CN111508328A

CN111508328A - Aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system and operation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111508328A
Application number: CN202010464371.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马琼; 杨健壮; 侯伟; 贾碧; 石光岳; 魏致慧; 张一�
Original assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology; Lanzhou Resources and Environment Voc Tech College
Current assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology; Lanzhou Resources and Environment Voc Tech College
Priority date: 2020-05-27
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2020-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-27

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of training teaching aids in universities and colleges, and particularly relates to an aluminum electrolysis simulation training operation system and an operation method thereof. The aluminum electrolytic cell comprises an aluminum electrolytic cell, an anode replacing device and an aluminum cladding aluminum discharging device, wherein a cathode carbon block is arranged in the aluminum electrolytic cell and is connected to the bottom of the aluminum electrolytic cell; the anode replacing device is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device is arranged on the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell. The operation process is carried out at normal temperature, no harmful gas or dust pollution is generated in the operation process, teaching can be conveniently and visually carried out, the learning effect is obviously improved, and the teaching quality is improved.

Description

Aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of training teaching aids in universities and colleges, and particularly relates to an aluminum electrolysis simulation training operation system and an operation method thereof.

Background

At present, relevant research subjects of the aluminum electrolysis industry mainly aim at solving a certain practical problem and requirement on an industrial field, and experimental equipment of the aluminum electrolysis industry has definite directivity and is not suitable for the requirement of teaching and practical training of universities and colleges. The learning practice and the actual operation training of students in colleges and universities are usually carried out on the production site of an enterprise, but the normal operation of workers is influenced by the training on the production site, so that the risk is high, and the training effect is poor.

The prior art application number is: CN201620476760.4, name: the invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis simulation training bus lifting system, which can simulate bus lifting operation in an aluminum electrolysis process, but the simulation project is too single to comprehensively simulate the aluminum electrolysis process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system and an operation method thereof, which can perform aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation in a teaching field of a college and universities and simulate operations such as anode replacement, bus lifting and aluminum discharging in the aluminum electrolysis process.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention relates to an aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system which comprises an aluminum electrolysis cell, an anode replacing device and an aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device, wherein a cathode carbon block is arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell, the cathode carbon block is connected to the bottom of the aluminum electrolysis cell, a ledge of the aluminum electrolysis cell is arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell, the ledge of the aluminum electrolysis cell is arranged at two sides of the bottom of the aluminum electrolysis cell, an anode carbon block, an anode steel claw, a bus and an anode conducting rod are arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell, the anode steel claw is connected to the top end of the anode carbon block, the anode conducting rod is connected to the top end of the anode steel claw, the bus is connected to the anode conducting rod, a bus hook is arranged on the bus, a small combined clamp is connected to the bus hook, the anode conducting rod is connected between the small combined clamp and the bus, the fixed frame is also connected with a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder and a pneumatic pipeline, one end of the pneumatic pipeline is communicated with the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder, the other end of the pneumatic pipeline is connected with an air compressor, and the lower end of the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder is connected with a crust breaking and blanking mechanism; the anode replacing device is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell and comprises a transverse moving travelling crane, a longitudinal moving travelling crane and a travelling crane rail, wherein the travelling crane rail is connected between a front beam and a rear beam of a classroom, the longitudinal moving travelling crane is movably connected on the travelling crane rail, and the transverse moving travelling crane is movably connected on the longitudinal moving travelling crane; the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device is arranged on the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

The invention adopts metal material to support the aluminum electrolytic cell with a structure similar to the actual aluminum electrolytic production structure, and carries out micro-shrinkage, layout and design according to the actual situation of an industrial field based on the prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell widely used in industry. The system can realize the anode replacement of practical training operation, can carry out the teaching demonstration system of the practical training operation of lifting the mother and the video playing in the tank, can carry out the aluminum outlet system of the practical training operation, and can display the structure under the tank containing the tank process. Generally, each electrolytic cell is about 4.6 meters long, about 2 meters wide and about 1.5 meters high, so that the details of each part can be shown in detail, and the practical training operation beside the cell is facilitated for students. In addition, a plurality of rows of aluminum reduction cells 1 can be arranged in the teacher according to the actual situation, as shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the aluminum reduction cells.

The operation time of the crust breaking and blanking mechanism is controlled by a P L C control system to control the electromagnetic valve to complete the part of operation in a fixed blanking period.

The whole aluminum electrolytic cell completely displays the main components of the industrial field electrolytic cell, the cathode carbon block is made of steel, and the anode carbon block, the anode steel claw and the anode conducting rod are also made of steel.

Furthermore, the anode replacing device comprises an anode lifting motor and an anode lifting guide rod, anode fixture, the anode lift loop bar, the driving rail is connected between the crossbeam around the classroom, longitudinal movement driving swing joint is on the driving rail, lateral movement driving swing joint is on the longitudinal movement driving, lateral movement driving lower extreme is connected with anode lift loop bar, sliding connection has anode lift guide arm in the anode lift loop bar, anode lift guide arm top is connected with the rack, anode lift loop bar outside top is connected with anode elevator motor, anode elevator motor output shaft passes anode lift loop bar outer wall, be connected with the gear on the anode lift motor output shaft, the gear is established inside the anode lift loop bar, wheel and rack meshing, anode fixture connects in anode lift guide arm bottom, anode fixture connects on the anode conducting rod top.

Further, positive pole fixture including centre gripping cylinder and splint, splint are equipped with two, two splint are connected respectively in the positive pole lift guide arm left and right sides, two splint tops all rotate through the round pin axle and connect in positive pole lift guide arm side, two splint symmetries, the cylinder is connected between two splint, the cylinder is slim double-end two-pole two-way cylinder, the cylinder is equipped with two piston rods, two piston rods are established both ends around the cylinder respectively, all be connected with the connecting block on two piston rods of cylinder, all be equipped with the scarce groove on two splint, the scarce groove is the waist groove, the scarce groove sets up along splint length direction, two connecting blocks rotate through the round pin axle respectively and connect on even splint, two connecting blocks rotate respectively and connect in even scarce inslot, positive pole conducting rod top centre gripping is between.

Furthermore, the top of the anode conducting rod is provided with a clamping hole, the clamping hole penetrates through the anode conducting rod, the inner sides of the bottoms of the two clamping plates are respectively provided with a convex point, and the two convex points are respectively connected to two ends of the clamping hole; the anode clamping mechanism comprises a U-shaped limiting plate, a bottom plate of the U-shaped limiting plate is connected to the rear side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod, and two side plates of the U-shaped limiting plate are respectively provided with the outer sides of two clamping plates; the anode clamping mechanism comprises an anode rod limiting plate, the anode rod limiting plate is connected to the front side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod, the bottom end of the anode rod limiting plate is lower than the bottom ends of the two clamping plates, and the anode rod limiting plate is connected to the side face of the anode conducting rod.

In consideration of the space condition of classrooms in universities and colleges, a multifunctional crown block on an industrial site cannot be directly placed in the whole space, so that the multifunctional crown block on the industrial site is simulated by utilizing a transverse moving travelling crane, a longitudinal moving travelling crane and a travelling crane rail, an anode lifting motor controls the lifting of an anode lifting guide rod and an anode clamping mechanism, the clamping and the lifting of an anode are realized, the anode replacement process is simulated, the anode lifting motor rotates to drive a gear to rotate, the gear rotates to drive a rack to ascend or descend, and the anode clamping mechanism and an anode conducting rod are ascended or descended.

The cylinder is a thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinder, two piston rods of the cylinder extend out or retract simultaneously by operating the cylinder, namely, the cylinder can be opened or closed, the top end of the anode conducting rod is clamped by the lower end of the clamping plate, the anode rod is used for clamping the top end of the anode conducting rod, the piston rod of the cylinder does not block due to the fact that the piston rod of the cylinder extends out or retracts due to the arrangement of the connecting block, and the connecting block can rotate relative to the clamping plate when the piston rod of the cylinder extends out or retracts, so that angle conversion between the piston rod of the cylinder. Simple and convenient use and reasonable structural design, and can realize the clamping of the anode conducting rod without manual operation.

