CN111508294A - Low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method and system - Google Patents
Low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111508294A CN111508294A CN202010451890.3A CN202010451890A CN111508294A CN 111508294 A CN111508294 A CN 111508294A CN 202010451890 A CN202010451890 A CN 202010451890A CN 111508294 A CN111508294 A CN 111508294A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of online teaching communication, in particular to a low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method and system. Based on a distributed RTC network architecture with cascade, the method comprises the following steps: s1, the teacher end sends IM signaling containing courseware ID to all student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of multi-end courseware of the student ends through signaling broadcasting, a signaling state machine and a signaling recording and broadcasting system; and S2, the student end receives the IM signaling, initiates an application to the nearby CDN edge node, and accesses the corresponding cache courseware content. The invention utilizes decentralized distributed RTC network architecture, through IM infrastructure and CDN network, constructs courseware synchronization channel mechanism of teacher end and student end, ensures that courseware content seen by student and courseware content seen by teacher are real-time synchronous, greatly reduces waiting time, avoids condition of no access, and improves experience of students in class.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of online teaching communication, in particular to a low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method and system.
Background
An online classroom, also called an online classroom, is a remote online interactive teaching system based on the internet, generally adopts audio and video transmission and data cooperation equal network transmission technologies, simulates classroom teaching environment in a real classroom, breaks the limitation of geographic space, enables teachers to give lessons to students through the network, and simulates face-to-face real-time interactive teaching activities.
The invention patent with the domestic application number of CN201911036980.X discloses a classroom interaction system, a method and a classroom tablet, belongs to the technical field of communication, and solves the problem that the existing interactive classroom does not support teachers and students across classrooms in different regions to carry out interactive class taking; because the classroom flat plates in different spaces can be connected based on the classroom interaction platform, teachers and students crossing classrooms across regions can interactively class.
However, the current mainstream interactive live broadcast scheme in the industry is that a great deal of information needs to be transmitted between a teacher end and a student end through the internet in an online classroom, so that great time delay exists, in the live broadcast interactive teaching, the experience of high time delay is intolerable, the teaching activities of the teacher cannot be smoothly carried out, the classroom rhythm in the classroom is influenced, meanwhile, a plurality of students, especially students in remote areas, have unstable network conditions and small bandwidth, and the problem is more serious, so that the phenomenon of unfairness of education is caused.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a low-latency, low-bandwidth and high-stability online live broadcasting teaching method and system, so that the system can stably operate at low network speed and high concurrency, and implement one-to-many real-time voice interaction, synchronous courseware material teaching, and classroom teaching activities such as sign-in, voting, answering, roll calling, answering and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method and a system.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method is based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture and comprises the following steps:
s1, the teacher end sends IM signaling containing courseware ID to all student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of multi-end courseware of the student ends through signaling broadcasting, a signaling state machine and a signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and S2, the student end receives the IM signaling, initiates an application to the nearby CDN edge node, and accesses the corresponding cache courseware content.
Preferably, in this embodiment, step S1 includes:
and S0, converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to a CDN source station for storage, and distributing the online courseware to CDN edge nodes.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, when the teacher' S end performs a control operation on the online courseware in step S1:
s1.1a, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, uploads an operation instruction and records;
and S1.2a, broadcasting through an IM channel and sending an IM signaling to an online student terminal.
Preferably, in step S1, when the teacher end performs recording and broadcasting operation on the online courseware:
s1.1b, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, and uploads a recording and broadcasting instruction;
s1.2b, recording the operation action of each step at the teacher end through a KV signaling state machine, and converting to generate a conversion action corresponding to a time node;
and S1.3b, recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence, and completing signaling recording and storing.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the KV signaling state machine adds a key/value structure to a traditional IM technical architecture for storing current state information of the online courseware, where the current state information includes a courseware ID at a current time, current page content at the current time, a courseware annotation position at the current time, and a content ID at the current time.
A low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching system is based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture and comprises:
the operation module is used for the teacher end to send the IM signaling containing the courseware ID to all the student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of the courseware at the student ends through the signaling broadcast, the signaling state machine and the signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and the access module is used for receiving the IM signaling by the student end, initiating an application to the nearby CDN edge node and accessing the corresponding cache courseware content.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the operation module includes:
and the initialization module is used for converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to the CDN source station for storage and distributing the online courseware to the CDN edge node.
