CN111518300A - Preparation process of carbon fiber prepreg - Google Patents

Preparation process of carbon fiber prepreg Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111518300A
CN111518300A CN202010411648.3A CN202010411648A CN111518300A CN 111518300 A CN111518300 A CN 111518300A CN 202010411648 A CN202010411648 A CN 202010411648A CN 111518300 A CN111518300 A CN 111518300A
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carbon fiber
conductive powder
resin
fiber prepreg
preparing
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CN202010411648.3A
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CN111518300B (en
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吴海宏
郭正民
杨向涛
蒋爱云
黄明
周应国
张洛明
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Zhengzhou Fanxian New Material Technology Co ltd
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Zhengzhou Fanxian New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2361/04Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C08J2361/06Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2363/00Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2363/00Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C08J2363/10Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/06Unsaturated polyesters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2379/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
    • C08J2379/04Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C08J2379/08Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06Elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/02Ingredients treated with inorganic substances

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg, which comprises the following steps: (1) spreading the precursor carbon fiber to a certain width by using spreading equipment; (2) adsorbing conductive powder on the spread carbon fiber dry belt by an electrostatic spraying method; (3) and compounding the carbon fiber attached with the conductive powder with resin to form the carbon fiber prepreg. The prepreg prepared by the process has the characteristics of high strength, small density, good plasticity, good formability, long service life and the like, and meanwhile, the conductive powder is adhered to the surface, so that the Z-axis conductivity is enhanced, and the conductivity of the carbon fiber prepreg is integrally improved.