It should be noted that, except for using the thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinder, the cylinder is a common single-head unidirectional thin cylinder, and when the single-head unidirectional thin cylinder is used, the bottom of the cylinder and a cylinder piston rod are respectively connected with the two connecting blocks, but the single-head unidirectional thin cylinder is easy to cause that one of the two clamping plates is not smoothly opened, and the debugging needs to be noticed during the assembly.

The arrangement of the clamping holes and the convex points enables the anode conducting rod to be clamped by the clamping plate more firmly and reliably.

The U type limiting plate is opened two splint and is carried on spacingly, facilitates the use, improve equipment stability in use.

The anode rod limiting plate plays a role in guiding the anode conducting rod, so that the anode conducting rod can smoothly enter a clamping area of the anode clamping mechanism.

Further, the anode replacing device also comprises a bus lifting motor, a small clamping cylinder, a small clamping telescopic rod, an electric wrench clamping plate and a supporting plate, wherein the bottom end of the small clamping cylinder and the top end of the small clamping telescopic rod are connected below the transverse moving crane through a connecting rod, the small clamping telescopic rod is arranged outside the small clamping cylinder, the bottom end of the small clamping telescopic rod is connected with the supporting plate, the top end of a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder is connected on the top surface of the supporting plate, the bus lifting motor is connected below the transverse moving crane through the connecting rod, an output shaft of the bus lifting motor is connected with an electric wrench transmission shaft, the electric wrench transmission shaft comprises a fixed rod, a sliding rod and an electric wrench sleeve, the top end of the fixed rod is connected with the lifting motor, a sliding hole is arranged in the fixed rod, the sliding rod is connected in the sliding hole in a sliding, an electric wrench sleeve is connected at the lower end of a sliding rod, the electric wrench sleeve penetrates through a supporting plate, an air cylinder is connected between the electric wrench sleeve and the supporting plate, an electric wrench clamping plate is connected on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, the electric wrench clamping plate is connected on the side of the electric wrench sleeve, a clamping opening is arranged at the lower end of the electric wrench clamping plate, a bus is connected at the rear side of an anode conducting rod, two bus hooks are arranged, the two bus hooks are respectively connected on the left side and the right side of the anode conducting rod, the two bus hooks extend out of the anode conducting rod, a small joint card is connected on the two bus hooks and is used for connecting the bus and the anode conducting rod, the small joint card comprises an upper arm, a lower arm, an upper supporting block, a lower supporting block, a connecting rod and a screw rod, one end of the lower arm is connected with one end of, go up the vaulting block and pass through the screw rod with lower vaulting block and connect, electric wrench sleeve lower extreme is connected on the screw rod, and electric wrench cardboard lower extreme bayonet coupling is on the connecting rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following application numbers: CN201620476760.4, name: real standard generating line lift system's of aluminium electroloysis emulation utility model patent connects generating line lifting motor in closing card cylinder top for a short time, and generating line lifting motor no longer follows and closes the ascending or decline of card cylinder for a short time, has alleviateed the load that closes the card cylinder for a short time, and stability in use for the improve equipment, sliding hole cross sectional shape and slide bar cross sectional shape are the polygon, like the rectangle, make the requirement that the setting up of electric wrench transmission shaft satisfied the high lift satisfied the rotation requirement again.

Further, the aluminum package aluminum discharging device comprises an aluminum package, a water cylinder, an aluminum absorption pipeline and a siphon assembly, wherein the aluminum package comprises a lower shell, an upper shell and an aluminum absorption connecting pipe, the lower shell and the upper shell are connected together through bolts and nuts, the aluminum absorption connecting pipe is connected to the side surface of the upper shell, the aluminum absorption pipeline is connected to the outside of the aluminum package, the aluminum absorption pipeline is connected to the aluminum absorption connecting pipe, the water cylinder is connected to the inside of the aluminum package, the water cylinder comprises a water inlet and a siphon port, the water inlet is connected to the side surface of the water cylinder, the water inlet is connected with the water absorption connecting pipe, a quick-plugging connector is connected between the water absorption connecting pipe and the water inlet, the water absorption connecting pipe is connected to the aluminum absorption connecting pipe and the aluminum absorption pipeline, the siphon assembly is connected to the top surface of the upper shell, the siphon assembly comprises an ejector, an air valve and an air compressor connecting pipe, the ejector comprises, the other end of the air valve is connected with an air compressor, the other end of the air compressor connecting pipe is connected with the air compressor, the siphon port is formed in the top surface of the water cylinder, the siphon port is connected with an air connecting pipe, one end of the air connecting pipe is connected to the siphon port, and the other end of the air connecting pipe is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector.

Furthermore, a water outlet is arranged on the water vat, the water outlet is arranged on the bottom surface of the water vat, a water drainage connecting pipe is connected to the water outlet, a quick-plugging connector is connected between the water drainage connecting pipe and the water vat, the water drainage connecting pipe penetrates through the lower shell, and the other end of the water drainage connecting pipe is connected with a water drainage valve.

Furthermore, a water cylinder bracket is arranged in the lower shell, and the water cylinder is connected to the water cylinder bracket; the top surface of the upper shell is connected with a connecting head, the air connecting pipe is connected to the lower end of the connecting head, and the low-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector is connected to the upper end of the connecting head; the siphon component comprises a silencer, and the silencer is connected to the fluid outlet of the ejector.

Furthermore, the water vat is made of transparent glass, and the side surfaces of the lower shell and the upper shell are made of transparent organic glass.

This device is unanimous basically in the outward appearance with actual aluminium electroloysis package, the biggest difference lies in replacing high temperature aluminium liquid with the clear water and accomplishes the operation, mainly utilize the ejector to inject into gas from high pressure fluid entry and can form the effect of managing to find time from fluid outlet exhaust gas in-process to the low pressure fluid entry, thereby make the inside vacuum that forms of water jar, thereby make the water inlet take over to inhale the water jar with the clear water through absorbing water, and the setting of aluminium absorption pipeline only is the effect of emulation aluminium package outward appearance, the takeover that absorbs water adopts quick connector to connect, loading and unloading are convenient, no harmful gas and dust pollution, also can not produce strong magnetic field and high temperature danger, the proportional reduction has been carried out on the volume, inner structure has simplified, danger greatly reduced. Carry out the drainage through drainage takeover and drainage valve, need not to take out the jar again when needing the drainage, improve the convenience in use. The height of the water vat is increased by the water vat bracket, so that the water vat is convenient to observe, and the arrangement of the integrated parts on the bottom surface of the water vat is convenient. The connecting head plays a role in fixing the ejector and communicating the ejector and the water tank. The muffler mainly has the function of sound attenuation.

