CN111501593A - Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method - Google Patents

Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111501593A
CN111501593A CN202010421198.6A CN202010421198A CN111501593A CN 111501593 A CN111501593 A CN 111501593A CN 202010421198 A CN202010421198 A CN 202010421198A CN 111501593 A CN111501593 A CN 111501593A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
steel
support rod
ring body
steel cable
hillside
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Pending
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CN202010421198.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
施娟丽
金永年
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202010421198.6A priority Critical patent/CN111501593A/en
Publication of CN111501593A publication Critical patent/CN111501593A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E01F7/045Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps

Abstract

The invention discloses a municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device and a construction method, wherein the rockfall prevention device comprises a plurality of pillar structures arranged on a hillside and steel cables connected between adjacent pillars; the strut structure comprises a foundation pit arranged on a hillside; after the roller stone protective device is adopted, a plurality of protections can be formed on a hillside, the roller stone has a larger volume structure, the falling potential energy of the roller stone can be fully decomposed after the plurality of protections, the roller stone is prevented from falling on a road, the traffic safety is ensured, and meanwhile, the roller stone protective device is easy to maintain and repair after the impact of the roller stone is born. The concrete wall is simple in structure, lower in arrangement cost and higher in durability compared with a grid-mounted concrete wall, and is suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device and a construction method.
Background
In the road construction process, can pass through the hillside unavoidably, the rubble on the hillside has the risk of rolling, when the stone rolls, can cause very big harm to the current vehicle in below, also can destroy the road surface simultaneously. Reinforcement is therefore required.
The traditional reinforcement mode has two kinds, one kind is that the crisscross separating net of concrete material is pour on the upslope to separate the hillside, but the construction degree of difficulty of above-mentioned operation is great, and construction cycle is longer, and the cost is also very big.
In addition, a metal protective net is covered on a hillside, the construction cost is relatively low, but in practical application, the protective net with the structure can only prevent small rockfall, and for large rockfall, the steel wire mesh is very easy to break, and the protection effect is lost.
Therefore, the device and the construction method for preventing the falling rocks of the municipal road engineering can be built on a hillside and can effectively prevent the falling rocks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a municipal road engineering rock fall prevention device which can be built on a hillside and can effectively prevent rock rolling and a construction method.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device comprises a plurality of strut structures arranged on a hillside and steel cables connected between adjacent struts;
the strut structure comprises a foundation pit arranged on a hillside and a concrete upright post poured in the foundation pit, the upper end of the upright post protrudes to the outside of the foundation pit, an outer cover is assembled at the end of the upright post, and a ground bolt is connected between the outer cover and the hillside; a steel inner rod is poured inside the upright post, and a reinforcing structure is matched between the inner rod and the upright post; an inner cavity is formed in the inner rod, the inner cavity penetrates upwards, the upper end of the inner rod extends to the outside of the outer cover, an end cover for limiting is connected to the upper end of the inner cavity in a threaded mode, an inner sliding block capable of moving up and down is arranged in the inner cavity, a support rod is connected to the upper end of the inner sliding block in a threaded mode, the support rod penetrates the end cover upwards and can slide along the end cover coaxially, a check ring is arranged on the outer wall of the support rod and can slide along the axial direction of the support rod, an inner spring is sleeved on the support rod and acts between the check ring and the inner sliding block, after the support rod moves upwards, the check ring contacts the end cover, and the inner spring is compressed along with continuous upward movement of the support rod; the end, extending to the outside of the end cover, of the support rod is connected with a nut in a threaded mode, more than two outer springs are sleeved on the support rod, a sliding pipe is arranged between every two adjacent outer springs, and the outer wall of each sliding pipe is located; more than two connecting seats are annularly arranged on the outer wall of the sliding pipe, each connecting seat is provided with more than two rotating openings, a rotatable loop bar is arranged in each rotating opening, a stud bolt is matched between each loop bar and the corresponding connecting seat, and each loop bar can horizontally rotate along the stud bolt;
two ends of the steel cable are inserted into the loop bar, a fixing screw is screwed into the outer wall of the loop bar, and the steel cable is fixed after the fixing screw is screwed in.
