to the heavy metal contaminated soil is 20g/kg, standard curing is carried out after uniform stirring, and the water content of curing is 25%.
Comparative example 1
Only the contaminated soil of example 1 was taken and no curing agent was added.
Example 2
The same as the example 1, except that the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of copper slag powder, 15% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 15% of sodium sulfate.
Except that the contents of main elements in the heavy metal contaminated soil sample used in example 2 are shown in table 3.
Table 3 example 2 soil sample main elements
The difference is that the addition amount of the curing agent relative to the heavy metal contaminated soil is 40g/kg, and standard maintenance is carried out after uniform stirring. The water content of the cured product is 28 percent.
Comparative example 2
Only the contaminated soil of example 2 was taken and no curing agent was added.
Example 3
The same as the example 1, except that the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of copper slag powder, 25% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5% of sodium sulfate.
Except that the contents of main elements in the heavy metal contaminated soil sample used in example 3 are shown in table 4.
Table 4 example 3 soil sample main elements
The difference is that the addition amount of the curing agent relative to the polluted soil is 35g/kg, standard curing is carried out after uniform stirring, and the water content of curing is 30%.
Comparative example 3
Only the heavy metal contaminated soil of example 3 was taken and no curing agent was added.
The soil samples implemented in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tightly wrapped and sealed with a self-sealing bag, and then cured at 20 ± 2 ℃ and a humidity of more than 95% for 28 days, and then toxicity leaching tests were performed on contaminated soil and cured/stabilized contaminated soil. Soil samples were taken for pH and compressive strength testing.
Test standards: toxicity leaching test Standard environmental protection industry Standard of the people's republic of China sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity from solid wastes (HJ/T299-2007). pH value measurement and unconfined compressive strength measurement standards national standard of the people's republic of China, geotechnical test method Standard (GB/T50123-1999).
The test process comprises the following steps: and weighing 50g of the cured polluted soil and 50g of the cured/stabilized polluted soil, drying at 105 ℃, and determining the water content of the soil sample. Measured according to the sulfuric acid-nitric acid method (HJ/T299-2007) of Leaching toxicity Leaching method of solid wasteLeaching toxicity of contaminated soil, solidification/stabilization of contaminated soil. A sample of air-dried soil 10g is added with 50mL of distilled water to determine the pH value, and the experimental process is carried out according to the pH value test method (namely GB/T50123-1999). Unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted for examples 1-3 using
Cylindrical test molds were tested with axial strain rate of 1mm/min and tested according to geotechnical test method Standard (GB/T50123-1999) with the results shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 toxic leaching test results (mg/L) of contaminated soil and solidified contaminated soil
As can be seen from Table 5: the leaching test result shows that the leaching toxicity of heavy metal ions including lead, copper and zinc can be remarkably reduced by the aid of the heavy metal contaminated soil added with the copper slag-based curing agent, the pH value of the cured soil is alkalescent, the environmental acceptability is good, and the unconfined compressive strength of the soil can be improved to a certain extent as the addition amount of the curing agent is increased.
Claims (6)
1. A copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil is characterized in that: the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55-80 wt% of copper slag powder, 15-30 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-15 wt% of sodium sulfate.
2. The copper slag-based curing agent for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the curing agent comprises the following components by mass percent: 70-75 wt% of copper slag powder, 20-25 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-10 wt% of sodium sulfate.
3. The copper slag-based curing agent for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass fraction of iron oxide in the copper slag powder is greater than 20%.
4. The preparation method of the copper slag-based curing agent for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the curing agent comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing copper slag in an oven for 1-2 hours, and setting the temperature of the oven to be 100-120 ℃ to obtain dried copper slag;
step 2, placing the dried copper slag in a ball mill for grinding for 30-60 min to obtain particles, and sieving the particles with a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the specific surface area is 400-600 m2Per kg of copper slag powder;
step 3, preparing sodium tripolyphosphate with set mass components into a saturated solution, and soaking the copper slag powder for 24 hours;
step 4, drying and grinding the copper slag powder soaked in the step 3 again according to the method in the step 1 and the step 2, and sieving the copper slag powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
and 5, mixing the copper slag powder obtained in the step 4 with sodium sulfate according to a ratio.
5. The application of the copper slag-based curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 1 in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil mainly contaminated by lead, zinc and copper.
6. The application of the curing agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the addition amount of the curing agent to the heavy metal contaminated soil is 20-40 g/kg, standard curing is performed after uniform stirring, and the moisture content in curing is not lower than 23%.
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