CN111515270A - Device and method for adjusting concavity of cavity surface of side beam of bogie - Google Patents
Device and method for adjusting concavity of cavity surface of side beam of bogie Download PDFInfo
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- CN111515270A CN111515270A CN202010265031.5A CN202010265031A CN111515270A CN 111515270 A CN111515270 A CN 111515270A CN 202010265031 A CN202010265031 A CN 202010265031A CN 111515270 A CN111515270 A CN 111515270A
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- bogie
- adjusting
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- side beam
- cavity surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for adjusting the surface of a cavity of a side beam of a bogie, which realize the quick repair of the cavity structure recess defect by designing a set of universal adjusting and repairing devices, combining flame heating and drawing the recess part by using bolt tightening force. Specifically, the fixing rod is welded to the concave part in a spot welding mode. A sizing block device and a stop device are added. Heating the flame in the concave area and around, and controlling the temperature to 850-900 ℃ by adopting an infrared thermometer. And (5) rapidly screwing the threaded rod, and drawing the concave part by using the screwing force. And (4) cooling to about 200 ℃, disassembling the devices, polishing tack welding seams by using a polishing tool, and simultaneously polishing arc transition at the tack welding connection positions to recover the surface state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a workpiece surface depression adjusting device and method, and particularly relates to a device and method for adjusting depression of a cavity surface of a side beam of a bogie.
Background
The inventor finds that after the bogie side beam framework is integrally welded and repaired, the surface of a cavity of the bogie side beam is easily deformed under the influence of structural internal stress, so that a depression is formed, and the flatness of the surface of a workpiece cannot meet the requirement, but no corresponding mature and quick repairing method exists in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical problems described in the background section above, a first object of the present invention is to provide a device for adjusting the cavity surface of a side beam of a bogie, which solves the problem of the cavity surface of a railway vehicle, improves the appearance quality of a product, and reduces the scrap caused by the surface depression of a component.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the concavity of the cavity surface of a side member of a bogie, which can achieve the concavity adjustment of the surface of the vehicle structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a device for adjusting the concavity of the cavity surface of a side beam of a bogie, which comprises a fixed part, an adjusting part, a stop part and a supporting part;
the supporting parts are arranged on two sides of the concave position of the side beam of the bogie and are used for supporting the stop parts;
the stop piece is placed on the support piece and used for limiting the axial displacement of the adjusting piece;
one end of the fixing piece is fixed at the sunken position of the side beam of the bogie, the other end of the fixing piece penetrates through the stop piece and is in threaded fit with the adjusting piece, and the adjusting piece is rotated to apply drawing force to the fixing piece in the direction opposite to the sunken position, so that the sunken position is adjusted.
As a further technical solution, the device for adjusting the cavity surface of the bogie side beam further comprises a heating device, and the heating device is used for heating the recessed area and the periphery of the bogie side beam to a set temperature.
As a further technical scheme, the device for adjusting the cavity surface of the side beam of the bogie to be concave also comprises a temperature measuring device, and the temperature measuring device is used for detecting the temperature of the concave area and the surrounding heating.
As a further technical scheme, a handle perpendicular to the adjusting piece is arranged at the top of the adjusting piece.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of cavity surface dimpling of a side rail of a bogie, as follows;
fixing a drawing device at a concave part of a side beam of the bogie;
heating the sunken area and the periphery of the side beam of the bogie to a set temperature;
drawing the concave part by using a drawing device;
cooling to a set temperature, dismantling the drawing device, and carrying out surface treatment.
As a further technical solution, the fixing of the drawing device to the recessed portion of the side beam of the bogie is specifically as follows:
fixing one end of a fixing piece at a concave part of a side beam of the bogie; the support parts are arranged on two sides of the concave position of the side beam of the bogie; a stop piece is placed on the supporting piece, and the other end of the fixing piece penetrates through the stop piece; the adjusting piece is matched with the stop piece through threads.
As a further technical scheme, the adjustment of the magnitude of the drawing force is realized by controlling the rotation number of the adjusting piece.
