CN111517303A - Pure-color fluorescent carbon dot, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pure-color fluorescent carbon dot, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano luminescent materials, and particularly relates to a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out solvothermal reaction on citric acid and urea serving as precursors and N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent at 140-160 ℃, wherein the reaction time is 12 hours, so as to obtain a carbon dot solution, carrying out column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying on the carbon dot solution, so as to obtain pure-color fluorescent carbon dot powder, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are blue fluorescent carbon dots or green fluorescent carbon dots. The preparation method can uniformly disperse the carbon dot material in the organic solvent, avoid fluorescence quenching of the carbon dot material caused by aggregation induction effect, and improve the quantum yield of the carbon dot material, so that the carbon dot material has excellent optical and electronic properties; the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, high speed, short time consumption, high efficiency, no loss and good separation effect, and the obtained purified carbon dot material has strong fluorescence intensity with the fluorescence emission range of 400-550 nm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano luminescent materials, and particularly relates to a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of material science, the carbon nano material plays more and more remarkable action and effect. The carbon quantum dots have the characteristics of small particle size, small cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, easy surface functionalization, excellent electronic characteristics, adjustable and controllable light-emitting characteristics and the like, are concerned by researchers, and are widely applied to the fields of environment, detection and analysis, chemical sensing, biomedical detection, imaging and the like. At present, the research on carbon dot materials mainly focuses on the aspects of sensors, photoelectrocatalysis, biological imaging and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of pure-color fluorescent carbon dots, which is simple and has high quantum yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out solvothermal reaction on citric acid and urea serving as precursors and N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent at 140-160 ℃, wherein the reaction time is 12 hours, so as to obtain a carbon dot solution, carrying out column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying on the carbon dot solution, so as to obtain pure-color fluorescent carbon dot powder, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are blue fluorescent carbon dots or green fluorescent carbon dots.
Wherein the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is 0.05-1.0: 1, and the molar volume ratio of the urea to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.1 mol, which corresponds to 100-150 ml of the N, N-dimethylformamide.
In one embodiment, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is 0.05-0.3: 1, the reaction temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours, so that the blue fluorescent carbon dots are obtained. Preferably, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is 0.05-0.3: 1, the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, the reaction time is 12 hours, and blue fluorescent carbon dots are obtained and are strong fluorescent carbon dots.
As another scheme, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 1.0, the reaction temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours, so that the green fluorescent carbon dots are obtained. Preferably, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 1.0, the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, the reaction time is 12 hours, and the obtained green fluorescent carbon dots are strong fluorescent carbon dots.
Wherein, the step of obtaining the pure-color fluorescent carbon dot powder by adopting column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying on the carbon dot solution comprises the following steps:
adding silica gel into the carbon point solution, and performing rotary evaporation to dryness to obtain dry carbon point silica gel powder, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon point solution is 1: 25-1: 16;
adding the carbon point silica gel powder into a chromatographic column, adding a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol as an eluent, and separating unreacted substances and carbon points with different reaction degrees; collecting the separated products of different batches, and obtaining a purified carbon dot elution solution through thin-layer chromatography screening;
the purified carbon dot elution solution was rotary evaporated to dryness to give a dry fluorescent carbon dot powder.
Wherein the stationary phase of the chromatographic column is 200-300 mesh silica gel; the volume ratio of the mixed liquid of dichloromethane and methanol in the eluent is 1: 2-2: 1.
More preferably, the stationary phase of the chromatographic column is 26-mesh silica gel.
More preferably, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dichloromethane and methanol in the eluent is 1: 2.
Wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon dot solution is 1: 20.
The invention also comprises a second technical scheme, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are prepared by the preparation method, and the particle size of the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots is 1-10 nm.
Wherein the pure color fluorescent carbon dots have a single crystal lattice, the lattice spacing of the <001> crystal plane corresponding to the graphite is 0.34nm, and the fluorescence emission range of the pure color fluorescent carbon dots is 400-550 nm.
The invention also comprises a third technical scheme, namely a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot applied to the fluorescence diagnosis of cancer cells, which comprises the pure-color fluorescent carbon dot.
