CN111500321A

CN111500321A - Water-cooled carbon gas co-production gasification furnace for biomass thermal cracking

Info

Publication number: CN111500321A
Application number: CN202010518293.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王向荣; 王海元绪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-09
Filing date: 2020-06-09
Publication date: 2020-08-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-cooled carbon and gas co-production gasifier for biomass thermal cracking, which comprises an integrally formed furnace body, wherein the furnace body sequentially comprises a raw material region, a drying region, a thermal cracking region, an oxidation region, a reduction region, a cooling region and a carbon storage region from top to bottom, an ignition overhaul port is formed in the side wall of the thermal cracking region, a plurality of gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are uniformly distributed in the oxidation region at intervals, the gas collecting pipes A and the gas collecting pipes B extend into the oxidation region from outside to inside, a carbon outlet region is arranged below the carbon storage region and connected to the bottom of the furnace body through a flange plate, a plurality of carbon outlet packing augers are arranged in the carbon outlet region, and cooling water jackets A which are communicated with each other are arranged on the outer sides of the drying region, the oxidation region, the reduction region, the cooling region. The invention can obviously improve the catalytic efficiency of the gasification furnace, further improve the gas production speed, reduce the consumption of cracking to fuel gas, improve the gas production rate and the uniformity and continuity of the produced gas, and further improve the utilization rate of biomass raw materials.

Description

Water-cooled carbon gas co-production gasification furnace for biomass thermal cracking

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of biomass gas preparation equipment, in particular to a biomass thermal cracking water-cooling carbon gas co-production gasification furnace.

Background

Efficient conversion of biomass energy has now been the subject of major research in the energy field. Currently, biomass energy conversion technologies mainly include biomass gasification, liquefaction, solidification and direct combustion technologies, wherein the biomass gasification technology is an important means for realizing biomass energy conversion. Biomass gasificationThe principle is that under certain thermodynamic condition, the high polymer of biomass is cracked, oxidized, reduced and reformed under the action of partial air, oxygen and water vapor, and the associated tar is further cracked or catalytically cracked into small molecular hydrocarbon, such as CO and H containing₂、CH₄The mixed gas of (2), i.e. biomass gas.

The biomass gasification furnace is a special furnace which adopts a combustion cracking mode to convert biomass straws into biomass combustible gas, wood vinegar liquid and wood tar. The prior biomass gasification furnace mainly has the following technical problems in the use process: (1) the catalytic efficiency is low, the gas production speed is low, the consumption of fuel gas by cracking is increased, and the development of a large biomass gasification furnace is severely restricted; (2) the bulk density of the raw materials in the fuel bin is too low, so that the gas production is not uniform, the gas production rate is low, and the utilization rate of the biomass raw materials is reduced; (3) continuous gas production is difficult to realize, the heat efficiency is low in the working process, and the energy consumption is high. Therefore, the development of a biomass gasification furnace which can continuously burn and continuously generate gas by one-time feeding is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a biomass thermal cracking water-cooling carbon gas co-production gasification furnace which can continuously generate gas, remarkably improve the gas production rate, reduce the energy consumption and improve the heat efficiency.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace for biomass thermal cracking comprises an integrally formed furnace body, wherein the furnace body is supported on the ground through a support, the top of the furnace body is fixedly connected with an oxygen-blocking and smoke-discharging pipe, the top of the furnace body is provided with a charging hole and an observation hole, the furnace body sequentially comprises a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a charcoal storage area from top to bottom, and the middle part of the raw material area is provided with a smoke guide plate through a reinforcing rib; an ignition overhaul port is formed in the side wall of the thermal cracking layer, a quick opening door is arranged on the ignition overhaul port, a plurality of gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are uniformly distributed in the oxidation zone at intervals, the gas collecting pipes A and the gas collecting pipes B extend into the oxidation zone from outside to inside, the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A and the gas collecting pipes B are respectively provided with a carbon resistance gas collecting plate A and a carbon resistance gas collecting plate B, the tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A and the gas collecting pipes B are respectively communicated with a gas belt arranged at the lower part of the furnace body through gas collection cooling pipes, the upper part of the side surface of the gas belt is provided with a gas outlet, and the bottom of the gas belt is; a charcoal discharging area is arranged below the charcoal storage area and connected to the bottom of the furnace body through a flange plate, a plurality of charcoal discharging augers are arranged in the charcoal discharging area, a charcoal discharging auger box is arranged below the tail end of each charcoal discharging auger, a charcoal discharging port is formed in the tail end of each charcoal discharging auger box, an auger shaft is arranged in each charcoal discharging auger box and rotates in the corresponding charcoal discharging auger box, one end of each charcoal discharging auger and one end of each auger shaft are respectively connected with an output shaft of a motor, and auger blades are arranged on each auger shaft; the carbon outlet area is externally provided with a cooling water jacket B, one side of the cooling water jacket B is provided with a cooling water inlet B, the other side of the cooling water jacket B is provided with a cooling water outlet B, the outer sides of the drying area, the oxidation area, the reduction area, the cooling area, the carbon storage area and the gas collecting pipe A, the gas collecting pipe B and the gas collecting cooling pipe are all provided with cooling water jackets A which are communicated with each other, and the cooling water inlet A of the cooling water jackets A is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and the cooling water outlet A is close to the drying area.

