CN111515493B - Welding rod arc welding method suitable for Ni-saving type low-temperature steel - Google Patents
Welding rod arc welding method suitable for Ni-saving type low-temperature steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111515493B CN111515493B CN202010299807.5A CN202010299807A CN111515493B CN 111515493 B CN111515493 B CN 111515493B CN 202010299807 A CN202010299807 A CN 202010299807A CN 111515493 B CN111515493 B CN 111515493B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc welding method suitable for a Ni-saving type low-temperature steel welding rod, which is characterized in that a proper welding material and a welding process are adopted to ensure the mechanical comprehensive performance of a welding joint, and by adopting the welding method, the impact energy KV2 of a welding joint welding line and a heat affected zone at the temperature of-120 ℃ is more than or equal to 27J, and the tensile strength Rm is as follows: the pressure is more than or equal to 530MPa, the side bending d =4a of the welding joint is qualified at 180 degrees, and the welding joint has excellent mechanical comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel material welding, and particularly relates to a shielded metal arc welding method of 16-30 mm thick section Ni-type low-temperature steel N390UD with excellent mechanical comprehensive performance of a welding joint.
Background
Ni is a main element for improving the low-temperature toughness of steel, but the expensive price and the current situation of poor nickel resources in China limit the application of Ni in low-temperature steel and hinder the development of Ni series low-temperature steel. On the premise of obtaining the mechanical property and the service performance of the low-temperature steel, the Ni element is replaced by other elements such as Mn element, so that the resources can be reasonably utilized, the cost of steel can be effectively reduced, and the method becomes a hotspot and trend of the development of novel low-temperature steel in recent years.
The node Ni type N390UD low-temperature steel only containing 0.85-1.25% of Ni obtains a microstructure mainly comprising bainite and residual austenite through a Q-L-T heat treatment process, ensures that the yield strength reaches 390MPa and the tensile strength reaches 530MPa, and realizes excellent impact toughness of not less than 80J at-120 ℃.
The cryogenic steels are still joined in welding technology to form structures for storing and transporting cryogenic tanks and the like. Whether the novel low-temperature steel has a wider welding process window or not, whether the joint performance of the novel low-temperature steel after welding, especially the low-temperature impact toughness of a welding joint can meet the standard or the user requirement or not becomes the first threshold for the steel grade to enter the market. Reasonable Ni-saving low-temperature steel N390UD welding process has important practical significance for safe use of structure
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arc welding method of a welding rod suitable for 16-30 mm thick node Ni type low-temperature steel N390UD, and the mechanical comprehensive performance of a welding joint is ensured to meet requirements.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the welding method is characterized in that a welding joint mechanical comprehensive performance is ensured by adopting a proper welding material and a welding process, a welding seam of the welding joint and a heat affected zone are not less than 27J in-120 ℃ low-temperature impact power KV2, not less than 530MPa in tensile strength, 4a in side bending d of the welding joint and qualified at 180 degrees; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the adopted parent metal:
the chemical components and weight percentage of the parent metal are as follows: 0.03-0.08%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.75%, Ni: 0.85 to 1.25%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, Al: 0.015-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the yield strength of the parent metal is more than or equal to 390MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 530MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the impact energy KV2 at minus 120 ℃ is more than or equal to 80J;
(2) the adopted welding materials are as follows:
the welding rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.12%, Mn: 3.0-5.0%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ni: 13.0-16.0%, Cr: 16.0-20.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) the welding parameters used were:
groove form: symmetrical X-shaped grooves, wherein the angle of each groove is 55-65 degrees, and the size of each truncated edge is 0-2 mm;
preheating is not needed before welding, and the interlayer temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃; performing back gouging treatment before back welding;
welding rod arc welding is adopted, the welding current is 110-150A, the arc voltage is 20-26V, the welding speed is 13-20 cm/min, and the welding heat input is 7-18 kJ/cm.
