CN111510065A - A solar photovoltaic panel cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device which comprises a photo-thermal separation module, a heat collection module, a refrigeration and cold accumulation module and a microemulsion circulation module, wherein the photo-thermal separation module is used for separating heat from cold; the photo-thermal separation module and the heat collection module are connected through a heat pipe, the heat collection module and the refrigeration and cold accumulation module are connected through a heat pipe, and the refrigeration and cold accumulation module and the microemulsion circulation module are connected through a first cooling air pipe and a second cooling air pipe; the light-heat separation module is used for providing a heat source for the refrigeration and cold accumulation module through the heat collection module after absorbing heat energy in sunlight; the refrigeration cold accumulation module absorbs heat to generate refrigeration effect and then stores energy for the phase-change microemulsion for refrigeration, in the daytime, the temperature reduction process of the photovoltaic panel is in the desorption stage, and the phase-change microemulsion cools the photovoltaic panel through the finned pipeline. The invention utilizes low-grade heat source, improves the generating efficiency, and simultaneously reduces the influence of high temperature on the service life of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel can be well popularized in the area with larger temperature difference in the state of optimum temperature and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Description

A solar photovoltaic panel cooling device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic panel cooling, and relates to a cooling device, in particular to a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device.

Background technique

Under the economic background of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the development of new energy has gradually become an effective means to alleviate the above problems. Based on the advantages of universal, harmless and long-term, solar energy has become the most promising new energy. As the core technology for utilizing solar energy, photovoltaic technology has the advantages of no pollution, low operating cost, minimal equipment maintenance and highest power density during operation. However, the photovoltaic system still has the problem that the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is too high due to the untimely heat dissipation, which has a negative impact on the conversion efficiency of the system. When the solar photovoltaic panel increases by 1°C, the output power decreases by 0.4%. When the temperature exceeds the limit temperature, the aging rate of the silicon cell will also be accelerated. Therefore, the cooling research of photovoltaic panels is of great significance.

Although the traditional photovoltaic panel cooling technologies such as natural convection circulating cooling, forced convection circulating cooling and liquid cooling are easy to operate, the system is simple, and the conversion efficiency and power of photovoltaic panels have been improved, but the improvement is not obvious enough, and the heat transfer thermal resistance is still large. Although new photovoltaic cooling technologies such as floating tracking centralized cooling and phase change material cooling can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels, their system cycle stability cannot meet the needs of practical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device that is simple, effective, and has high system cycle stability. It is particularly feasible to dissipate heat from photovoltaic panels in combination with the cooling technology driven by solar heating.

For the cooling technology driven by solar heating, there are mainly two methods: solar absorption refrigeration and solar adsorption refrigeration. Absorption refrigeration technology is not suitable for the heat dissipation of solar photovoltaic panels due to low efficiency, power consumption, high noise, high cost and easy damage. , long life and other advantages. However, since adsorption refrigeration technology requires desorption and desorption, and there are refrigeration intervals, the refrigeration is discontinuous and the cycle period is too long, resulting in lower efficiency than other refrigeration methods, and a feasible improvement method has not yet been found.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing solar photovoltaic panel cooling technology, the present invention combines the characteristics of the solar adsorption refrigeration method that can utilize the low-grade heat source, adopts the photothermal separation technology as the first stage cooling, and uses the microemulsion to improve the adsorption refrigeration technology. The solar photovoltaic panel performs secondary cooling, and a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device is proposed, which improves the cooling effect of the photovoltaic panel, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar panel.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device, which is characterized in that it includes a light-heat separation module, a heat collection module, a refrigeration cold storage module and a microemulsion circulation module;

The light-heat separation module and the heat collection module are connected by a heat pipe, the heat collection module and the refrigeration and cold storage module are connected by a heat pipe, and the refrigeration and cold storage module and the microemulsion circulation module are connected by a first cooling air pipe and a second cooling air pipe;