Furthermore, a plurality of cooling water pipes A and a plurality of cooling water pipes B which are uniformly distributed are respectively arranged between the oxidation area, the reduction area and the carbon storage area, and two ends of the cooling water pipes A and two ends of the cooling water pipes B are communicated with the cooling water jacket A.

Further, the cooling water jacket A forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B through a plurality of cooling water pipes C.

Further, the bottom end of the cooling water pipe B is communicated with the cooling water jacket A through a cooling pipe.

Furthermore, the tail ends of the gas collecting pipe A and the gas collecting pipe B are both provided with temperature sensors, and the gas collecting cooling pipe is provided with a control valve.

Further, a water filling port is formed in the middle of the side face of the gas belt, a liquid level meter is arranged on the lower portion of the side face, a through hole is formed in a connecting plate between the coke discharging hopper and the gas belt, a coke discharging port is formed in the bottom of the coke discharging hopper, and a slag removing port is formed in the side face of the coke discharging hopper.

Further, it sprays the mouth to have seted up on the row charcoal auger case, auger leaf interval distribution and fixed connection in the auger is epaxial, will be adjacent at the during operation charcoal end form the gas resistance charcoal between the auger leaf.

Furthermore, the reduction area is provided with an inspection opening, and the middle part of the oxygen-blocking and smoke-discharging pipe is provided with a smoke-blocking valve.

Further, the charcoal output auger is a bidirectional auger, and outlets at two ends of the charcoal output auger are provided with charcoal discharge auger boxes.

Further, the outer sides of the reduction area and the oxidation area are fixedly provided with working platforms, and the side faces of the working platforms are provided with stairs which are in contact with the ground.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

(1) the invention adopts an integrally formed furnace body, and the furnace body is sequentially divided into a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area from top to bottom according to functional differences, wherein the top of the raw material area is provided with a charging hole, so that a large amount of charging or continuous charging at one time can be realized, and a foundation is laid for the continuous work of a gasification furnace; the drying area further dries the raw materials by utilizing the ascending hot air flow generated by the thermal cracking area, reduces the water content of the raw materials, improves the thermal efficiency of the raw materials and further effectively improves the thermal cracking efficiency of the raw materials; the thermal cracking zone is a core area of the gasification furnace and mainly has the function of cracking the ignited biomass raw materials into other components such as biomass gas, tar, biomass charcoal and the like by utilizing the thermodynamic principle; the oxidation zone has the main functions of adopting the gas collecting pipe to realize the maximum collection of other gas components such as biomass gas, gasified tar and the like, and guiding the gas components into a gas band for temporary storage through the gas collecting cooling pipe; the reduction zone and the cooling zone adopt low temperature to cool the biomass charcoal generated by cracking, and the cooled biomass charcoal enters the charcoal storage zone for temporary storage. Therefore, the invention can obviously improve the catalytic efficiency of the gasification furnace, further improve the gas production speed, reduce the consumption of fuel gas by cracking, has large space in the furnace body and few blocking parts, can effectively improve the stacking density of raw materials, improve the gas production rate and the uniformity and continuity of the gas production, further improve the utilization rate of biomass raw materials, and simultaneously can obviously improve the thermal efficiency of the gasification furnace and reduce the energy consumption of gasification.

