CN111506677B - Method and device for generating urban built-up area range - Google Patents
Method and device for generating urban built-up area range Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for generating a range of an urban built-up area, relates to the technical field of computers, and can solve the problem that the range of the urban built-up area cannot be automatically acquired in the prior art. The method mainly comprises the following steps: gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids; searching the number of road strips in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range; determining whether the grid belongs to an urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid; a city built area range is generated based on the grid belonging to the city built area. The method is mainly suitable for determining the range of the urban built-up area based on the range of the urban administrative area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a method and a device for generating a range of an urban built-up area.
Background
Urban built-up areas refer to areas within urban administrative areas where development and construction, municipal utilities and infrastructure are essentially in place. Urban built-up area coverage generally refers to the area that the built-up area outer contour can include, i.e. the area that the actual construction land of the city reaches. The division of the urban built-up area can reflect the scale, form and actual use condition of the urban construction land at a certain time period, and provides a foundation for analyzing the current situation of the research land, reasonably utilizing the land of the built-up area and planning the urban construction development land. And the relevant indexes (such as the density of a public transport network) of public travel can be calculated by utilizing the range of the urban built-up area, so that the electronic map is further improved by utilizing the indexes. However, no specific solution for automatically acquiring the range of the urban built-up area exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the method and the device for generating the urban built-up area range can solve the problem that the urban built-up area range cannot be automatically acquired in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of generating a range of urban built-up areas, the method comprising:
gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids;
searching the number of road strips in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
determining whether the grid belongs to an urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid;
a city built area range is generated based on the grid belonging to the city built area.
Optionally, searching the number of road strips in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range includes:
acquiring road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
adding the road data to a spatial index;
querying roads in each grid using the spatial index;
and counting the number of the searched roads in each grid to obtain the number of the roads in each grid.
Optionally, querying the roads in each grid using the spatial index includes:
acquiring a coordinate range of each grid;
and searching the roads in the coordinate range by using the spatial index.
Optionally, determining whether the grid belongs to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid comprises:
calculating the critical road number according to the road number in each grid and a preset critical road number algorithm;
and when the number of the roads in the grid is larger than the critical road number, determining that the grid belongs to the built-in area of the city.
Optionally, according to the road number in each grid and a preset critical road number algorithm, calculating the critical road number includes:
and calculating the critical road number according to the maximum road number and the minimum road number.
Optionally, calculating the critical road strip number according to the maximum road strip number and the minimum road strip number includes:
substituting the maximum road stripe number and the minimum road stripe number into a formula
And obtaining the critical road number.
Optionally, generating the urban built-up area range based on the grid belonging to the urban built-up area comprises:
and merging grids belonging to the urban built-up area to obtain the urban built-up area range.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a range of urban built-up areas, the apparatus comprising:
the gridding unit is used for gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids;
the searching unit is used for searching the road number in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
a determining unit for determining whether the grid belongs to an urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid;
a generation unit for generating a city built-up area range based on grids belonging to said city built-up area.
Optionally, the search unit includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
an adding module, configured to add the road data to a spatial index;
a query module for querying roads in each grid using the spatial index;
and the statistics module is used for counting the number of the searched roads in each grid and obtaining the number of the roads in each grid.
Optionally, the query module is configured to obtain a coordinate range of each grid; and searching the roads in the coordinate range by using the spatial index.
Optionally, the determining unit includes:
the calculating module is used for calculating the critical road number according to the road number in each grid and a preset critical road number algorithm;
and the determining module is used for determining that the grid belongs to the urban built-up area when the number of roads in the grid is larger than the critical road number.
Optionally, the calculating module is configured to calculate the critical road number according to the maximum road number and the minimum road number.
Optionally, the calculation module is configured to substitute the maximum road number and the minimum road number into a formula
And obtaining the critical road number.
Optionally, the generating unit is configured to combine grids belonging to the urban built-up area to obtain the urban built-up area range.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method of generating a range of urban built-up areas according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a range of urban built-up areas, the apparatus comprising a storage medium and a processor;
the processor is suitable for realizing each instruction;
the storage medium is suitable for storing a plurality of instructions;
the instructions are adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the method of generating a range of urban built-up areas as described in the first aspect.
