CN111503126A - 一种球形复合耐磨垫片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc Chemical compound [Al].[Zn] FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种球形复合耐磨垫片及其制备方法,所述球形复合耐磨垫片包括铝制层和氧化铝硬质耐磨层,所述的氧化铝硬质耐磨层是通过对铝制层表面进行化学氧化或电极氧化方法制得;所述的复合耐磨垫片表面上有由多个小型凹坑形成的储油池和/或者由一条或多条凹槽形成的储油槽;具体制备方法包括选材、下料、挤压、模具成型、表面精加工、制得氧化铝硬质耐磨层、封闭处理等工艺步骤;具有硬度高耐麿损、抗咬合、韧性好、随动适应性强、耐油污、寿命长、热导率高,重量轻、热膨胀系数小及良好的润滑等性能,适用于球形摩擦副之间的减磨垫片。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨垫片技术领域,具体地讲是一种球形复合耐磨垫片及其制备方法,适用于球形摩擦副之间的减磨垫片。
背景技术
在现有球形耐磨垫片技术中多采用:铜质耐磨垫片、低碳钢耐磨垫片(表面经氮化处理或渗碳处理以提高表面硬度)、弹簧钢整体热处理耐磨垫片等;铜质耐磨垫片由锡青铜、铅锡铜或黄铜等铜或铜合金材料经冲压成形,综合力学性能一般,受力后易摆辗变薄,使摩擦副间隙变大,传动变差,成本高、性价比较差;低碳钢氮化耐磨垫片经氮化处理或渗碳处理后耐磨层较浅,表面硬度不高,热处理易变形,与摩擦副相溶性差,易冷焊、易咬合失效;弹簧钢整体热处理耐磨垫片刚度大,不能自适应摩擦副零件的机械加工误差和装配误差,随动适应性差,又由于垫片厚度薄,整体热处理硬度不能太高,否则垫片心部无韧性易碎裂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述已有技术存在的不足,而提供一种球形复合耐磨垫片。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种球形复合耐磨垫片的制备方法。
本发明提供的技术方案是:一种球形复合耐磨垫片,其特殊之处在于,包括铝制层和氧化铝硬质耐磨层,所述的氧化铝硬质耐磨层是通过对铝制层表面进行化学氧化或电极氧化方法制得,氧化铝硬质耐磨层为一面或两面,氧化铝硬质耐磨层的厚度为0.45~65μm,维氏硬度为650-1200KV;所述的复合耐磨垫片表面上有由多个小型凹坑形成的储油池和/或者由一条或多条凹槽形成的储油槽。
进一步的,还包括钢制层,所述的钢制层与铝制层通过热轧的工艺方式复合成一体,形成钢铝复合板。
进一步的,所述的储油池或储油槽与氧化铝硬质耐磨层表面圆角过渡,无尖角。
进一步的,所述的钢制层的材质为低碳钢或低碳合金钢或不锈钢。
本发明的球形复合耐磨垫片的制备方法,其特殊之处在于,包括如下工艺步骤:
a选取适于垫片厚度的由钢制层与铝制层通过热轧工艺方式复合成一体的钢铝复合板或铝板;
b根据球形耐磨垫片展开尺寸进行下料;
c在材料平板状态下对铝制层表面通过模具挤压出形成油池的多个小型凹坑,或者形成油槽的一条或多条凹槽;
d利用模具进行球面成型;
e对球面成型表面进行精加工、去尖角毛刺、抛光及清洗去油污处理;
f对球形铝制层表面通过化学氧化法或电极氧化法制得氧化铝硬质耐磨层;
g对氧化铝硬质耐磨层进行封闭处理。
本发明的有益效果是:1、在高硬度氧化铝耐磨层表面含有多个油池凹坑或储油槽,具有硬度高耐麿损、抗咬合、韧性好、随动适应性强、耐油污、寿命长、热导率高,重量轻、热膨胀系数小及良好的润滑等性能;2、球形复合耐磨垫片,低成本,铝制层延展性好、导热好、重量轻、整体高承载性、耐冲击、耐磨损、抗咬合、韧性好、随动适应性强、耐油污、寿命长、安全可靠。
附图说明
图1是本发明的(含有储油池)结构示意图;
图2是本发明的(含有油槽)结构示意图;
图3是本发明的(不含有储油池和油槽)的结构示意图;
图4是图1的剖视图;
图5是图2的剖视图;
图6是图3的剖视图;