(2) The invention is provided with the mutually communicated cooling water jackets A at the outer sides of the drying area, the oxidation area, the reduction area, the cooling area, the carbon storage area, the gas collecting pipe A, the gas collecting pipe B and the gas collecting cooling pipe of the furnace body, thereby not only effectively reducing the temperature of the furnace body and the gas collecting pipe and prolonging the service life of the furnace body and the gas collecting pipe, but also effectively improving the condensation efficiency of steam such as wood tar, wood vinegar and the like, leading the steam to be condensed to the maximum extent in the gas collecting pipe and the gas collecting cooling pipe and discharged to enter the next treatment process through the coke discharging hopper at the bottom of the gas zone, and having important significance for improving the purity of the biomass gas.

(3) According to the invention, the carbon outlet area is connected below the carbon storage area through the flange plate, the carbon outlet area is provided with the plurality of carbon outlet augers and the carbon discharge auger boxes, so that the biomass carbon is smoothly discharged, meanwhile, the mutually communicated cooling water interlayers are arranged among the carbon outlet augers, and the cooling water interlayers are utilized to cool the carbon outlet augers, so that the auger can be effectively prevented from being damaged by the high-temperature biomass carbon in the carbon storage area after entering the carbon outlet area, and the service life of the auger is further prolonged.

(4) According to the invention, the cooling water pipes B and the cooling water pipes A which are uniformly distributed and both ends of which are communicated with the cooling water jacket A are respectively arranged between the oxidation area and the carbon storage area and between the reduction area and the carbon storage area, so that the flowability of the cooling water in the cooling water pipes A and the cooling water pipes B is skillfully utilized, the temperature of a biomass carbon layer in the middle of the furnace body can be effectively reduced, and further the biomass carbon is prevented from damaging a lower carbon outlet mechanism due to overhigh temperature.

(5) According to the invention, the plurality of cooling water pipes C are adopted to form the circulating cooling ring between the cooling water jacket A and the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B, so that the condensation efficiency of steam such as wood tar, pyroligneous liquor and the like can be further improved, and the cleanliness of biomass gas is further improved.

(6) Each gas collection cooling pipe is provided with a control valve, and the size of air flow can be effectively adjusted through the control valve, so that the burning deflection of the furnace can be effectively prevented, and the cracking uniformity of a thermal cracking layer and the gas collection uniformity of an oxide layer are ensured.

(7) According to the invention, the through holes are formed in the connecting plate of the coke discharging hopper and the gas belt, so that pyroligneous liquor and wood tar can be effectively ensured to smoothly enter the coke discharging hopper, the wood tar and the pyroligneous liquor in biomass gas can be scraped, other impurities can be effectively filtered, and the cleanliness is further improved.

(8) According to the biomass charcoal discharging auger box, the spraying ports are formed in the charcoal discharging auger box, water is sprayed to the biomass charcoal through the spraying ports, the temperature of the biomass charcoal can be further reduced, the wettability of the biomass charcoal can be increased, auger blades of the charcoal discharging auger box are distributed at intervals, and in the charcoal discharging process, air blocking charcoal is formed between adjacent auger blades, so that air can be effectively prevented from entering the furnace body from the charcoal discharging area to be ignited and combusted, and in the process, the moist biomass charcoal is more beneficial to the formation of the air blocking charcoal.

(9) For a large-tonnage furnace body, the charcoal outlet auger can use a bidirectional auger, and the outlets at two ends of the charcoal outlet auger are provided with charcoal discharge auger boxes, so that the charcoal discharge efficiency is improved; meanwhile, for a large-tonnage furnace body, the number of gas collecting pipes is increased, the number of cooling water pipes B arranged between the drying area and the cooling area is increased, and the tail ends of all the cooling water pipes B are communicated with the cooling water jacket A through the cooling water pipes in order to conveniently arrange and ensure the cooling water circulation effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of a cross section of the oxidation region of fig. 1 or fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of a cooling water pipe A, a cooling water pipe B and a cooling pipe in the large-tonnage furnace body.

