Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for purifying hexachloroacetone, which is characterized in that pentachloroacetone impurities in a hexachloroacetone crude product are removed according to different adsorption selectivity of an adsorbent to pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain hexachloroacetone with the pentachloroacetone content of less than 0.2wt%.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for purifying hexachloroacetone, said method comprising the steps of:
and (3) enabling the hexachloroacetone crude product with the temperature of 0-40 ℃ to pass through an adsorption column with the temperature same as that of the hexachloroacetone crude product at the flow rate of 5-40 mm/min, and removing most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product according to different adsorption selectivity of the adsorbent to the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone to obtain the hexachloroacetone with the pentachloroacetone content not more than 0.2wt%.
The adsorbent filled in the adsorption column is a molecular sieve, activated alumina or modified silica gel, and the modified silica gel is silica gel loaded with 5-10 wt% of magnesium sulfate.
The temperature of the hexachloroacetone crude product is preferably 10-20 ℃.
The hexachloroacetone crude product is hexachloroacetone containing pentachloroacetone, and the content of the pentachloroacetone is not more than 3.0wt%, preferably 0.5wt% -1.5 wt%.
The flow rate of the crude hexachloroacetone through the adsorption column is preferably 10 mm/min-15 mm/min.
The adsorbent is preferably spherical particles, and the diameter of the adsorbent is preferably 3 mm-5 mm.
The adsorbent is preferably modified silica gel, the modified silica gel is prepared by an isovolumetric impregnation method, and the silica gel is dried at 100-150 ℃ for not less than 5h after being loaded with magnesium sulfate.
Before use, the adsorbent is dried at 100-200 ℃ for not less than 5h, preferably at 150-200 ℃.
Has the advantages that:
the method removes the pentachloroacetone impurity in the crude product of the hexachloroacetone by utilizing the different adsorption selectivity of the adsorbent to the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone, has simple operation, low operation temperature, long service life of the adsorbent and easy amplification, can ensure that the content of the pentachloroacetone impurity is not more than 0.2wt percent, and the hexachloroacetone with the pentachloroacetone removed can be used as a raw material for preparing the deuterated chloroform.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description, wherein the processes are conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available from a public source without further specification.
Example 1
(1) Drying a spherical 5A molecular sieve with the diameter of 3mm at 200 ℃ for 10 hours, and filling the dried molecular sieve into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the void ratio of the 5A molecular sieve is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 0 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 0.5 wt%) at 0 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 5.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 5mm/min, and removing most pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product according to different adsorption selectivity of a 5A molecular sieve to the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone to obtain the high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.13wt%.
Example 2
(1) Drying spherical beta activated alumina with the diameter of 3mm at 200 ℃ for 10h, and filling the dried spherical beta activated alumina into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the beta activated alumina is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 0 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 0.5 wt%) with the temperature of 0 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 5.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 5mm/min, and most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product is removed according to different adsorption selectivity of beta activated alumina on the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone to obtain the high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.18wt%.
Example 3
(1) Drying spherical modified silica gel (prepared by an isometric immersion method, the magnesium sulfate loading is 5wt%, and the drying temperature and time are 150 ℃ and 10 hours) with the diameter of 3mm at 200 ℃ for 10 hours, and filling the dried spherical modified silica gel into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the modified silica gel is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 0 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 0.5 wt%) at 0 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 5.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 5mm/min, and removing most pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product according to different adsorption selectivity of modified silica gel to pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.08wt%.
Example 4
(1) Drying a spherical 5A molecular sieve with the diameter of 5mm at 100 ℃ for 10h, and filling the dried spherical 5A molecular sieve into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the void ratio of the 5A molecular sieve is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 40 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 3.0 wt%) with the temperature of 40 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 44mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 40mm/min, and most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product is removed according to the different adsorption selectivity of a 5A molecular sieve to the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone, so that the high-purity hexachloroacetone is obtained.
As can be seen from gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.16wt%.
Example 5
(1) Drying spherical beta activated alumina with the diameter of 5mm at 100 ℃ for 10h, and filling the dried spherical beta activated alumina into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the beta activated alumina is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 40 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 3.0 wt%) with the temperature of 40 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 44mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 40mm/min, and removing most pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product according to different adsorption selectivity of beta activated alumina on pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.20wt%.
Example 6
(1) Drying spherical modified silica gel (prepared by an isometric immersion method, the magnesium sulfate loading capacity is 5wt%, and the drying temperature and time are 150 ℃ and 10 hours) with the diameter of 5mm at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, and filling the spherical modified silica gel into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the modified silica gel is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 40 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 3.0 wt%) with the temperature of 40 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 44mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 40mm/min, and most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product is removed according to different adsorption selectivity of modified silica gel on pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.11wt%.
Example 7
(1) Drying a spherical 5A molecular sieve with the diameter of 3mm at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and filling the dried molecular sieve into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the void ratio of the 5A molecular sieve is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 15 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 1.0 wt%) with the temperature of 15 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 16.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 15mm/min, and removing most pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product according to different adsorption selectivity of 5A molecular sieves on pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.10wt%.
After the adsorption column in this example was used for 150 hours, the pentachloroacetone content in hexachloroacetone after passing through the adsorption column increased to 0.2wt%.
Example 8
(1) Drying spherical beta activated alumina with the diameter of 3mm at 150 ℃ for 10h, and filling the dried spherical beta activated alumina into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the beta activated alumina is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 15 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 1.0 wt%) with the temperature of 15 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 16.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 15mm/min, and most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product is removed according to different adsorption selectivity of beta activated alumina on the pentachloroacetone and the hexachloroacetone to obtain the high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from the gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.14wt%.
After the adsorption column in this example was used for 112 hours, the pentachloroacetone content in hexachloroacetone after passing through the adsorption column increased to 0.2wt%.
Example 9
(1) Drying spherical modified silica gel (prepared by an isometric immersion method, the magnesium sulfate loading is 5wt%, and the drying temperature and time are 150 ℃ and 10 hours) with the diameter of 3mm at 150 ℃ for 10 hours, and filling the dried spherical modified silica gel into an adsorption column with the inner diameter of 60mm and the volume of 1L, wherein the porosity of the modified silica gel is 40%;
(2) Keeping the temperature of the adsorption column at 15 ℃, pumping the hexachloroacetone crude product (the content of pentachloroacetone impurities is 1.0 wt%) with the temperature of 15 ℃ into the adsorption column from bottom to top at the flow rate of 16.5mL/min by using a plunger pump, wherein the flow rate of the hexachloroacetone crude product passing through the adsorption column is 15mm/min, and most of pentachloroacetone in the hexachloroacetone crude product is removed according to different adsorption selectivity of modified silica gel on pentachloroacetone and hexachloroacetone to obtain high-purity hexachloroacetone.
As can be seen from gas chromatography analysis, the content of pentachloroacetone in the high-purity hexachloroacetone is 0.06wt%.
After the adsorption column in this example was used for 641h, the pentachloroacetone content in hexachloroacetone after passing through the adsorption column increased to 0.2wt%.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.