图7是图4的局部放大图;
图8是本发明的铝制层和两面氧化铝硬质耐磨层的结构剖视图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的技术方案更加清晰明确,下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步描述;所举实施例仅用于解释本发明,并非用于限制本发明。
实施例1,如图1、2、4、5、7、8所示,一种球形复合耐磨垫片,包括铝制层2和氧化铝硬质耐磨层3,铝制层2的材质为所有铝合金,包括纯铝系、铝铜系、铝镁系、铝镁矽系、铝锌系、铝硅系等;氧化铝硬质耐磨层3是通过对铝制层2表面进行化学氧化或电极氧化方法制得,如果球形复合耐磨垫片仅一侧存在摩擦副,氧化铝硬质耐磨层3为一面,如果球形复合耐磨垫片两侧都有摩擦副,则氧化铝硬质耐磨层3为两面,氧化铝硬质耐磨层3的厚度为0.45~65μm,维氏硬度为650-1200KV;球形复合耐磨垫片表面上有由多个小型凹坑形成的储油池4和/或者由一条或多条凹槽形成的储油槽5;储油池4和储油槽5与氧化铝硬质耐磨层3表面圆角过渡,无尖角。
实施例2,同实施例1,不同之处是,一种球形复合耐磨垫片,还包括钢制层1,钢制层1的材质为低碳钢或低碳合金钢或不锈钢;钢制层1与铝制层2通过热轧的工艺方式复合成一体,形成钢铝复合板。
另外,如图3、6所示,一种球形复合耐磨垫片,特殊情况下,可以储油池4和储油槽5可以都不存在。
本发明的球形复合耐磨垫片的制备方法,包括如下工艺步骤:
a选取适于垫片厚度的由钢制层与铝制层通过热轧工艺方式复合成一体的钢铝复合板或铝板;
b根据球形耐磨垫片展开尺寸进行下料;
c在材料平板状态下对铝制层表面通过模具挤压出形成油池的多个小型凹坑,或者形成油槽的一条或多条凹槽;
d利用模具进行球面成型;
e对球面成型表面进行精加工、去尖角毛刺、抛光及清洗去油污处理;
f对球形铝制层表面通过化学氧化法或电极氧化法制得氧化铝硬质耐磨层;
g对氧化铝硬质耐磨层进行封闭处理。
Claims (5)
1.一种球形复合耐磨垫片,其特征在于,包括铝制层(2)和氧化铝硬质耐磨层(3),所述的氧化铝硬质耐磨层(3)是通过对铝制层(2)表面进行化学氧化或电极氧化方法制得,氧化铝硬质耐磨层(3)为一面或两面,氧化铝硬质耐磨层(3)的厚度为0.45~65μm,维氏硬度为650-1200KV;所述的复合耐磨垫片表面上有由多个小型凹坑形成的储油池(4)和/或者由一条或多条凹槽形成的储油槽(5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种球形复合耐磨垫片,其特征在于,还包括钢制层(1),所述的钢制层(1)与铝制层(2)通过热轧的工艺方式复合成一体,形成钢铝复合板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种球形复合耐磨垫片,其特征在于,所述的储油池(4)或储油槽(5)与氧化铝硬质耐磨层(3)表面圆角过渡,无尖角。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种球形复合耐磨垫片,其特征在于,所述的钢制层(1)的材质为低碳钢或低碳合金钢或不锈钢。
5.上述权利要求1-4任一权利要求所述的球形复合耐磨垫片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下工艺步骤:
a选取适于垫片厚度的由钢制层与铝制层通过热轧工艺方式复合成一体的钢铝复合板或铝板;
b根据球形耐磨垫片展开尺寸进行下料;
c在材料平板状态下对铝制层表面通过模具挤压出形成油池的多个小型凹坑,或者形成油槽的一条或多条凹槽;
d利用模具进行球面成型;
e对球面成型表面进行精加工、去尖角毛刺、抛光及清洗去油污处理;
f对球形铝制层表面通过化学氧化法或电极氧化法制得氧化铝硬质耐磨层;
g对氧化铝硬质耐磨层进行封闭处理。
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