The welding method meets the welding electrode arc welding key technology of 16-30 mm thick section Ni type low-temperature steel N390UD with excellent mechanical comprehensive performance of a welding joint, can ensure the tensile strength of the welding joint by adopting proper welding materials and welding process, has the following impact energy KV2 of-120 ℃ of a welding seam and a heat affected zone of not less than 27J and tensile strength Rm: the welding joint has the advantages of being larger than or equal to 530MPa, the side bending d of the welding joint is 4a, the welding joint is qualified at 180 degrees, and the welding joint has excellent mechanical comprehensive performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a welding groove diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below.
Example 1
A welding method suitable for welding a Ni-saving type low-temperature steel by arc welding with a welding rod adopts 16mm thick Ni-saving type low-temperature steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 390MPa, tensile strength of more than or equal to 530MPa, elongation of more than or equal to 20 percent, and-120 ℃ impact energy KV2 of more than or equal to 80J, wherein the performance is excellent, a welding test plate is combined into 16mm +16mm, and the size of the test plate is 500mm (length) x 200mm (width) x 16mm (thickness);
the chemical components and weight percentage of the parent metal are as follows: 0.03-0.08%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.75%, Ni: 0.85 to 1.25%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, Al: 0.015-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In order to ensure that the-120 ℃ low-temperature impact energy KV2 of the welding line is more than or equal to 27J, and the strength of the welding line metal is matched with that of the parent metal as far as possible, the matched welding materials are as follows: the chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: c: 0.01 to 0.12%, Mn: 3.0-5.0%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ni: 13.0-16.0%, Cr: 16.0-20.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The diameter of the welding rod is phi 4.0mm, and the tensile strength of the welding rod is more than or equal to 570 MPa.
The groove type is an X-shaped groove, the angle of the groove is 55 degrees, the truncated edge is 1mm, and the assembly gap of the groove is 0.5 mm;
preheating is not carried out before welding, and the interlayer temperature is 60-100 ℃; carrying out back chipping treatment by a grinding wheel machine before welding the back surface, wherein the root part is metallic luster;
the welding current is 115A, the arc voltage is 22V, the welding speed is 17cm/min, and the welding heat input is 9 kJ/cm.
Example 2
A welding method suitable for welding a Ni-saving type low-temperature steel by arc welding with a welding rod adopts 20mm thick Ni-saving type low-temperature steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 390MPa, tensile strength of more than or equal to 530MPa, elongation of more than or equal to 20%, and-120 ℃ impact energy KV2 of more than or equal to 80J, wherein the performance is excellent, a welding test plate combination is 20mm +20mm, and the size of the test plate is 500mm (length) x 200mm (width) x 20mm (thickness);
the chemical components and weight percentage of the parent metal are as follows: 0.03-0.08%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.75%, Ni: 0.85 to 1.25%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, Al: 0.015-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In order to ensure that the-120 ℃ low-temperature impact energy KV2 of the welding line is more than or equal to 27J, and the strength of the welding line metal is matched with that of the parent metal as far as possible, the matched welding materials are as follows: the chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: c: 0.01 to 0.12%, Mn: 3.0-5.0%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ni: 13.0-16.0%, Cr: 16.0-20.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The diameter of the welding rod is phi 4.0mm, and the tensile strength of the welding rod is more than or equal to 570 MPa.
The groove type is an X-shaped groove, the angle of the groove is 60 degrees, the truncated edge is 1mm, and the assembly gap of the groove is 1 mm;
preheating is not carried out before welding, and the interlayer temperature is 60-100 ℃; carrying out back chipping treatment by a grinding wheel machine before welding the back surface, wherein the root part is metallic luster;
the welding method adopts shielded metal arc welding, the welding current is 130A, the arc voltage is 24V, the welding speed is 15cm/min, and the welding heat input is 13 kJ/cm.