An operation method of an aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system comprises the following steps:

s1, replacing the anode conducting rod:

s1-1, operating the transverse moving crane and the longitudinal moving crane to move the anode clamping mechanism to be right above the anode conducting rod to be replaced;

s1-2, operating the clamping cylinder to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder to extend out, and opening two clamping plates;

s1-3, starting the anode lifting motor to enable the anode lifting guide rod to drive the anode clamping mechanism to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor when the clamping mechanism descends to the upper end of the anode conducting rod;

s1-4, starting the clamping cylinder to enable the two piston rods of the clamping cylinder to retract, closing the two clamping plates, and connecting the convex points on the two clamping plates into the clamping holes;

s1-5, starting the small clamping cylinder to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder to extend out, enabling a small clamping telescopic rod to extend, enabling the supporting plate to descend, enabling a transmission shaft of the electric wrench to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of a clamping plate of the electric wrench to be connected to a small clamping connecting rod, and enabling the lower end of a sleeve of the electric wrench to be connected to a screw rod of the small clamping;

s1-6, starting the electric wrench motor to rotate the electric wrench transmission shaft, driving the screw rod of the small closing clamp to rotate by the electric wrench sleeve, loosening the anode conducting rod by the small closing clamp, and stopping the electric wrench motor from rotating;

s1-7, starting the small clamping cylinder to enable the piston rod of the small clamping cylinder to extend and retract, retracting the small clamping telescopic rod, and lifting the supporting plate;

s1-8, starting the anode lifting motor to enable the anode lifting guide rod to drive the anode clamping mechanism to lift, the anode clamping mechanism clamps the anode conducting rod to lift, and the anode lifting motor is stopped after the lower end of the anode conducting rod is completely pulled out;

s1-9, operating the transverse moving trolley and the longitudinal moving trolley to move the anode conducting rod to a fixed position;

s1-10, starting an anode lifting motor to enable an anode lifting guide rod to drive an anode clamping mechanism to descend, enabling the anode clamping mechanism to clamp an anode conducting rod to descend, starting a clamping cylinder to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder to extend out after the anode conducting rod descends in place, starting two clamping plates, enabling protruding points on the two clamping plates to leave clamping holes, and enabling the anode conducting rod to fall down;

s1-11, starting the anode lifting motor to enable the anode lifting guide rod to drive the anode clamping mechanism to lift;

s1-12, operating the transverse moving trolley and the longitudinal moving trolley to move the anode clamping mechanism to be right above the new anode conducting rod;

s1-13, starting the anode lifting motor to make the anode lifting guide rod drive the anode clamping mechanism to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor when the clamping mechanism descends to the upper end of a new anode conducting rod;

s1-14, starting the clamping cylinder to enable the two piston rods of the clamping cylinder to retract, closing the two clamping plates, and connecting the convex points on the two clamping plates to the clamping holes of the new anode conducting rod;

s1-15, starting the anode lifting motor to enable the anode lifting guide rod to drive the anode clamping mechanism to lift, and enabling the anode clamping mechanism to clamp a new anode conducting rod to lift;

s1-16, operating the transverse moving crane and the longitudinal moving crane to move the new anode conducting rod to be right above the position of the taken anode conducting rod;

s1-17, starting the anode lifting motor to enable the anode lifting guide rod to drive the anode clamping mechanism to descend, clamping the anode conducting rod by the clamping mechanism to descend, and inserting the anode conducting rod into the position of the taken anode conducting rod;

s1-18, starting the small clamping cylinder to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder to extend out, enabling a small clamping telescopic rod to extend, enabling the supporting plate to descend, enabling a transmission shaft of the electric wrench to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of a clamping plate of the electric wrench to be connected to a small clamping connecting rod, and enabling the lower end of a sleeve of the electric wrench to be connected to a screw rod of the small clamping;

s1-19, starting the electric wrench motor to rotate the electric wrench transmission shaft, driving the screw rod of the small closing card to rotate by the electric wrench sleeve, tightly locking the anode conducting rod by the small closing card, and stopping the electric wrench motor from rotating;

s1-20, starting the small clamping cylinder to extend and retract the piston rod of the small clamping cylinder, retracting the small clamping telescopic rod and lifting the supporting plate;

s1-21, starting the clamping cylinder to enable the two piston rods of the clamping cylinder to extend out, starting the two clamping plates, and enabling the convex points on the two clamping plates to leave the clamping holes;

s1-22, starting the anode lifting motor to make the anode lifting guide rod drive the anode clamping mechanism to lift, and completing the replacement of the anode conducting rod;

when the clamping plate is used to clamp the anode conducting rod in the steps S1-4 and S1-14, the operation may be performed in such a way that the protruding point is not ready to be connected to the clamping hole due to inaccurate height reduction of the anode clamping mechanism, and if the protruding point is not ready to be connected to the clamping hole, the anode lifting motor is operated again to correct the height of the clamping mechanism according to the actual condition that the anode conducting rod is clamped by the clamping plate, so that the protruding point is connected to the clamping hole smoothly.

S2, the aluminum-clad aluminum-out device simulates the aluminum-out operation:

s2-1, taking a clean water basin to replace aluminum liquid, and putting the clean water basin into an aluminum electrolysis cell;

s2-2, connecting the water absorption connecting pipe to the clean water;

s2-3, opening an air valve;

s2-4, starting the air compressor connected with the air compressor connecting pipe;

s2-5, operating the air compressor, enabling compressed air to flow in from the high-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector and flow out from the fluid outlet, and vacuumizing the low-pressure fluid inlet, so as to enable the interior of the water tank to be vacuumized;

s2-6, forming vacuum inside the water tank, and enabling the water suction connecting pipe to suck clear water into the water tank to finish simulating aluminum;

s2-7, after the simulation of aluminum is finished, closing an air compressor connecting pipe and closing an air valve;

s2-8, when the clean water in the water tank needs to be discharged, the water discharging valve is opened to discharge the water.

Aluminium package goes out aluminium device and simulates out no harmful gas and dust pollution among the aluminium operation process, dangerous greatly reduced can be convenient, teach directly perceivedly, show and promote the learning effect, improve the teaching quality, independent come out relevant technology and be of value to using repeatedly and student's technical ability training operation in teaching process, operation process goes on at normal atmospheric temperature, misoperation can not cause the raw materials extravagant moreover, can not cause the incident more, make student's training operating cost greatly reduced, operation process factor of safety is high.