Preferably, in the operation module, when the teacher end performs control operation on the online courseware:
the control operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware, upload operation instructions and record;
and the broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting and sending the IM signaling to the online student end through the IM channel.
Preferably, in the operation module, when a teacher end performs recording and broadcasting operation on the online courseware:
the recording and broadcasting operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware and upload a recording and broadcasting instruction;
the conversion recording unit is used for recording the operation action of each step of the teacher end through the KV signaling state machine and converting and generating the conversion action of the corresponding time node;
and the recording and broadcasting storage unit is used for recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence to finish the recording and broadcasting of the signaling and store the signaling.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the KV signaling state machine adds a key/value structure to a traditional IM technical architecture for storing current state information of the online courseware, where the current state information includes a courseware ID at a current time, current page content at the current time, a courseware annotation position at the current time, and a content ID at the current time.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps that a decentralized distributed RTC network architecture is utilized, courseware synchronization channel mechanisms of a teacher end and a student end are constructed through an IM infrastructure and a CDN network, courseware IDs which are being taught by the teacher end are sent to all the student ends through an IM channel, the IM channel is a long-connected and always-on channel, the courseware IDs are sent from the teacher end to the student ends at a high speed, the probability of message loss is low, and the reliability is very high.
2. By means of a distributed node deployment framework of the CDN, the terminal user is allowed to pull the online courseware from the nearby CDN node, so that the page loading speed of the terminal user is guaranteed, the cached online courseware is accessed from the nearby CDN edge node, the obtaining speed is high, the waiting time is greatly reduced, the condition that the access cannot be achieved due to the problems of network congestion, small bandwidth and the like is avoided, and the class experience of students is improved.
3. A key/value structure is added to a traditional IM (instant messaging) technical framework of the KV state machine and used for storing the current state of an online classroom and ensuring that a terminal user can synchronize the progress state of the whole classroom at the first time after entering the classroom at any time. The signaling recording and broadcasting function records all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of step S1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the recording and playing operation of step S1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control operation in the operating module of the system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of recording and playing operation in the system operation module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained by means of specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the method is a low-latency, low-bandwidth, and high-stability online live broadcast teaching method, and is based on a distributed RTC network architecture with cascade connection. By utilizing a decentralized distributed RTC network architecture, courseware synchronization channel mechanisms of a teacher end and a student end are constructed through an IM infrastructure and a CDN network, and courseware content seen by students and courseware content seen by teachers are guaranteed to be synchronized in real time. The cached online courseware is accessed from the CDN edge node, even if the online courseware is relatively large static content such as PPT, audio, video and the like, the online courseware can be accessed quickly by the method, the waiting time is greatly reduced, the condition that the online courseware cannot be accessed due to the problems of network congestion, small bandwidth and the like is avoided, and the class experience of students is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, a technical schematic diagram of the present invention is shown, a Real-time audio and video technology (Real-time communication) is used to create low-delay classroom voice interaction, and complete basic links such as basic classroom question answering, question asking, reciting, reporting and the like, and a Real reduction online teaching scene, in the traditional live broadcasting, CDN is used to push streams to complete live broadcasting, but in this way, a technical mechanism theoretically generally has a delay of more than 3 seconds, in a classroom teaching scene requiring strong interaction, the delay effect is further amplified, and problems such as delay, noise, echo and the like occur in sound, so that Real-time voice interaction cannot be normally used, a teacher and students in a large class of live broadcasting interact with each other to answer questions and report, experience is very poor or even unavailable, and a latest RTC technology is adopted, and an intelligent dynamic routing and L mill algorithm are combined, so that voice interaction delay in teaching is controlled within 800ms, and high-quality internet packet loss and smooth adaptation of students in a high-environment are ensured.
As shown in fig. 3-5, which are flowcharts of the method of the present invention, a low-latency, low-bandwidth, and high-stability online live-broadcast teaching method is based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture, and includes the following steps:
s1, the teacher end sends IM signaling containing courseware ID to all student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of multi-end courseware of the student ends through signaling broadcasting, a signaling state machine and a signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and S2, the student end receives the IM signaling, initiates an application to the nearby CDN edge node, and accesses the corresponding cache courseware content.