The light-heat separation module is used to provide a heat source for the cooling and cold storage module through the heat collection module after absorbing the heat energy in the sunlight; the cooling and cold storage module absorbs heat to produce a cooling effect and stores and cools the phase change microemulsion. During the day, the photovoltaic The cooling process of the panel is in the desorption stage, and the phase change microemulsion cools the photovoltaic panel through the finned pipes.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the device has certain advantages in noise, lifespan, cost and the like while reducing the negative impact of operating temperature changes on the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels. Utilize low-grade heat source, improve power generation efficiency, and reduce the impact of high temperature on the life of photovoltaic panels, so that photovoltaic panels can be well promoted in areas with large temperature differences in a state of optimal temperature and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Description of drawings

1 and 2 are the overall schematic diagrams of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel photothermal separation module;

4 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption refrigeration module;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of microemulsion circulation module;

In the figure, 1-light and heat separation module, 2-heat collection module, 3-refrigeration and cold storage module, 4-microemulsion circulation module, 101-solar photovoltaic panel, 102-Low-e glass cover and polyimide film, 103 -Heat conduction pipe, 104-aluminum profile bracket, 105-aluminum profile limit plate, 6-air storage chamber, 7-air compressor, 8-first cooling air pipe, 9-condensing chamber, 10-expansion valve, 11-steam Chamber, 12-finned pipe, 13-second cooling air pipe 2, 14-microemulsion pipe 1, 15-pressure control valve, 16-liquid storage chamber, 17-aluminum profile support, 18-microemulsion pipe 2, 19 - Profile bracket, 20-centrifugal pump

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, detailed implementations and specific implementations are provided. operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 , a solar photovoltaic panel cooling device provided by the present invention includes a photothermal separation module 1, a heat collection module 2, a refrigeration and cold storage module 3 and a microemulsion circulation module 4; a photothermal separation module 1 and a collection module The heat module 2 is connected by a heat pipe, the heat collection module 2 and the cooling and cold storage module 3 are connected by a heat pipe, and the cooling and cold storage module 3 and the microemulsion circulation module 4 are connected by the first cooling gas pipe 8 and the second cooling gas pipe 13; After absorbing the heat energy in the sunlight, the heat collection module 2 provides a heat source for the cooling and cold storage module 3; the cooling and cold storage module 3 absorbs heat and produces a cooling effect for the phase change microemulsion energy storage and refrigeration. During the day, the cooling process of the photovoltaic panel In the desorption stage, the phase change microemulsion cools the photovoltaic panels through finned pipes.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the photothermal separation module 1 of this embodiment includes a solar photovoltaic panel 101 , a Low-e glass cover and a polyimide film 102 , a heat pipe 103 , an aluminum profile bracket 104 , and an aluminum profile limiting plate 105 ; The photovoltaic panel 101 is fixed on the bracket 104, the Low-e glass cover and the Low-e glass cover of the polyimide film 102 cover the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 101, and the polyimide film is on the surface of the Low-e glass cover, The heat transfer pipe 103 is wrapped to collect the heat energy on the outer surface of the Low-e glass cover, and the heat energy is conducted to the adsorbent arranged in the condensation chamber of the refrigeration cold storage module 3 through the heat transfer pipe 103 . A limiting plate 105 is also fixedly arranged on the four peripheral edges of the bracket 104 for cooperating and fixing the solar photovoltaic panel 101 .

In this embodiment, since the polyimide film has good light transmittance, the normal operation of the solar photovoltaic panel will not be affected.

The Low-e glass cover of this embodiment is fastened to the sun-facing side of the photovoltaic panel by screws and nuts, the polyimide film is fixed outside the Low-e glass cover through edge glue, and the air is exhausted to make it closely fit with the glass cover . On one side, the polyimide film and the heat-conducting portion of the heat-conducting pipe 103 are wrapped and thermally welded, and the heat-conducting pipe 103 and the glass cover are fastened and connected by screws to ensure its stability.