Although the invention is not designed completely according to industrial field, the invention is also consistent with the actual process operation in consideration of teaching requirements.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the aluminum electrolytic cell comprises an aluminum electrolytic cell, an anode replacing device and an aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device, wherein a cathode carbon block is arranged in the aluminum electrolytic cell and connected to the bottom of the aluminum electrolytic cell, an aluminum electrolytic cell ledge, an anode carbon block, an anode steel claw, a bus and an anode conducting rod are arranged in the aluminum electrolytic cell, the anode steel claw is connected to the top end of the anode carbon block, the anode conducting rod is connected to the top end of the anode steel claw, the bus is connected to the anode conducting rod, a bus hook is arranged on the bus, a small clamp is connected to the bus hook, the anode conducting rod is connected between the small clamp and the bus, a bus connecting belt is connected to the bus, one end of a pneumatic pipeline is communicated with a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder, the other end of; the anode replacing device is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device is arranged on the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell. The whole system of the invention simplifies the structure, reduces the cost, improves the strength and the service life, and highlights the skill training requirement of students. The operation process is carried out at normal temperature, the system can be repeatedly used for many times without considering the restriction factors of the actual production site, the raw material waste is avoided, the heat loss is avoided by changing the electrodes for many times, and no electromagnetic field or smoke pollution exists in the operation process. The aluminium package goes out the aluminium device and mainly utilizes the ejector to jet into gas from the high pressure fluid entry and can form the effect of managing to find time from fluid outlet exhaust gas in-process to low pressure fluid entry, thereby make the inside vacuum that forms of water jar, thereby make the water inlet take over the water tank of inhaling with the clear water suction through the takeover that absorbs water, and the setting of inhaling the aluminium pipeline is only for the effect of emulation aluminium package outward appearance, the takeover that absorbs water adopts quick connector to connect, loading and unloading are convenient, no harmful gas and dust pollution, also can not produce strong magnetic field and high temperature danger, the proportion has been carried out in the volume and has been reduced, inner structure has simplified, dangerous greatly reduced. There is not harmful gas and dust pollution in the operation process, dangerous greatly reduced can be conveniently, teaching directly perceivedly, is showing and promotes the learning effect, improves the teaching quality, independently comes out relevant technology and is of value to repeatedly using and student's technical ability training operation in teaching process, and the operation process goes on at normal atmospheric temperature, and misoperation can not cause the raw materials extravagant moreover, more can not cause the incident, makes student's training operating cost greatly reduced, and operation process factor of safety is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the anode exchanging apparatus according to the present invention in use;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the clamping state structure of the anode clamping mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the anode clamping mechanism in a non-clamping state according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the anode clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an aluminum clad structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the pipe connection at the water vat of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the gas flow during the operation of the aluminum ladle of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a plurality of aluminum reduction cells according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an aluminum electrolysis cell; 2. a cathode carbon block; 3. an anode carbon block; 4. an anode steel claw; 5. a bus hook; 6. the ledge of the aluminum electrolytic cell; 7. a bus bar; 8. a bus connecting belt; 9. a small card is closed; 10. a bus lifting motor; 11. a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder; 12. a pneumatic line; 13. a storage bin; 14. a crust breaking and blanking mechanism; 15. an anode conductive rod; 1501. a clamping hole; 16. transversely moving the travelling crane; 17. longitudinally moving the travelling crane; 18. a running track; 19. an anode lifting motor; 20. an anode lifting guide rod; 21. an anode clamping mechanism; 2101. a clamping cylinder; 2102. a splint; 21021. a raised point; 21022. notching; 2103. connecting blocks; 2104, U-shaped limiting plate; 2105. an anode rod limiting plate; 22. an anode lifting loop bar; 23. a gear; 24. a rack; 25. an electric wrench motor; 26. a small clamping cylinder; 27. a small clamping telescopic rod; 28. a transmission shaft of the electric wrench; 2801. fixing the rod; 2802. a slide hole; 2803. a slide bar; 2804. an electric wrench socket; 29. an electric wrench clamping plate; 30. a support plate; 31. aluminum cladding; 3101. a lower case; 3102. an upper shell; 3103. aluminum suction connecting pipes; 32. a water vat; 3201. a water inlet; 3202. a water outlet; 3203. a siphon mouth; 33. an air connection pipe; 34. a water absorption connecting pipe; 35. a drainage pipe connection; 36. a drain valve; 37. an aluminum absorption pipeline; 38. a siphon assembly; 39. a water vat bracket; 40. a connector; 41. an ejector; 42. an air valve; 43. an air compressor connecting pipe; 44. a muffler.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system comprises an aluminum electrolysis cell 1, an anode replacing device and an aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device, wherein a cathode carbon block 2 is arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell 1, the cathode carbon block 2 is connected to the bottom of the aluminum electrolysis cell 1, an aluminum electrolysis cell ledge 6 is arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell 1, the aluminum electrolysis cell ledge 6 is arranged on two sides of the bottom of the aluminum electrolysis cell 1, an anode carbon block 3, an anode steel claw 4, a bus 7 and an anode conducting rod 15 are arranged in the aluminum electrolysis cell 1, the anode steel claw 4 is connected to the top end of the anode carbon block 3, the anode conducting rod 15 is connected to the top end of the anode steel claw 4, the bus 7 is connected to the anode conducting rod 15, a bus hook 5 is arranged on the bus 7, a small combined clamp 9 is connected to the bus hook 5, the anode conducting rod 15 is connected between the small combined clamp 9 and the, a bus lifting motor 10 is connected to the fixed frame, the bus lifting motor 10 is connected with a bus 7, a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder 11 and a pneumatic pipeline 12 are further connected to the fixed frame, one end of the pneumatic pipeline 12 is communicated with the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder 11, the other end of the pneumatic pipeline 12 is connected with an air compressor, and the lower end of the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder 11 is connected with a crust breaking and blanking mechanism 14; the anode replacing device is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell 1 and comprises a transverse moving travelling crane 16, a longitudinal moving travelling crane 17 and a travelling crane rail 18, wherein the travelling crane rail 18 is connected between the front beam and the rear beam of a classroom, the longitudinal moving travelling crane 17 is movably connected on the travelling crane rail 18, and the transverse moving travelling crane 16 is movably connected on the longitudinal moving travelling crane 17; the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device is arranged on the side of the aluminum electrolytic cell 1.

The invention adopts metal material to support the aluminum electrolytic cell 1 with a structure similar to the actual aluminum electrolytic production structure, and carries out micro-shrinkage, layout and design according to the actual situation of an industrial field based on the prebaked aluminum electrolytic cell widely used in industry. The system can realize the anode replacement of practical training operation, can carry out the teaching demonstration system of the practical training operation of lifting the mother and the video playing in the tank, can carry out the aluminum outlet system of the practical training operation, and can display the structure under the tank containing the tank process. Generally, each electrolytic cell is about 4.6 meters long, about 2 meters wide and about 1.5 meters high, so that the details of each part can be shown in detail, and the practical training operation beside the cell is facilitated for students. In addition, a plurality of rows of aluminum reduction cells 1 can be arranged in the teacher according to the actual situation, as shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the aluminum reduction cells.

A multi-path pneumatic driving pipeline 12 is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell 1 and is finally connected to a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder 11, more pneumatic elements, valves and the like are arranged on an actual electrolytic cell in an industrial field, the operation time of a crust breaking and blanking mechanism 14 is simplified in the model, and a P L C control system controls an electromagnetic valve to complete the operation in a fixed blanking period.

The whole aluminum electrolytic cell 1 completely shows the main components of the industrial field electrolytic cell, the cathode carbon block 2 is made of steel, and the anode carbon block 3, the anode steel claw 4 and the anode conducting rod 15 are also made of steel.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the anode replacing device comprises an anode lifting motor 19, an anode lifting guide rod 20, an anode clamping mechanism 21 and an anode lifting loop bar 22, wherein a traveling rail 18 is connected between the front and rear beams of a classroom, a longitudinal moving traveling vehicle 17 is movably connected on the traveling rail 18, a transverse moving traveling vehicle 16 is movably connected on the longitudinal moving traveling vehicle 17, the lower end of the transverse moving traveling vehicle 16 is connected with the anode lifting loop bar 22, the anode lifting guide rod 20 is connected in the anode lifting loop bar 22 in a sliding manner, the top end of the anode lifting guide rod 20 is connected with a rack 24, the top of the outer side of the anode lifting loop bar 22 is connected with an anode lifting motor 19, the output shaft of the anode lifting motor 19 passes through the outer wall of the anode lifting loop bar 22, the output shaft of the anode lifting motor 19 is connected with a gear 23, the gear, the anode clamping mechanism 21 is connected to the bottom end of the anode lifting guide rod 20, and the bottom end of the anode clamping mechanism 21 is connected to the top end of the anode conducting rod 15. The anode clamping mechanism 21 comprises clamping cylinders 2101 and clamping plates 2102, the clamping plates 2102 are provided with two clamping plates, the two clamping plates 2102 are connected to the left side and the right side of an anode lifting guide rod 20 respectively, the top ends of the two clamping plates 2102 are connected to the side face of the anode lifting guide rod 20 in a rotating mode through pin shafts, the two clamping plates 2102 are symmetrical, the cylinder 2101 is connected between the two clamping plates 2102, the cylinder 2101 is a thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinder, the cylinder 2101 is provided with two piston rods, the two piston rods are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the cylinder 2101 respectively, the two piston rods of the cylinder 2101 are connected with connecting blocks 2103 respectively, the two clamping plates 2102 are provided with notches 21022 respectively, the notches 21022 are waist grooves, the notches 21022 are arranged along the length direction of the clamping plates, the two connecting blocks 2103 are connected to the two clamping plates 2102 in a rotating mode through pin shafts respectively, the. The top of the anode conducting rod 15 is provided with a clamping hole 1501, the clamping hole 1501 penetrates through the anode conducting rod 15, the inner sides of the bottoms of the two clamping plates 2102 are respectively provided with a convex point 21021, and the two convex points 21021 are respectively connected with the two ends of the clamping hole 1501; the anode clamping mechanism 21 comprises a U-shaped limiting plate 604, a bottom plate of the U-shaped limiting plate 604 is connected to the rear side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod 20, and two side plates of the U-shaped limiting plate 604 are respectively provided with the outer sides of two clamping plates 2102; the anode clamping mechanism 21 comprises an anode rod limiting plate 605, the anode rod limiting plate 605 is connected to the front side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod 20, the bottom end of the anode rod limiting plate 605 is lower than the bottom ends of the two clamping plates 2102, and the anode rod limiting plate 605 is connected to the side face of the anode conducting rod 15. The anode replacing device also comprises a bus lifting motor 25, a small clamping cylinder 26, a small clamping telescopic rod 27, an electric wrench clamping plate 29 and a support plate 30, the bottom end of the small clamping cylinder 26 and the top end of the small clamping telescopic rod 27 are connected below the transverse moving crane 16 through a connecting rod, the small clamping telescopic rod 27 is arranged outside the small clamping cylinder 26, the bottom end of the small clamping telescopic rod 27 is connected with the support plate 30, the top end of a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder 26 is connected on the top surface of the support plate 30, the bus lifting motor 25 is connected below the transverse moving crane 16 through the connecting rod, an electric wrench transmission shaft 28 is connected on an output shaft of the bus lifting motor 25, the electric wrench transmission shaft 28 comprises a fixed rod 2801, a sliding rod 2803 and an electric wrench sleeve 2804, the top end of the fixed rod 2801 is connected with the lifting motor 25, a sliding hole 2802 is arranged in the fixed rod 2801, the, the cross-sectional shape of the sliding hole 2802 and the cross-sectional shape of the sliding rod 2803 are polygonal, the electric wrench socket 2804 is connected to the lower end of the sliding rod 2803, the electric wrench socket 2804 passes through the support plate 30, an air cylinder is connected between the electric wrench socket 2804 and the support plate 30, the electric wrench clamp 29 is connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 30, the electric wrench clamp 29 is connected to the side of the electric wrench socket 2804, the lower end of the electric wrench clamp 29 is provided with a bayonet, a bus 7 is connected to the rear side of the anode conducting rod 15, two bus hooks 5 are provided, the two bus hooks 5 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the anode conducting rod 15, the two bus hooks 5 extend out of the anode conducting rod 15, a small combined card 16 is connected to the two bus hooks 5, the small combined card 16 is used for connecting the bus 7 and the anode conducting rod 15, the small combined card 16 comprises an upper arm, underarm and upper arm all can rotate around the connecting rod, and the other end of upper arm is connected with the kicker, and the other end of underarm is connected with down the kicker, goes up the kicker and passes through the screw rod with lower kicker and connect, and electric wrench sleeve 2804 lower extreme is connected on the screw rod, and electric wrench cardboard 29 lower extreme bayonet coupling is on the connecting rod.