By means of the technical scheme, the urban built-up area range generation method and device provided by the invention can firstly carry out gridding treatment on the existing urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids, then determine whether the grids belong to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grids, and finally generate the urban built-up area range based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, so that the whole process does not need to be manually participated, and the automatic generation of the urban built-up area range is realized.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
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Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a city administrative area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method of generating a range of urban built-up areas provided by the prior art;
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary diagram of urban administrative area coverage and road data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary map of the extent of a urban as-built area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart of another method of generating a range of urban built-up areas provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 shows a block diagram of a city built-up area range generation device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 shows a block diagram of another city build area range generation device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
For convenience of administrative management, the country divides the territory into areas with different sizes and different grades according to different factors such as politics, economy, nations, histories and the like, and each municipal area is called a municipal administration area. According to the actual construction land condition of the city, a city administrative area can be divided into a city built-up area and a city non-built-up area. Wherein the city administrative area range is a range formed by the peripheral outline of the administrative area, and the city built-up area range is a range formed by the peripheral outline of the built-up area. For example, fig. 1 is a city administrative area of a city, which is the area formed by the outermost contour in the drawing (i.e., the area formed by the solid curve), wherein the hatched area is a city built-up area, which is the area formed by the peripheral contour of the hatched area (i.e., the area formed by the broken line), and the rest is a city non-built-up area. However, although the administrative area range of each city can be automatically obtained at present, the built-up area of the city needs to be drawn manually, and the automation treatment cannot be realized, so that the efficiency is quite low. In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a range of a built-up area of a city, as shown in fig. 2, the method mainly includes:
101. the city administrative area range is gridded to obtain a plurality of grids.
Specifically, the urban administrative area range in which the urban administrative area range is required to be generated may be obtained from the storage space in which each urban administrative area range is stored, and then the urban administrative area range is gridded according to a preset grid specification (for example, 100m×100 m) to obtain a plurality of grids, so as to respectively determine whether each grid accords with the characteristics of the built-up area, that is, whether each grid is a part of the built-up area.
102. And searching the number of road strips in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range.
In an electronic map or the like application, road data describing each piece of road-related information (including coordinates) is generated. Since the urban built-up area refers to an area in which development and construction of a city, municipal utilities and public facilities have been virtually completed, the road density in the urban built-up area is greater than that in the non-built-up area, and whether or not the grid is in the urban built-up area can be determined by analyzing the road density in each grid in the range of the urban administrative area. Wherein the road density is reflected in the number of road stripes.
103. And determining whether the grid belongs to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid.
Since the road deployment situation of different cities is different, for example, the number of roads in a first-line city may be twice as large as that in a third-line city, the number of roads in a non-urban built-up area of the first-line city may be greater than that in a built-up area of the third-line city. Thus, when determining whether the corresponding mesh belongs to the urban built-up area according to the number of road strips, it is necessary to depend on the specific road deployment situation of the current city.
104. A city built area range is generated based on the grid belonging to the city built area.
After the grids belonging to the urban built-up area are obtained, they can be plotted to generate the urban built-up area range. Wherein one city administrative area range includes at least one city built-up area range.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3, after obtaining a certain urban administrative area range and road data within the urban administrative area range, the urban administrative area range may be gridded (not shown in the figure) to obtain a plurality of grids, then count the number of road strips in each grid, determine, for each grid, whether the grid belongs to an urban built-up area according to the number of road strips in the grid, and finally generate the urban built-up area range based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area (as shown in fig. 4).
It should be noted that, since the general urban administrative area ranges are all irregularly shaped, when the urban administrative area ranges are gridded according to the preset grid specification, the grids of the edge areas of the urban administrative area ranges are often smaller than the preset grid specification, but even if the grids of the edge areas are outwards expanded to the grids identical to the preset grid specification, the number of roads of the current city contained in the expanded grids is unchanged, so that the grids of the edge areas which do not meet the preset grid specification have no influence on the drawing of the urban built-up area range.
The method for generating the urban built-up area range provided by the embodiment of the invention can firstly carry out gridding treatment on the existing urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids, then determine whether the grids belong to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grids, and finally generate the urban built-up area range based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, so that the whole process does not need to be manually participated, and the automatic generation of the urban built-up area range is realized.
Further, according to the method shown in fig. 1, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for generating a range of urban built-up areas, as shown in fig. 5, the method mainly includes:
201. the city administrative area range is gridded to obtain a plurality of grids.
202. And acquiring road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range.
The road data is described with a city name, so that the road data belonging to the current city can be found out from a large amount of road data directly according to the city name in the road data.
203. The road data is added to a spatial index.
Since the city administrative area range and the road data are two independent data, after dividing the city administrative area range into a plurality of grids, each grid has no road information, and the grids and the road data need to be matched to find the roads contained in the coordinate range of each grid. However, if all the road data is traversed for each grid, finding the roads within the coordinate range of each grid requires a lot of time, so that a data structure of efficient spatial query data can be used for quick query. For example, road data may be added to a spatial index where quick queries are made. Wherein, the spatial index refers to a data structure arranged in a certain order according to the position and shape of the spatial objects or a certain spatial relationship between the spatial objects.