In the figure: 1. furnace body, 2, observation hole, 3, oxygen supply and smoke exhaust pipe, 4, smoke-resistant air valve, 5, feeding port, 6, smoke guide plate, 7, cooling water jacket A, 8, quick opening door, 9, ignition overhaul port, 10, gas collecting pipe A, 11, inspection port, 12, gas collecting and cooling pipe, 13, gas outlet, 14, control valve, 15, gas belt, 16, slag cleaning port, 17, coke outlet hopper, 18, coke outlet, 19, cooling water inlet A, 20, carbon outlet zone, 21, bracket, 22, cooling water inlet B, 23, carbon outlet auger, 24, carbon outlet auger box, 25, auger shaft, 26, auger blade, 27, cooling water outlet B, 28, gas-resistant carbon, 29, carbon outlet, 30, stair, 31, spray port, 32, cooling water pipe A, 33, working platform, 34, temperature sensor, 35, carbon-resistant plate A, 36, fire-resistant layer, 37, cooling water pipe B, 38, motor, 39, Cooling water pipes C and 40, gas collecting pipes B and 41, carbon-blocking gas collecting plates B and 42, cooling water outlets A and 43, cooling pipes 44, water injection ports 45, a liquid level meter 46 and a cooling water jacket B.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described in the following description with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a water-cooled carbon and gas co-production gasifier for biomass thermal cracking comprises an integrally formed furnace body 1, wherein the furnace body 1 is supported on the ground through a support 21, an oxygen blocking and smoke discharging pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body 1, a charging opening 5 and an observation hole 2 are formed in the top of the furnace body 1, the furnace body 1 sequentially comprises a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area from top to bottom, and a smoke guide plate 6 is arranged in the middle of the raw material area through a reinforcing rib; an ignition overhaul port 9 is formed in the side wall of the thermal cracking layer, a quick opening door 8 is arranged on the ignition overhaul port 9, a plurality of gas collecting pipes A10 and gas collecting pipes B40 are uniformly distributed in the oxidation zone at intervals, the gas collecting pipes A10 and the gas collecting pipes B40 both extend into the oxidation zone from outside to inside, carbon resistance gas collecting plates A35 and carbon resistance gas collecting plates B41 are respectively arranged at the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A10 and the gas collecting pipes B40, the tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A10 and the gas collecting pipes B40 are respectively communicated with a gas belt 15 arranged at the lower part of the furnace body 1 through a gas collection cooling pipe 12, a gas outlet 13 is formed in the upper part of the side face of the gas belt 15, and a coke discharging hopper 17 is arranged at; the carbon storage area is provided with a carbon outlet area 20 below, the carbon outlet area 20 is connected to the bottom of the furnace body 1 through a flange, a plurality of carbon outlet packing augers 23 are arranged in the carbon outlet area 20, a carbon discharge packing auger box 24 is arranged below the tail end of the carbon outlet packing auger 23, a carbon discharge port 29 is formed in the tail end of the carbon discharge packing auger box 24, an auger shaft 25 is arranged in the carbon discharge packing auger box 24 in a rotating manner, one end of each of the carbon outlet packing augers 23 and the auger shaft 25 is respectively connected with an output shaft of the motor 38, and an auger blade 26 is arranged on each auger shaft 25; the carbon outlet area 20 is externally provided with a cooling water jacket B46, one side of the cooling water jacket B46 is provided with a cooling water inlet B22, the other side of the cooling water jacket B27 is provided with a cooling water outlet B27, the outer sides of the drying area, the oxidation area, the reduction area, the cooling area, the carbon storage area, the gas collecting pipe A10, the gas collecting pipe B40 and the gas collecting cooling pipe 12 are all provided with cooling water jackets A7 which are communicated with each other, and the cooling water inlet A19 of the cooling water jacket A7 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the cooling water outlet A42 is close to the drying area.

In order to reduce the temperature of a biomass charcoal layer in the middle of the furnace body and further prevent the biomass charcoal from damaging a lower charcoal discharging mechanism due to overhigh temperature, a plurality of cooling water pipes A32 and a plurality of cooling water pipes B37 which are uniformly distributed are respectively arranged in an oxidation zone, a reduction zone and a charcoal storage zone, and two ends of each of the cooling water pipes A32 and the cooling water pipe B37 are communicated with a cooling water jacket A7.