As a further technical scheme, the magnitude of the drawing force is adjusted according to the depth of the recess and the coefficient of resilience.
As a further technical scheme, in the drawing process, the surface state of the side beam of the bogie is observed at the same time, the flatness around the recess is detected in an auxiliary mode, and the drawing is stopped after the stroke reaches the rebound amount.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
the invention can realize accurate adjustment of the sinking of the side beam of the bogie by designing the sinking adjustment device and the sinking adjustment method. Specifically, the upward travel of the fixing piece is calculated by multiplying the known depth of the recess by the rebound coefficient, the upward travel of the fixing piece is converted into the number of turns to be rotated of the adjusting piece, and the accurate adjustment of the recess is realized by controlling the number of turns of the adjusting piece; the invention solves the problem of surface depression of the cavity structure of the railway vehicle, improves the appearance quality of products and reduces the scrap caused by the surface depression of components.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a foveation device disclosed in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a dimpling device disclosed in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the dimpling device disclosed in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the dimpling device disclosed in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views of the overall recessed state of the present invention;
in the figure: the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration; wherein, 1 adjusts the pole, 2 adjusts the post, 3 supports the backing plate, 4 supporting shoes, 5 dead levers.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
as introduced in the background art, after the whole bogie side beam frame in the prior art is welded and adjusted and repaired, the surface of the side beam cavity is easily deformed and dented due to the influence of structural internal stress, so that the surface flatness of the bogie side beam cannot meet the requirement. However, at present, there is no corresponding mature and quick adjusting and repairing method, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a device for adjusting the concavity of the cavity surface of the side beam of the bogie.
The following describes the apparatus used in the method for adjusting the concavity according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4, and the apparatus used in the method for adjusting the concavity according to the present invention includes a drawing apparatus, a stopping apparatus, a supporting apparatus, a temperature measuring apparatus, a surface polishing apparatus, a heating apparatus, etc. The drawing device is welded at the concave part, the concave part is drawn by the drawing device after the concave area is heated to a certain temperature, and the return of the concave part is realized. The stop device limits the drawing device, and the supporting device is used for supporting the stop device and the drawing device.
In this embodiment, the pulling device mainly includes the adjusting lever 1, the adjusting post 2 and the fixing lever 5, the bottom surface of the adjusting post 1 is processed with an internal thread hole inwards, and the axis of the internal thread hole and the axis of the adjusting lever are on the same straight line, or have a slight deviation, but in the practical processing, the axis of the internal thread hole and the axis of the adjusting lever are ensured to be parallel as far as possible, so as to ensure that the direction of the pulling force and the axis of the adjusting lever can be coaxial or parallel. One end of the fixed rod 5 is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the fixed rod 5 is provided with a connecting column; the external thread of the fixed rod 5 is matched with the internal thread of the internal thread hole of the adjusting column 2, so that the thread matching between the adjusting column 2 and the fixed rod 5 is realized; the connecting column of the fixed rod 5 is used for welding at the concave position of the side beam; in the actual concave adjustment, a rotating force is given to the adjusting column 2, the adjusting column 2 rotates, but the adjusting column 2 can only rotate in situ because of the stop device in the axial direction, and in the process of the in situ rotation, the fixed rod is driven by the concave part to move in the direction opposite to the concave direction, and finally the concave part is pulled.
Further, in order to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting column 2, in this embodiment, an adjusting rod 1 is inserted at the top of the adjusting column 2, the axis of the adjusting rod 1 is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis of the adjusting column 2, and a constructor rotates the adjusting rod 1 to provide a rotating force to the adjusting column 2. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments the adjustment lever 1 may also be welded directly to the top of the adjustment post 2, the adjustment lever 1 being a conventional handle.
In this embodiment, the stopping device is a supporting base plate 3, the supporting base plate 3 is a rectangular structure, the supporting base plate 3 is provided with a long strip-shaped through hole, the threaded end of the fixing rod 5 penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the adjusting rod 1, the stopping device is used for positioning the position of the fixing rod 5, and in addition, the axial movement direction of the adjusting column 2 can be limited to realize drawing.