Considering the space condition of classrooms in universities and colleges, a multifunctional crown block on an industrial site cannot be directly placed in the whole space, so that the multifunctional crown block on the industrial site is simulated by using the transverse moving travelling crane 16, the longitudinal moving travelling crane 17 and the travelling crane rail 18, the anode lifting motor 19 controls the lifting of the anode lifting guide rod 20 and the anode clamping mechanism 21, the clamping and lifting of the anode are realized, the anode replacing process is simulated, the anode lifting motor 19 rotates to drive the gear 23 to rotate, the gear 23 rotates to drive the rack 24 to ascend or descend, and the anode clamping mechanism 21 and the anode conducting rod 15 are ascended or descended.

The cylinder 2101 is a thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinder, two piston rods of the cylinder 2101 extend or retract simultaneously by operating the cylinder 2101, namely, the opening or closing can be realized, the top end of an anode conducting rod 15 is clamped by the lower end of a clamping plate 2102 by using an anode rod 10, the piston rod of the cylinder 2101 does not block when extending or retracting due to the arrangement of a connecting block 2103, and when the piston rod of the cylinder 2101 extends or retracts, the connecting block 2103 rotates relative to the clamping plate 2102 so as to adapt to the angle change between the piston rod of the cylinder 2101 and the clamping plate 2102 when the piston rod of the cylinder 2101 extends or retracts. Simple and convenient use and reasonable structural design, and can realize the clamping of the anode conducting rod 15 without manual operation.

It should be noted that, in addition to using the thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinder, the cylinder 2101 may use a common single-head unidirectional thin cylinder, and when using the single-head unidirectional thin cylinder, the bottom of the cylinder 2101 and the piston rod of the cylinder 2101 are connected to the two connecting blocks 2103, but using the single-head unidirectional thin cylinder easily causes that one of the two clamping plates 2102 is not smoothly opened, and the adjustment needs to be performed during the assembly.

The clamping holes 1501 and the raised points 21021 are arranged so that the clamping plate 2102 can clamp the anode conductive rod 15 more firmly and reliably.

The U-shaped limiting plate 2104 is used for limiting the opening of the two clamping plates 2102, the use is convenient, and the use stability of the device is improved.

The anode rod limit plate 2105 guides the anode conducting rod 15, so that the anode conducting rod 15 can enter the clamping area of the anode clamping mechanism 21 more smoothly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following application numbers: CN201620476760.4, name: real standard generating line lift system's of aluminium electroloysis emulation utility model patent connects generating line lift motor 25 in closing card cylinder 26 for a short time top, and generating line lift motor 26 no longer follows and closes card cylinder 26 for a short time and rise or descend, has alleviateed the load that closes card cylinder 26 for a short time, and stability in use for the improve equipment, sliding hole 2802 cross-sectional shape and slide bar 2803 cross-sectional shape are the polygon, like the rectangle, make the requirement that the setting up of electric wrench transmission shaft 28 satisfied the high lift satisfied the rotation requirement again.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device comprises an aluminum package 31, a water cylinder 32, an aluminum absorbing pipe 37 and a siphon assembly 38, wherein the aluminum package 31 comprises a lower shell 3101, an upper shell 3102 and an aluminum absorbing connecting pipe 3103, the lower shell 3101 is connected with the upper shell 3102 through bolts and nuts, the aluminum absorbing connecting pipe 3103 is connected with the side surface of the upper shell 3102, the aluminum absorbing pipe 37 is connected with the outside of the aluminum package 31, the aluminum absorbing pipe 37 is connected with the aluminum absorbing connecting pipe 3103, the water cylinder 32 is connected with the inside of the aluminum package 31, the water cylinder 32 comprises a water inlet 201 and a siphon port 203, the water inlet 201 is connected with the side surface of the water cylinder 32, the water inlet 201 is connected with the aluminum absorbing connecting pipe 34, a quick-connection joint is connected between the water inlet 34 and the water inlet 201, the water absorbing connecting pipe 34 is connected with the aluminum absorbing pipe 3103 and the aluminum absorbing pipe 37, the siphon assembly 38 is connected with, the ejector 41 comprises a high-pressure fluid inlet, a low-pressure fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, one end of an air valve 42 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector 41, an air compressor connecting pipe 43 is connected to the other end of the air valve 42, the other end of the air compressor connecting pipe 43 is connected with an air compressor, a siphon port 203 is arranged on the top surface of the water cylinder 32, an air connecting pipe 33 is connected to the siphon port 203, one end of the air connecting pipe 33 is connected to the siphon port 203, and the other end of the air connecting pipe 33 is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the. The water vat 32 is provided with a water outlet 202, the water outlet 202 is arranged on the bottom surface of the water vat 32, the water outlet 202 is connected with a water discharge connecting pipe 35, a quick connector is connected between the water discharge connecting pipe 35 and the water vat 32, the water discharge connecting pipe 35 penetrates through the lower shell 3101, and the other end of the water discharge connecting pipe 35 is connected with a water discharge valve 36. A water cylinder bracket 39 is arranged in the lower shell 3101, and the water cylinder 32 is connected to the water cylinder bracket 39; the top surface of the upper shell 3102 is connected with a connector 40, the air connecting pipe 33 is connected with the lower end of the connector 40, and the low-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector 41 is connected with the upper end of the connector 40; the siphon assembly 38 includes a muffler 44, and the muffler 44 is connected to the fluid outlet of the eductor 41. The water jar 32 is made of transparent glass, and the side surfaces of the lower shell 3101 and the upper shell 3102 are made of transparent organic glass.