In order to further improve the condensation efficiency of steam such as wood tar, pyroligneous liquor and the like and further improve the cleanliness of biomass fuel gas, the cooling water jacket A7 forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B40 through a plurality of cooling water pipes C39.

As shown in fig. 4, for a large-tonnage furnace body, the number of gas collecting pipes is increased, the number of cooling water pipes B37 arranged between the drying area and the cooling area is increased, and the bottom end of the cooling water pipe B37 is communicated with the cooling water jacket a7 through the cooling pipe 43 for convenience of arrangement and ensuring the cooling water circulation effect.

In order to detect the temperature of the gas in the gas collecting tube A10 and the gas collecting tube B40 in real time, the tail ends of the gas collecting tube A10 and the gas collecting tube B40 are both provided with temperature sensors 34, and in order to realize reasonable adjustment of the size of the airflow in the gas collecting cooling tube 12 and prevent burning deviation, the gas collecting cooling tube 12 is provided with a control valve 14.

In order to wash the biomass gas, the middle part of the side surface of the gas belt 15 is provided with a water injection port 44, and in order to know the liquid level height in the gas belt 15 in real time, the lower part of the side surface is provided with a liquid level meter 45, in order to ensure that wood tar and wood vinegar smoothly flow into the coke discharging hopper 17, and in order to realize scraping of the wood tar and the wood vinegar in the biomass gas, a through hole is arranged on a connecting plate between the coke discharging hopper 17 and the gas belt 15, the bottom of the coke discharging hopper 17 is provided with a coke discharging port 18, and the side surface of the coke discharging hopper 17 is provided with a slag removing port 16 for facilitating slag removal.

In order to further reduce the temperature of the biomass charcoal and increase the moisture of the biomass charcoal, the charcoal discharge auger box 24 is provided with a spraying port 31, in order to prevent air from entering the furnace body 1 from the charcoal outlet area, auger blades 26 are distributed at intervals and fixedly connected to the auger shaft 25, and during operation, charcoal dust forms air blocking charcoal 28 between adjacent auger blades 26.

For a large-tonnage furnace body, in order to improve the carbon discharging efficiency, the carbon discharging auger 23 is a bidirectional auger, and outlets at two ends of the carbon discharging auger are provided with carbon discharging auger boxes 24.

In order to conveniently ignite and observe the conditions in the furnace, the reduction area is provided with an inspection opening 11, the outer sides of the reduction area and the oxidation area are fixedly provided with a working platform 33, the side surface of the working platform 33 is provided with a stair 30 which is in contact with the ground, and the middle part of the oxygen-blocking and smoke-discharging pipe 3 is provided with a smoke-blocking valve 4 in order to reduce the air entering the furnace body 1 to the maximum extent.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

before the biomass gas purification device works, the gas outlet 13 is connected with the gas inlet end of a biomass gas purification system through an induced draft fan or a roots blower, the cooling water inlet A19 and the cooling water inlet B22 are connected with the water outlet end of a cooling water tank, the cooling water outlet A42 and the cooling water outlet B27 are connected with the water return end of the cooling water tank, meanwhile, a water pipe is connected with the spray port 31, and cooling water is filled in a cooling water jacket A and a cooling water interlayer of a carbon outlet area; ensuring that the slag removal port 16 and the coke outlet 18 are in a closed state, communicating a water injection port 44 with a tap water pipe, injecting water into the gas zone 15, penetrating the through hole downwards after the water enters the gas zone 15, filling the coke outlet hopper 17 with the water, gradually filling the gas zone 15 with the water, and stopping water injection when the water level is higher than the joint of the gas collection cooling pipe 12 and the gas zone 15 through a liquid level meter 45; the biomass charcoal is fed into the furnace body 1 from the feed opening 5 by adopting an automatic feeding system or a manual mode, the height of the biomass charcoal is checked through the observation opening 2 and the inspection opening 11 in the process until the biomass charcoal is fully filled below an oxidation area (a reduction area, a cooling area and a charcoal storage area), the biomass raw material subjected to pretreatment is added (the feeding mode and the path are the same as the feeding mode of the biomass charcoal), and the feeding is stopped until the biomass raw material is fully filled with the oxidation area, the thermal cracking area, the drying area and the raw material area from bottom to top.