In this embodiment, when a teacher operates a courseware (page up and down, document annotation, audio/video playing/pausing, etc.) online, the system records an operation signaling in real time, and broadcasts the operation signaling to all online students in a classroom in real time through a low-latency IM technology (network latency is generally less than 200 milliseconds). And after receiving the IM signaling, the student end plays back the local signaling in real time and keeps real-time synchronization with the courseware of the teacher end. Because IM (instant messaging) is an instant communication system, highly reliable signaling data can be transmitted in real time only by basic network bandwidth, which effectively ensures the real-time performance and reliability of the on-line classroom teacher-side and student-side courseware on the same screen.
Further, the step S1 includes, before the step,:
and S0, converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to a CDN source station for storage, and distributing the online courseware to CDN edge nodes. And converting the local courseware into the online courseware, and distributing the online courseware to the CDN network node. By means of a distributed node deployment architecture of the CDN, the terminal user is allowed to pull the online document from the nearby CDN node, and therefore the page loading speed of the terminal user is guaranteed. In the scheme, the terminal user can smoothly open the online document only by extremely low network bandwidth (more than 200 Kbps), and the total flow of the required network is almost equal to the actual size of one courseware document. In addition, because the source documents are opened by the terminal user, the definition of the documents is zero loss, and therefore the watching experience of the terminal user can be effectively guaranteed.
Further, the IM signaling system comprises three parts of signaling operation, KV signaling state machine and signaling recording and broadcasting. The signaling operation part defines the operation functions of all online courseware, such as document page turning up and down, document annotation, audio/video playing/pausing and the like. The KV signaling state machine is an important means in the present invention.
The KV signaling state machine is characterized in that a key/value structure is added on a traditional IM (instant messaging) technical framework and used for storing the current state information of the on-line courseware, and the current state information comprises a courseware ID at the current moment, the current page content at the current moment, a courseware annotation position at the current moment, the content ID at the current moment and the like.
When the teacher end performs a control operation on the online courseware in the step S1:
s1.1a, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, uploads an operation instruction and records;
and S1.2a, broadcasting through an IM channel and sending an IM signaling to an online student terminal.
When the teacher end performs recording and broadcasting operation on the online courseware in the step S1:
s1.1b, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, and uploads a recording and broadcasting instruction;
s1.2b, recording the operation action of each step at the teacher end through a KV signaling state machine, and converting to generate a conversion action corresponding to a time node;
and S1.3b, recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence, and completing signaling recording and storing.
The KV signaling state machine records all intermediate process states from starting to finishing of a class and conversion actions among the intermediate process states, adds a key/value structure body on a traditional IM technical framework, is used for storing the current state (class ID, current page, document annotation position, content ID and the like) of an online class, and can be used for ensuring that a terminal user can synchronize the progress state of the whole class in the first time after entering the class at any time. The signaling recording and broadcasting function records all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence. For example, at 35 seconds after the start of the class, the teacher opens a PPT class, and the signaling recording function adds a record separated by a vertical line, such as: 00:00:35|001|100123| open |1|1, wherein:
the first separation segment 00:00:35 describes the relative time of the initiation of the action.
The second compartment 001 describes the type of action (here a PPT document operation type).
The third partition 100123 describes an enforcement agent (here, a courseware ID).
The fourth compartment open describes the action of the subject (opening courseware).
The fifth compartment 1 describes the attributes of the real-time body (here 1 represents the first page of the document)
The sixth compartment 1 describes an active dispensing switch (here 1 represents dispensing to all end users).
Through the combination of the signaling recorded broadcast record and the signaling recorded broadcast player, the classroom content can be reviewed in the whole course at any time after the classroom is finished, and the whole class-taking process is highly restored. The principle of classroom restoration: after the recorded broadcast is started, the player starts a second-level timer, and the timer executes the responding signaling action at the relative time point according to each record of the signaling recorded broadcast.
Example two
The system according to the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6-8, a low-latency, low-bandwidth, and high-stability online live-broadcast teaching system based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture includes:
the operation module is used for the teacher end to send the IM signaling containing the courseware ID to all the student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of the courseware at the student ends through the signaling broadcast, the signaling state machine and the signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and the access module is used for receiving the IM signaling by the student end, initiating an application to the nearby CDN edge node and accessing the corresponding cache courseware content.
Further, the operation module comprises:
and the initialization module is used for converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to the CDN source station for storage and distributing the online courseware to the CDN edge node.
Further, when the teacher end performs control operation on the online courseware in the operation module:
the control operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware, upload operation instructions and record;
and the broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting and sending the IM signaling to the online student end through the IM channel.