It will of course be appreciated that in other embodiments the shape of the support pallet 3 may also be square, or other irregular shapes.
It will of course be appreciated that in other embodiments the shape of the through-hole of the support mat 3 may also be oval or other shapes. Further, in view of the convenience of disassembly, the through-hole is a semi-closed through-hole, i.e., a through-hole is processed inward along the side of the support mat 3. In the present embodiment, a through hole is formed along the left side surface of the support mat 3.
In addition, when the width of the through hole is designed specifically, the width of the through hole is required to be slightly larger than the diameter of the fixing rod, so that the fixing rod can just penetrate through the through hole to realize the positioning of the fixing rod, and meanwhile, the width of the through hole is required to be smaller than the radius of the bottom surface of the adjusting rod 1; because if the width of the through hole is too wide, the fixing rod 5 cannot be positioned, on the other hand, the adjusting rod 1 cannot be axially limited, and the fixing rod 5 cannot penetrate through the through hole. The length of the through hole can be set at will, but in order to realize the adjustment of a plurality of concave positions without moving the support legs, the length of the through hole can be set to be longer, and when the concave adjustment of the next position is needed, the concave adjustment of the next position can be realized only by moving the position of the drawing device along the through hole.
In the present embodiment, the supporting devices are two supporting blocks 4, and the shape of the two supporting blocks 4 is similar to a rectangle, but the shape is not limited to the rectangle disclosed in the present embodiment. The two supporting blocks 4 are mainly used for supporting the stopping device, the bottom surfaces of the supporting blocks 4 are in contact with the surface to be adjusted of the side beam of the bogie (specifically, the bottom surfaces of the supporting blocks 4 are generally placed on two sides of the concave position to be adjusted of the side beam of the bogie), and the top surfaces of the supporting blocks 4 are in contact with the supporting base plates 3, namely, the supporting base plates 3 are placed on the two supporting blocks 4.
Further, if the stability of the support is considered, the shape of the bottom surface of the support block 4 is matched with the shapes of the two sides of the to-be-adjusted concave position of the side beam of the bogie as much as possible, for example, the two sides of the to-be-adjusted position are concave arc surfaces, and the bottom surface of the support block is a convex arc surface; the two sides of the position to be adjusted are convex arc surfaces, the bottom surface of the supporting block is a concave arc surface, and if the two sides of the position to be adjusted are flat surfaces, the bottom surface of the supporting block is a flat surface, such as the shape shown in the figure in the embodiment.
Further, if the stability of the support is taken into consideration, the top surface of the support block 4 may be designed to be a flat surface as much as possible, the bottom surface of the support mat 3 may also be designed to be a flat surface, the support mat 3 may be smoothly placed on the two support blocks 4, and, in order to further ensure the stability of the whole device, the supporting mat 3 and the two supporting blocks 4 can be fixed together, for example, the connecting pieces can be detachably connected together through screws and the like, and can also be directly welded together or integrally formed, but preferably, the two are detachably connected together, so that the recycling of the support mat 3 is realized, since the support block 4 may be replaced according to the shape of the concave surface to be adjusted, but the support mat 3 is a reusable part in the present device, it is recommended that the support mat 3 and the support block 4 are detachably connected together.
Furthermore, in the process of adjusting the cavity, the temperature measuring device is also required to be matched with the detection device to detect the heating temperature of the concave area, so that the temperature measuring device is required to be used for measuring the temperature in the process of adjusting the cavity, and the temperature measuring device can be a contact type temperature measuring device or a non-contact type temperature measuring device; it should be noted that the temperature measuring device is preferably a non-contact temperature measuring device, such as a common infrared thermometer, and the non-contact temperature measuring device can reduce the influence on the side beam of the bogie.
Further, this embodiment is adjusting concave in-process, still needs surface grinding device to adjust concave surface and polishes, and concrete can adopt manual grinding device to polish, also can adopt automatic sander to polish, and concrete according to actual need selects. The existing common automatic grinding device is provided with an automatic grinder.