At the moment, an induced draft fan or a roots fan is started, a small amount of air is sucked from a feed inlet 5 and an oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe 3 into a furnace body 1, ignition is carried out at a self-ignition overhaul port 9 in a manual or automatic ignition mode, a quick opening door 8 at the ignition overhaul port 9 is closed after ignition, at the moment, biomass raw materials in a thermal cracking area are cracked under the thermodynamic action in an oxygen-deficient environment to generate biomass gas, wood tar, pyroligneous liquor and the like, the wood tar, the pyroligneous liquor and the like are evaporated into gas at high temperature generated by continuous combustion, due to the continuous work of the induced draft fan or the roots fan, mixed gas of the biomass gas and other gases respectively enters a self-blocking carbon gas collecting plate A35 and a carbon powder blocking gas collecting plate B41 into a gas collecting pipe A10 and a gas collecting pipe B40 and flows into a gas zone 15 from a corresponding gas collecting cooling pipe 12, gas components flow upwards after the mixed gas enters the gas zone 15, and water in the gas zone 15 in the flowing process, Ash is washed, and in the process and after the mixed gas enters the gas belt 15, the mixed gas is affected by the low temperature of the gas collecting pipe A10, the gas collecting pipe B40, the gas collecting cooling pipe 12 and the cooling water jacket A7 on the outer side of the gas belt 15, so that pyroligneous liquor, wood tar and other gases in the mixed gas are condensed into a liquid state, when the mixed gas enters the gas belt 15, the pyroligneous liquor, the wood tar and other liquids enter the coke hopper 17 through the filter plate, and the biomass gas and other gases (including uncondensed part of wood tar and pyroligneous liquor steam) which may be mixed flow into a biomass gas purification system for purification treatment under the action of an induced draft fan or a Roots fan; in the process, along with the continuous cracking of biomass straws and the continuous production of biomass fuel gas, biomass charcoal is also continuously produced, the biomass charcoal can continuously discharge the biomass charcoal added before production and the biomass charcoal produced by subsequent cracking after the biomass charcoal stays in the charcoal storage area for a short time and enters the charcoal discharge area under the action of gravity only by opening the driving motor of the charcoal discharge auger 23 and the control motor 38 of the charcoal discharge auger box 24, in the process, the biomass charcoal is cooled by a cooling water interlayer distributed around the charcoal discharge auger 23, meanwhile, after the biomass charcoal enters the charcoal discharge reel box 24, the biomass charcoal is sprayed with moisture when passing through the spraying port 31 so as to improve the humidity of the biomass charcoal, and in the continuous discharge process of wet biomass charcoal, compact choke charcoal 28 is formed in a vacant area between adjacent auger leaves 26 and is continuously discharged along with the biomass charcoal, the gas-blocking carbon 28 will be updated in turn, i.e. the originally stacked gas-blocking carbon will be discharged from the carbon discharge port 29 for collection; in order to ensure continuous gas production, in the process, an automatic feeding system or a manual mode can be adopted to continuously feed the biological raw materials into the furnace body 1 from the feeding port 5; if gas production is required to be stopped, feeding is stopped, and the furnace sealing is realized by closing the feeding port 5 and the smoke stop air valve 4.