Preferably, the reinforcing structure comprises an upper ring body and a lower ring body, positioning steel bars are erected between the upper ring body and the lower ring body, vertical steel bars corresponding to the positioning steel bars are arranged on the outer side of the upper ring body, the vertical steel bars and the upper ring body are fixedly bound, and the end, away from the vertical steel bars, of the positioning steel bars is arranged in an inclined and upward manner towards the axis of the upper ring body; the single upright post made of concrete is not high in structural strength and easy to break after bearing impact, and the integral rigidity of the upright post can be increased by pouring a reinforcing structure in the upright post, and meanwhile, the upright post is not easy to fall apart. The reinforcing structure is also contacted with the inner rod, when the inner rod wants to move, the supporting force of the positioning steel bar needs to be overcome, meanwhile, the positioning steel bar can be positioned due to the arrangement of the clamping groove, the inner rod is basically impossible to separate from the upright column upwards independently, and meanwhile, concrete can enter the clamping groove, so that the connecting rigidity between the upright column and the inner rod is increased; also, the reinforcing structure may help position the inner rod prior to installation.
Preferably, the upper ring body and the lower ring body are both formed by bending twisted steel bars, and have the same diameter of 8-12 mm.
Preferably, the vertical reinforcing steel bars are also threaded reinforcing steel bars, and the diameter of the vertical reinforcing steel bars is larger than that of the upper ring body.
Preferably, the inner wall of the sliding tube is provided with a lining made of rubber, and frictional resistance is formed between the lining and the support rod; the arrangement of the lining can increase the stability of the sliding pipe and avoid the up-and-down sliding of the sliding pipe caused by the steel cable in a non-bearing state.
Preferably, the steel cable is obtained by winding a plurality of steel wires, the diameter of each steel wire is 1 mm-2 mm, and each steel cable is wound by at least more than 4 steel wires.
Preferably, both ends of the steel cable are provided with aluminum assembly pipes, the assembly pipes are inserted into the loop bars, the fixing screws are screwed in and abut against the assembly pipes, the steel cable is clamped after the assembly pipes are deformed, and correspondingly, a plurality of V-shaped teeth are arranged inside the assembly pipes and clamped into the steel cable; the arrangement of the structure is to reduce the assembly difficulty of the steel cable and increase the assembly stability of the steel cable; when the cable wire receives the impact of falling rocks, through the deformation of assembly pipe, cooperate the set screw again, can effectually avoid the steel outwards to deviate from, increased the stability in use of this product.
A construction method of a municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, a foundation pit is arranged on a hillside, and the foundation pit is vertical to the hillside;
b. assembling the reinforcing structure and the inner rod, and inserting the combined structure into the foundation pit after assembling; then fine adjustment of the position is carried out;
c. after the operation is finished, concrete can be poured into the foundation pit, the concrete forms a stand column after being dried, and then the rest parts are installed;
d. and finally, assembling the steel cable and the loop bar, and keeping the steel cable in a stretched state.
The invention aims at the rock fall and adopts the following force unloading mode:
when falling rocks exist on the mountain, the falling rocks roll down along the hillside, then main limiting is carried out through the steel cable, part of the falling rocks can contact the support rod, retarding can also be formed through the support rod at the moment, and the falling rocks roll down to the two sides of the support rod after being retarded through the support rod and are intercepted by the steel cable.