Further, this embodiment is adjusting concave in-process, still needs heating device to heat the depressed area of curb girder, and in this embodiment, adopts the flame heating device who has the bocca to heat, and for the flexibility of heating, the bocca passes through a manual clamping device centre gripping, realizes that its position is adjustable.
The method for adjusting the concavity according to the present invention will be described with reference to the following embodiments.
Currently, common bogie materials are carbon steel, weathering steel, such as common Q235, Q345, S355J2 series steel; the bogie steel plate is generally processed by steel plates or steel pipes with the thickness less than 16mm, and the thickness of common plates is 6-16 mm; in the processing process, after the whole bogie side beam framework is welded and adjusted and repaired, the surface of the cavity of the side beam is easily deformed to form a depression under the influence of structural internal stress, so that the surface flatness of the bogie side beam cannot meet the requirement. Based on this, the present embodiment provides a method for adjusting a recess, which is suitable for a recess adjustment range with a recess radius larger than 25mm and a recess depth of about 1mm to 10 mm. The maximum radius of the recess of the existing side beam is 500mm, and the method can be applied to adjustment and repair within the size range.
In addition, after the recess is adjusted, the side beam of the bogie has rebound, the rebound coefficient is related to the depth of the recess, the area of the recess and the thickness of the recessed plate, and in principle, the deeper the depth, the larger the area and the thicker the plate, the larger the rebound coefficient and the larger the corresponding stroke. According to practical experience, the coefficient of restitution is generally in the range of 1.1-1.7, and the coefficient of restitution for this application is referred to the table below:
reference table for coefficient of restitution
Before the device is adopted to adjust and repair the sunken part, a depth detection ruler is generally used for measuring the sunken depth, the area, the plate thickness and the like, then the rebound coefficient is searched according to parameters, finally, a fixing piece is tack welded to the sunken position, the defect position is heated (monitored by an infrared thermometer) to 850-900 ℃, the stroke of a fixed rod is controlled by a rotating ring numerical control, the surface state of a material is observed at the same time, the flatness around the defect is detected by using a flat ruler in an auxiliary mode, the tool is disassembled after the stroke reaches the rebound quantity, the tool is cooled to 200 ℃ (about 20min), the tool is removed by grinding through a grinding machine, the circular arc transition is polished, the flatness of the defect position is detected, and the adjustment and repair are finished.
The specific process is as follows:
And 2, assembling the drawing device, specifically, matching the threaded end of the fixed rod with the threaded hole of the adjusting column, and inserting the adjusting rod into the adjusting column.
and 5, when the whole tool and the side beam of the bogie are cooled to about 200 ℃, disassembling each device, polishing the tack welding seam of the fixed rod by using a polishing tool, and simultaneously polishing the circular arc transition of the tack welding joint to restore the surface state.
It should be noted that: the control method of the drawing force controls the upward stroke of the fixed rod by controlling the number of the rotating turns of the adjusting column, thereby realizing the control of the drawing force,
firstly, calculating the upward movement stroke of the fixed rod, and assuming that the stroke is h, then h is the recess depth and the rebound coefficient;
determining the number of rotation turns of the adjusting column according to the stroke h, and assuming that the threads of the adjusting column and the fixing column are single threads, setting the number of rotation turns as the lead of the stroke h/the threads; assuming that the threads of the adjusting and fixing posts are double-threaded, the number of rotations is equal to the stroke h/(lead of the threads).
During adjustment and repair, an operator rotates the adjusting column according to the rotation number to generate drawing force.