Further, when the teacher end performs recording and broadcasting operation on the online courseware in the operation module:
the recording and broadcasting operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware and upload a recording and broadcasting instruction;
the conversion recording unit is used for recording the operation action of each step of the teacher end through the KV signaling state machine and converting and generating the conversion action of the corresponding time node;
and the recording and broadcasting storage unit is used for recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence to finish the recording and broadcasting of the signaling and store the signaling.
Further, the KV signaling state machine adds a key/value structure to the traditional IM technical architecture for storing the current state information of the online courseware, where the current state information includes a courseware ID at the current time, current page content at the current time, a courseware annotation position at the current time, and a content ID at the current time.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention are all described in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching method is based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the teacher end sends IM signaling containing courseware ID to all student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of multi-end courseware of the student ends through signaling broadcasting, a signaling state machine and a signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and S2, the student end receives the IM signaling, initiates an application to the nearby CDN edge node, and accesses the corresponding cache courseware content.
2. The method for low-latency low-bandwidth high-stability online live education according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is preceded by:
and S0, converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to a CDN source station for storage, and distributing the online courseware to CDN edge nodes.
3. The on-line live teaching method with low delay, low bandwidth and high stability as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the teacher end performs the control operation on the on-line courseware in step S1:
s1.1a, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, uploads an operation instruction and records;
and S1.2a, broadcasting through an IM channel and sending an IM signaling to an online student terminal.
4. The method for on-line live teaching with low delay, low bandwidth and high stability as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the teacher end performs recording and playing operation on the on-line courseware in step S1:
s1.1b, a teacher accesses and opens the online courseware, and uploads a recording and broadcasting instruction;
s1.2b, recording the operation action of each step at the teacher end through a KV signaling state machine, and converting to generate a conversion action corresponding to a time node;
and S1.3b, recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence, and completing signaling recording and storing.
5. The low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcasting teaching method according to claim 4, wherein the KV signaling state machine adds a key/value structure to a traditional IM technology architecture for storing current state information of the online courseware, and the current state information includes a courseware ID at the current time, current page content at the current time, courseware annotation position at the current time, content ID at the current time, and the like.
6. A low-delay low-bandwidth high-stability online live broadcast teaching system is based on a distributed cascaded RTC network architecture and is characterized by comprising the following components:
the operation module is used for the teacher end to send the IM signaling containing the courseware ID to all the student ends through the IM channel, wherein the teacher end realizes the same screen and/or online recording and broadcasting of the courseware at the student ends through the signaling broadcast, the signaling state machine and the signaling recording and broadcasting system;
and the access module is used for receiving the issued IM signaling by the student end, initiating an application to the nearby CDN edge node and accessing the corresponding cache courseware content.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the operation module comprises:
and the initialization module is used for converting the local courseware into online courseware, uploading the online courseware to the CDN source station for storage and distributing the online courseware to the CDN edge node.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein when the teacher end performs control operation on the on-line courseware, the operation module:
the control operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware, upload operation instructions and record;
and the broadcasting unit is used for broadcasting and sending the IM signaling to the online student end through the IM channel.
9. The system of claim 3, wherein when the teacher end performs recording and playing operation on the online courseware, the operation module:
the recording and broadcasting operation unit is used for the teacher end to access and open the online courseware and upload a recording and broadcasting instruction;
the conversion recording unit is used for recording the operation action of each step of the teacher end through the KV signaling state machine and converting and generating the conversion action of the corresponding time node;
and the recording and broadcasting storage unit is used for recording all trigger actions and state conversion of the KV signaling state according to the relative time sequence to finish the recording and broadcasting of the signaling and store the signaling.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the KV signaling state machine adds a key/value structure to a traditional IM technology architecture for storing current state information of the online courseware, and the current state information includes a courseware ID at a current time, a current page content at the current time, a courseware annotation position at the current time, and a content ID at the current time.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112019927A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-01 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Video live broadcast method, microphone connecting equipment, RTC media server and main broadcast equipment |
| CN112291498A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 新东方教育科技集团有限公司 | Audio and video data transmission method and device and storage medium |
| CN112533007A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-19 | 湖南新云网科技有限公司 | Network live broadcast method, system, terminal device and storage medium |
| CN112533007B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2023-03-10 | 湖南新云网科技有限公司 | Network live broadcast method, system, terminal device and storage medium |
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