It should be noted that, the step 201 is just performed before the step 204, and the sequence of the step 201 relative to the step 202 or the step 203 may not be limited.
204. The spatial index is used to query the roads in each grid.
After the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range is added to the spatial index, each grid can be traversed, the coordinate range of each grid is calculated, and then the spatial index is utilized to search the roads in the coordinate range. That is, a road belongs to a road within a grid as long as the coordinate range of the road has an intersection with the coordinate range of the grid.
205. And counting the number of the searched roads in each grid to obtain the number of the roads in each grid.
When counting the number of road strips of each grid, one thread can be started for sequential query, and a plurality of threads can be started for concurrent query, and the specific query means is not limited.
206. And determining whether the grid belongs to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid.
Specifically, the critical road number can be calculated according to the road number in each grid and a preset critical road number algorithm; when the number of roads in the grid is larger than the critical number of roads, determining that the grid belongs to an urban built-up area; and when the number of the roads in the grid is smaller than or equal to the critical road number, determining that the grid belongs to the urban non-built area.
When determining the critical road number of the current city, the method can directly calculate according to a preset critical road number algorithm. The preset critical road number algorithm is an algorithm which is in accordance with the actual situation and is obtained by counting the road situation of each city and the situation of the built-up area of the city. For example, the algorithm may be an expression that relates only the maximum number of road segments and the minimum number of road segments, i.e., the critical number of road segments may be calculated from the maximum number of road segments and the minimum number of road segments.
Specifically, after the number of road stripes in each grid is counted, the number of road stripes of each grid can be sorted from large to small or from small to large to obtain the maximum number of road stripes and the minimum number of road stripes. Then substituting the maximum road stripe number and the minimum road stripe number into a formula
And obtaining the critical road number.
Illustratively, if the minimum road number is 1 and the maximum road number is 11 among the road numbers included in all grids within the administrative area of a certain city, the critical road number is 2.
207. A city built area range is generated based on the grid belonging to the city built area.
After all grids belonging to the urban built-up area are acquired, these grids may be combined to obtain the urban built-up area range. In the merging process of the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, the processing can be performed by using open source software such as Geo Tools.
The method for generating the urban built-up area range provided by the embodiment of the invention not only can automatically generate the built-up area range of one city, but also can add road data into the spatial index in the process of generating the built-up area range of the city, and query roads belonging to each grid by using the spatial index instead of matching each road one by one, thereby improving the efficiency of searching the road number of each grid and further improving the efficiency of automatically generating the built-up area range of the city.
Further, according to the above method embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for generating a range of a built-on area of a city, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
a gridding unit 31 for gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids;
a searching unit 32, configured to search the number of road strips in each grid from the road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
a determining unit 33 for determining whether the grid belongs to a city built-up area according to the number of roads in the grid;
a generation unit 34 for generating a city built area range based on the grid belonging to said city built area.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the searching unit 32 includes:
the obtaining module 321 is configured to obtain road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
an adding module 322 for adding the road data to a spatial index;
a query module 323 for querying the roads in each grid using the spatial index;
and the statistics module 324 is used for counting the number of the searched roads in each grid to obtain the number of the roads in each grid.
Optionally, the query module 323 is configured to obtain a coordinate range of each grid; and searching the roads in the coordinate range by using the spatial index.
Optionally, the determining unit 33 includes:
the calculating module 331 is configured to calculate a critical road number according to the road number in each grid and a preset critical road number algorithm;
a determining module 332 is configured to determine that the grid belongs to a built-in urban area when the number of road segments in the grid is greater than the critical number of road segments.
Optionally, the calculating module 331 is configured to calculate the critical road number according to the maximum road number and the minimum road number.
Optionally, the calculating module 331 is configured to substitute the maximum road number and the minimum road number into a formula
And obtaining the critical road number.
Optionally, the generating unit 34 is configured to perform a merging process on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area to obtain the urban built-up area range.
The generating device of the urban built-up area range provided by the embodiment of the invention can firstly carry out gridding treatment on the existing urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids, then determine whether the grids belong to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grids, and finally generate the urban built-up area range based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, so that the whole process does not need to be manually participated, and the automatic generation of the urban built-up area range is realized. In addition, in the process of generating the urban built-up area range, road data are added into the spatial index, the spatial index is used for inquiring the roads belonging to each grid instead of matching each road one by one, so that the efficiency of searching the road number of each grid is improved, and the efficiency of automatically generating the urban built-up area range is further improved.
Further, according to the above embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method of generating a built-on-urban area range as described above.
