CN111505857A - PD L C light modulation film and light modulation glass - Google Patents
PD L C light modulation film and light modulation glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN111505857A CN111505857A CN202010315017.1A CN202010315017A CN111505857A CN 111505857 A CN111505857 A CN 111505857A CN 202010315017 A CN202010315017 A CN 202010315017A CN 111505857 A CN111505857 A CN 111505857A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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Abstract
The PD L C light adjusting film is characterized in that at least one group of interdigital electrodes is arranged on one surface of the first substrate layer close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and/or one surface of the second substrate layer close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, and the distance between liquid crystal molecules of the PD L C light adjusting film is small, a small gap is formed, and therefore certain one-way visibility is achieved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of light adjusting films, in particular to a PD L C light adjusting film and light adjusting glass.
Background art:
the Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PD L C) is a new photoelectric material developed in the 70 th of 20 th century, and is a research hotspot of researchers in recent decades, the Polymer dispersed liquid crystal has the advantages of simple preparation process, short response time, high speed, no need of a polarizing device and the like, and is gradually applied to various electronic elements such as a light valve, a grating, a light-transmitting projection screen, dimming glass and the like.
The existing PD L C dimming film is generally in the form of an upper double-sided electrode and a lower double-sided electrode, an electric field exists between the surface electrodes to drive liquid crystal molecules to rotate, the dimming mechanism of the PD L C is that liquid crystal scatters light, so the haze of the PD L C dimming film is large, even if the haze can reach more than 80% in a dark state, the measured light transmittance is still high, when sunlight irradiates on the PD L C dimming glass, the sense of human eyes is not good due to the white fog state, when the PD L C dimming film is applied to automobile glass, higher requirements are provided for the dimming film due to the fact that the privacy of the inner space of an automobile is high, the PD L C dimming film does not have the one-way visible performance at present, when the dimming glass is in the dark state, the outer side of the inner part of the automobile cannot be seen, the comfort of passengers is influenced, how to improve the one-way visible performance of the PD L C, and further improve the shading performance of the dimming glass in the dark state are important researches at present.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a PD L C light adjusting film which has certain one-way visible performance and provides light adjusting glass with low transmittance in a dark state and good light shading performance aiming at the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the PD L C light adjusting film is characterized in that one surface of the first substrate layer close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and/or one surface of the second substrate layer close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer are/is provided with at least one group of interdigital electrodes, the electrodes can be prepared on only one surface of the substrate, the material is saved, the deflection direction of liquid crystal molecules is different from that of a conventional PD L C light adjusting film, and gaps among liquid crystal molecules are larger, so that the PD L C light adjusting film has certain one-way visibility.
In one possible embodiment, the interdigital electrode comprises a first conductive strip and a second conductive strip arranged in parallel alternately, the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip are electrically connected to a first electrode and a second electrode respectively, and the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to an external power source.
In a possible implementation, the first conductive strips and the second conductive strips are strip-shaped, and have a width less than 5 μm and a thickness less than 10 μm. The size range of the conductive strips is balanced among a plurality of factors such as construction difficulty, resistance value and the like.
In one possible embodiment, the distance between adjacent first and second conductive strips is 2-30 μm. The distance between the conductive strips influences the acting force of the electric field between the conductive strips on the liquid crystal molecules under the same voltage.
In one possible embodiment, the interdigital electrode protrudes from the upper surface of the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer. The interdigital electrode with the convex surface has the advantages of simple preparation steps, easy implementation, closer distance with liquid crystal molecules and stronger electric field force.
In one possible embodiment, the upper surface of the interdigitated electrode is flush with the upper surface of the first or second substrate layer. Compare in the convex surface, the interdigital electrode of embedded in the substrate layer makes the substrate layer surface still level and smooth, and the interdigital electrode can obtain the protection of substrate layer, and stability is stronger.
The invention also provides a light modulation glass which comprises a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate which are laminated, and is characterized in that any one PD L C light modulation film is arranged between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate, and the PD L C light modulation film with the interdigital electrodes is applied to the glass to obtain the light modulation glass with certain one-way visibility.
In one possible embodiment, at least one of the first and second light-transmitting plates has a transmittance of less than 20%. The use of a dark light-transmitting material reduces the overall transmittance of the privacy glass.
In a possible implementation mode, a first bonding layer is arranged between the first light-transmitting plate and the PD L C dimming film, a second bonding layer is arranged between the second light-transmitting plate and the PD L C dimming film, and the transmittance of at least one of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer is smaller than 20%.