This device is basically the same in the outward appearance with actual aluminium electroloysis package, the biggest difference lies in replacing high temperature aluminium liquid with the clear water and accomplishing the operation, mainly utilize ejector 41 to inject into gas from the high pressure fluid entry and can form the effect of managing to find time to the low pressure fluid entry from the fluid outlet exhaust gas in-process, thereby make the inside vacuum that forms of water jar 32, thereby make water inlet 3201 inhale water jar 32 with the clear water through the takeover 34 that absorbs water, and the setting of aluminium absorption pipeline 37 only is the effect of emulation aluminium package outward appearance, the takeover 34 that absorbs water adopts quick connector to connect, the loading and unloading is convenient, no harmful gas and dust pollution, can not produce high magnetic field and high temperature danger yet, the proportion has been reduced on the volume, inner structure has simplified, danger greatly reduced. The water is drained through the drainage connecting pipe 35 and the drainage valve 36, and the water tank 32 does not need to be taken out when drainage is needed, so that the use convenience is improved. The height of the water jar 32 is increased by the water jar bracket 39, so that the water jar 32 is convenient to observe, and the arrangement of the integrated parts on the bottom surface of the water jar 32 is convenient. The connector 40 serves to fix the injector 41 and to communicate the injector 41 with the water tank 32. The muffler 44 mainly performs a sound-deadening function.

The invention relates to an operation method of an aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system, which comprises the following steps:

s1, replacing the anode conducting rod 15:

s1-1, operating the transverse moving trolley 16 and the longitudinal moving trolley 17 to move the anode clamping mechanism 21 to be right above the anode conducting rod 15 to be replaced;

s1-2, operating the clamping cylinder 2101 to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder 2101 to extend out, and opening two clamping plates 2102;

s1-3, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor 19 when the clamping mechanism 21 descends to the upper end of the anode conducting rod 15;

s1-4, starting the clamping air cylinder 2101 to enable the two piston rods of the clamping air cylinder 2101 to retract, the two clamping plates 2102 are closed, and the protruding points 21021 on the two clamping plates 2102 are connected into the clamping holes 1501;

s1-5, starting the small clamping cylinder 26 to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder 26 to extend out, enabling the small clamping telescopic rod 27 to extend, enabling the supporting plate 30 to descend, enabling the electric wrench transmission shaft 28 to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of the electric wrench clamping plate 29 to be connected to a connecting rod of the small clamping plate 9, and enabling the lower end of the electric wrench sleeve 2804 to be connected to a screw of the small clamping plate 9;

s1-6, starting the electric wrench motor 25 to enable the electric wrench transmission shaft 28 to rotate, enabling the electric wrench socket 2804 to drive the screw of the small clamp 9 to rotate, enabling the small clamp 9 to loosen the anode conducting rod 15, and stopping the electric wrench motor 25 from rotating;

s1-7, starting the small closing clamping cylinder 26 to enable the piston rod of the small closing clamping cylinder 26 to extend and retract, retracting the small closing clamping telescopic rod 27 and lifting the supporting plate 30;

s1-8, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 520 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to lift, the anode clamping mechanism 21 clamps the anode conducting rod 15 to lift, and stopping the anode lifting motor 19 after the lower end of the anode conducting rod 15 is completely pulled out;

s1-9, operating the transverse moving trolley 16 and the longitudinal moving trolley 17 to move the anode conducting rod 15 to a fixed position;

s1-10, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to descend, enabling the anode clamping mechanism 21 to clamp the anode conducting rod 15 to descend, starting the clamping cylinder 2101 to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder 2101 to extend out after the anode conducting rod 15 descends in place, starting the two clamping plates 2102, enabling the convex points 21021 on the two clamping plates 2102 to leave the clamping holes 1501, and enabling the anode conducting rod 15 to fall;

s1-11, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to ascend;

s1-12, operating the transverse moving trolley 6 and the longitudinal moving trolley 17 to move the anode clamping mechanism 21 to be right above the new anode conducting rod 15;

s1-13, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor 19 when the clamping mechanism 21 descends to the upper end of a new anode conducting rod 15;

s1-14, starting the clamping cylinder 2101 to make the two piston rods of the clamping cylinder 2101 retract, the two clamping plates 2102 are closed, and the protruding points 21021 on the two clamping plates 2102 are connected to the clamping holes 1501 of the new anode conducting rod 15;

s1-15, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to lift, and the anode clamping mechanism 21 clamps a new anode conducting rod 15 to lift;

s1-16, operating the transverse moving trolley 16 and the longitudinal moving trolley 17 to move the new anode conducting rod 15 to the position right above the position of the taken anode conducting rod 15;

s1-17, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to enable the anode lifting guide rod 20 to drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to descend, enabling the clamping mechanism 21 to clamp the anode conducting rod 15 to descend, and using the position where the anode conducting rod 15 is inserted into the taken anode conducting rod 15;

s1-18, starting the small clamping cylinder 26 to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder 26 to extend out, enabling the small clamping telescopic rod 27 to extend, enabling the supporting plate 30 to descend, enabling the electric wrench transmission shaft 28 to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of the electric wrench clamping plate 29 to be connected to a connecting rod of the small clamping plate 9, and enabling the lower end of the electric wrench sleeve 2804 to be connected to a screw of the small clamping plate 9;

s1-19, starting the electric wrench motor 25 to enable the electric wrench transmission shaft 28 to rotate, enabling the electric wrench socket 2804 to drive the screw of the small clamp 9 to rotate, enabling the small clamp 9 to lock the anode conducting rod 15, and stopping the electric wrench motor 25 from rotating;

s1-20, starting the small closing clamping cylinder 26 to enable the piston rod of the small closing clamping cylinder 26 to extend and retract, retracting the small closing clamping telescopic rod 27 and lifting the supporting plate 30;

s1-21, starting the clamping air cylinder 2101 to enable two piston rods of the clamping air cylinder 2101 to extend, opening two clamping plates 2102, and enabling the protruding points 21021 on the two clamping plates 2102 to leave the clamping holes 1501;

s1-22, starting the anode lifting motor 19 to make the anode lifting guide rod 20 drive the anode clamping mechanism 21 to ascend, and finishing the replacement of the anode conducting rod 15;

s2, the aluminum-clad aluminum-out device simulates the aluminum-out operation:

s2-1, taking a clean water basin to replace aluminum liquid, and putting the clean water basin into the aluminum electrolytic cell 1;

s2-2, connecting the water absorption connecting pipe 34 to the clean water;

s2-3, opening the air valve 42;

s2-4, starting the air compressor connected with the air compressor connecting pipe 43;

s2-5, the air compressor works, the compressed air flows in from the high-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector 41 and flows out from the fluid outlet, and the low-pressure fluid inlet is vacuumized, so that the inside of the water cylinder 32 is vacuumized;

s2-6, forming vacuum inside the water tank 32, so that the water suction connecting pipe 34 sucks clear water into the water tank 32, and simulating aluminum is completed;

s2-7, after the simulation of aluminum is finished, closing the air compressor connecting pipe 43 and closing the air valve 42;

s2-8, when the clear water in the water tank 32 needs to be discharged, the water discharge valve 36 is opened to discharge the water.