Example 3
A welding method suitable for welding a Ni-saving type low-temperature steel by arc welding with a welding rod adopts 30mm thick Ni-saving type low-temperature steel with yield strength of more than or equal to 390MPa, tensile strength of more than or equal to 530MPa, elongation of more than or equal to 20 percent, and-120 ℃ impact energy KV2 of more than or equal to 80J, wherein the performance is excellent, a welding test plate combination is 30mm +30mm, and the size of the test plate is 500mm (length) x 200mm (width) x 30mm (thickness);
the chemical components and weight percentage of the parent metal are as follows: 0.03-0.08%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.75%, Ni: 0.85 to 1.25%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, Al: 0.015-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In order to ensure that the-120 ℃ low-temperature impact energy KV2 of the welding line is more than or equal to 27J, and the strength of the welding line metal is matched with that of the parent metal as far as possible, the matched welding materials are as follows: the chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: c: 0.01 to 0.12%, Mn: 3.0-5.0%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ni: 13.0-16.0%, Cr: 16.0-20.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The diameter of the welding rod is phi 4.0mm, and the tensile strength of the welding rod is more than or equal to 570 MPa.
The groove type is an X-shaped groove, the angle of the groove is 58 degrees, the truncated edge is 1mm, and the assembly gap of the groove is 0.5 mm;
preheating is not carried out before welding, and the interlayer temperature is 60-100 ℃; carrying out back chipping treatment by a grinding wheel machine before welding the back surface, wherein the root part is metallic luster;
the welding current is 145A, the arc voltage is 25V, the welding speed is 13cm/min, and the welding heat input is 17 kJ/cm.
After the welding rod arc welding is performed on the joint Ni type low-temperature steel by the welding method of the embodiments 1 to 3, the mechanical property of the welding joint is detected. The impact, tensile and flexural properties of the welded joints are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 tensile and cornering behaviour of welded joints
It can be seen that the welded joints obtained in examples 1 to 3 are excellent in comprehensive mechanical properties. The impact energy KV2 of the welding line and the heat affected zone at-120 ℃ is more than or equal to 27J, and the tensile strength Rm: the bending d of the welding joint is 4a and is more than or equal to 530MPa, and 180 degrees are qualified. The welding method is simple and easy to operate, and has strong applicability.
Claims (4)
1. A welding method suitable for welding electrodes of Ni-saving type low-temperature steel in an arc welding mode is characterized in that a proper welding material and a proper welding process are adopted to ensure the mechanical comprehensive performance of a welding joint, the welding seam and the heat affected zone of the welding joint have-120 ℃ low-temperature impact power KV2 of not less than 27J, the tensile strength of not less than 530MPa, the lateral bending d =4a of the welding joint, and the welding joint is qualified at 180 degrees; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the adopted parent metal:
the chemical components and weight percentage of the parent metal are as follows: 0.03-0.08%, Si: 0.05-0.20%, Mn: 0.85 to 1.75%, Ni: 0.85 to 1.25%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, Al: 0.015-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the yield strength of the parent metal is more than or equal to 390MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 530MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the impact energy KV2 at minus 120 ℃ is more than or equal to 80J;
(2) the adopted welding materials are as follows:
the welding rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.12%, Mn: 3.0-5.0%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ni: 13.0-16.0%, Cr: 16.0-20.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, V: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) the welding parameters used were:
groove form: symmetrical X-shaped grooves, wherein the angle of each groove is 55-65 degrees, and the size of each truncated edge is 0-2 mm;
preheating is not needed before welding, and the interlayer temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃; performing back gouging treatment before back welding;
welding rod arc welding is adopted, the welding current is 110-150A, the arc voltage is 20-26V, the welding speed is 13-20 cm/min, and the welding heat input is 7-18 kJ/cm.
2. The shielded metal arc welding method suitable for the Ni-saving type low-temperature steel electrode in claim 1, wherein a gap of 0-2 mm is reserved for groove assembly.
3. The shielded metal arc welding method suitable for the Ni-saving type low-temperature steel electrode in claim 1, wherein the interlayer temperature is 60-100 ℃.
4. The welding method of the welding electrode of the Ni-saving type low-temperature steel in the arc welding of the welding electrode of the claim 1 is characterized in that the diameter of the welding electrode is phi 4.0mm, and the tensile strength of the welding electrode is more than or equal to 570 MPa.
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