The invention also provides a light modulation glass which comprises a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate which are laminated, and is characterized in that two layers of any one PD L C light modulation film are arranged between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate, the electric field directions of the two layers of PD L C light modulation films are mutually vertical, two layers of PD L C light modulation films with mutually vertical electric field directions are used, the arrangement directions of liquid crystal molecules of the two layers of PD L C light modulation films are also mutually vertical when the light is electrified, and due to the dichroism of the liquid crystal, incident light with different polarizations is absorbed to a great extent after passing through the two layers of PD L C light modulation films, so that the transmittance in a working state, namely a dark state is reduced.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when only the interdigital electrode is arranged on a single-side substrate layer, the danger of leading an upper conducting layer and a lower conducting layer in the conventional PD L C light modulation film is avoided, the thickness of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer can be reduced, and the thickness of the whole PD L C light modulation film is reduced.
2. The light-adjusting glass using the PD L C light-adjusting film has certain one-way visibility, if two PD L C light-adjusting films with mutually perpendicular electric field directions are used, the liquid crystal molecule arrangement directions of the two PD L C light-adjusting films are mutually perpendicular when power is supplied, and due to the dichroism of liquid crystal, after incident light passes through the two PD L C light-adjusting films with mutually perpendicular liquid crystal molecules, an extinction phenomenon occurs, so that the transmittance in an operating state, namely a dark state is reduced.
3. The two layers of mutually perpendicular PD L C light adjusting films have small haze and good one-way visibility when a single light adjusting film is electrified, and have better shading effect when the two light adjusting films are electrified.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a film layer structure of a PD L C light modulation film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another film layer structure of PD L C light modulation film of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an interdigitated electrode of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light control glass according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of another interdigitated electrode of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of another structure of the light control glass of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the liquid crystal display comprises a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, an interdigital electrode, a first light-transmitting plate, a first bonding layer, a second light-transmitting plate, a third bonding layer, a light-adjusting film 10 and PD L C, wherein the first substrate layer is a substrate, 2, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer;
201. liquid crystal, 202, polymer;
401. a first conductive strip 402, a second conductive strip 403, a first electrode 404, and a second electrode.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
to explain technical contents, achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention provides a PD L C light modulation film, which structurally comprises a first substrate layer 1, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 2 and a second substrate layer 3 which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 2 comprises a liquid crystal 201 and a polymer 202, and the PD L C light modulation film is characterized in that one surface of the first substrate layer 1 close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 2 and/or one surface of the second substrate layer 3 close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 2 are/is provided with at least one group of interdigital electrodes 4.
Preferably, the embodiment of a single-sided substrate layer with the interdigital electrodes 4 is taken as an example, and in another embodiment, the first substrate layer 1 and the second substrate layer 3 may both be provided with the interdigital electrodes 4. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the interdigital electrode 4 includes first conductive strips 401 and second conductive strips 402 arranged in parallel in a staggered manner, the first conductive strips 401 are all led out in parallel to a first electrode 403, the second conductive strips 402 are all led out in parallel to a second electrode 404, and the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 are connected to both ends of a power supply, and thus have opposite potentials. The first conductive strips 401 and the second conductive strips 402 are not necessarily limited to parallel straight lines, as long as the distance between each two adjacent first conductive strips 401 and second conductive strips 402 is the same, and the overall dimming effect of the dimming film is uniform. The interdigital electrodes 4 divide the molecules of the liquid crystal 201 into a plurality of elongated unit areas, and the liquid crystal 201 in each unit area is deflected by an alternating potential difference.
FIG. 3 is a view of a side facing a substrate having interdigital electrode 4, liquid crystal 201 of a conventional PD L C film is deflected by a potential difference between upper and lower conductive layers of polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 2, a space plane where liquid crystal 201 is deflected is perpendicular to the plane shown in FIG. 3, and a space plane where liquid crystal 201 is deflected is the view plane of FIG. 3 under the action of interdigital electrode 4. in the present invention, a long axis of liquid crystal molecules is longer than a short axis, and a ratio of the long axis to the short axis can even reach 10: 1. a long axis of liquid crystal 201 is oriented along an electric field direction under the action of an electric field force. in a use scene of PD L C film, human eyes usually see the outside through the film at one side of the film, when liquid crystal 201 of the conventional PD L C film is deflected, a short axis of liquid crystal 201 is facing the human eye, and a gap between molecules of liquid crystal 201 in a human field of vision is larger because the short axis is smaller, light is better transmitted, so that when liquid crystal 201 of the film is visually deflected, a light shutter of the film, a window blind is more visible than when a light slit of a light on a light curtain wall facing the outside of a human eye, a window, a light curtain wall is more visible, and when a light curtain wall is viewed from a side of a window, a window is more visible light curtain wall is viewed from a light curtain wall, and a window, and a window is more visible light curtain wall is more visible.