Has the advantages that:
according to the preparation method of the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots, N-dimethylformamide is used as an organic solvent to synthesize the pure-color carbon dots, so that the carbon dot material can be uniformly dispersed in the organic solvent, the fluorescence quenching of the carbon dot material caused by aggregation induction effect is avoided, the quantum yield of the carbon dot material can be improved, and the carbon dot material has excellent optical and electronic characteristics; the method for separating and purifying the carbon dot material by the column chromatography method has the advantages of simple process, high speed, short time consumption, high efficiency, no loss and good separation effect, the obtained purified carbon dot material has very strong fluorescence intensity, the fluorescence emission range is 400-550nm, the fluorescence quenching in the purification process of the dialysis method is avoided, the quantum yield of the carbon dot material is improved, and the premise is provided for the application of the carbon dot material in the fields of environmental monitoring, biosensing, biological imaging and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a blue fluorescent carbon dot obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an absorption spectrum of a blue fluorescent carbon dot obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a spectrum of light emission from blue fluorescent carbon dots obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of green fluorescent carbon dots obtained in example 2;
FIG. 5 is an absorption spectrum of a green fluorescent carbon dot obtained in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an emission spectrum of a green fluorescent carbon dot obtained in example 2.
Detailed Description
The carbon dot material is synthesized by a variety of methods, mainly including hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted method, ultrasonic method, and the like. The hydrothermal method has the advantages of simple preparation process and simple operation method, and can be used for preparing the carbon nano-material with small particle size and good solution dispersibility. However, the fluorescent carbon dots prepared by the hydrothermal method have the defects of non-uniform particle size, large distribution width and the like, and a separation and purification step is required. The process needs to be exposed in air or dissolved oxygen, and fluorescence quenching can occur when the process is oxidized, so that the quantum yield of the carbon dot material is greatly reduced, even the original optical and electronic characteristics are lost, and the application of the carbon dot material is not facilitated.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out solvothermal reaction on citric acid and urea serving as precursors and N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent at 140-160 ℃, wherein the reaction time is 12 hours, so as to obtain a carbon dot solution, carrying out column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying on the carbon dot solution, so as to obtain pure-color fluorescent carbon dot powder, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are blue fluorescent carbon dots or green fluorescent carbon dots.
In the embodiment of the invention, citric acid is used as a carbon source, urea is used as a nitrogen doping reagent, carbon dots prepared by a solvothermal method can be better dissolved in an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, the carbon dot solution purified by a dialysis method can be avoided, the carbon dots are prevented from being exposed in air or dissolved oxygen in the purification process by the dialysis method, the fluorescence quenching caused by oxidation can be avoided, the phenomenon that the quantum yield of the carbon dot material is greatly reduced and even the original optical and electronic characteristics are lost can be avoided, and the pure-color fluorescence carbon dot powder is obtained by adopting column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying, so that the quantum yield of the carbon dot material can be improved, and the carbon dot material has strong fluorescence performance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the nitrogen doping is carried out by taking urea as a nitrogen source, and the nitrogen doping is heteroatom doping. Heteroatom doping is similar to surface functionalization, nitrogen and carbon are similar in electronic structure, atomic radii are similar, optical and electronic properties of carbon dots can be improved by adjusting a carbon skeleton, and quantum yield and fluorescence properties are improved. The electrons of the nitrogen-containing functional group are more likely to transition from the ground state to the lowest excited singlet state, so that the nitrogen atom as an electron donor can provide unpaired electrons to improve the fluorescence emission properties of the carbon dot.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the blue or green fluorescent carbon dots with uniform size can be obtained by reasonably controlling the reaction temperature and the reaction time.
In the embodiment of the invention, the molar ratio of citric acid to urea is 0.05-1.0: 1, and the molar volume ratio of urea to N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.1 mol, which corresponds to 100-150 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide. By controlling the ratio of citric acid to urea and the ratio of citric acid to solvent, the prepared blue or green carbon dot material has excellent quantum yield.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of citric acid to urea is 0.05 to 0.3: 1, the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, the reaction time is 12 hours, and blue fluorescent carbon dots are obtained and are strong fluorescent carbon dots. By reasonably controlling the proportion of the reaction precursor, the reaction temperature and the reaction time, the blue fluorescent carbon dots can be obtained.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 1.0, the reaction temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours, so that the green fluorescent carbon dots are obtained.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 1.0, the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, the reaction time is 12 hours, and the green fluorescent carbon dots are obtained as the strong fluorescent carbon dots. The green strong fluorescent carbon dots can be obtained by reasonably controlling the proportion of the reaction precursor, the reaction temperature and the reaction time.