When the volume structure of the rolling stone is relatively small, the rolling stone can be intercepted through the steel cable. When the rolling stone has a larger volume structure or rolls down for a longer distance to form a higher falling speed and generate larger potential energy, the steel cable is rigidly intercepted, at the moment, the support rod is led out outwards and is led out upwards through the support rod, the inner spring is compressed to absorb energy, and then the outer spring is extruded to absorb energy by the movement of the sliding pipe. When selecting materials, the wire diameter of the outer spring needs to be larger than that of the inner spring. Through the double energy absorption of the inner spring and the outer spring and the bending deformation of the upper part of the support rod, the full energy absorption is carried out. The deformation of the support rod occurs at the outer side of the inner rod, so that the deformed support rod can be taken out outwards only by unscrewing the end cover, and then the support rod is replaced with a new support rod. The replacement mode is simple and convenient.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the roller stone protective device is adopted, a plurality of protections can be formed on a hillside, the roller stone has a larger volume structure, the falling potential energy of the roller stone can be fully decomposed after the plurality of protections, the roller stone is prevented from falling on a road, the traffic safety is ensured, and meanwhile, the roller stone protective device is easy to maintain and repair after the impact of the roller stone is born. The concrete wall is simple in structure, lower in arrangement cost and higher in durability compared with a grid-mounted concrete wall, and is suitable for popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a strut structure;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a reinforcing structure;
fig. 6 is a sectional view of the fitting pipe.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "sleeved," "connected," "penetrating," "plugged," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the town road engineering rockfall prevention device comprises a plurality of pillar structures 1 arranged on a hill, and a steel cable 2 connected between adjacent pillars 1;
the strut structure 1 comprises a foundation pit 101 arranged on a hillside and a concrete upright post 102 poured in the foundation pit 101, the upper end of the upright post 102 protrudes out of the foundation pit 101, an outer cover 103 is assembled at the end, and a ground bolt 104 is connected between the outer cover 103 and the hillside; an inner steel rod 105 is poured inside the upright post 102, and a reinforcing structure 3 is matched between the inner rod 105 and the upright post 102; an inner cavity 106 is formed in the inner rod 105, the inner cavity 106 penetrates upwards, the upper end of the inner rod 105 extends to the outside of the outer cover 103, an end cover 107 for limiting is connected to the upper end of the inner cavity 106 in a threaded manner, an inner slide block 108 capable of moving up and down is arranged in the inner cavity 106, a support rod 109 is connected to the upper end of the inner slide block 107 in a threaded manner, the support rod 109 penetrates upwards through the end cover 107 and can coaxially slide along the end cover 107, a retainer ring 110 is arranged on the outer wall of the support rod 109, the retainer ring 110 can slide along the axial direction of the support rod 109, an inner spring 111 is sleeved on the support rod 109, the inner spring 111 acts between the retainer ring 110 and the inner slide block 108, after the support rod 109 moves upwards, the retainer ring 110 contacts with the end cover 107, and the inner spring 111 is compressed along with the continuous upward movement of the support rod 109; a nut 112 is connected to one end, extending to the outside of the end cover 107, of the support rod 109 in a threaded manner, more than two outer springs 113 are sleeved on the support rod 109, a sliding pipe 114 is arranged between every two adjacent outer springs 113, and the outer wall of the sliding pipe 114 is provided; more than two connecting seats 115 are annularly arranged on the outer wall of the sliding tube 114, each connecting seat 115 is provided with more than two rotating openings 116, a rotatable loop bar 117 is arranged in each rotating opening 116, a stud bolt 118 is matched between each loop bar 117 and the corresponding connecting seat 115, and the loop bars 117 can horizontally rotate along the stud bolts 118;
both ends of the steel cable 2 are inserted into the loop bar 117, a fixing screw 119 is screwed into the outer wall of the loop bar 117, and the steel cable 2 is fixed after the fixing screw 119 is screwed into the outer wall.
Example 2
The reinforcing structure 3 comprises an upper ring body 301 and a lower ring body 302, a positioning steel bar 303 is erected between the upper ring body 301 and the lower ring body 302, a vertical steel bar 304 corresponding to the positioning steel bar 303 is arranged on the outer side of the upper ring body 301, the vertical steel bar 304 and the upper ring body 301 are fixedly bound, and the end, away from the vertical steel bar 304, of the positioning steel bar 303 is obliquely and upwards arranged towards the axis of the upper ring body 301; the outer wall of the inner rod 105 is provided with an annular clamping groove 305, one end, far away from the upper ring body 301, of the positioning steel bar 303 abuts against the inside of the clamping groove 305, the stand column made of the single concrete material is not high in structural strength and easy to break after being impacted, the whole rigidity of the stand column can be improved by pouring a reinforcing structure in the stand column, and meanwhile the stand column is not easy to fall apart. The reinforcing structure 3 is also in contact with the inner rod 105, when the inner rod 105 is required to move, the supporting force of the positioning steel bar 303 needs to be overcome, meanwhile, the positioning steel bar 303 can be positioned due to the arrangement of the clamping groove 305, the inner rod 105 is required to be separated from the upright column upwards, basically, the concrete can enter the clamping groove 305, and the connecting rigidity between the upright column 102 and the inner rod 105 is improved; whilst the reinforcing structure 3 may also assist in locating the inner rod 105 prior to installation.