When the scheme that the single-sided base layer is provided with the interdigital electrodes 4 is used, the liquid crystal 201 molecules are deflected on a spatial plane parallel to the conductive layers, and the electrodes are only arranged on the single-sided base layer, so that the risk of short circuit of the upper conductive layer and the lower conductive layer caused by too thin thickness in the conventional PD L C light modulation film does not need to be worried about, and the thickness of the light modulation film can be further reduced.
In another embodiment, the interdigital electrode 4 may be formed by a plurality of small interdigital electrodes, and each interdigital electrode 4 leads out two electrodes respectively and is connected with an independent power control switch, so as to implement the control in different regions.
The first substrate layer 1 and the second substrate layer 3 of the present invention are preferably PET films, and may be materials similar to those used in general applications such as PI. As shown in fig. 3-4, the first conductive strips 401 and the second conductive strips 402 are arranged in a staggered manner, and usually a transparent conductive material such as ITO is used, or a material similar to FTO in common use. In one embodiment, the interdigital electrode 4 protrudes out of the surface of the PET film, a required pattern of the interdigital electrode 4 is designed, and the interdigital electrode is prepared on the surface of the PET film by a mature coating technology such as magnetron sputtering and the like; in another embodiment, the PET film may be grooved according to the required pattern of the interdigital electrodes 4, and then the grooves may be filled with a transparent conductive material to form conductive strips, wherein the top surfaces of the conductive strips are flush with the PET film.
The size of the first conductive strips 401 and the second conductive strips 402 is determined by the requirements and practical conditions, the width of the first conductive strips 401 and the width of the second conductive strips 402 are less than 5 μm, preferably 2 μm, and the smaller the width, the denser the conductive strips are, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the deflection of the whole light adjusting film liquid crystal 201; another preferred width is 4 μm, with a modest increase in the width of the conductive strips reducing resistance. The thickness of first conductive strip 401 and second conductive strip 402 is less than 10 μm, preferably 2 μm, the smaller the thickness the less conductive material is needed; the thickness may be 5 μm or 6 μm, and the resistance may be reduced by increasing the thickness as appropriate. The distance between two adjacent first conductive strips 401 and second conductive strips 402 directly affects the driving force of the liquid crystal 201 under the same voltage, the distance between two adjacent first conductive strips 401 and second conductive strips 402 in the invention is 2-30 μm, preferably 5 μm, and also can be 6 μm, 10 μm and 20 μm, the preparation precision requirement is high when the distance is too small, the short circuit is easy to occur, and the power supply is required to have higher driving voltage.
The invention also provides a light modulation glass, which comprises a first light-transmitting plate 5, a second light-transmitting plate 8 and the PD L C light modulation film 10 arranged between the first light-transmitting plate 5 and the second light-transmitting plate 8, wherein the light modulation glass containing the PD L C light modulation film 10 can be a hollow structure or a sandwich structure, as shown in FIG. 4, the light modulation glass is a typical sandwich glass structure, in the embodiment of the sandwich glass, the PD L C light modulation film 10 is respectively combined with the first light-transmitting plate 5 and the second light-transmitting plate 8 through a first bonding layer 6 and a second bonding layer 7, the process method of the sandwich structure is a well-established process in the glass industry, the PD L C light modulation film 10 has certain one-way visibility, the light modulation glass using the PD L C light modulation film 10 also has certain one-way visibility, and the side of the glass facing outdoors or outdoors is a brighter side and the side of the glass facing indoors or indoors, so that the inside is one-way visible to the outside.
The first light-transmitting plate 5 and the second light-transmitting plate 8 are preferably made of conventional glass, and can be single-piece common glass or toughened glass, or laminated glass, or organic glass. In one embodiment, at least one of the first and second transparent plates 5 and 8 is made of a dark transparent material, and the transmittance of the transparent plate using the dark transparent material is less than 20%, and the color is usually black or gray, so as to reduce the transmittance of the entire light-adjusting glass. In another embodiment, at least one of the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 is a dark colored adhesive material having a transmittance of less than 20%, and is typically black or gray in color. In application scenes such as automobile skylights, high transmittance is not required, but transmittance in a dark state of the light control glass is required to be sufficiently low.