In the whole production process, the cooling water jacket A7, the cooling water pipe A32, the cooling water pipe B37 and the cooling water pipe C39 can cool the wall of the furnace body 1 and the inner biomass charcoal layer, and the heat generated by the oxygen-deficient combustion in the thermal cracking zone flows upwards to dry the upper raw material, so that the combustion efficiency is improved.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a living beings thermal cracking water-cooling charcoal gas coproduction gasifier, includes integrated into one piece's furnace body (1), furnace body (1) supports in ground through support (21), furnace body (1) top fixedly connected with hinders oxygen and discharges fume pipe (3), and this furnace body (1) top has seted up charge door (5) and has observed hole (2), its characterized in that: the furnace body (1) sequentially comprises a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area from top to bottom, wherein the middle part of the raw material area is provided with a smoke guide plate (6) through a reinforcing rib; an ignition overhaul port (9) is formed in the side wall of the thermal cracking layer, a quick opening door (8) is arranged on the ignition overhaul port (9), a plurality of gas collecting pipes A (10) and gas collecting pipes B (40) are uniformly distributed in the oxidation zone at intervals, the gas collecting pipes A (10) and the gas collecting pipes B (40) extend into the oxidation zone from outside to inside, carbon blocking gas collecting plates A (35) and carbon blocking gas collecting plates B (41) are respectively arranged at the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A (10) and the gas collecting pipes B (40), the tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A (10) and the gas collecting pipes B (40) are respectively communicated with a gas band (15) arranged at the lower part of the furnace body (1) through gas collecting cooling pipes (12), a gas outlet (13) is formed in the upper part of the side face of the gas band (15), and a coke outlet hopper (17; the coal storage area is provided with a carbon outlet area (20) below, the carbon outlet area (20) is connected to the bottom of the furnace body (1) through a flange, a plurality of carbon outlet packing augers (23) are arranged in the carbon outlet area (20), a carbon discharging packing auger box (24) is arranged below the tail end of each carbon outlet packing auger (23), a carbon discharging port (29) is formed in the tail end of each carbon discharging packing auger box (24), a packing auger shaft (25) is arranged in each carbon discharging packing auger box (24) in a rotating manner, one end of each carbon outlet packing auger (23) and one end of each packing auger shaft (25) are respectively connected with an output shaft of a motor (38), and packing auger blades (26) are arranged on each packing auger shaft (25); go out charcoal district (20) outside and be provided with cooling water jacket B (46), cooling water inlet B (22) have been seted up to one side of cooling water jacket B (46), cooling water export B (27) have been seted up to the opposite side, the outside of drying zone, oxidation zone, reduction zone, cooling zone, storage charcoal district and gas collecting A (10), gas collecting B (40), gas collecting cooling tube (12) all is provided with the cooling water jacket A (7) of intercommunication each other, cooling water inlet A (19) of cooling water jacket A (7) set up in furnace body (1) bottom, cooling water export A (42) are close to the drying zone.

2. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a plurality of cooling water pipes A (32) and a plurality of cooling water pipes B (37) which are uniformly distributed are respectively arranged among the oxidation area, the reduction area and the carbon storage area, and two ends of each of the cooling water pipes A (32) and the cooling water pipes B (37) are communicated with the cooling water jacket A (7).

3. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasifier of claim 2, wherein: the cooling water jacket A (7) forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B (40) through a plurality of cooling water pipes C (39).

4. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasifier of claim 3, wherein: the bottom end of the cooling water pipe B (37) is communicated with the cooling water jacket A (7) through a cooling pipe (43).

5. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail ends of the gas collecting pipe A (10) and the gas collecting pipe B (40) are respectively provided with a temperature sensor (34), and the gas collecting cooling pipe (12) is provided with a control valve (14).

6. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coke discharging device is characterized in that a water injection port (44) is formed in the middle of the side face of the gas belt (15), a liquid level meter (45) is arranged on the lower portion of the side face, a through hole is formed in a connecting plate between the coke discharging hopper (17) and the gas belt (15), a coke discharging port (18) is formed in the bottom of the coke discharging hopper (17), and a slag cleaning port (16) is formed in the side face of the coke discharging hopper.

7. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: arrange and seted up on charcoal auger case (24) and spray mouth (31), auger leaf (26) interval distribution and fixed connection in on auger axle (25), it will be adjacent at the during operation charcoal end form between auger leaf (26) and hinder gas charcoal (28).

8. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reduction area is provided with an inspection opening (11), and the middle part of the oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe (3) is provided with a smoke-blocking valve (4).

9. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charcoal outlet auger (23) is a bidirectional auger, and outlets at two ends of the charcoal outlet auger are provided with charcoal discharging auger boxes (24).

10. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal gas co-production gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer sides of the reduction region and the oxidation region are fixedly provided with working platforms (33), and the side faces of the working platforms (33) are provided with stairs (30) which are in contact with the ground.