The heat collecting module 2 in this embodiment is a flat heat collecting tube, which is composed of several heat conducting pipes; one end of the flat heat collecting tube is connected with the heat conducting pipe 103 in the light-heat separation module 1 , and the other end is connected with the condensation chamber of the refrigeration and cold storage module 3 . , which is used to heat the adsorbent in the condensation chamber.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the refrigeration and cold storage module 3 of this embodiment includes an air storage chamber 6 , an air compressor 7 , a first cooling air pipe 8 , a condensation chamber 9 , an expansion valve 10 , and a steam chamber 11 ; The condensation chamber 9 is connected, the outlet of the condensation chamber 9 is connected to the expansion valve 10, and the other outlet of the expansion valve 10 is connected to the steam chamber 11; the air compressor 7 is directly connected to the gas storage chamber 6, and the other end of the gas storage chamber 6 is connected to the steam chamber through a pipeline 11 ; the steam chamber 11 communicates with the microemulsion circulation module 4 through the first cooling air pipe 8 and the second cooling air pipe 13 .

The following describes the workflow of adsorption refrigeration, which is divided into two stages:

Desorption stage: During the day, the temperature of the adsorbent in the condensation chamber 9 is continuously increased due to the irradiation of sunlight, and the refrigerant is desorbed from the micropores of the adsorbent into steam. The refrigerant vapor in the chamber 9 is condensed into a liquid and flows into the vapor chamber 11, cooled in the liquid storage chamber, and then returned to the evaporator;

Adsorption stage: At night, the intensity of solar radiation becomes weak, the condensation chamber 9 begins to cool down, and its internal pressure begins to drop, and the steam inside is re-adsorbed by the adsorbent, causing the pressure in the vapor chamber 11 to be greater than the internal pressure of the condensation chamber 9, and the refrigerant Evaporation starts to generate cold energy, and heat exchange is performed in the liquid storage chamber 16 through the cooling air pipe.

Referring to FIG. 5, the microemulsion circulation module 4 provided in this embodiment includes a finned pipe 12, a second cooling air pipe 13, a first microemulsion pipe 14, a pressure control valve 15, a liquid storage chamber 16, an aluminum profile support 17, The second microemulsion tube 18, the aluminum profile support 19, the centrifugal pump 20; the finned tube 12 is fixedly arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel, one end is connected to the liquid storage chamber 16 through the first microemulsion tube 14, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage chamber 16 through the second microemulsion tube. 18 and the centrifugal pump 20 are communicated with the liquid storage chamber 16; the liquid storage chamber 16 is communicated with the vapor chamber 11 of the refrigeration and cold storage module 3 through the second cooling air pipe 13; the pressure control valve 15 is fixedly installed on the liquid storage chamber 16 for production and storage pressure in the liquid chamber. The microemulsion circulation module 4 is fixedly arranged on the aluminum profile support 19 , and the aluminum profile support 17 is configured on the aluminum profile support 19 .

The liquid storage chamber 16 , the first microemulsion tube 14 , the second microemulsion tube 18 and the finned tube 12 in this embodiment are filled with phase change microemulsion; the cold air discharged from the steam chamber 11 enters through the second cooling air pipe 13 In the liquid storage chamber 16, the cold air exchanges heat with the liquid storage part through the air circulation part of the liquid storage chamber 16; when the cooling process of the photovoltaic panel enters the desorption stage, the vapor chamber 11 is no longer refrigerated, and the solar photovoltaic panel 101 starts to work. At the same time, the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel 101 will increase. The temperature inside the back cover of the solar photovoltaic panel 101 rises, and the phase-change microemulsion that reaches saturation after cooling storage forms a temperature difference with the temperature of the phase-change microemulsion in the finned pipe 12, and the phase-change microemulsion passes through the finned pipe 12 to the solar photovoltaic panel. 101 performs endothermic cooling. In the process of desorption during the cooling process of the photovoltaic panel, the solar photovoltaic panel 101 is continuously cooled and cooled by the phase change microemulsion.