The instructions stored in the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention can firstly carry out gridding treatment on the range of the existing urban administrative area to obtain a plurality of grids, then determine whether the grids belong to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grids, and finally generate the range of the urban built-up area based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, so that the whole process does not need manual participation, and the automatic generation of the range of the urban built-up area is realized. In addition, in the process of generating the urban built-up area range, road data are added into the spatial index, the spatial index is used for inquiring the roads belonging to each grid instead of matching each road one by one, so that the efficiency of searching the road number of each grid is improved, and the efficiency of automatically generating the urban built-up area range is further improved.
Further, according to the above embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for generating a range of a built-on-city area, the apparatus including a storage medium and a processor;
the processor is suitable for realizing each instruction;
the storage medium is suitable for storing a plurality of instructions;
the instructions are adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the method of generating a range of urban built-up areas as described above.
The generating device of the urban built-up area range provided by the embodiment of the invention can firstly carry out gridding treatment on the existing urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids, then determine whether the grids belong to the urban built-up area according to the number of roads in the grids, and finally generate the urban built-up area range based on the grids belonging to the urban built-up area, so that the whole process does not need to be manually participated, and the automatic generation of the urban built-up area range is realized. In addition, in the process of generating the urban built-up area range, road data are added into the spatial index, the spatial index is used for inquiring the roads belonging to each grid instead of matching each road one by one, so that the efficiency of searching the road number of each grid is improved, and the efficiency of automatically generating the urban built-up area range is further improved.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
It will be appreciated that the relevant features of the methods and apparatus described above may be referenced to one another. In addition, the "first", "second", and the like in the above embodiments are for distinguishing the embodiments, and do not represent the merits and merits of the embodiments.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other apparatus. Various general-purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for a construction of such a system is apparent from the description above. In addition, the present invention is not directed to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that the teachings of the present invention described herein may be implemented in a variety of programming languages, and the above description of specific languages is provided for disclosure of enablement and best mode of the present invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be construed as reflecting the intention that: i.e., the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more apparatuses different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component and, furthermore, they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. Any combination of all features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or units of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be used in combination, except insofar as at least some of such features and/or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
Various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in the method and apparatus for generating a range of urban built-up areas according to embodiments of the invention may be implemented in practice using a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The present invention can also be implemented as an apparatus or device program (e.g., a computer program and a computer program product) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such a program embodying the present invention may be stored on a computer readable medium, or may have the form of one or more signals. Such signals may be downloaded from an internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc. do not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names.
Claims (6)
1. A method of generating a range of urban built-up areas, the method comprising:
gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids;
acquiring road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range;
adding the road data to a spatial index; acquiring a coordinate range of each grid;
searching a road in the coordinate range by using the spatial index; counting the number of the searched roads in each grid to obtain the number of the roads in each grid;
the road number in each grid is ordered according to the order from big to small, the road number in the grid with the highest order is determined as the maximum road number, and the road number in the grid with the lowest order is determined as the minimum road number;
substituting the maximum road stripe number and the minimum road stripe number into a formula Calculating to obtain critical pathThe number of road strips; when the number of roads in the grid is larger than the critical number of roads, determining that the grid belongs to an urban built-up area;
a city built area range is generated based on the grid belonging to the city built area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a city built-up area range based on grids belonging to the city built-up area comprises:
and merging grids belonging to the urban built-up area to obtain the urban built-up area range.
3. An apparatus for generating a range of urban built-up areas, the apparatus comprising:
the gridding unit is used for gridding the urban administrative area range to obtain a plurality of grids;
the searching unit is used for acquiring road data corresponding to the urban administrative area range; adding the road data to a spatial index; acquiring a coordinate range of each grid; searching a road in the coordinate range by using the spatial index; counting the number of the searched roads in each grid to obtain the number of the roads in each grid;
a determining unit, configured to sort the number of road stripes in each grid in order from large to small, determine the number of road stripes in the grid with the forefront sorting as the maximum number of road stripes, and determine the number of road stripes in the grid with the rearmost sorting as the minimum number of road stripes; substituting the maximum road stripe number and the minimum road stripe number into a formulaCalculating to obtain the critical road number; when the number of roads in the grid is larger than the critical number of roads, determining that the grid belongs to an urban built-up area;
a generation unit for generating a city built-up area range based on grids belonging to said city built-up area.
4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the generating unit is adapted to merge the grids belonging to the urban built-up area to obtain the urban built-up area range.
5. A storage medium, characterized in that it stores a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to carry out the method of generating a range of urban built-up areas according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
6. An apparatus for generating a range of urban built-up areas, the apparatus comprising a storage medium and a processor;
the processor is suitable for realizing each instruction;
the storage medium is suitable for storing a plurality of instructions;
the instructions being adapted to be loaded by the processor and to carry out a method of generating a range of urban built-up areas according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
Priority Applications (1)
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