In the present invention, there is also provided a light control glass comprising a first light-transmitting plate 5 and a second light-transmitting plate 8 which are laminated and two layers of PD L C light control films 10 arranged between the first light-transmitting plate 5 and the second light-transmitting plate 8, in which case a third adhesive layer 9 is required for the sandwich structure, as shown in fig. 5-6, the interdigital electrodes 4 on the two layers of PD L C light control films 10 are arranged in mutually perpendicular directions, so that the directions of electric fields on the two layers of PD L C light control films 10 are mutually perpendicular, when the two layers of PD L C light control films 10 are in an operating state by applying an alternating driving voltage, the directions in which the liquid crystals 201 on the two layers of PD L C light control films 10 are deflected are also mutually perpendicular, i.e. the short axes of the liquid crystals 201 are mutually perpendicular, due to the optical rotation and the dichroism of the liquid crystals 201, a natural light beam is passed through the liquid crystal molecules 201, wherein a part of the polarized light having the same direction as the short axes of the liquid crystals 201 is attenuated, and a part of the natural light is absorbed after passing through the two layers of PD L C light of the two layers of the light control films which are mutually perpendicular to each other molecules, so that the two layers of the.
All the adhesive layers mentioned in the invention are made of organic materials used in the common laminated glass process, such as PVB, EVA, POB and the like, and the application of the adhesive materials in the glass industry is mature and is not described any more.
The process of the hollow glass is also quite mature, the light adjusting film is more easily compounded into the hollow glass, the preparation process is simple, the hollow glass is less applied to common automobiles particularly due to the thickness, curvature and the like, and the hollow glass is a better product structure in the use occasions such as building glass curtain walls and the like which are not sensitive to the thickness.
The above description is intended to provide preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and variations, modifications, additions and substitutions which can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The PD L C light modulation film structurally comprises a first substrate layer (1), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (2) and a second substrate layer (3) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (2) comprises liquid crystals (201) and polymers (202), and the PD L C light modulation film is characterized in that one surface, close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (2), of the first substrate layer (1) and/or one surface, close to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (2), of the second substrate layer (3) is provided with at least one group of interdigital electrodes (4).
2. A PD L C light modulation film according to claim 1, wherein said interdigital electrode (4) comprises a first conductive strip (401) and a second conductive strip (402) arranged in parallel and alternately, said first conductive strip (401) and said second conductive strip (402) are electrically connected to a first electrode (403) and a second electrode (404), respectively, said first electrode (403) and said second electrode (404) are electrically connected to an external power source.
3. A PD L C light adjusting film according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first conductive strips (401) and the second conductive strips (402) are strip-shaped, and have a width less than 5 μm and a thickness less than 10 μm.
4. A PD L C light adjusting film according to claim 2, characterized in that, the distance between adjacent first conductive strips (401) and second conductive strips (402) is 2-30 μm.
5. A PD L C light modulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that said interdigitated electrodes (4) protrude from the upper surface of the first (1) or second (3) substrate layer.
6. A PD L C light modulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that the interdigital electrodes (4) have their upper surfaces flush with the upper surface of the first (1) or second (3) substrate layer.
7. A light control glass comprising a first transparent plate (5) and a second transparent plate (8) which are laminated, characterized in that a PD L C light control film (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is arranged between the first transparent plate (5) and the second transparent plate (8).
8. A switchable glass as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the transmittance of at least one (parallel light) of the first (5) and second (8) light-transmitting plates is less than 20%.
9. A light control glass as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a first adhesive layer (6) is arranged between the first light-transmitting plate (5) and the PD L C light control film (10), a second adhesive layer (7) is arranged between the second light-transmitting plate (8) and the PD L C light control film (10), and the transmittance of at least one of the first adhesive layer (6) and the second adhesive layer (7) is less than 20%.
10. A light modulation glass, comprising a first light-transmitting plate (5) and a second light-transmitting plate (8) which are stacked, and is characterized in that two PD L C light modulation films (10) according to any one of claims 1-6 are arranged between the first light-transmitting plate (5) and the second light-transmitting plate (8), and the directions of electric fields of the two PD L C light modulation films (10) are mutually vertical.
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| CN202010315017.1A CN111505857A (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | PD L C light modulation film and light modulation glass |
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| CN202010315017.1A CN111505857A (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | PD L C light modulation film and light modulation glass |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112731702A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 天津宝兴威科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-driving-voltage light-adjusting film |
| CN114185199A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 翰博高新材料(合肥)股份有限公司 | High-brightness thinned backlight structure |
| CN114609821A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-10 | 北京京东方传感技术有限公司 | Dimming glass assembly and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023024491A1 (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-03-02 | 深圳市唯酷光电有限公司 | Vehicle window glass, vehicle door, and vehicle |
| CN116009298A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-25 | 江苏集萃智能液晶科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal dimming device |
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