In the above embodiment, by controlling the reaction precursor ratio, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time, the carbon dot material contained in the prepared carbon dot solution is a fluorescent carbon dot. And the fluorescent carbon dots with a certain color intensity can be prepared by proper conditions.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, obtaining pure color fluorescent carbon dot powder from the carbon dot solution by column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying includes:
adding silica gel into the carbon point solution, and performing rotary evaporation to dryness to obtain dry carbon point silica gel powder, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon point solution is 1: 25-1: 16;
adding carbon point silica gel powder into a chromatographic column, adding a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol as an eluent, and separating unreacted substances and carbon points with different reaction degrees; collecting the separated products of different batches, and obtaining a purified carbon dot elution solution through thin-layer chromatography screening;
the purified carbon dot elution solution was rotary evaporated to dryness to give a dry fluorescent carbon dot powder.
Wherein the stationary phase of the chromatographic column is 200-300 mesh silica gel; the volume ratio of the mixed liquid of dichloromethane and methanol in the eluent is 1: 2-2: 1.
More preferably, the stationary phase of the chromatographic column is 260 mesh silica gel.
More preferably, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dichloromethane and methanol in the eluent is 1: 2.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon dot solution is 1:20, and under the above conditions, the product separation effect can be better.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pure-color carbon dot material can be better separated by controlling the proportion of the carbon dot solution to the silica gel in column chromatography, the mesh number of the silica gel in the stationary phase and the proportion of the eluent.
The invention also comprises a second technical scheme, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are prepared by the preparation method, and the particle size of the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots is 1-10 nm. The fluorescent carbon dots prepared by the preparation method have uniform particle size and narrow distribution range, and are beneficial to application of the fluorescent carbon dots.
Wherein, the pure color fluorescent carbon dots have single crystal lattices, the lattice spacing of the <001> crystal plane corresponding to the graphite is 0.34nm, and the fluorescence emission range of the pure color fluorescent carbon dots is 400-550 nm.
The invention also comprises a third technical scheme, namely a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot applied to the fluorescence diagnosis of cancer cells, which comprises the pure-color fluorescent carbon dot. The change of the cancer cells can be tracked by the marker, and the marker can be combined with a tumor marker (such as folic acid, hyaluronic acid and the like) to enable the tumor cells and normal cells to show different luminescent states so as to track the change of the cancer cells by the marker.
In order to better explain the present invention, the following description is given with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 0.192g of citric acid and 0.6g of urea, placing the citric acid and the urea in a 25mL reaction kettle, adding 10mLN, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), placing the mixture in an oven, heating to 140 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a blue fluorescent carbon dot solution.
(2) And (3) placing the blue fluorescent carbon dot solution obtained in the step (1) in a centrifugal tube, setting the rotating speed to be 10000rpm, centrifuging for 10min, and taking supernatant, namely the blue fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution.
(3) And (3) taking 25ml of the blue fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2), placing the solution in a single-neck flask, adding 1.0g of silica gel, uniformly stirring, and performing rotary evaporation at 80 ℃ to obtain dry carbon dot silica gel powder with blue fluorescence.
(4) And (3) adding the blue fluorescent carbon dot silica gel powder obtained in the step (3) into a chromatographic column taking silica gel as a stationary phase, eluting the stationary phase of the chromatographic column by using a mixed solvent with the volume ratio of dichloromethane to methanol being 1:2, sequentially collecting the separated products of different batches, and retaining the carbon dot separated product with blue fluorescence under an ultraviolet lamp.
(5) And (3) comparing the carbon dot separation product with blue fluorescence obtained in the step (4) with the blue fluorescence carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2) through thin layer chromatography, and screening to obtain a purified blue fluorescence carbon dot separation product.
(6) The separated product containing purified blue fluorescent carbon spots obtained in step 5 was collected in a single-necked flask, and evaporated to dryness by rotary evaporation at 50 ℃ to obtain purified carbon spot powder having blue fluorescence.
(7) And (4) dispersing the purified blue fluorescent carbon dot powder obtained in the step (6) in deionized water to obtain a carbon dot solution with blue fluorescence.