Description

Preparation process of carbon fiber prepreg
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg.
Background
The carbon fiber is a microcrystalline graphite material obtained by carbonizing and graphitizing organic fiber. The carbon fiber is a new material with excellent mechanical property, the specific gravity of the carbon fiber is less than 1/4 of steel, and the tensile strength of the carbon fiber resin composite material is generally more than 3500Mpa, which is 7-9 times of that of steel. Meanwhile, the conductive coating has excellent conductivity, chemical inertness, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, is widely applied to the fields of civil use, military use, construction, chemical industry and aerospace, and the demand is increased year by year.
The carbon fiber prepreg is a semi-finished product prepared by compounding carbon fibers or fabrics and a resin matrix, and is a main intermediate material for manufacturing a composite material structural member. At present, the application development of the carbon fiber prepreg is fast, most of the carbon fiber prepreg is produced by professional chemical plants, and a large number of sizing products are provided for users to select, so that the market and the application field can be further widened by improving the overall performance of the carbon fiber prepreg.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg, the prepreg prepared by the process has the characteristics of high strength, small density, good plasticity, good formability, long service life and the like, and meanwhile, conductive powder is attached to the surface of the prepreg, so that the Z-axis conductivity is enhanced, and the conductivity of the carbon fiber prepreg is integrally improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg comprises the following steps:
(1) spreading the precursor carbon fiber to a certain width by using spreading equipment;
(2) adsorbing conductive powder on the spread carbon fiber dry belt by an electrostatic spraying method;
(3) and compounding the carbon fiber attached with the conductive powder with resin to form the carbon fiber prepreg.
Further, the precursor carbon fiber is one carbon fiber or a plurality of carbon fibers arranged regularly or irregularly. The model number is 6k or 12 k.
Further, the precursor carbon fiber is PAN-based carbon fiber or pitch-based carbon fiber, and PAN-based carbon fiber is preferable.
Further, in the step (1), the width of the spread of the precursor carbon fiber is 15 mm-100 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the electrostatic spraying method is that a fan is used for enabling conductive powder to pass through an electrostatic generator concentration area, and then the powder is charged and mutually exclusive dispersed, so that the powder is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber.
Further, in the step (2), the conductive powder is one of gold, silver, copper, tin, nickel, titanium and carbon.
Further, in the step (2), the average diameter of the conductive powder is 1-150 μm.
Further, in the step (3), the compounding process of the carbon fiber attached with the conductive powder and the resin is dry compounding or wet compounding, preferably wet compounding, specifically: the carbon fiber bundle with the conductive powder attached is dipped into the resin solution at a certain speed, and then dried and cured.
Further, in the step (3), the resin is a thermosetting resin, and the solvent of the resin solution is one of benzene, alcohol and ketone.
Further, in the step (3), the resin in the resin solution accounts for 30-60% of the total mass of the resin solution.
Further, in the step (3), the speed of the carbon fiber bundle attached with the conductive powder passing through the resin solution is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
Further, in the step (3), the gram weight of the conductive powder is 1-3 g/cm2
The carbon fiber prepreg prepared by the preparation process has good electrical conductivity and resistivity as low as 0.8x10-3Omega cm, can be used for preparing high-performance electromagnetic shielding, wave-absorbing stealth and lightning protection functional prepreg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the preparation process, conductive powder is attached to the surface of the carbon fiber through an external electromagnetic field and is arranged on the Z axis, so that the conductivity of the carbon fiber prepreg can be enhanced; and simultaneously, the area quality and the thickness of the carbon fiber prepreg are increased.
2. The carbon fiber prepreg prepared by the process has the characteristics of high strength, small density, good corrosion resistance, flexibility and plasticity, good processing consistency and long service life, and meanwhile, the conductive powder is adhered to the surface, so that the Z-axis conductivity is enhanced, and the conductivity of the carbon fiber prepreg is integrally improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-precursor carbon fiber; 2-a broadening device; 3, a fan; 4-conductive powder; 5-electrostatic generator concentration zone; 6-resin solution; 7-baking oven; 8-release paper; 9-prepreg.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg, which is shown in figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps: carry out the broadening with precursor carbon fiber 1 through the different rollers of various rotational speeds in the broadening equipment 2, blow in electrostatic generator concentration district 5 with conductive powder 4 through fan 3 again, make the electrified mutual exclusion dispersion of powder, can adsorb on the carbon fiber surface for a long time, with carbon fiber bundle according to certain speed impregnating resin solution 6, the fibre gets into oven 7 and dries, then surface laminating from type paper 8 about the carbon fiber, forms prepreg 9 rolling at last.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The process adopts T700 PAN-based high-strength carbon fiber, the fiber is expanded to 60mm, the resin adopts epoxy resin, the solvent adopts acetone, the resin accounts for 40 percent in the resin solution, the forward traction speed of the fiber is 0.3m/s, the conductive powder adopts carbon fiber powder, and the gram weight is 1.5g/cm2The electrical resistivity of the prepreg prepared by the process is 1.0x10-3Ω·cm~1.1x10-3Omega cm, and the material can be made into a small energy storage element with a specific structure through a die pressing process.
Example 2