The invention adopts the drawing concept, designs the drawing device, the stop device and the supporting device, adopts the welding connection between the drawing device and the concave part, assists the flame heating, and draws the concave part by utilizing the screwing force of the screw thread. By means of the mutual matching of the method and the device, the problem of surface depression of the cavity structure of the railway vehicle is solved, a method for adjusting the depression is formed, the appearance quality of a product is improved, and scrappage caused by the surface depression of the component is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for adjusting the concavity of the cavity surface of a side beam of a bogie is characterized by comprising a fixing piece, an adjusting piece, a stop piece and a supporting piece;
the supporting parts are arranged on two sides of the concave position of the side beam of the bogie and are used for supporting the stop parts;
the stop piece is placed on the support piece and used for limiting the axial displacement of the adjusting piece;
one end of the fixing piece is fixed at the sunken position of the side beam of the bogie, the other end of the fixing piece penetrates through the stop piece and is in threaded fit with the adjusting piece, and the adjusting piece is rotated to apply drawing force to the fixing piece in the direction opposite to the sunken position, so that the sunken position is adjusted.
2. The cavity surface debossing apparatus for a bogie side rail according to claim 1, further comprising heating means for heating the recessed area and the surrounding area of the bogie side rail to a set temperature.
3. The truck side rail cavity surface dimpling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensing device for sensing the temperature of the dimpled area and surrounding heating.
4. The truck side rail cavity surface dimpling apparatus of claim 3, wherein said temperature measuring means is a non-contact temperature measuring means.
5. The apparatus for cavity surface adjustment of a side rail of a bogie as set forth in claim 1, wherein said adjusting member is provided at a top portion thereof with a handle perpendicular thereto.
6. A method for adjusting the concavity of the cavity surface of a side beam of a bogie is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing a drawing device at a concave part of a side beam of the bogie;
heating the sunken area and the periphery of the side beam of the bogie to a set temperature;
drawing the concave part by using a drawing device;
cooling to a set temperature, dismantling the drawing device, and carrying out surface treatment.
7. The method for cavity surface debossing of a bogie side rail according to claim 6, wherein the pulling means is fixed to the debossed portion of the bogie side rail by:
fixing one end of a fixing piece at a concave part of a side beam of the bogie; the support parts are arranged on two sides of the concave position of the side beam of the bogie; a stop piece is placed on the supporting piece, and the other end of the fixing piece penetrates through the stop piece; the adjusting piece is matched with the stop piece through threads.
8. The method of cavity surface dimpling of a bogie side rail according to claim 7, wherein the adjustment of the amount of the pulling force is achieved by controlling the number of rotations of the adjustment member.
9. The method of cavity surface dimpling a bogie side rail according to claim 6, wherein the amount of the drawing force is adjusted according to a dimple depth and a coefficient of restitution.
10. The method of cavity surface dimpling of a bogie side rail according to claim 6, wherein during the drawing, the state of the surface of the bogie side rail is observed simultaneously and the flatness around the dimple is detected in an auxiliary manner, and the drawing is stopped after the stroke reaches the rebound amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010265031.5A CN111515270A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Device and method for adjusting concavity of cavity surface of side beam of bogie |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010265031.5A CN111515270A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Device and method for adjusting concavity of cavity surface of side beam of bogie |
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| CN111515270A true CN111515270A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| CN202010265031.5A Pending CN111515270A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Device and method for adjusting concavity of cavity surface of side beam of bogie |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206951829U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-02-02 | 杨云良 | A kind of bridge type auto depression fix tool |
| CN209139539U (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-07-23 | 广东港重绿建科技有限公司 | A kind of building constructional steel local deformation correcting device |
| CN110842056A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 衡阳市恒锋机械制造有限公司 | Automobile surface depression stretching repair tool |
| JP2020037122A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-12 | 株式会社自研センター | Repair method for metal surface |
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2020
- 2020-04-07 CN CN202010265031.5A patent/CN111515270A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206951829U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-02-02 | 杨云良 | A kind of bridge type auto depression fix tool |
| JP2020037122A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-12 | 株式会社自研センター | Repair method for metal surface |
| CN209139539U (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-07-23 | 广东港重绿建科技有限公司 | A kind of building constructional steel local deformation correcting device |
| CN110842056A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 衡阳市恒锋机械制造有限公司 | Automobile surface depression stretching repair tool |
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