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of blue fluorescent carbon dots obtained in the example of the present invention, from which it can be seen that the blue fluorescent carbon dots are uniformly dispersed. A high resolution transmission electron micrograph shows that there is a crystal lattice, 0.34nm, corresponding to the <001> crystal plane of graphite. The grain size of the carbon dots is 1.45nm-2.74nm, and the grain size distribution is uniform.
FIG. 2 is an absorption spectrum of a blue fluorescent carbon dot according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the absorption peak of the blue fluorescent carbon dot is located at 350 nm.
FIG. 3 is a spectrum of an emission spectrum of a blue fluorescent carbon dot according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the excitation wavelength of the blue fluorescent carbon dot is 360nm, and the optimal emission wavelength is 440 nm.
Example 2
A preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 0.576g of citric acid and 0.6g of urea, placing the mixture in a 25mL reaction kettle, adding 10mLN, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), placing the mixture in an oven, heating to 160 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a green fluorescent carbon dot solution.
(2) And (3) placing the green fluorescent carbon dot solution obtained in the step (1) in a centrifugal tube, setting the rotating speed to be 10000rpm, centrifuging for 10min, and taking supernatant, namely the green fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution.
(3) And (3) taking 25ml of the green fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2), placing the solution in a single-neck flask, adding 1.0g of silica gel, uniformly stirring, and performing rotary evaporation at 80 ℃ to obtain dry carbon dot silica gel powder with green fluorescence.
(4) And (3) adding the green fluorescent carbon dot silica gel powder obtained in the step (3) into a chromatographic column taking silica gel as a stationary phase, eluting the stationary phase of the chromatographic column by using a mixed solvent with the volume ratio of dichloromethane to methanol being 1:2, sequentially collecting the separated products of different batches, and retaining the carbon dot separated product with green fluorescence under an ultraviolet lamp.
(5) And (3) comparing the carbon dot separation product with green fluorescence obtained in the step (4) with the green fluorescence carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2) through thin-layer chromatography, and screening to obtain a purified green fluorescence carbon dot separation product.
(6) The product of step 5 containing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot separation was collected in a single-necked flask, and evaporated to dryness at 50 ℃ by rotation to obtain a purified carbon dot powder having green fluorescence.
(7) And (4) dispersing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot powder obtained in the step (6) in deionized water to obtain a carbon dot solution with green fluorescence.
FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of the green fluorescent carbon dots obtained in the example of the present invention, from which it can be seen that the green fluorescent carbon dots are uniformly dispersed. A high resolution TEM image shows a crystal lattice with a lattice spacing of 0.34nm, corresponding to the <001> crystal plane of graphite. The grain size of the carbon dots is 2.53 nm-4.94.
FIG. 5 is an absorption spectrum of a green fluorescent carbon dot according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the absorption peak of the green fluorescent carbon dot is located at 420 nm.
FIG. 6 is a spectrum of an emission spectrum of a green fluorescent carbon dot in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an excitation wavelength of the green fluorescent carbon dot is 430nm, and an optimal emission wavelength is 540 nm.
Example 3
A preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 0.096g of citric acid and 0.6g of urea, placing the citric acid and the urea in a 25mL reaction kettle, adding 15mLN, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), placing the mixture in an oven, heating to 150 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a carbon dot solution.
(2) And (3) placing the carbon dot solution obtained in the step (1) in a centrifugal tube, setting the rotating speed to be 10000rpm, centrifuging for 10min, and taking supernatant, namely the carbon dot primary product solution.
(3) And (3) taking 16ml of the carbon dot primary product solution in the step (2), placing the solution in a single-neck flask, adding 1.0g of silica gel, uniformly stirring, and performing rotary evaporation at 80 ℃ to obtain dry carbon dot silica gel powder with strong fluorescence.
(4) And (3) adding the carbon dot silica gel powder obtained in the step (3) into a chromatographic column taking silica gel as a stationary phase, eluting the stationary phase of the chromatographic column by using a mixed solvent with the volume ratio of dichloromethane to methanol being 2:1, sequentially collecting the separation products of different batches, and respectively retaining the separation products with green fluorescent carbon dots under an ultraviolet lamp.
(5) And (3) comparing the green fluorescent carbon dot separation product obtained in the step (4) with the green fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2) through thin-layer chromatography, and screening to obtain a purified green fluorescent carbon dot separation product.