The process adopts T800 PAN-based high-strength carbon fiber with the width of 80mm, the resin adopts polyimide resin, the solvent adopts methyl pyrrolidone, the resin accounts for 40 percent in the resin solution, the forward traction speed of the fiber is 0.4m/s, the conductive powder adopts carbon fiber powder, and the gram weight is 1g/cm2The electrical resistivity of the prepreg prepared by the process is 1.1x10-3Ω·cm~1.3x10-3Omega cm, the conductive paper can play the role of electromagnetic shielding when the conductive paper is made by laminating the conductive paper with common paper.
Example 3
The process adopts M40J PAN-based high-strength high-modulus carbon fiber, the width is 60mm, the resin adopts epoxy resin, the solvent adopts acetone, the resin accounts for 40% of the resin solution, the forward traction speed of the fiber is 0.3M/s, the conductive powder adopts carbon fiber powder, and the gram weight is 1.5g/cm2The electrical resistivity of the prepreg prepared by the process is 0.8x10-3Ω·cm~1.0x10-3Omega cm, can make it into small-size unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage through the mould pressing technology to reach the effect of absorbing the ripples stealthy.
Example 4
The process adopts M60J PAN-based high-strength high-modulus carbon fiber, the width of the carbon fiber is 80mm, the resin adopts polyimide resin, the solvent adopts methyl pyrrolidone, the resin accounts for 40% of the resin solution, the forward traction speed of the fiber is 0.4M/s, the conductive powder adopts carbon fiber powder, and the gram weight of the conductive powder is 1g/cm2The electrical resistivity of the prepreg prepared by the process is 1.1x10-3Ω·cm~1.2x10-3Omega cm, it is made into ship structure to obtain low radar signal and magnetic field signal and electromagnetic wave absorbing effect.
Example 5
Unlike examples 1-4, T300, T1000, M55J PAN-based carbon fibers, other pitch-based carbon fibers, and the like may also be used in the process.
Example 6
Unlike examples 1-4, thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyesters, vinyl esters, phenolics, bismaleimides, and the like may also be used in the present process.
Example 7
Different from examples 1-4, the resin solution solvent in the process can also adopt alcohols and benzenes.
Example 8
Different from the embodiments 1 to 4, the conductive particles in the present process can also be gold, silver, copper, tin, nickel, titanium, and other metal particles.
Example 9
Unlike examples 1-4, the fiber width, resin content in the resin solution, grammage of the conductive powder, and fiber draw speed of the present process can be modified within the scope of the appended claims.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation process of a carbon fiber prepreg is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) spreading the precursor carbon fiber to a certain width by using spreading equipment;
(2) adsorbing conductive powder on the spread carbon fiber dry belt by an electrostatic spraying method;
(3) and compounding the carbon fiber attached with the conductive powder with resin to form the carbon fiber prepreg.
2. The process for producing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein the precursor carbon fiber is one carbon fiber or a plurality of carbon fibers arranged regularly or irregularly.
3. The process for preparing the carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the spread width of the precursor carbon fiber is 15mm to 100 mm.
4. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the conductive powder is one of gold, silver, copper, tin, nickel, titanium and carbon.
5. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the conductive powder has an average diameter of 1 to 150 μm.
6. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the process of compounding the carbon fiber with the conductive powder and the resin is dry compounding or wet compounding, preferably wet compounding, and specifically comprises the following steps: the carbon fiber bundle with the conductive powder attached is dipped into the resin solution at a certain speed, and then dried and cured.
7. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the resin is a thermosetting resin, and the solvent of the resin solution is one of benzene, alcohol and ketone.
8. The process for preparing the carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the resin in the resin solution accounts for 30-60% of the total mass of the resin solution.
9. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the speed of the carbon fiber bundle to which the conductive powder is attached passing through the resin solution is 0.1 to 0.5 m/s.
10. The process for preparing a carbon fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the gram weight of the conductive powder is 1-3 g/cm2
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102838766A (en) * 2006-08-07 2012-12-26 东丽株式会社 Prepreg and carbon fiber-reinforced composite material
US20130344305A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2013-12-26 Toray Industries, Inc. Prepreg, method of manufacturing prepreg, and carbon fiber-reinforced composite material
CN103554530A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-02-05 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Electric conductive continuous fiber-reinforced fabric or prepreg and electric conductive treatment method
CN103724813A (en) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-16 辽宁辽杰科技有限公司 Continuous-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic flame-retardant antistatic composite material and preparation method thereof
CN106317772A (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-11 深圳光启高等理工研究院 Antistatic composite material and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102838766A (en) * 2006-08-07 2012-12-26 东丽株式会社 Prepreg and carbon fiber-reinforced composite material
US20130344305A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2013-12-26 Toray Industries, Inc. Prepreg, method of manufacturing prepreg, and carbon fiber-reinforced composite material
CN103724813A (en) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-16 辽宁辽杰科技有限公司 Continuous-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic flame-retardant antistatic composite material and preparation method thereof
CN103554530A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-02-05 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Electric conductive continuous fiber-reinforced fabric or prepreg and electric conductive treatment method
CN106317772A (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-11 深圳光启高等理工研究院 Antistatic composite material and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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李世超等: "超薄预浸料对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料导电性能的影响", 《复合材料学报》 *

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