When the anode conductive rod 15 is clamped by the clamping plate 2102 in the steps S1-4 and S1-14, the anode clamping mechanism 21 may be lowered to a position where the protruding points 21021 are not accurately ready to be connected to the clamping holes 1501, and if the anode clamping mechanism 21 is lowered to a position where the protruding points 21021 are not accurately ready to be connected to the clamping holes 1501, the anode lifting motor 19 may be operated again to correct the height of the clamping mechanism 21 according to the actual condition that the anode conductive rod 15 is clamped by the clamping plate 2102, so that the protruding points 21021 are smoothly connected to the clamping holes 1501.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system is characterized in that: comprises an aluminum cell (1), an anode replacing device and an aluminum cladding aluminum discharging device, wherein a cathode carbon block (2) is arranged in the aluminum cell (1), the cathode carbon block (2) is connected to the bottom of the aluminum cell (1), an aluminum cell ledge (6) is arranged in the aluminum cell (1), the aluminum cell ledge (6) is arranged on two sides of the bottom of the aluminum cell (1), an anode carbon block (3), an anode steel claw (4), a bus (7) and an anode conducting rod (15) are arranged in the aluminum cell (1), the anode steel claw (4) is connected to the top end of the anode carbon block (3), the anode conducting rod (15) is connected to the top end of the anode steel claw (4), the bus (7) is connected to the anode conducting rod (15), a bus hook (5) is arranged on the bus (7), a small closing clamp (9) is connected to the bus hook (5), and the anode conducting rod (15) is connected between the small closing clamp (9), a bus connecting belt (8) is connected to the bus (7), a fixed frame is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell (1), a bus lifting motor (10) is connected to the fixed frame, the bus lifting motor (10) is connected to the bus (7), a crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder (11) and a pneumatic pipeline (12) are further connected to the fixed frame, one end of the pneumatic pipeline (12) is communicated with the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder (11), the other end of the pneumatic pipeline (12) is connected to an air compressor, and a crust breaking and blanking mechanism (14) is connected to the lower end of the crust breaking and blanking driving cylinder (11); the anode replacing device is arranged above the aluminum electrolytic cell (1), and comprises a transverse moving travelling crane (16), a longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) and a travelling crane rail (18), wherein the travelling crane rail (18) is connected between a front beam and a rear beam of a classroom, the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) is movably connected on the travelling crane rail (18), and the transverse moving travelling crane (16) is movably connected on the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17); the aluminum-coated aluminum discharging device is arranged on the side of the aluminum electrolytic tank (1).

2. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anode replacing device comprises an anode lifting motor (19), an anode lifting guide rod (20), an anode clamping mechanism (21) and an anode lifting sleeve rod (22), a travelling crane track (18) is connected between a front beam and a rear beam of a classroom, a longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) is movably connected onto the travelling crane track (18), a transverse moving travelling crane (16) is movably connected onto the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17), the lower end of the transverse moving travelling crane (16) is connected with the anode lifting sleeve rod (22), the anode lifting guide rod (20) is slidably connected into the anode lifting sleeve rod (22), the top end of the anode lifting guide rod (20) is connected with a rack (24), the top of the outer side of the anode lifting sleeve rod (22) is connected with the anode lifting motor (19), the output shaft of the anode lifting motor (19) penetrates through the outer wall of the anode lifting sleeve rod (22), and the output shaft of the anode lifting, the gear (23) is arranged inside the anode lifting sleeve rod (22), the gear (23) is meshed with the rack (24), the anode clamping mechanism (21) is connected to the bottom end of the anode lifting guide rod (20), and the bottom end of the anode clamping mechanism (21) is connected to the top end of the anode conducting rod (15).

3. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anode clamping mechanism (21) comprises clamping cylinders (2101) and clamping plates (2102), wherein the two clamping plates (2102) are arranged, the two clamping plates (2102) are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of an anode lifting guide rod (20), the top ends of the two clamping plates (2102) are respectively connected to the side of the anode lifting guide rod (20) through pin shafts in a rotating mode, the two clamping plates (2102) are symmetrical, the cylinders (2101) are connected between the two clamping plates (2102), the cylinders (2101) are thin double-head double-rod bidirectional cylinders, the cylinders (2101) are provided with two piston rods, the two piston rods are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the cylinders (2101), the two piston rods of the cylinders (2101) are respectively connected with connecting blocks (2103), the two clamping plates (2102) are respectively provided with a slot (21022), the slot (21022) is a waist slot, the slot (21022) is arranged along the length direction of the clamping plates (2102), the two connecting blocks, two connecting blocks (2103) are respectively connected in a continuous notch (21022) in a rotating way, and the top end of the anode conducting rod (15) is clamped between two clamping plates (2102).

4. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top of the anode conducting rod (15) is provided with a clamping hole (1501), the clamping hole (1501) penetrates through the anode conducting rod (15), the inner sides of the bottoms of the two clamping plates (2102) are respectively provided with a protruding point (21021), and the two protruding points (21021) are respectively connected to the two ends of the clamping hole (1501); the anode clamping mechanism (21) comprises a U-shaped limiting plate (604), a bottom plate of the U-shaped limiting plate (604) is connected to the rear side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod (20), and two side plates of the U-shaped limiting plate (604) are respectively arranged on the outer sides of two clamping plates (2102); the anode clamping mechanism (21) comprises an anode rod limiting plate (605), the anode rod limiting plate (605) is connected to the front side of the bottom of the anode lifting guide rod (20), the bottom end of the anode rod limiting plate (605) is lower than the bottom ends of the two clamping plates (2102), and the anode rod limiting plate (605) is connected to the side face of the anode conducting rod (15).

5. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: the anode replacing device also comprises a bus lifting motor (25), a small clamping cylinder (26), a small clamping telescopic rod (27), an electric wrench clamping plate (29) and a support plate (30), wherein the bottom end of the small clamping cylinder (26) and the top end of the small clamping telescopic rod (27) are connected below the transverse moving crane (16) through a connecting rod, the small clamping telescopic rod (27) is arranged outside the small clamping cylinder (26), the bottom end of the small clamping telescopic rod (27) is connected with the support plate (30), the top end of a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder (26) is connected on the top surface of the support plate (30), the bus lifting motor (25) is connected below the transverse moving crane (16) through the connecting rod, an electric wrench transmission shaft (28) is connected on an output shaft of the bus lifting motor (25), the electric wrench transmission shaft (28) comprises a fixed rod (2801), a sliding rod (2803) and an electric wrench sleeve (2804), the top end of a fixed rod (2801) is connected with a lifting motor (25), a sliding hole (2802) is arranged in the fixed rod (2801), a sliding rod (2803) is connected in the sliding hole (2802) in a sliding mode, the cross section of the sliding hole (2802) and the cross section of the sliding rod (2803) are polygonal, an electric wrench sleeve (2804) is connected to the lower end of the sliding rod (2803), the electric wrench sleeve (2804) penetrates through a support plate (30), an air cylinder is connected between the electric wrench sleeve (2804) and the support plate (30), an electric wrench clamping plate (29) is connected to the bottom surface of the support plate (30), the electric wrench clamping plate (29) is connected to the side of the electric wrench sleeve (2804), a clamping opening is arranged at the lower end of the electric wrench clamping plate (29), a bus (7) is connected to the rear side of an anode conducting rod (15), two bus hooks (5) are arranged, the two bus, two generating line couple (5) stretch out positive pole conducting rod (15), close card (16) for a short time and connect on two generating line couple (5), close card (16) for a short time and be used for connecting generating line (7) and positive pole conducting rod (15), close card (16) for a short time including the upper arm, the underarm, go up the kicking block, the kicking block down, connecting rod and screw rod, the connecting rod is passed through to the one end of underarm and the one end of upper arm and is connected, underarm and upper arm all can rotate around the connecting rod, the other end of upper arm is connected with the kicking block, the other end of underarm is connected with the kicking block down, go up the kicking block and pass through the screw rod with the kicking block down and connect, electric spanner sleeve (2804.

6. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum-clad aluminum discharging device comprises an aluminum clad (31), a water tank (32), an aluminum absorption pipeline (37) and a siphon assembly (38), wherein the aluminum clad (31) comprises a lower shell (3101), an upper shell (3102) and an aluminum absorption connecting pipe (3103), the lower shell (3101) is connected with the upper shell (3102) through bolts and nuts, the aluminum absorption connecting pipe (3103) is connected with the side surface of the upper shell (3102), the aluminum absorption pipeline (37) is connected with the outside of the aluminum clad (31), the aluminum absorption pipeline (37) is connected with the aluminum absorption connecting pipe (3103), the water tank (32) is connected with the inside of the aluminum clad (31), the water tank (32) comprises a water inlet (201) and a siphon port (203), the water inlet (201) is connected with the side surface of the water tank (32), the water absorption connecting pipe (34) is connected with the water inlet (201), a quick-connection joint is connected between the water absorption connecting pipe (34) and the water inlet (201), the water absorption connecting pipe (34) is connected with the aluminum absorption connecting pipe (310, siphon subassembly (38) is connected on upper casing (3102) top surface, siphon subassembly (38) is including ejector (41), air valve (42) and air compressor machine takeover (43), ejector (41) are including high-pressure fluid inlet, low-pressure fluid inlet and fluid outlet, air valve (42) one end is connected on ejector (41) high-pressure fluid inlet, air compressor machine takeover (43) are connected at the air valve (42) other end, air compressor machine takeover (43) other end is connected with the air compressor machine, siphon mouth (203) are established on water jar (32) top surface, be connected with air takeover (33) on siphon mouth (203), siphon mouth (33) one end is connected on siphon mouth (203), air takeover (33) other end is connected on the low-pressure fluid inlet of ejector (41).

7. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water tank (32) is provided with a water outlet (202), the water outlet (202) is arranged on the bottom surface of the water tank (32), the water outlet (202) is connected with a water drainage connecting pipe (35), a quick connector is connected between the water drainage connecting pipe (35) and the water tank (32), the water drainage connecting pipe (35) penetrates through the lower shell (3101), and the other end of the water drainage connecting pipe (35) is connected with a water drainage valve (36).

8. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: a water cylinder bracket (39) is arranged in the lower shell (3101), and the water cylinder (32) is connected to the water cylinder bracket (39); the top surface of the upper shell (3102) is connected with a connecting head (40), the air connecting pipe (33) is connected with the lower end of the connecting head (40), and the low-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector (41) is connected with the upper end of the connecting head (40); the siphon assembly (38) comprises a silencer (44), and the silencer (44) is connected to the fluid outlet of the ejector (41).

9. The aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operating system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: the water vat (32) is made of transparent glass, and the side surfaces of the lower shell (3101) and the upper shell (3102) are made of transparent organic glass.

10. An operation method of an aluminum electrolysis simulation practical training operation system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, replacing the anode conducting rod (15):

s1-1, operating the transverse moving travelling crane (16) and the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) to move the anode clamping mechanism (21) to be directly above the anode conducting rod (15) to be replaced;

s1-2, operating the clamping cylinder (2101) to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder (2101) to extend, and opening two clamping plates (2102);

s1-3, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor (19) when the clamping mechanism (21) descends to the upper end of the anode conducting rod (15);

s1-4, starting the clamping air cylinder (2101) to enable the two piston rods of the clamping air cylinder (2101) to retract, closing the two clamping plates (2102), and connecting the convex points (21021) on the two clamping plates (2102) into the clamping holes (1501);

s1-5, starting the small clamping cylinder (26) to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder (26) to extend out, enabling a small clamping telescopic rod (27) to extend, enabling the supporting plate (30) to descend, enabling a transmission shaft (28) of the electric wrench to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of a clamping plate (29) of the electric wrench to be connected to a connecting rod of the small clamping plate (9), and enabling the lower end of a sleeve (2804) of the electric wrench to be connected to a screw rod of the small clamping plate (9);

s1-6, starting the electric wrench motor (25), enabling the electric wrench transmission shaft (28) to rotate, enabling the electric wrench sleeve (2804) to drive the screw rod of the small closing clamp (9) to rotate, enabling the small closing clamp (9) to loosen the anode conducting rod (15), and stopping the electric wrench motor (25) from rotating;

s1-7, starting the small clamping cylinder (26) to extend and retract the piston rod of the small clamping cylinder (26), retracting the small clamping telescopic rod (27), and lifting the support plate (30);

s1-8, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (520) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to lift, enabling the anode clamping mechanism (21) to clamp the anode conducting rod (15) to lift, and stopping the anode lifting motor (19) after the lower end of the anode conducting rod (15) is completely pulled out;

s1-9, operating the transverse moving travelling crane (16) and the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) to move the anode conducting rod (15) to a fixed position;

s1-10, starting an anode lifting motor (19) to enable an anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive an anode clamping mechanism (21) to descend, enabling the anode clamping mechanism (21) to clamp an anode conducting rod (15) to descend, starting a clamping cylinder (2101) to enable two piston rods of the clamping cylinder (2101) to extend out after the anode conducting rod (15) descends to a proper position, starting two clamping plates (2102), enabling a protruding point (21021) on the two clamping plates (2102) to leave a clamping hole (1501), and enabling the anode conducting rod (15) to fall;

s1-11, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to ascend;

s1-12, operating the transverse moving crane (6) and the longitudinal moving crane (17) to move the anode clamping mechanism (21) to be right above the new anode conducting rod (15);

s1-13, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to descend, and stopping the anode lifting motor (19) when the clamping mechanism (21) descends to the upper end of a new anode conducting rod (15);

s1-14, starting the clamping air cylinder (2101) to enable the two piston rods of the clamping air cylinder (2101) to retract, closing the two clamping plates (2102), and connecting the protruding points (21021) on the two clamping plates (2102) into the clamping holes (1501) of the new anode conducting rod (15);

s1-15, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to lift, and the anode clamping mechanism (21) clamps a new anode conducting rod (15) to lift;

s1-16, operating the transverse moving travelling crane (16) and the longitudinal moving travelling crane (17) to move the new anode conducting rod (15) to be right above the position of the taken anode conducting rod (15);

s1-17, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to descend, clamping the anode conducting rod (15) by the clamping mechanism (21) to descend, and inserting the anode conducting rod (15) into the position of the taken anode conducting rod (15);

s1-18, starting the small clamping cylinder (26) to enable a piston rod of the small clamping cylinder (26) to extend out, enabling a small clamping telescopic rod (27) to extend, enabling the supporting plate (30) to descend, enabling a transmission shaft (28) of the electric wrench to extend, enabling a bayonet at the lower end of a clamping plate (29) of the electric wrench to be connected to a connecting rod of the small clamping plate (9), and enabling the lower end of a sleeve (2804) of the electric wrench to be connected to a screw rod of the small clamping plate (9);

s1-19, starting the electric wrench motor (25), enabling the electric wrench transmission shaft (28) to rotate, enabling the electric wrench sleeve (2804) to drive the screw rod of the small closing clamp (9) to rotate, enabling the small closing clamp (9) to lock the anode conducting rod (15), and stopping the electric wrench motor (25) from rotating;

s1-20, starting the small clamping cylinder (26) to extend and retract the piston rod of the small clamping cylinder (26), retracting the small clamping telescopic rod (27), and lifting the support plate (30);

s1-21, starting the clamping air cylinder (2101) to enable two piston rods of the clamping air cylinder (2101) to extend, opening two clamping plates (2102), and enabling the protruding points (21021) on the two clamping plates (2102) to leave the clamping holes (1501);

s1-22, starting the anode lifting motor (19) to enable the anode lifting guide rod (20) to drive the anode clamping mechanism (21) to ascend, and finishing the replacement of the anode conducting rod (15);

s2, the aluminum-clad aluminum-out device simulates the aluminum-out operation:

s2-1, taking a clean water basin to replace aluminum liquid, and putting the clean water basin into the aluminum electrolysis cell (1);

s2-2, connecting the water absorption connecting pipe (34) in the clear water;

s2-3, opening an air valve (42);

s2-4, starting the air compressor connected with the air compressor connecting pipe (43);

s2-5, the air compressor works, compressed air flows in from the high-pressure fluid inlet of the ejector (41) and flows out from the fluid outlet, and the low-pressure fluid inlet is vacuumized, so that the inside of the water tank (32) is vacuumized;

s2-6, forming vacuum inside the water tank (32), and enabling the water suction connecting pipe (34) to suck clean water into the water tank (32) to finish simulating aluminum;

s2-7, after the simulation of aluminum is finished, closing an air compressor connecting pipe (43) and closing an air valve (42);

s2-8, when the clear water in the water tank (32) needs to be discharged, the water discharge valve (36) is opened to discharge the water.