Go up ring body 301 and ring body 302 down and all adopt the twisted steel bending to form, the diameter is the same, and the diameter is 8mm ~12 mm.
The vertical reinforcing steel bar 304 is also a thread reinforcing steel bar, and the diameter of the thread reinforcing steel bar is larger than that of the upper ring body 3.
Example 3
An inner liner 144 made of rubber is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding tube 114, and frictional resistance is formed between the inner liner 144 and the support rod 109; the provision of the liner 144 may increase the stability of the slide tube 114 and prevent the cable 2 from sliding up and down the slide tube 114 in the unloaded state.
The steel cable 2 is obtained by winding a plurality of steel wires, the diameter of each steel wire is 1 mm-2 mm, and each steel cable 2 is wound by at least more than 4 steel wires.
Example 4
An aluminum assembling pipe 221 is assembled at each end of the steel cable 2, the assembling pipe 221 is inserted into the loop bar 117, the fixing screw 119 is screwed in and abuts against the assembling pipe 221, the steel cable 2 is clamped after the assembling pipe 221 is deformed, and correspondingly, a plurality of V-shaped teeth 222 are arranged inside the assembling pipe 221 and clamped into the steel cable 2; the arrangement of the structure is to reduce the assembly difficulty of the steel cable 2 and increase the assembly stability of the steel cable 2; when the cable wire is impacted by falling rocks, the cable wire 2 can be effectively prevented from being separated outwards by the deformation of the assembly pipe 221 and the matching of the fixing screw 119, and the use stability of the product is improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a device that falls rocks is prevented to town road engineering which characterized in that: comprises a plurality of pillar structures (1) arranged on a hillside and a steel cable (2) connected between adjacent pillars (1);
the strut structure (1) comprises a foundation pit (101) arranged on a hillside and a concrete upright post (102) poured in the foundation pit (101), the upper end of the upright post (102) protrudes upwards to the outside of the foundation pit (101), an outer cover (103) is assembled at the end, and a ground bolt (104) is connected between the outer cover (103) and the hillside; an inner steel rod (105) is poured inside the upright post (102), and a reinforcing structure (3) is matched between the inner rod (105) and the upright post (102); an inner cavity (106) is arranged in the inner rod (105), the inner cavity (106) penetrates upwards, the upper end of the inner rod (105) extends to the outside of the outer cover (103), an end cover (107) for limiting is connected to the upper end of the inner cavity (106) in a threaded manner, an inner sliding block (108) capable of moving up and down is arranged in the inner cavity (106), a support rod (109) is connected to the upper end of the inner sliding block (107) in a threaded manner, the support rod (109) penetrates upwards through the end cover (107) and can coaxially slide along the end cover (107), a check ring (110) is arranged on the outer wall of the support rod (109), the check ring (110) can slide along the axial direction of the support rod (109), an inner spring (111) is sleeved on the support rod (109), the inner spring (111) acts between the check ring (110) and the inner sliding block (108), and after the support rod (109) moves upwards, the retainer ring (110) contacts the end cover (107), and the inner spring (111) is compressed along with the continuous upward movement of the support rod (109); the end, extending to the outside of the end cover (107), of the support rod (109) is connected with a nut (112) in a threaded mode, more than two outer springs (113) are sleeved on the support rod (109), a sliding pipe (114) is arranged between every two adjacent outer springs (113), and the outer wall of the sliding pipe (114) is located; more than two connecting seats (115) are annularly arranged on the outer wall of the sliding pipe (114), each connecting seat (115) is provided with more than two rotating openings (116), a rotatable loop bar (117) is arranged in each rotating opening (116), a stud bolt (118) is matched between each loop bar (117) and the corresponding connecting seat (115), and each loop bar (117) can horizontally rotate along the corresponding stud bolt (118);
both ends of the steel cable (2) are inserted into the loop bar (117), a fixing screw (119) is screwed into the outer wall of the loop bar (117), and the steel cable (2) is fixed after the fixing screw (119) is screwed into the outer wall.
2. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing structure (3) comprises an upper ring body (301) and a lower ring body (302), positioning steel bars (303) are erected between the upper ring body (301) and the lower ring body (302), vertical steel bars (304) corresponding to the positioning steel bars (303) are arranged on the outer side of the upper ring body (301), the vertical steel bars (304) and the upper ring body (301) are fixedly bound, and the end, away from the vertical steel bars (304), of the positioning steel bars (303) is obliquely and upwards arranged towards the axis of the upper ring body (301); an annular clamping groove (305) is formed in the outer wall of the inner rod (105), and one end, far away from the upper ring body (301), of the positioning steel bar (303) abuts against the inside of the clamping groove (305).
3. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 3, wherein: go up ring body (301) and ring body (302) down all adopt the twisted steel bending to form, the diameter is the same, and the diameter is 8mm ~12 mm.
4. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 3, wherein: the vertical reinforcing steel bars (304) are also threaded reinforcing steel bars, and the diameter of the vertical reinforcing steel bars is larger than that of the upper ring body (3).
5. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 1, wherein: an inner lining (144) made of rubber is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding pipe (114), and frictional resistance is formed between the inner lining (144) and the support rod (109).
6. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 1, wherein: the steel cable (2) is obtained by winding a plurality of steel wires, the diameter of each steel wire is 1-2 mm, and each steel cable (2) is wound by at least more than 4 steel wires.
7. The municipal road engineering rockfall prevention device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: both ends of the steel cable (2) are respectively provided with an aluminum assembling pipe (221), the assembling pipe (221) is inserted into the loop bar (117), the fixing screw (119) is screwed in and then abuts against the assembling pipe (221), the steel cable (2) is clamped after the assembling pipe (221) is deformed, and correspondingly, a plurality of V-shaped teeth (222) are arranged inside the assembling pipe (221) and clamped into the steel cable (2).
8. A construction method of the anti-rockfall device for the municipal road engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a foundation pit (101) is arranged on a hillside, and the foundation pit (101) is vertical to the hillside;
assembling the reinforcing structure (3) and the inner rod (105), and inserting the combined structure into the foundation pit (101) after assembling; then fine adjustment of the position is carried out;
after the operation is finished, concrete can be poured into the foundation pit (101), the concrete is dried to form a stand column (102), and then the rest parts are installed;
and finally, assembling the steel cable (2) and the loop bar (117) and keeping the steel cable (2) in a stretched state.
CN202010421198.6A 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method Pending CN111501593A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010421198.6A CN111501593A (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010421198.6A CN111501593A (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Anti-rockfall device for municipal road engineering and construction method

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CN111501593A true CN111501593A (en) 2020-08-07

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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KR102080795B1 (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-02-24 고주재 Compression Shock Absorption Wire Engagement Unit and Rock Protection Facility having this same and Method for constructing this same

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CN208183770U (en) * 2018-05-05 2018-12-04 顾尧贤 A kind of hydraulic engineering slope protection net fixing piece
CN209523209U (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-10-22 中国水利水电第一工程局有限公司 A kind of high side slope protective net apparatus
CN110016846A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-16 王惠清 It is a kind of easily to collapse the lateral bracing means in section and reinforced construction method
KR102080795B1 (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-02-24 고주재 Compression Shock Absorption Wire Engagement Unit and Rock Protection Facility having this same and Method for constructing this same

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Application publication date: 20200807