The finned pipe 12 in this embodiment is a serpentine structure, which is directly connected to the solar photovoltaic panel by the serpentine structure, thereby increasing the heat transfer area and reducing the pipe diameter. In order to enhance the heat transfer efficiency, the pipes use finned pipes with good heat transfer effect. The internal space of the liquid storage chamber is divided into an air circulation part and a liquid storage part, and heat exchange is carried out during the adsorption stage to realize the cold storage effect of the microemulsion.

It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention. in the range.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a solar photovoltaic board cooling device which characterized in that: comprises a photo-thermal separation module (1), a heat collection module (2), a refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) and a microemulsion circulation module (4);

the photothermal separation module (1) is connected with the heat collection module (2) through a heat pipe, the heat collection module (2) is connected with the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) through a heat pipe, and the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) is connected with the microemulsion circulation module (4) through a first cooling air pipe (8) and a second cooling air pipe (13);

the photothermal separation module (1) is used for providing a heat source for the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) through the heat collection module (2) after absorbing heat energy in sunlight; the refrigeration cold accumulation module (3) absorbs heat to generate refrigeration effect and then stores energy for refrigerating phase-change microemulsion, in the daytime, the temperature reduction process of the photovoltaic panel is in a desorption stage, and the phase-change microemulsion cools the photovoltaic panel through the finned pipeline.

2. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal separation module (1) comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (101), L ow-e glass housing and polyimide film (102), heat conducting pipes (103), and a bracket (104);

the solar photovoltaic panel (101) is fixedly arranged on the bracket (104), the L ow-e glass outer cover and the L ow-e glass outer cover of the polyimide film (102) are covered on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel (101), the polyimide film is arranged on the surface of the L ow-e glass outer cover, the heat pipe (103) is wrapped, the heat energy on the outer surface of the L ow-e glass outer cover is collected, and the heat energy is conducted to the adsorbent arranged in the condensation chamber in the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) through the heat pipe (103).

3. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 2, wherein: and the limiting plates (105) are fixedly arranged on the edges of the periphery of the support (104) and are used for matching and fixing the solar photovoltaic panel (101).

4. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the heat collection module (2) is a flat plate heat collection pipe which is composed of a plurality of heat conduction pipes; one end of the flat plate heat collecting pipe is connected with a heat conducting pipe (103) in the photothermal separation module (1), and the other end of the flat plate heat collecting pipe is connected with a condensation chamber of the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) and used for supplying heat to an adsorbent in the condensation chamber.

5. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) comprises an air storage chamber (6), an air compressor (7), a first cooling air pipe (8), a condensation chamber (9), an expansion valve (10) and a steam chamber (11);

a heat pipe of the heat collection module (2) is communicated with the condensing chamber (9), an outlet of the condensing chamber (9) is connected with the expansion valve (10), and the other outlet of the expansion valve (10) is connected with the steam chamber (11); the air compressor (7) is directly connected with the air storage chamber (6), and the other end of the air storage chamber (6) is connected to the steam chamber (11) through a pipeline;

the steam chamber (11) is communicated with the microemulsion circulation module (4) through a first cooling air pipe (8) and a second cooling air pipe (13).

6. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the microemulsion circulation module (4) comprises a finned pipeline (12), a second cooling air pipe (13), a first microemulsion pipe (14), a liquid storage chamber (16), a second microemulsion pipe (18) and a centrifugal pump (20);

the finned pipeline (12) is fixedly arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel, one end of the finned pipeline is communicated with the liquid storage chamber (16) through the first microemulsion pipe (14), and the other end of the finned pipeline is communicated with the liquid storage chamber (16) through the second microemulsion pipe (18) and the centrifugal pump (20);

the liquid storage chamber (16) is communicated with the steam chamber (11) of the refrigeration and cold accumulation module (3) through a first cooling air pipe (8) and a second cooling air pipe (13).

7. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 6, wherein: the liquid storage chamber (16) is provided with a pressure control valve (15) for controlling the pressure in the liquid storage chamber.

8. The solar photovoltaic panel cooling device of claim 6, wherein: the finned tube (12) is of a serpentine structure.

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