(6) The product of step 5 containing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot separation was collected in a single-necked flask, and evaporated to dryness at 50 ℃ by rotation to obtain a purified carbon dot powder having green fluorescence.
(7) And (4) dispersing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot powder obtained in the step (6) in deionized water to obtain a carbon dot solution with green fluorescence.
Example 4
A preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 1.92g of citric acid and 0.6g of urea, placing the citric acid and the urea in a 25mL reaction kettle, adding 12mL of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), placing the mixture in an oven, heating to 160 ℃, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a green fluorescent carbon dot solution.
(2) And (3) placing the green fluorescent carbon dot solution obtained in the step (1) in a centrifugal tube, setting the rotating speed to be 10000rpm, centrifuging for 15min, and taking supernatant, namely the green fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution.
(3) And (3) taking 20ml of the green fluorescent carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2), placing the solution in a single-neck flask, adding 1.0g of silica gel, uniformly stirring, and performing rotary evaporation at 80 ℃ to obtain dry carbon dot silica gel powder with green fluorescence.
(4) And (3) adding the green fluorescent carbon dot silica gel powder obtained in the step (3) into a chromatographic column taking silica gel as a stationary phase, eluting the stationary phase of the chromatographic column by using a mixed solvent with the volume ratio of dichloromethane to methanol being 1:1, sequentially collecting the separated products of different batches, and reserving the carbon dot separated product with green fluorescence under an ultraviolet lamp.
(5) And (3) comparing the carbon dot separation product with green fluorescence obtained in the step (4) with the green fluorescence carbon dot primary product solution obtained in the step (2) through thin-layer chromatography, and screening to obtain a purified green fluorescence carbon dot separation product.
(6) The product of step 5 containing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot separation was collected in a single-necked flask, and evaporated to dryness at 50 ℃ by rotation to obtain a purified carbon dot powder having green fluorescence.
(7) And (4) dispersing the purified green fluorescent carbon dot powder obtained in the step (6) in deionized water to obtain a carbon dot solution with green fluorescence.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a pure-color fluorescent carbon dot is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out solvothermal reaction on citric acid and urea serving as precursors and N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent at 140-160 ℃, wherein the reaction time is 12 hours, so as to obtain a carbon dot solution, carrying out column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying on the carbon dot solution, so as to obtain pure-color fluorescent carbon dot powder, wherein the pure-color fluorescent carbon dots are blue fluorescent carbon dots or green fluorescent carbon dots.
2. The method for preparing a pure color fluorescent carbon dot according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is 0.05-1.0: 1, and the molar volume ratio of the urea to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.1 mol of urea corresponding to 100-150 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide.
3. The method for preparing the pure-color fluorescent carbon dot according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of the citric acid to the urea is 0.05-0.3: 1, obtaining blue fluorescent carbon dots.
4. The method for preparing a pure color fluorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of citric acid to urea is greater than 0.3 and less than or equal to 1.0, so as to obtain a green fluorescent carbon dot.
5. The method for preparing the pure color fluorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of subjecting the carbon dot solution to column chromatography and rotary evaporation drying to obtain pure color fluorescent carbon dot powder comprises:
adding silica gel into the carbon point solution, and performing rotary evaporation to dryness to obtain dry carbon point silica gel powder, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon point solution is 1: 25-1: 16;
adding the carbon point silica gel powder into a chromatographic column, adding a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol as an eluent, and separating unreacted substances and carbon points with different reaction degrees; collecting the separated products of different batches, and obtaining a purified carbon dot elution solution through thin-layer chromatography screening;
the purified carbon dot elution solution was rotary evaporated to dryness to give a dry fluorescent carbon dot powder.
6. The method for preparing a pure color fluorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stationary phase of the chromatographic column is 200-300 mesh silica gel; the volume ratio of dichloromethane to methanol in the eluent is 1: 2-2: 1.
7. The method for preparing a pure color fluorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel to the carbon dot solution is 1: 20.
8. The pure-color fluorescent carbon dot is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7, and the particle size of the pure-color fluorescent carbon dot is 1-10 nm.
9. The pure color fluorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the fluorescence emission range of the pure color fluorescent carbon dot is 400-550 nm.
10. A solid-color fluorescent carbon dot for use in fluorescence diagnosis of cancer cells, comprising the solid-color fluorescent carbon dot of claim 8 or 9.
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